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REPORT   AND    COMMUNICATIONS. 


REPORT 


PRESENTED  TO 


AT  ITS   TWENTy-FIFTH   GENERAL  MEETING, 

MAT  9,  1865. 


ALSO 


Cj)mmuttitatiun« 

MADE  TO  THE  SOCIETY. 
No.  MV.  /     I  5* 

BEING  No.  i  OP  THB  THIRD  VOLUME. 


CAMBRIDGE: 

PBIMnO  BT  0.  J.  ClAT,  MJL  AT  TUB  UKITBB81TT  PBES9 

DEIGHTON,  BELL  &  CO.;    MACMILLAN  &  CO. 
BELL -AND  DALDT,  FLEET  STREET,  LONDON. 

1865. 


PUBLICATIONS 

OF  THE 

CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 


QUARTO  SERIES. 

I  A  Catalogue  of  the  Original  Library  of  St  Catharine's 

Hall,  1475.  By  G.  E.  Corrie,  D.D.   U.  6d. 
II.         Abbreviata  Cronica.     By  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    2#.  6d. 
Ill         An  Account  of  the  Consecration  of  Archbishop  Parker. 
By  J.  Goodwivi,  B.D.    3*.  Qck 
IV.  &  V.    Heraldry  in  illustration  of  Univepsity  and  Collegiate  Anti- 
quities. By  H.  A,  Woodham,  M.A.    9*.  od. 
VI.  &  VIII.  A  Catalogue  of  MSS.  and  scarce  Books  in  St  John's  Col- 
lege Library.    By  M.  Cowie,  M.A.    9s. 
•    VII.       A  Description  of  the  Sextry  Barn  at  Ely,  lately  demo- 
lished.    By  Professor  Willis,  M.A.    3*. 
IX.        Architectural  Nomenclature  of  the  Middle  Ages.     By 
Professor  Willis,  M.A.     {out  of  print). 

X.  Roman  and  Roman-British  Remains  at  and  near  Sheflford. 

By  Sir  Henry  Dryden,  Bart.,  M.A.   6s.  (5d. 

XI.  Specimens  of  College  Plate.     By  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    15«. 

XII.  On  the  Materials  of  two  Roman-British  Sepulchral  Urns. 

By  Professor  Henslow,  M.A.     4s. 
XIII        Evangelia  Ai^gustini  Gregoriana.    By  J..  Goodwin,  B.D. 
20*. 

XIV.  Miscellaneous  Communications.  By  Messrs  A.  W.  Franks, 

C.  W.  Goodwin,  and  J.  O.  Halliwell.    15#. 

XV.  An  Historical  Inquiry  touching  St  Catherine  of  Alexan- 

dria, illustrated  by  a  semi-Saxon  Legend.     By  C. 
Hardwick,  M.A.    12*. 


OCTAVO  SERIES. 

I  Anglo-Saxon  Legends  of  St  Andrew  and  St  Veronica. 

By  C.  W.  Goodwin,  M.A.    2s.  6d. 

II  GrfiBco-Egyptian  Fragment  on  Magic  By  C.  W.  Goodwin, 

M.A.     Ss.  6d. 

III.  Ancient  Cambridgeshire.      By  C.  C.   Babmgton,  M.A. 

3*.  6d. 

IV.  History  of  Wateibeach.    By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    5s. 
V  Diary  of  E.  Rud.    By  H.  R.  Luaxd,  M.A.    2s.  ed. 
VI.        History  of  Landbeach.     By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.  is.Gd. 

Communications,  Vol.  I.    11*. 

Communications,  Vol.  U.    lOs.;   or  Nos.   X.  to  XIV. 
2*.  each. 


CAMBEIDaE    ANTIQUARIAN 
COMMUNICATIONS: 

BEING 

PAPERS    PRESENTED    AT   THE   MEETINGS 

OP  THE 


Vol.  III. 
1864—1876. 


CAMBRIDGE: 

PBINTSD  FOB  THE   CAMBBIBOB  ANTIQUABIAM   SOCIETY. 

SOIiD  BY  DEIGHTON,  BELL  &  CO. ;  and  MACMILLAN  <k  CO. 
GEORGE  BELL  &  SONS,   LONDON. 

1879. 


/sr  I'K^^r-  cA^,^^t^^ 


REPORT 


PRESENTED  TO  THE 


Caml)iiti0e  Antiquarian  Sbotitt^^ 


AT  ITS  TWENTY-FIFTH  ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING 


MAY  22,  1865. 


<{Dambt(&ge : 

PRIHTED  BT  a  J.  OLAT,  TLA,  AT  THE  UNIYEBSITT  PBE8& 

DEIGHTON,  BELL  &  CO. ;  MACMILLAN  <&  CO. 
BELL  AND  DALDY,  FLEET  STREET;  J.  R.  SMITH,  SOHO  SQUARE, 

LONDON. 

1866. 


REPORT, 

4-c. 


It  18  a  gratification  to  your  officers  that  they  can  truly  state 
that  the  Society  is  in  at  least  as  good  a  condition  as  at  this  time 
last  year ;  but  their  pleasure  would  have  been  much  enhanced 
if  they  could  have  added  that  the  number  of  members  was 
increased.  It  is  quite  necessary  to  obtain  an  addition  to  our 
Society  if  we  are  to  do  the  work  that  is  ready  and  desirable. 
If  our  funds  admitted  of  it,  we  could  immediately  print  the  very 
valuable  Archdeacon^s  Book  preserved  at  Caius  College,  which 
has  been  deciphered  and  transcribed  by  Mr  Bendyshe  and  of- 
fered to  us  by  him.  There  are  also  several  other  manuscripts 
the  publication  of  which  is  delayed  solely  from  our  want  of  the 
requisite  funds.  It  is  true  that  we  are  not  in  a  worse  state 
now  than  has  been  our  condition  for  many  years,  but  that  seems 
to  your  officers  to  render  it  the  more  desirable  that  eflforts 
should  be  made  to  raise  the  requisite  funds  for  the  publication 
of  the  Archdeacon's  Book. 

Owing  to  the  Philosophical  Society  having  determined  to  let 
their  present  house  it  will  be  necessary  for  our  Society  to  obtain 
some  other  place  of  meeting.  It  is  probable  that  we  may  find 
it  desirable  to  hold  a  few  of  our  future  meetings  in  the  private 
rooms  of  one  of  our  members^  but  of  this  due  notice  will  be 
given  in  the  month  of  October. 


4 

In  addition  to  the  usual  part  of  Communications,  we  have 
had  the  pleasure  of  issuing  to  our  members  in  the  course  of  the 
past  year  the  Histobt  of  Uorningsey  by  the  Rev.  W.  E.  day. 
It  is  a  worthy  companion  for  the  same  gentleman's  Histories  of 
Waterbeach  and  Landbeach.  A  title-page  has  been  issued 
with  it  to  allow  of  the  three  topographical  tracts  being  bound 
together  as  one  volume. 


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I 


OFFICERS    AND    COUNCIL, 

{Elected  May  22,  1865). 


The  BoT.  Henry  Biohards  Luard,  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Regis- 
trary  of  the  UniTersity. 

®rea»tttet. 
Charles  Cardale  Babington,  M.A.  F.B.S.  F.S.A.   St  John's 
College,  Professor  of  Botany. 

SbectetatB, 
The  Rev.  T.  G.  Bonney,  M.A.  F.G.S.  St  John's  College. 

Councd 

The  Rev.  C.  E.  Evans,  M.A.  King's  College. 

Edwin  Guest,  LL.D.  F.R.S.  Master  of  Gx>nville  and  Caius 
College. 

The  Rev.  Edward  Ventris,  M.A.  St  Peter's  College. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.  King's  College. 

The  Bev.  Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.  F.S.A.  Christ's 
College. 

The  Rev.  George  Williams,  B.D.  King's  College. 

The  Bev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor,  M.A.  St  John's  College,  Libra- 
rian of  the  University. 

The  Rev.  W.  G.  Searle,  M.A.  Queens'  College. 

J.  W.  Hales,  M.A.  Christ's  College. 

The  Rev.  George  Elwes  Corrie,  D.D.  Master  of  Jesus  College. 

Henry  Bradshaw,  M.A.  F.S.A.  King's  College. 

The  Bev.  Churchill  Babington,  B.D.  F.L.S.  Disney  Professor 
of  Archaeology. 


AN  ABSTRACT  OP  THE  PROCEEDINGS  AT  THE 
MEETINGS  OP  THE  SOCIETY. 


Nov.  7,  1S64.     The  Rev.  H.   R.  Luard,  President,  m  the 
chair. 

The  Rer.  T.  Brocklebank  read  a  list  of  the  Notaries  Publio  who  hare 
been  Tegistnn  of  Kings  College  from  about  the  time  of  the  Refonnation,  and 
also  mentioned  some  other  Notaries  who  have  acted  for  them  in  the  admis* 
sion  of  Fellows  of  the  College. 

Mr  C!  H.  Cooper  read  some  account  of  Richard  Sanlt,  mathematician,  and 
one  of  the  Editors  of  the  Athenian  Mercury. 

The  Rot.  T.  G.  Bonney  gave  an  account  of  some  recent  discoveries 
among  the  P&hlbauten  at  Condse,  Lake  of  Neufchatel. 

The  plan  and  rituation  of  the  village  was  described,  together  with  some 
of  the  most  interesting  articles  discovered:  among  these  was  an  axehead  of 
serpentine,  set  in  a  socket  of  stag's  horn,  and  attached  to  a  wooden  handle ; 
the  mode  of  making  and  polishing  the  weapons  was  discussed ;  and  the  man- 
ner in  which  they  were  fastened  to  the  handles.  Information  was  also  given 
as  to  the  articles  of  food,  textile  and  other  fabrics,  in  use  among  the  ancient 
inhabitants  of  Switzerland. 

Dr  Guest  mentioned  that  he  had  received  numerous  letters  concerning 
the  activity  of  the  volcanoes  of  Central  Fiance  rinoe  the  Christian  Era,  and 
mentioned  the  letters  of  Sidonius  ApolUnaris  and  the  Homilia  de  Rog<UionibU9 
as  proofs  of  such  activity  in  the  lifetime  of  those  writers. 

An  interesting  conversation  then  took  place  upon  the  necessity  of  geolo- 
gists knowing  something  of  medieval  history  before  deciding  upon  the  dates 
of  events  made  known  to  them  by  geological  research.  Dr  Guest  instanced 
the  Goodwin  Sands  supposed  to  have  existed  in  the  time  of  Julius  Cesar,  and 
to  have  prevented  him  from  landing  at  Deal :  whereas  it  can  be  shown  from 
history  that  their  fermation  was  much  posterior  that  event. 


8 

Nov.  21.  The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  President,  in  the  chair. 

The  Rev.  J.  E.  fi.  Mayor  exhibited  and  described  the  contents  of  the 
''Archdeacon's  Book/'  a  manuscript  preserved  at  Gonville  and  Gains  College* 
It  is  a  register  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely  between  the  yean  1300  and  1360,  and 
has  appended  to  it  a  similar  register  kept  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  The 
whole  of  these  difficult  manuscripts  has  been  deciphered  and  transcribed 
by  Mr  T.  Bendyshe/  assisted  by  Mr  H.  Bradshaw,  both  fellows  of  King's 
College,  and  members  of  this  Society.  It  is  hoped  that  means  may  be  found 
for  the  publication  of  these  yaluable  records. 

Mr  C.  H.  Cooper  exhibited  a  fully  annotated  copy  of  Godwin's  Catalogue 
of  Bishops,  1615,  the  property  of  the  Rev.  S.  Clarke  of  Bredwardine  in  Here- 
fordshire. It  formerly  belonged  to  T.  Baker  the  celebrated  antiquaiy  and 
fellow  of  St  John's  College. 

Feb.  20,  1865.     The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  President,  in  the 
chair. 

The  Rev.  H.  E.  Kerrich  exhibited  letters  testimonial  of  the  degree  of 
M.A.  dated  July  6, 1653,  granted  to  Robert  Rogerson  of  Caius  College  by  the 
University,  Oliver  St  John  being  Chancellor.  A  fine  impressien  of  the 
University  seal  is  appended. 

Also,  an  inventory  of  the  goods  and  chattels  of  John  Foord  of  Upton  Chey- 
ney  in  Gloucestershire,  husbandman,  dated  18  April,  1627,  amounting  to 
;£212.  Qs.Od. 

Mr  C.  H.  Cooper  read  a  letter  received  from  E.  Peacock,  Esq.  F.S.A., 
inclosing  the  following  extract  from  the  accounts  of  the  Churchwardens  of 
Leverton,  Lincolnshire,  in  the  year  1573: 

"Item  given  to  Owyn  Williams,  proctor  for  the  poor  home  of  Jesus  in 
Cambridge,  virf." 

He  also  mentioned  other  entries  in  the  accounts  of  the  same  parish 
(Thompson's  HUtory  of  Boston)  relating  to  small  sums  given  for  the  relief  of 
poor  scholars  at  Cambridge  and  Oxford  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

The  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor  read  extracts  from  "Burmanni  Itineris  Angli- 
cana  Acta  Diuma,"  published  at  Amsterdam  in  1828,  and  giving  an  account 
of  the  visit  of  Frauds  Burmann  to  England  in  1702.  It  took  from  5  a jm.  to 
8  P.M.  to  travel  from  London  to  Cambridge.  He  states  that  nearly  all  who 
dined  at  Trinity  College  at  Commencement,  July  18  (N.S.),  used  square 
wooden  trenchers.    The  morning  chapel  service  was  then  at  6  o'clock. 

Mr  Mayor  also  exhibited  a  small  marble  lion  found  near  Jerusalem  by 
Dr  Pierotti.    It  was  of  Herodian  work  and  well  executed. 


March  6.     The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  President,  in  the  chair. 

The  Rey.  J.  JS.  B.  Mayor  gave  an  accoimt  of  the  Dutch  Reoorda  preserv- 
ed at  the  Hague,  and  read  extracts  from  them  relating  to  Englishmen  he- 
t:ween  the  years  1587  and  1645.  A  hope  was  expressed  that  as  the  Master  of 
the  Rolls  had  had  a  Calendar  made  of  the  Venetian  Records,  as  fiir  as  they 
relate  to  England,  he  would  have  the  same  good  work  done  for  those  of  Hol- 
land, which  are  rich  in  notices  of  English  affairs. 

May  8.     The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  President,  in  the  chair. 

Mr  C.  H.  Cooper  made  some  remarks  upon  the  Ufe  of  Robert  Hare  the 
donor  of  three  most  Taluable  manuscript  collections  of  the  records  of  the  Uni- 
Terdty  to  the  office  of  the  Registraiy  in  the  year  1589.  They  consist  of  two, 
three,  andfour  volumes  respectively,  and  the  latter  is  thought  to  have  originally 
consisted  of  five  volumes.  Their  contents  relate  to  the  history  of  the  Univer- 
sity and  of  the  town  of  Cambridge  from  the  earliest  period  to  1589.  He  was 
matriculated  as  a  Fellow-Commoner  of  Gonville  Hall  in  1545,  and  died  in 
1611  at  the  age  of  probably  81  years.  He  was  the  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Hare, 
Master  of  the  Rolls.  He  bore  a  banner  at  the  funeral  of  Anne  of  Cleves; 
was  in  the  service  of  the  Marquess  of  Winchester,  the  clerk  of  the  RoUs  at 
the  close  of  Mary's  reign ;  and  lived  at  Shoreditch  at  the  end  of  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth.  He  wrote  a  treatise  upon  militaiy  discipline.  He  was  a  staunch 
Roman  CathoUc.  He  left  by  will  the  sum  of  ^£600  to  Trinity  Hall  in  aid  of 
the  fund  for  Highway  repairs.  More  detiuls  concerning  him  will  be  given 
in  the  Athena  CantabriffieMes^  VoL  ni.  which  is  now  in  the  press. 

The  Rev.  J.  £.  B.  Mayor  exhibited  and  commented  upon  the  contents  of 
a  Letter-book  of  St  John's  College.  He  stated  that  a  series  of  copies  of  the 
bunnesB  letters  of  and  to  the  college  from  its  foundation  until  1670  was  pre- 
served in  the  Muniment  Room.  Until  that  date  an  officer  was  appointed 
from  amongst  the  Fellows  to  transcribe  all  such  letters  into  books  provided 
for  the  purpose,  but  unfortunately  the  office  was  then  discontinued. 

Mr  James  Carter  exhibited  a  "  wool  *'  weight  belonging  to  the  Saffiron 
Walden  Museum  very  similar  to  two  which  were  obtained  some  years  since 
for  the  Museum  of  our  Society.  See  Arcfusol  Joum,  xvii.  165.  This  is 
of  later  date  and  has  been  referred  to  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary.  The 
Royal  arms  are  marshalled,  1.  England,  2.  Scotland,  3.  Ireland^  4.  France. 

He  also  exhibited  a  holed-stone,  nearly  circular,  3  inches  in  diameter 
and  1  inch  thick,  found  by  the  Ferry  Path  at  Chesterton,  in  the  gravel, 
with  the  remains  of  a  child.  The  hole  is  not  cylindrical,  but  bevilled  on 
each  side  as  is  usual  with  the  perforations  made  by  the  ancient  Britons. 
Such  stones  are  supposed  to  have  been  used  as  sinkers  for  nets. 


10 

Mr  Carter  likewise  exhibited  a  fine  bronze  fibula  found  near  the  Gas- 
works at  Cambridge  in  company  with  broken  Roman  potteiy. 

May  22.     The  Rev.  H.   R.  Luard,   President,  in  the  chair. 

Tlus  being  the  Annual  General  Meeting,  the  Treasurer  gave  an  account 
of  the  financial  condition  of  the  Society :  the  officers  for  the  ensuing  year 
were  elected  and  also  the  new  members  of  the  Council. 

Mr  C.  H.  Cooper  directed  attention  to  the  existence  in  the  register  of 
the  Scholars  of  Clare  Hall  of  the  name  of  Walter  and  William  Calreriy. 
The  former  murdered  his  wife  and  two  of  his  children  in  1605,  and  refusing 
to  plead,  was  pressed  to  death,  and  thus  saved  his  estate  for  his  third  son. 
A  tragedy  founded  upon  this  evoit  was  published  with  the  name  of 
Shakespeare  as  its  author. 

The  President  read  inventories  of  the  church  furniture,  &c  of 
Fumeaux  Pelham  and  Brent  Pelham  in  Hertfordshire,  a.  d.  12d7,  which 
are  preserved  in  the  treasuiy  of  St  Paul's  Cathedral,  London. 

The  Rev.  G.  W.  Searle  exhibited  some  third  brass  coins  of  Constantine 
the  great,  bearing  similar  reverses  with  the  exception  that  one  of  them  bora 
a  cross  upon  the  altar  which  was  wanting  on  the  others. 


11 


PRESENTS  AND  PURCHASES.     1864-1865. 


Sussex  Archseolo^cal  Collections.  Vol.  XVI.  From  the 
Sussex  Archwdogicdl  Society, 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London. 
Ser.  2.     Vol.  II.  Nos  1—6.     From  the  Society. 

Original  Papers  of  the  Norfolk  Archaeological  Society. 
Vol.  VI.  Pt.  4.     From  the  Society. 

Proceedings  of  the  Kilkenny  Archaeological  Society.  Nos. 
43  and  45.     From  the  Society. 

Transactions  of  the  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire.     Vol.  XV.     Fnm  the  Society. 

Seventeenth  Century  tokens  issued  at  Cambridge.  From  Mr 
C.  jET.  Cooper. 

A  Bronze  Palstave  from  Feltwell  and  a  pierced  piece  of 
chalk  from  Icklingham.  From  Mr  C.  M.  Doughty,  of  Doteniny 
College. 

A  Bronze  Palstave  found  near  Chesterton. 

A  very  early  Earthenware  vessel  found  in  the  fen  near 
Homingsey. 

A  leafshaped  bronze  sword  found  in  Soham  Fen. 

A  Roman  Bronze  statuette  found  at  Bradfield  near  Bury 
St  Edmunds. 

A  piece  of  horse  furniture  found  near  Exning. 

Six  bronze  Buckles  found  at  Cambridge  (2),  Exning  (2), 
Soham,  and  Burwell. 

A  Black  Jack  obtained  at  the  disposal  of  the  contents  of 
an  old  residence  in  the  Isle  of  Wight. 


12 


LAWS. 


I. — That  the  Society  be  for  the  encouragement  of  the  study 
of  History,  Architecture,  and  Antiquities;  and  that  such  Society 
be  called  ^'  The  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society.'*^ 

II. — That  the  object  of  the  Society  be  to  collect  and  to  print 
information  relative  to  the  aboye-mentioned  subjects. 

III. — That  the  subscription  of  each  Member  of  the  Society 
be  One  Guinea  annually;  such  subscription  to  be  due  on  the 
first  day  of  January  in  each  year :  on  the  payment  of  which  he 
shall  become  entitled  to  all  the  Publications  of  the  Society,  during 
the  current  year. 

lY . — That  any  person  who  is  desirous  of  becoming  a  Member 
of  the  Society,  be  proposed  by  two  Members,  at  any  of  the 
ordinary  Meetings  of  the  Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next 
Meeting :  but  all  Noblemen,  Bishops,  and  Heads  of  Colleges 
shall  be  balloted  for  at  the  Meeting  at  which  they  are  proposed.  '^ 

V. — That  the  management  of  the  aflBiirs  of  the  Society  be 
vested  in  a  Council,  consisting  of  a  President,  (who  shall  not  be 
eligible  for  that  office  for  more  than  two  successive  years,)  a 
Treasurer,  a  Secretary,  and  not  more  than  twelve  nor  less  than 
seven  other  Members,  to  be  elected  from  amongst  the  Members 
of  the  Society  who  are  graduates  of  the  University.  Each  Mem- 
ber of  the  Council  shall  have  due  notice  of  the  Meetings  of  that 
body,  at  which  not  less  than  five  shall  constitute  a  quorum. 


13 

VI. — ^That  the  President,  Treasurer,  and  Sectetaiy,  and  at 
least  three  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council,  shall  be  elected 
annually  by  ballot,  at  a  General  Meeting  to  be  held  in  the  month 
of  May ;  the  three  senior  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council  to 
retire  annually. 

YII. — That  no  Member  be  entitled  to  vote  at  any  Qeneral 
Meeting  whose  subscription  is  in  arrear. 

VIII. — That,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  the  Council  at 
their  Meetings  shall  elect  a  Chairman,  such  Chairman  haying  a 
casting-vote  in  case  of  equality  of  numbers,  and  retaining  also  his 
right  to  vote  upon  all  questions  submitted  to  the  Council. 

IX. — That  the  accounts  of  the  receipts  and  expenditure  of 
the  Society  be  audited  annually  by  two  auditors,  to  be  elected  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting;  and  that  an  abstract  of  such 
accounts  be  printed  for  the  use  of  the  Members. 

X. — ^That  the  object  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the  Society  be, 
to  read  communications,  acknowledge  presents,  and  transact  mis- 
oeDaaeous  business. 

XI. — ^That  the  Meetings  of  i^te  Society  take  place  once  at 
least  during  each  term :  and  that  the  place  of  meeting  and  all  oAer 
arrangements,  not  specified  in  the  Laws,  be  left  to  the  discretion 
of  the  Council. 

XII. — That  any  Member  be  allowed  to  compound  for  his 
futmre  subscriptions  by  one  payment  of  Ten  Quimas. 

XIII. — That  Members  of  tie  Society  be  allowed  to  propose 
Honorary  Members,  provided  that  no  person  so  proposed  be  either 
readent  within  the  County  of  Cambridge,  or  a  member  of  the 
University. 


14 

XIV.— That  Honorary  Members  be  proposed  by  at  least  two 
Members  of  the  Society,  at  any  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the 
Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next  Meeting. 

XV. — That  nothing  shall  be  published  by  the  Society,  which 
has  not  been  previously  approved  by  the  Council,  nor  without  the 
author^s  name  being  appended  to  it. 

XVI. — That  no  alteration  be  made  in  these  Laws,  except  at 
the  Annual  Greneral  Meeting  or  at  a  Special  General  Meeting 
called  for  that  purpose,  of  which  at  least  one  week'^s  notice  shall 
be  given  to  all  the  Members;  and  that  one  month^s  notice  of 
any  proposed  alteration  be  communicated,  in  writing,  to  the 
Secretary^  in  order  that  he  may  make  the  same  known  to  all  the 
Members  of  the  Society. 


It  is  requested  that  all  Communications  intended  for  the 
Sooieiy^  and  the  names  of  Candidates  for  admission^  be  for- 
warded  to  the  Secretary^  or  to  the  Treasurer. 

Subscriptions  received  by  the  Treasurer,  or  by  his  Bankers, 
Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cambridge ;  or  at  the  Bank  of  Messrs 
Smith,  Payne,  and  Smith,  London,  ^'  To  the  Cambridge  Anti- 
quarian  Society^s  account  with  Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cam- 
bridge.'' 


CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  COMMUNICATIONS 


BEING 


PAPERS  PRESENTED  AT  THE  MEETINGS 


OF  TH£ 


Camf)i:%e  Antiquarian  Sbotitt^. 


No.  XV 

BEING  THB  FERST  No.  OF  THE  THIBD  YOLUMK 


CAMBRIDGE  : 

PBI5TED   BY  a   J.  CLAY,  M.A. 

AT  THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS. 


M.DCCC.LXV. 


/ 


I.  Materials  fob  the  Life  of  Thos.  Morton,  Bishop 
OF  Durham.  Communicated  by  John  £.  B.  Mayor, 
M.A.,  St  John's  College. 


Bead  Dec.  5,  1859. 

§  i.    AMiOwnJlMi  far  MortwCt  life. 

Of  Bishop  Morton,  beside  the  two  lives  published  shortly 
after  his  death,  there  are  accounts  in  the  Biographia  Britannica  ; 
the  General  Dictionary  of  Birch  and  Bernard ;  Ghahners*  and 
Besets  Biogr.  Diet, ;  Lloyd^s  Memoires^  pp.  436 — 446 ;  Life  of 
Dean  Barwich  (see  the  index) ;  Walton^s  Life  of  Donne  (Words- 
worth, Eccl  Biogr.  [ed.  3],  iii.  634  seq.) ;  Fuller's  Worthies,  (8^» 
ed.),  iii.  465  (he  offered  to  take  FuUer  into  his  house  during  the 
troubles) ;  Nichols'  Leieestersh.  ii.  53,  382 ;  Surtees'  Durham^ 
Vol.  i.  pp.  xci.  seq. ;  Ormeiod's  Cheshire,  i,  76,  146 ;  Index  to 
Bramhall's  Works;  Walker's  Sufferings,  &c.  pt.  ii.  p.  17;  his 
epitapb  in  Le  Neve's  Monvm.  AngUe.  iv.  68.  In  Prynne's  Can- 
terhwrie's  DoomSy  p.  230,  is  a  letter  from  Joseph  Hall  to  Laud 
(Oct.  12,  1639)  in  which  Morton  and  Davenaut  as  the  most 
eminent  English  bishops,  are  ranked  with  Ussher,  Bedell,  and 
Henry  Leslie,  of  the  Irish  church.  Their  sentence,  with  those 
of  some  chosen  doctors  in  the  universities,  and  some  Scotch 
bishops  and  doctors,  in  favour  of  episcopacy,  would  (Hall  thought) 
**  give  great  contentment  to  the  world,  and  carry  in  it  a  strong 

1 


rebuke  of  the  Aversaries.^  His  opinion  on  toleration  is  stated 
in  two  papers  printed  in  Gary^s  Memorials^  i.  335 — 337.  See  too 
his  letters  to  Sir  C.  Egerton,  1630—1631  (^dd.  MS.  6672,  p, 
453;  the  story  of  his  detecting  the  Bilson  boy,  ibid.  5724,  fol.  54) ; 
letters  to  Fairfax  (MS.  Birch  4274,  Arts.  42  and  54) ;  a  notice 
by  Eennett  in  MS.  Lansd.  985,  art.  82;  Lipscomb^s  BuckSy  i. 
160,  151. 

In  Baker  8  MS.  xxiv.  811  is  the  grace  (Mar.  4. 1612-^) 
for  his  admission  to  the  degree  of  B.D.  Two  of  his  letters  are 
in  Addit.  MS.  12,  496 ;  others  in  MS.  Birch.  4274,  art.  66 ; 
and  several  papers  in  the  other  MSS.  catalogued  by  Ayscough 
(see  Ind.  to  that  Catalogue).  A  letter  to  lord  Fairfax  (Durham, 
Oct.  1635)  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  for  June  1810,  p.  520. 

The  following  notes  from  the  state  papers  are  taken  from  the 
recently  published  calendars. 

Nov.  7, 16109.    Grant  to  Morton  of  the  deanery  of  Winchester. 

)ec.  11.  1609.    Regrant  of  the  same. 

Jan.  8.  16f^.  Patent  appointing  Dr  Richard  Field  dean  of  Gloucester, 
upon  Morton's  resignaAlon. 

May  18. 1616.  Chamberlain  to  Carleton*  Morton  elected  bishop  of 
Chester. 

July  7. 1616.  Distribution  of  £4,  to  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury's  ser- 
vants at  Morton's  consecration. 

July  16.  1616.    Restitution  of  temporalitieB  to  Morton. 

Sept.  28. 1616.  Earl  of  Derby  and  mayor  of  Chester  think  that  John 
Wakefield  has  been  wrongfully  molested  by  the  bishop's  messengers. 

Nov.  20.  1621.  Commission  to  Morton,  with  others,  to  grant  a  dispensation 
to  archbishop  Abbot,  for  the  death  of  Peter  Hawkins. 

Jan.  20. 162|.  Distribution  of  30».  to  the  archbishop's  servants  by  Morton 
bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry. 

May  17.  1623.  Sec.  Conway  to  Morton.  Lord  Gerard  having  left  by  will 
his  two  choicest  horses  to  the  prince,  his  majesty  requests  the  bishop, 
who  has  taken  the  best  horse  as  a  heriot,  to  give  it  up  to  the  prince's 
rider,  after  which  the  bishop  can  take  the  best  that  remains. 

May  26.  1623.  Morton  to  Conway.  Intended  to  present  to  the  prince 
Lord  Gerard's  best  horse,  Captain,  but  wishes  it  to  be  understood  that 
it  belongs  of  right  to  him,  and  was  so  acknowledged  by  the  late  lord, 
and  to  be  accepted  as  a  present  from  him. 


A  ^ 


3 

May  31. 1623.  Conway  to  Morton.  The  king  wishes,  the  horse  to  be  for- 
warded immediately^  as  the  prince's  retom  approaches. 

June  9. 1623.  Morton  to  Conway.  Wishes  for  leave  for  Sir  Thos.  Savage 
to  present  the  horse  to  the  prince  in  his  nama 

Jnne  20. 1623.  Conway  to  Morton.  The  king  gradonsly  accepts  the  horse 
on  behalf  of  the  prince. 

Sept  1623  (p.  85).  Morton  to  Conway.  Has  yielded  to  Dr  Baloonqnall's 
suit  for  the  reversion  of  a  prebend.  The  happy  approach  of  the  prince 
being  mmonred,  begs  him  to  remind  the  king  of  his  promise  about  the 
horse  Captain.  Is  ready  to  attend  in  person  to  congratulate  the  prince's 
return. 

Oct.  16. 1623.  Conway  to  Morton.  Thanks  for  &vour  to  BalconqualL  The 
king  and  prince  accept  gratefully  his  affection  in  presenting  the  prince 
with  ahorse. 

Jan.  16. 162f.  Eccleshall.  Morton  to  the  coundL  Has  searched  the 
e.  of  Shrewsbury's  house,  Pepperhill,  but  found  therein  nothing  but 
vacuum,  not  only  of  armour,  but  almost  of  all  furniture  necessary  for 
such  a  house. 

liay  26. 1626.  Morton  to  Conway.  His  nuges^  having  granted  Nuneaton 
vicarage  to  Mr  Hawkshurst,  son  to  his  majesty's  grandfather's  school- 
master, a  caveat  had  been  entered  on  behalf  of  somebody  else.  Entreats 
Conway  to  further  the  presentation  to  the  poor  prophet  of  God,  who 
had  spent  many  years  in  his  function  fSuthfully. 

JuL  22.  1627.  Morton  to  the  council  No  proof  obtained  against  John 
Haynes  on  the  point  of  fornication,  but  he  has  perverted  several  persons 
to  Roman  Catholicism  in  the  prison  where  he  is  confined,  and  said  mass 
in  the  house  where  he  was  apprehended. 

Dec.  &  1627.  Morton  to  Conway.  Recommends  Jefiray,  late  chaplain  to 
lord  Forfar  ambassador  in  Spain,  for  a  benefice  likely  to  lapse  to  the 
king  by  simony. 

Dec  9.  1627.  William  Jefiray  to  William  Weld,  Conway's  secretary. 
Whitwell  rectory,  co.  Derby,  likely  to  be  void  by  reason  of  simony  in  the 
incumbent  Morton  has  procured  it  from  the  Lord  Keeper,  but  as  it 
exceeds  £20,  and  so  is  in  the  king's  own  gift,  Jeffray  begs  Weld  io 
move  Conway  in  his  behalf. 

Feb.  20.  16|^.    Anonymous  letter  to  Laud,  threatening  Laud  and  Neile. 
,*<  If  Salisbury,  Coventry  [t.d.  Morton],  or  sudi  like  as  Leighton,  do  but 
cross  their  way,  by  a  sermon  or  book,  they  send  for  him,  and  give  him  or 
them  a  pOl,  and  stop  his  passage." 

1—2 


May  1. 1630.  Morton  to  the  bailiffii  [of  Lichfield  ?]  Respecting  certain 
evidences  concerning  the  chnrch  and  bishopric  of  Lichfield  in  a  chest  in 
St  Mary's  Church. 

Nov.  28. 1630.  Morton  to  Dorchester.  In  behalf  of  Sir  Chas.  Vavasour, 
who  has  been  commended  to  him  by  a  royal  mouth.  He  is  the  true  son 
of  his  worthy  father. 

June  21.  1632.  Morton  to  Dr  Buggs.  Haa  received  a  petition  from  the 
mayor  and  others  of  Coventry,  setting  forth  that  they  *ape  a  great 
people,  and  have  but  one  vicar',  and  intreating  the  bishop  that  they  may 
choose  an  able  minister  to  be  approved  by  Uie  ordinary  to  preach  two 
sermons  every  week  in  St  Michael's  church,  at  their  chaise.  This 
seems  so  equal,  religious  and  Christian  a  request  of  devout  minds,  that 
the  bishop  moves  Dr  Buggs  to  yield  to  it  or  give  good  reason  for  refusal, 
otherwise  he  must  by  some  public  instrument  establish  it.  It  is  doubted 
by  some  that  Buggs  means  to  take  some  privilege  from  his  doctorship 
to  remit  his  former  pains  in  preaching.  He  will  do  well  to  bind  himself 
not  to  do  so  in  verbo  sacerdotis,    [See  below,  p.  14.] 

June  25.  1632.  Propositions  of  the  mayor  and  others  of  Coventry  to  Dr 
Samuel  Buggs,  respecting  their  appointment  of  a  learned  and  conform- 
able preacher  to  preach  two  sermons  every  week  in  St  Michael's. 

July  10.  1632.  Nicholas  to  capt  John  Pennington.  Morton  last  week 
translated  to  Durham. 

Apr.  1633 (?  p.  39  seq).  James  Martin  to  Windebank.  Morton  told  him 
that  Gee*8  book  against  the  papists  '*  was  wholly  in  effect  written  by 
Dr  Good,  to  whom  Gee  brought  but  some  baskets  of  rubbish.** 

Oct  21.  1633.  Morton  and  others  to  the  Council.  Report  on  the  com- 
plaint against  Edward  Moore,  of  Berwick,  for  riot. 

Jan.  24.  16:f.  Sir  Thos.  Roe  to  Morton.  John  Dune,  employed  in  Ger- 
many for  the  reconciliation  of  the  Lutheran  and  Calvinist  dmrches,  has 
come  home  with  many  letters  to  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  signifying 
the  desire  of  the  Germans,  and  imploring  his  majesty's  assistance  as 
mediator.  Now  it  depends  upon  what  we  will  do  here.  Fears  we  shall 
rather  quit  it  with  shame  than  prosecute  it  with  zeal.  The  archbishop 
has  promibed  to  assist,  but  he  is  so  cautelous,  and  refers  to  his  nugeety, 
that  it  is  a  doubt  it  will  perish  by  being  in  hands  so  great  that  cannot 
intend  it  It  might  be  done  if  Durie  were  sent  back  with  anawers 
avowed  by  his  majesty.  If  nothing  can  be  obtained  at  court,  he  shall 
return  upon  private  maintenance,  wherein  the  bishop  promised  to  con- 
tribute by  himself  and  friends.  It  has  already  cost  £400,  and  they 
must  seek  help  of  good  men.  Sends  abstract  of  Durie's  negotiation,  to 
May  last 

March  27. 1634.    John  Dorie  to  Sir  Thos.  Roe.    Entreats  him  to  move 


Morton  not  to  defer  the  communication  of  his  judgement  on  the  confer* 
enoe  sent  to  him. 

May  24. 1634.  Morton  in  the  name  of  the  commissioners  for  causes  ecde- 
nastical  in  Durham  diocese  to  Windebank.  Accoimt  of  the  process 
against  Robert  Brandling  for  adultery,  incest  and  impious  profanations, 
especially  in  Tiliiying  tlie  order  of  ministors  and  using  Tiolence  against 
their  persons.  Beg  a  proportion  of  the  fine  [of  ;^4o00  or  £5000]  in  pio$ 
U8US,  which  the  desperato  condition  of  divers  churches  in  Northumber- 
land and  other  spiritual  occasions  do  beg  of  his  majesty. 

[See  on  this  case  and  on  Morton'^s  share  in  the  proceedings  of 
the  High  Commission  The  Acts  of  the  High  Commission  Court 
foUkin  the  Diocese  of  Durham^  S'®.  Durh.  1858  (Surtees  Soc), 
Index  art.  Brandling^  Morion,'] 

June  1. 1634.  Durie  to  Sir  Thos.  Roe.  If  the  bishops  of  Durham  and 
Salisbuzy,  Dr  Prideaux  and  Dr  Ward,  perform  their  duty,  he  makes  no 
doubt  he  shall  be  able  to  improre  it  to  their  credit  and  the  good  of  the 
cause. 

June  22. 1634.  Same  to  the  same.  Boe*s  last  letter  full  of  encourage- 
ments^  accompanied  with  the  double  talent  which  Morton  has  con- 
tributed, has  refreshed  Durie's  spirit. 

June  28.  1634.    Same  to  same.    Has  written  to  thank  Morton  for  j^20. 

[One  fruit  of  Durie^s  efforts  may  be  seen  in  De  Pace  inter 
JSnangelieotP.proeuranda  sententice  quatuor:  quarum  tree  a  Beve- 

(Tho.  Dunelmensi. 
Jo,  Sarisburiensi. 
Jos.  Exoniensi. 
Ultima  ah  eximiis   quibusdam  in  GraUia  Theologis  conscripta 
ea.    Ihi€Ktwpridem/im'u^JoawniI)urafo...Lond.l63S,    18°«^.] 

[Julyfj  1634,  pp.  170,  171.  Several  papers  relating  to  a  lease  of  coal- 
mines. 

Jan.  31.  163|.  Award  of  archbishop  Laud  about  dilapidations  of  the 
houses  and  castles  of  the  see  of  Durham. 

[Job.  Mead  to  Sir  Martin  Stuteville,  Carabr.  June  23.  1621, 
in  Birch's  Court  and  times  of  James  I.  ii.  260  sq.  "Since  the 
beginning  of  this  week  we  have  had  general  reports  from  London 
. . .  that  my  lord*  of  Oantorbury,  and  Dr.  Morton,  bishop  of  Coven. 


try  and  Litchfield,  were  like  to  be  (some  said  already  were)  con- 
fined ...  He  [a  later  informant]  was  certain,  as  yet,  there  was  no 
such  thing  concerning  Canterbury  and  Litchfield,  the  latter  of 
whom,  being  his  kinsman,  he  went  unto,  and  found  he  had  heard 
of  such  a  report,  but  seemed  to  him  not  to  fear  any  such  matter 
and  thereupon  went  to  the  court  at  Wanstead,  to  show  himself.^ 

Same  to  same.  4  Mar.  162f .  (Birches  C(mri  and  Times  of 
Charles  I,  I  86) :  **  There  hath  been  in  the  two  former  weeks,  on 
two  designed  days,  a  conference  about  the  points  of  predestination, 
falling  from  grace,  liberty  of  the  will,  in  Montagu'^s  book.  On 
the  one  side  was  Bishop  Morton  and  our  Dr.  Preston.^ 

Same  to  same,  20  May  1 631  {ibid.  ii.  119).  Morton  one  of 
eight  bishops  who  sentenced  Sir  Giles  Allington  to  the  monstrous 
fine  of  £12,000. 

St  Johns's  college  register. 
Admissio  discipulorum  anno  Domini  1584. 
Ego  Thomas  Morton  Eboracensis  admissus  sum  discipulus 
pro  Magistro  Constable. 


Admissio  sociorum  anno  Domini  1592[-3]  Martij  17. 
Ego  Thomas  Morton  Eboracensis  admissus  sum  socius  hujus 
CoUegij  pro  Domino  Doctore  Eeyton. 

His  name  does  not  occur  among  the  college  officers.] 

§  ii.    His  intercmMTse  mth  Hugh  Broughtony  A.D.  1602. 

In  1602,  when  chaplain  to  Balph  lord  Eure,  he  fell  in  with 
Hugh  Broughton  in  Germany. 

*^  Mr.  Broughton  In  his  Explication  qfths  Apocafypse  speaketh  of  some 
Passages  betwixt  himself  and  some  Jesuits  at  the  Towns  end  of  Msntz; 
and,  among  other  things,  saith  thus;  Upon  this  tte  turned  to  Read  the 
Proselytes  Letter;  for  whose  Testimony  I  might  have  had  a  Cardinal- 
ship  Principal  qf  Rome,  one  Mr,  Morton  ({/'Yorkshire  desired  ms  to  go  to 
Mentz  with  him,  to  hear  what  they  said  qf  it;  where ^me  qf  them  took 
occasion  (as  they  were  speaking  about  Cardinals)  to  ask,  what  mine  would 


hace  been  worth  f  The  Other  answered,  About  eighteen  thaueand  French 
Orowng.  This  Mr.  Murton,  however  then  written,  was  no  other  than  he 
who  afterwards  was  B.  Moreton,  first  of  Chester,  then  of  Coventry  and 
Lirhjield,  and  lastly  of  Durham,  He  would  tell  how  he  was  with 
Mr.  Broughton  in  Germany ,  and  was  continually  proposing  some  thing  or 
other  to  him,  wherein  he  desired  to  he  resoly.ed :  And  when  he  understood 
not  some  of  his  Answers,  but  required  farther  Explication,  Mr.  Broughton 
would  be  angiy,  and  call  him  DuUard,  and  Unlearned,  and  such  like 
Names ;  whereupon  Dr.  Moreton  took  up  this  Custom,  that,  when  he  came 
to  propose  any  Doubt  to  him,  he  would  pleasantly  say ;  /  pray  you,  what- 
soever Dolts  and  DoUards  I  am  to  be  called,  call  me  so  b^ore  we  begin j 
that  your  Discourse  and  mine  Attention  be  not  interrupted  thereby.  And 
Mr.  Broughton  took  it  as  pleasantly  from  him." — Life  of  Hugh  Broughton 
in  Sam.  darkens  Lives  qf  Eminent  Persons  (1683),  pp.  5,  6.  One  of  Mor- 
ton's Jesuit  friends  at  Mentz  was  Mulhusinius  (Morton's  Life,  York  1669 
pp.  11—13). 

§  iii.    Morton  and  Basire. 

Among  the  deserving  scholais  brought  forward  by  our  bishop 
was  Isaac  Basire,  whose  subsequent  missionary  life  in  the  East 
and  in  Transilvania  was  marked  by  the  most  romantic  adventures. 
(See  the  Correspondence  of  Isaac  Basire,  edited  by  Darnell, 
1831,  8^,  and  WorthingtwCe  Diary,  i.  320  seq.)  In  a  letter 
from  Basire  to  Petrus  Cunaeus  {Petri  Cunaei  Epistolae,  ed.  Pet. 
Burmann.  Lugd.  Bat.  1732,  %"%  pp.  384,  385)  he  begs  him  to 
write  to  Morton,  and  to  mention  Gasaubon'^s  monument. 

**  Scilicet,  qua  est  in  Reip.  Literariae  proceres  pietate  singulari,  monu- 
mentum  illustre  marmoreum  divinae  magni  Casauboni  memoriae  extruxit 
nudius  tertiuB,  in  oeleberrimo  urbis  adeoque  Westmonasteriensis  Basilicae 
Sacrario :  Impensas  ad  summam  florenorum  sexcentorum  unus  effudit.  Hoc 
eo  praedioo,  quo  religiosam  Domini  mei  in  viros  tui  ordinis  venerationem 
perspicias :  dmulque  si  tuae  ad  eum  nondum  sunt  perscriptae,  occamonem 
inde  ut  captes  vel  domesticam:  utpote  cum  Cdsaubonum  r^  fuucapirrpf 
ffuniliarem  tibi  extitisse  persuasmn  habeam." 

This  letter  is  dated  Auckland  Castle,  Oct.  23*  1634.  The 
reply  of  Ounaeus  (pp.  388,  389)'  seems  worthy  of  being  given 
entire,  as  it  throws  new  light  upon  Pasire's  early  life  and  upon 
Morton^s  celebrity,  and  the  book  is  scarce  in  this  country. 


PBTRU8  CUNABU8 
2>.  2%omas  Mariano,  Bpueopo  Dunelmenst,  ae  Comiti  PalaHno 

a 

'' Admirabilis  est  qoaedam  in  nostra  Batavia,  Illustrissime  Praesnl, 
nomiuis  toi  veneratio,  amorque  erga  te  singularifi  omnium  eruditorom, 
propter  inusitatam  illam  sacrae  Theologiae  sdentiam,  qoam  tibi  snmma 
caeli  benjgnitate,  &  acerrima  ingeuii  Ti  obtigisse  omnes  ii  intellignnt,  qui 
lucolentissima  tna  scripta  eyolvenmt.  Certe  etsi  nullum  tibi  adjicere 
incremeutum  nostra  potest  opinio,  neque  aliqnod  virtutum  tuarum  prae- 
mium  dignum  ipsis  extra  ipsas  est,  tamen  si  delectare  magnorum  hominum 
mentes  haec  oogitatio  solet,  quod  reputent  se  profuisse  quam  plurimia, 
libens  meritoque  nomen  ego  meum  inter  eos  profiteer,  qui  permultum 
lucubrationibus  tuis  debent.  Gaeterum  qui  jam  pridem  excellentem  doc- 
trinam  tuam  admirabar,  diu  interim  yiz  credere  potui  iis,  qui  identidem 
mihi  adfirmabant  nihil  esse  te  comius,  nihilque  moderatius  ad  omnem 
rationem  humanitatis.  Memineram  enim  profecto,  id  qnod  res  est,  valde 
rarum  hoc  ac  prope  inauditum  esse  in  vestri  ordinis  prooeribos.  Nunc 
▼ero  tandem  mihi  fidem  higusce  rei  fecit  Imocus  Basirius,  qui  a  sacria 
tibi  est  Is  juvenis,  ut  in  familia  mea  ante  plures  annos  vixit,  &  ob 
Tirtutes,  animique  indolem  ac  rariarum  rerum  scientiam  cams  mihi  admo- 
dum  jucundusque  fuit,  ita  quoties  ad  me  scribit,  tuam  in  se  benefic^ntiam, 
quam  quoUdie  sentit,  praedicare  mirifice  solitus  est.  Rogo  te  etiam  atque 
etiam,  yir  summe,  ut  animum  eum  erga  hunc  retineas,  quem  habere 
ooepbti,  atque  ut  ejus  nascenti  spei,  commodisque  &  omamentis  porro 
&Teas.  Quanquam  hoc  ipsimi  magis  moris  causa,  quam  quod  ita  necesse  sit, 
fade.  Neque  eoim  fieri  potest  ut  ab  insita  atque  innata  tibi  in  omnes  bonos 
doctosque  affectione  desciscas,  aut  ut  te  ipse  retexas,  qui  doctrinae  omnis  ft 
Tirtutum  maximarum  non  fautor  modo,  sed  exemplum  es.  Equidem  relim 
ita  de  me  existimes,  nihil  mihi  in  vita  prius  aut  carius  fore,  quam  ut  tibi 
observantiam  meam,  quibuscunque  potero  modis,  significem.  Cigus  rei 
etsi  multos  habebosiye  socios,  sive  aemulos,  tamen  cupiohic,  si  quid  valebo, 
primas  tenere.  Deus  Optimus  Max.  te,  illustrissime  praesul,  diu  nobis  et 
seculo  incolumem  servet    Lugduni  Batavorum,  zy.  Julii  1635." 

Basire  also  seized  an  opportunity  for  commending  Morton 

in  his  funeral  sermon  on  Cosins  {V^U  Stab  iDAan^S  real  Sbpttcb* 

Lond.  1673,  8"*,  pp.  49,  60). 

*^  His  immediate  Predeee9sor  was  that  great  Luminary  of  our  Church 
Blessed  Thamoi  Morion^  famous  Ibr  his  Holy  Life,  solid  Learning,  and 
bountiful  works  of  Charity  and  Hospitality ;  and  for  his  manifold  learned 
Works  against  the  Adversaries  of  the  Church  of  England  on  the  right 
hand  and  on  the  left;  as  for  the  Doctrine  against  Hereticks^  so  for  the 


9 

DiBciplme,  against  the  Sdusmaticks  of  his  time,  beyond  any  Batisfaetory 
Answer  to  any  of  his  Woi^  onto  this  day :  To  whose  Memory  I  should  be 
unthankful,  if  I  should  not  acknowledge  (for  which  I  do  still  bless  God's 
providence  that  I  had  for  above  an  Apprenticeship  the  happiness  to  be 
brought  up  as  Domestick  Chaplain  at  the  feet  of  such  an  eminent  Crama- 

A  letter  of  Morton's  to  Basire  is  printed  by  Darnell,  p.  44, 
and  two  fragments,  p.  45.  They  relate  to  his  presentation  to  the 
fiving  of  Stanhope. 

In  Clarorum  Virorum  ad  Vossium  EpisklcB^  published  by 
Paul  Colomies  (with  Vossii  Eptstolas  Lond.  1690  fol.)  are  two  let- 
ters of  Basire^s. 

No.  123.  p.  81.  Durham  Palace,  Oct.  18.  1630.  ^lYostmm  hie  vitsB 
genus  gloriosum  est  pariter  et  suave:  vitam  quippe  hie  traduce  in  adspectu 
illustrissimi  Preesulis,  viri  non  minus  singulari  vitse  sanctimonia,  quam  rara 
emditLone  nobilissimi :  Ei  assum  a  sacris:  Hie  inter  Theologos  perpetuo 
inteijectus  atque  in  sacro  munere  juxta  ac  studio  totus,  cogor  amoenissima 
iUa  humanioris  literatur»  oblectamenta  omittere,  ne  dicam  abjurare." 

No.  205.  p.  132.  Auckland  Castle,  Aug.  26.  1634.  The  learned  here 
are  calling  aloud  for  something  new  from  your  pen.  "Convive  illustris- 
simo  Prsesuli  D.  Thomse  Mortono,  Antistiti  Dunelmensi,  cigus  Apologia 
Catliolica,  Causa  item  Regia  adversus  Rob.  BelL  de  Officio  Principis 
Latino  extant.  Is  me  sibi  a  sacris  adoptavit,  abhinc  quinquennium ; 
qui  ut  est  rara  emditione,  ita  tua,  quibus  coUustraris,  scripta  apud  se 
babet" 


§  iv.    Morton  and  Casaubon. 

In  I&  Casauboni  EpistolcB  (ed.  Almeloveen,  Roterod.  1709 
fol.)  the  following  are  addressed  to  Morton  when  dean  of  Win- 
chester, under  bishop  Bilson. 

No.  735.  p.  418.  London,  July  18.  1611.  Wishes  that  he  could  enjoy 
the  pleasure  of  his  company.  Has  finished  his  book  on  the  Plot  (letter  to 
Fronto  Ducseus) ;  Andrewes  having  lent  him  the  services  of  his  amanuensis 
to  make  a  &ir  copy  for  the  king.  Though  his  friends  dissuade  the  publica- 
tion, ^  quia  Luteti»  sunt  uxor,  liberi,  hoc  est,  omnes  opes  mese,*'  still  at 
the  king's  bidding,  confident  in  the  goodness  of  his  cause,  he  is  ready  to  go 
to  press.  If  there  is  time,  he  will  have  another  copy  made  for  Morton's  use, 
and  hopes  to  profit  by  his  criticisms.  Expresses  great  reverence  for  bishop 


10 

Bilson.  ''  Non  ease  te  otioBum  in  illo  tuo  otio  honesto,  certo  scio.  Quid 
igitur  moliarifl,  scire  aveo." 

No.  1048.  p.  610.  London,  Oct  18.  1611.  Complains  of  his  silence.  Has 
been  spending  nearly  two  months  with  bishop  Andrewes.  On  his  return 
was  rejoined  by  wife  and  children,  ^'venit  &  Bibliothecse  pars  non  con- 
tomnenda."  Sends  a  copy  of  his  letter  to  Fronto,  which  the  king  had  com- 
mended highly ;  still  waits  for  the  censure  of  the  diYines.  Has  sent  a 
second  copy  for  bishop  Bilson. 

No.  751.  p.  436.  London,  Oct  31.  1611.  Hopes  that  he  has  now  re- 
ceived his  former  letter  and  the  books.  Begs  for  unreserved  criticism. 
Does  not  look  for  any  reward  from  Bilson,  but  is  content  to  have  won  the 
good  will  of  so  great  a  man.  ^*  Vale,  amicorum  suavissime  atque  int^er- 
rime.    Uxor,  tuee  singularis  humanitatis  memor,  te  ex  animo  salutat*' 

No.  1050.  p.  610.  London.  Second  day  of  the  new  year,  1612.  Is 
happy  to  learn  that  his  book  is  approved.  In  France  the  better  sort  of 
Romanists  so  admire  it,  that  it  has  been  three  times  reprinted  in  Paris,  and 
has  damaged  the  Jesuit  party.  Jesuits  have  sustained  a  severe  defeat  at 
the  hands  of  the  Sorbonne.  The  author  of  a  treasonable  book  which  Casau- 
bon  saw  in  the  king  s  hands  when  introduced  at  court  by  Morton,  has  been 
hung  at  Rome.  Thanks  for  presents^.  Is  engaged  by  the  king's  command, 
on  an  answer  to  one  '^Peleterius,  homo  imperitissimus,  atheus  vappa,"  which 
he  will  shortly  send.  "  Id  erit  levidense  avriBiopov  pro  tuis  muneribus,  pro 
quibus  ut  serio  tibi  gratias  agam  uxor  rogavit  Ilia  si  satis  valuisset,  Epi- 
stolee  tasd  respondisset  pari  fortasse  dicendi  copia."  Sends  greeting  to 
Richard  Baddeley'. 

No.  787.  p.  456.  London,  Apr.  7.  1612.  Sends  a  book  which  he  has 
published.  '*  Non  enim  patiar,  ut  meorum  quicquam  ignores :  eam  habeo 
fiduciam  de  tua  erga  me  benevolentia,  quam  tot  ai^gumentis  dedarastL" 

No.  802.  London,  May  15. 1612.  Is  happy  to  read  Morton's  approval 
of  his  late  writings.  Is  girding  himself  for  a  struggle  with  Baronius.  Re- 
plies to  a  question  on  a  corrupt  passage  of  Gregor.  Thaumaturgus. 

§  V.    Morton  and  Borne. 

The  principal  pieces  written  by  and  against  Morton  in  the 
Bomish  controversy  may  be  found  in  the  Bodleian  (see  the  Cata- 
logu$y  under  Tlua.  Morton^  Robert  Panons^  and  G.  R.  vol.  m. 
p.  224  a). 

On  his  book  of  the  Romish  Sacrifice  see  Heylin^s  Laud^ 
p.  276. 

^  No  doubt  New-year's  gifts. 

'  Morton's  secretary  and  biographer. 


11 

In  1608  appeared  Try  lefore  you  Trusty  or  an  AdmoniHan  to 
Examine  the  Fidelity  of  D.  Field  and  D.  Morton,  8^.  In 
Pattick^s  Catalogue,  June  9,  1858,  art.  461,  this  is  described  as 
^>  apparently  printed  abroad." 

A  restored  *  pervert^  who  had  also  attacked  Field  and  Mor- 
ton, thns  apologises  to  the  latter  in  '*  A  Sbrmon  preached  at 
Paul's  (Jrosse  the  third  of  March  1610  [i.e.  1610-1611].  By 
TheophUuB  Higgons'^,  In  testimonie  of  his  heartie  reunion  with 
the  Church  of  England,  &c.''     Lond.  1611,  4to,  p.  46. 

**  I  spared  none :  not  the  troth  of  God ;  much  lease  them,  by  whom  it 
was  maintained  in  this  land.  In  which  nmnber  there  are  two,  who  I 
scandalized  (as  vninstly,  so  chiefly)  aboue  the  rest  The  one  is,  thp  learned^ 
and  venerable  Deane  of  Winchester;  of  whose  Imowledge,  and  charity,  I 
haye  had  so  much  experience,  that  whether  he  be  melior,  or  doctior,  a 
better  man,  or  a  more  learned  Diuine,  I  can  not  easily  resolue.** 

"  Panzani  being  curious  to  know  the  characters  of  the  chief  of  the  Pro- 
testant clergy ;  Montague'  told  him,  there  were  only  three  bishops  that 
could  be  counted  violently  bent  against  the  church  of  Rome^  viz.  Durham, 
Salisbury,  and  Exeter':  the  rest  he  said^  were  very  moderate.*'  Panzanfs 
MemoirSy  p.  246. 

§vi.    Morton  and  Geneva. 

As  respects  Morton^s  conduct  in  the  most  delicate  of  episcopal 
duties,  the  treatment  of  nonconformists,  I  have  met  with  the 
following  evidence  \ 

''Beside  the  great  good  service  which  was  now  done  in  Salop  by 
his  [Herring's]  Ministry  and  private  conferences  with  Christians :  In  re^ 
ference  unto  him  many  other  Ministers  had  the  more  frequent  recourse 
unto  the  town,  (Master  Pierson,  Master  Nicols,  &c.)  who  were  put  upon 
Preaching  once  or  oftner,  before  they  departed  thence,  whereby  know- 
ledge was  much  increased,  and  the  power  of  Godlinesse  much  cherished 
and  promoted.    But  Satan  maligning  those  opportunities  of  service  unto 

^  See  Wood's  Athen.  m.  482. 

"  Rich.  Mountague,  then  [1636]  bishop  of  Chichester. 

*  ''Morton,  Davenant,  and  Hall" 

«  "  Qaleeend:  Mr.  Thomas  Weld..Me  was  tum'd  out  by  Mr.  Ladler, 
who  had  a  dormant  Presentation  to  the  Living  from  Bishop  MortonP 
Oalamy's  Account,  p.  888. 


12 

Christy  some  enTious  ill-affected  persons,  (amongst  whom  Master  P^^r 
Studly  was  the  chief)  were  stirred  up  to  lay  in  complaints  against  him 
as  a  Non-conformist :  For  such  was  his  Prudence,  Sweetnesse,  and  Peace- 
ablenesse  of  Spirit,  that  other  Objections  could  not  with  any  Colour  of 
Truth  be  made  against  him  thera  Hereupon  Doctor  Morton  (then  the 
Bishop  of  that  Diocesse,)  referred  him  unto  two  neighbour  Ministers  for 
satisfaction ;  and  in  pursuance  of  this  order  Mr.  Herring  gave  in  his 
scruples  in  writing  and  also  replyed  upon  their  answer.  The  consequence 
of  this  paper-dispute  was  a  Certificate  to  the  Bishop  from  the  Mimsters, 
that  they  believed  Master  Herring  from  conscientious  grounds,  in  his  own 
apprehensions,  remained  unsatisfied,  and  the  Bishop  himself  told  Master 
Herrings  Friends,  that  he  was  satisfied  in  his  integrity.  But  such  were 
those  times,  that  he  was  suspended  from  the  use  of  his  Ministry,  though 
by  mediation  of  Friends  the  suspension  was  divers  times  taken  ofl^  and 
then  brought  on  again  by  Persons  of  contrary  minds  and  ways."  Life  qf 
Julines  Herring,  in  Sam.  Clarke's  Lives  qf  32  English  Divines.  1677. 
p.  162.  He  ordained  Jonathan  Jephcot,  one  of  the  ministers  ejected  in 
1662,  of  whom  Calamy  {Account  &c.  2nd  ed.,  p.  112)  tells  us :  *^  His  Friends 
were  very  earnest  for  his  fixing  at  Shilton,  the  next  Parish  to  Ansty; 
the  Living  was  about  ^10  a  year;  there  was  a  Vicar  in  it  whom  the 
People  were  weary  of ;  and  as  a  Testimony  of  it,  they  were  ready  to  give 
him  a  Years  Profits,  if  keeping  still  the  Title,  he  would  yield  to  Mr. 
Jepheofs  supplying  his  Place.  Upon  his  Agreeing,  Mr.  Jephcot  applies 
himself  to  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocess,  Bishop  Morton^  (who  was  counted 
very  severe  in  examining  Candidates)  who  examined  him  himself,  and 
while  he  rejected  severid,  readily  ordain'd  him  first  a  Deacon,  and  after- 
wards Presbyter,^ 

So  too  the  celebrated  John  Hieron  of  Ghrist^s  College,  ^' being 

bent  upon  the  Ministry,  Addressed  himself  to  the  Learned  Bishop 

Morton^  of  Coventry  and  Litchfield^  who  examin'^d  and  approvM 

him,  and  on  Trinity  Sunday  1630  OrdainM  him  both  Deacon 

and  Presbyter.""    Calamy,  ihid,  p.  162.     The  bishop  seems  to 

have  made  a  practice  of  examining  candidates  himself;  for  we  are 

told  of  John  Shaw,  also  of  ChristV  College,  and  like  Hieron  a 

pupil  of  bishop  Chappefs  : — 

^  The  first  place  he  accepted,  was  Brampton  near  Chesterfield,  in  Der- 
byshire,  where  he  was  Lecturer  for  Three  Tears.  Gk>ing  upon  this  occa- 
sion to  Bishop  Morton  (who  was  then  Bishop  of  Coventry  and  Litchfield^ 
for  a  License  to  preach  in  his  Diocese  ;  he  finding  him  young,  and  newly 
come  from  Cambridge,  was  strict  in  his  Examination.  He  enquired,  what 
Questions  he  gave  in  the  Schools  when  he  was  Benior  Batchelor,  and  Dis- 


13 

pated  yeiy  Scholastically  with  him  upon  them :  And  when  he  had  done, 
gave  him  his  Hand  full  of  Mony,  and  laying  his  Hand  upon  his  Head,  said, 
Tour  Licence  shall  be  this,  (without  demanding  any  Subscription  of  him) 
that  you  shall  preach  in  any  part  qf  my  Diocese^  toJian  and  where  you 
will''    Calamy,  UncL  p.  824. 

Not  less  to  Morton^s  credit  is  his  forbearance  toward  Bich. 
Maiher : 

^  Being  retomed  to  Toxteth,  he  Preached  his  first  Sermon,  November 

30.  Anno  Christi  1618 The  People  having  now  had  some  taste  and 

tryal  of  his  Gifts,  were  the  more  importunate  in  their  desires  to  have  him 
continue  and  fix  amongst  them ;  and  because  that  could  not  be  without 
Ordination^  they  urged  him  to  accept  thereof;  and  he,  having  not  at  that 
time  studied  that  part  of  Ceremonious  Conformity^  yielded  unto  the 
motion,  and  accordingly  he  (together  with  many  others  on  the  same  day) 
was  ordained  by  Dr.  Morton^  the  then  Bishop  of  Chester^  after  the  manner 
of  those  times. 

The  Ordination  being  ended,  the  Bishop  singled  out  Mr.  Mather  from 
among  the  rest^  saying,  /  have  something  to  say  to  you,  between  you  and 
me  alone,  Mr.  Mather  was  hereupon  afraid,  that  some  informations  had 
been  given  in  against  him  to  the  Bishop  for  his  non-Cof^ormity,  and 
because  of  his  Puritanism,  thereby  to  prejudice  him :  But  it  fell  out  to  be 
fiir  otherwise;  for  when  the  Bishop  had  him  alone,  he  spake  thus  unto 
him :  /  have  an  earnest  request  unto  you,  and  you  must  not  deny  me  ;  it 
is,  that  you  would  pray  for  me :  For  I  know  (said  he)  the  Prayers  qf 
Men  that  fear  Ood  will  avail  much  ;  and  such  an  one  I  believe  you  to 
*  be.^  Life  and  Death  cf  Mr,  Richard  Mather  in  Sam.  Clarke's  Lives  qf 
Sundry  Eminent  Persons  (foL  1683),  p.  128. 

Cotton  Mather  bears  similar  testimony  {Life  of  Thomae  Shep- 

ard,  §  6,  reprinted  in  his  Magnalia  Christi  Americana^  Bk.  iii. 

eh.  V.  p.  86) : 

''But  thither  [to  Heddon  m  Northumberland]  also  the  zeal  of  the 
Bishop  [Laud  or  Neile  ?  both  had  disturbed  him]  reached  him,  and  forbad 
his  preaching  there  any  more;  no,  nor  durst  the  more  Ingenuous  Dr. 
Morton^  the  Bishop  of  Durham,  afford  him  any  Countenance  or  Conni- 
vance, inasmuch  as  the  Primate  of  England  had  look'd  with  so  hard  an  Eye 
upoithim." 

On  the  whole,  few  bishops  probably  of  that  day  were  regarded 
with  more  friendly  eyes  by  the  Puritan  party.     Prynne^  in  his 

^  No  doubt  the  recollection  of  the  conference  held  in  York  house  in 
Feb.  1625-6,  where  Morton  attacked  the  Arminian  positions,  would  indine    • 


14 

Anii-Ammianims  {2"^  ei.  Lond.  1630,  pp.  98,  185)  cites  him 
as  ^'  Beuerend  and  learned  Dr.  Morion^  <*  Learned  Dr.  Thomas 
Morton^  In  later  times  Thoresby  speaks  of  him  in  no  less  lau- 
datory terms : 

''  A^.  18.  1684.  With  Mr.  Todd  to  visit  my  good  brother  Oorlas,  at 
Marston,  where  he  treated  tu  kindly  and  affectionately  in  the  parsonage 
house,  where  formerly  the  good  bishop,  the  excellent  Dr.  Morton,  the 
parson  thereof,  liyed,  and  whence  during  the  time  of  the  plague  at  York 
(haying  made  a  private  door  out  of  his  study  for  the  security  of  his  family) 
he  went  to  preadi  to  the  poor  visited  people."    Diary,  iL  433,  434  \ 

Samuel  Clarke  {Life  printed  before  his  Lives  of  Emineni 
Persons^  1683,  p.  5)  was  not  so  fortunate  in  his  encounter  with 
Morton : 

*'  Neither  there  [at  CoMntry]  would  the  Devil  suffer  me  to  be  quiet 
long ;  for  at  that  time  there  was  Dr.  Btiggg,  who  had  engrossed  both  the 

Livings  : Dr.  Bugg$  having  his  spies  to  watch  me,  both  in  my  Prayers 

and  Sermons,  conceived  that  he  had  gotten  some  advantages  against  me, 
for  some  expressions  used  by  me  in  the  same.    [See  above,  p.  4.] 

Hereupon  he  became  an  eager  prosecutor  of  me  before  the  Bishop  of 
the  Diocess  (who  was  Dr.  Morton)  who  inhibited  me  from  Preaching  in  his 
Diocess :  but  having  a  Licence  from  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  [Ahbot^ 
I  refused  to  obey  his  Inhibition :  some  of  the  Aldermen  also  of  the  City 
sticking  to  me,  pretending  to  spend  mudbi  money  before  I  should  be  put 
down:  shortly  after  the  Bishop  going  to  London^  caused  me  to  be  cited ^ 
up  to  the  Court  of  Arches,  whither  I  went,  but  he  put  in  nothing  agunst 
me :  and  when  I  went  to  him  at  his  Lodgings,  he  first  by  perswasions, 
and  after  by  menaces,  laboured  to  have  me  relinquish  the  place ;  professing, 
that  he  would  Ipieel  before  the  King,  but  he  would  have  my  Licence  called 
in :  yet  I  resolved  to  keep  it  as  long  as  I  could,  and  returned  to  Coventry 
again ;  where  a  new  Mayor  being  chosen,  who  was  a  great  Friend  to  Dr. 
BtiggSy  the  zeal  of  the  Aldermen  in  standing  for  me,  and  by  me,  was  much 
cooled ;  whereupon  my  Lecture  feU  to  the  Ground." 

A  still  more  unfavorable  character  of  Morton  is  given  by  the 
zealous  Thomas  Paget,  in  An  Humble  Advertisment  to  the  high 

Prynne  in  his  favour.  (See  Piynne's  Canterburies  Doome,  p.  158,  Heylin's 
Life  qfLaitdy  p.  140,  Fuller's  Church  History,  ed.  Brewer,  vi  33,  Birch's 
Court  and  Times  qf  Charles  L  VoL  i.  p.  86,  Laud's  Diary,  Feb.  11  and  17, 
1625-6,  Cosin's  Woi^,  n.) 

^  See  further  the  index  to  Durham  High  Commission    (Sur^ees 
Society). 


16 

Court  of  Pabliam£nt  {fol.  *  3  wfw  el  $eq.)  prefixed  to  John 
Paget's  Defence  of  Chwck-Govemmenty  Lond.  1641,  4to.  As 
the  book  is  not  in  the  University  Library,  and  Brookes  extract 
(I^uriiam^  ii.  291 — 294)  is  not  exact  enough  to  content  a  critical 
reader,  the  passage  is  here  subjoined. 

**  A  true  report  qf  tpme  Prelaticall  proceedings  in  Chester  Dioeeue. 

May  it  please  your  Honors  to  receive  a  hist  of  some  Prelaticall  pro- 
ceedings, exemplified  mostly  in  the  particular  of  your  humble  advertiser ; 
who  was  called  to  the  work  of  ministery  many  yeeres  agone  in  such  place 
of  Chester  Diocesse,  where  he  could  execute  his  function,  without  such 
officiating  as  is  usually  required  of  incumbents,  that  take  the  Cure  in 
Parishes.  In  processe  of  time  D.  Morton  ^  became  Prelate,  who  taking 
knowledge  of  divers  Non-conformists  in  this  Diocesse,  sent  out  letters 
missive  to  summon  some  of  them  to  the  high  Commission  *  Court  then  kept 
at  Chester.  Which  being  divulged,  it  pleased  God  to  stirre  up  some  of  the 
eminent  &  wel-affected  Knights  &  Esquires  inhabiting  in  that  Diocesse,  to 
consult  &  agree  together  to  write  a  letter  to  the  Bishop  in  these  words' ; 
"  Right  Reverend,  &c.  Whereas  wee  understand  that  divers  of  our  pain- 
^  fhU  and  discreet  Ministers,  are  lately  by  letters  missive  from  your  L.  & 
^  others  of  his  Majesties  high  Commission  for  causes  Ecclesiasticall  within 
'^  the  Diocesse  of  Chester,  eigoyned  to  appeare  before  you,  to  answer  to 
"  such  matters  as  shalbe  objected  against  them:  We  have  thought  fitting  to 
"  acquaint  your  L.  with  our  opinions  of  these  our  Ministers,  whose  names 
''are  subscribed,  for  the  better  prevsting  (jf  need  require)  of  such  sinister 
''  and  malitious  informations,  which  in  these  cases  are  frequently  stirred  up 
''  against  men  of  their  sort  &  quality,  somtimes  by  lewd  &  |Hrofone  per* 
**  BODB  remaining  in  our  owne  Church,  Sc  many  times  by  the  disguised, 
''  subtQl,  Sc  superstitious  Romanists,  &  Church-papists,  whose  hearts  are 
''wholly  against  us,  all  the  wiule  their  faces  are  seemingly  with  us. 
"  First  therfore  we  have  observed  (soe  fure  as  we  are  able  to  judge) 
"  in  these  our  Ministers,  Integrity  of  life  dc  conversadon,  orthodoxall 
"  soundness  of  doctrine  in  their  teaching,  diligence  &  painfulnes  in  their 
"  i^aces ;  sobriety,  &  peaoeablenes  in  their  dii^Kxntions,  firee  from  fiactioos- 
"  nes.  In  regard  wherof,  as  also  the  great  good  and  profit  which  our  Con- 
"  gregations  where  they  remaine  have  abundantly  received  from  their  minis- 

1  "  Now  B.  qf  Durham." 

'  "H.  Commission  pretended  ag.  PapiOs  in  Lancashire  eheifiy  bent 
ag.  rrfusers  qf  superstitious  ceremonies.** 

'  "^  copie  qfa  letter  sent  totheB.  qf  Ch.  from  some  worthy  gentle- 
men qfthe  dioces,  in  beha{fe  qfsome  non-conformists." 


16 

*'  tery ;  we  are  emboldned  efUoones  to  intreat,  Ac"  The  letter  wu 
delivered  to  the  B.  at  Stocport  \  who  having  read  it,  let  fall  these  words. 
They  whom  the  letter  concemeth  are  the  worse  to  be  liked,  for  the  good 
testimony  the  Gentlemen  give  of  them:  And  then  speaking  to  me,  (beiDg 
one  of  the  Subscribed  in  the  letter)  required  a  proposall  of  any  aigument 
against  the  use  of  the  Crosse  in  Baptisme ;  that  so  he  might  instantly  dia- 
cover  (as  he  boastingly  spake)  our  weaknes  and  folly  in  refusing  to  con- 
forme.  But  I  desired  to  decline  disputes  with  him,  partly  sith  my  errand  at 
that  time  was  to  obteine  his  favour  for  release  from  the  High  C.  Court,  if 
it  might  be  procured;  and  partly  sith  He  was  to  be  the  chiefe  judge  in  our 
cause,  which  might  prove  prejudiciall  to  us  in  case  of  a  denyed  dimission. 
Nevertheles  when  he  pressed  his  demand  in  the  presence  of  many  persons 
of  quality  (lest  I  should  seeme  to  betray  a  good  cause  in  being  unwilling  or 
unready'  to  give  answer,  when  a  reason  of  my  profession  was  asked)  I  pro- 
pounded an  argumSt,  stating  it  according  to  the  fairest  pretence  of  urging 
the  signe  of  the  Crosse  in  Baptisme,  even  as  the  Canon  interpreteth  the 
use  of  it :  For  the  dedicating  qf  the  party  baptised  to  €rod.  Whence  I 
proved  that  the  signe  of  the  Crosse  in  Baptisme  was  superstitious,  sith  such 
dedication  signified  by  it,  is  an  usurpatio  of  an  office  besides  divine  institu- 
tion, &  consequently  unlawfull,  as  by  two  texts  of  Scripture^  alledged  & 
applied  I  did  evince.  After  some  debate  about  this  argument,  &  of  a  non- 
sense distinction  used  by  him,  viz.  A  dedication  of  consecration,  and  a  dedi- 
cation of  protestation,  &c.  He  then  said,  he  could  not  beleeve  that  the 
Canon  was  so  explaned,  h  therfore  sent  for  the  booke  of  CanQs ;  but  being 
therby  further  convinced,  &  not  knowing  what  to  answer,  he  passionatly 
wished,  that  either  it  had  beene  otherwise  expressed,  or  that  noe  explana- 
tion had  beene  added  to  the  Canon.  In  fine  he  ingenuously  acknowledged 
his  former  neglect  to  study  these  controversies,  having  hitherto  esteemed 
lightly  of  them ;  yet  sith  occasion  seemed  to  require,  he  now  resolved  to 
apply  his  studies  a  while  this  way.  Heerupon  he  was  pleased  to  undertake 
our  dismission  from  the  H.  C.  C.  till  he  should  first  have  assayed  to  winne 
us  to  conformity  in  a  scholasticall  way,  sith  he  discerned  in  us  (as  he  said) 
some  schollership  above  his  expectation.  At  the  same  time  he  ordered  us, 
severally  to  set  downe  in  writing  within  the  space  of  the  moneth  following 
(&  then  to  bring  to  him)  3  arguments  ^  against  the  Crosse  in  Baptisme,  the 
Burplisse  in  divine  service,  &  kneeling  at  the  Lords  supper.    His  order  was 

1  "  The  B.  had  betides  his  Bishoprick  tlie  Parsonage  qf  Stocport^  being 
the  greatest  benefice  in  all  Cheshire.^* 

»  « 1  Pet  3.  15." 

•  ""Leeit.  10.  1,  2.    Qalat  1.  8,  9." 

^  ''  The  B.  would  not  dispute  at  all  about  the  greatest  grievdee  qf  the 
Non-cof{formistSf  viz,  intoUerable  subscription  unto  5  books  in  severaU 
points  questionable  and  faulty."* 


17 

^Bcoordingly  obseired,  albeit  a  desired  saocesse  failed.  For  some  of  us 
ahortij  after  were  againe  smnmoned  by  letters  missiye,  to  the  H.  C.  Court,  & 
then  dealt  with  in  a  vexations  sort.  I  was  compelled  to  travell  30  miles 
from  my  dwelling,  three  seyerall  times  in  14  daiea  On  one  of  these  Court 
dales  M.  Nichols  of  b.  m.  a  most  piuus  and  learned  Minister,  being  required 
to  giTe  an  accompt  of  his  arguments  he  had  delivered  to  the  B.  was  in  open 
Coort  by  the  B.  and  D.  Snell  scornfully  taunted  &  giered,  as  if  what  he  had 
written  was  raw,  and  should  therfore  be  rosted,  when  they  were  not  able 
to  gainsay  the  wisedome  &  Spirit,  by  which  he  spake.  At  the  same  time  (I 
having  beene  immediately  before  sharply  spoken  unto  by  the  B.  and  Com- 
missioners, &  deferred  to  the  Court  for  the  weeke  following)  one  of  the  B» 
cheife  Gentlemen^,  accompanied  with  two  Popish  6entlemen,belongvng  to  a 
great  Earle  then  in  Chester,  plucked  me  a  litle  aside,  &  did  idly  &,  disdain- 
fully upbraid  me  of  simplicity,  &  reproch  me  as  if  I  were  colouring,  because 
1  looked  to  the  ground,  &  answered  nothing ;  they  therfore  also  concluded 
I  should  goe  to  HeU,  sith  my  looks  seemed  thitherward.  Such  their  vile 
language  uttered  likewise  with  blasphemous  swearing  &  cursing,  in  the 
hearing  of  many  thronging  about  us,  occasioned  a  Gentleman  that  was 
present  to  complaine  of  their  uncivill  behaviour,  &  inhumane  cariage: 
whereupd  they  being  much  inraged,  thrust  him  on  the  suddaine  to  the 
doore  of  the  palace,  and  cast  him  headlong  dovvne  the  staires,  to  the  en- 
dangering of  his  life.  When  the  Court  was  risen  the  B.  was  privatly 
informed  of  his  mans  insolencies,  who  seemed  to  be  somwhat  discontented 
towards  him ;  yet  sayd,  that  what  his  servant  had  disorderly  done  could  be 
noe  disparagment  to  him,  that  was  his  mastw.  At  my  comming  to  Chester 
the  weeke  following,  as  I  had  beene  ordered,  the  B.  was  not  well  in  the 
morning  of  the  Court-day,  &  in  that  respect  kept  his  chamber,  yet  having 
notice  of  my  attending,  sent  for  me,  &  lying  on  his  bed  reasoned  and  expos- 
tolated  with  me  touching  the  Ceremonies  a  full  houre,  letting  fall  by  the 
way  some  complaints,  that  his  remisse  course  with  us,  had  beene  prejudi- 
ciall  to  his  preferment  to  Lincolne  Bishoprick,  vacant  about  that  time.  Soe 
that  in  great  passion  he  threatned  to  suspend,  excommunicate,  degrade, 
and  make  the  land  too  hot  for  me ;  asking  me  what  I  would  doe.  I 
answered  in  the  words  of  the  Prophet',  I  will  looke  unto  the  Lord,  I  will 
wait  for  the  God  of  my  salvation :  my  God  will  heare  me.  He  retorted, 
God  would  not  heare  a  blasphemer,  a  blasphemer  of  his  mother  the  Church 
of  England,  &  that  deq>ised  her  ordinances.  I  answered  agame,  that  I 
desired  to  feare  God,  &  abhorred  blasphemy;  &  that  a  refusall  of  conformity 
to  superstitious  ceremonies,  esteemed  by  the  Prelaticall  party  to  be  things 
indifferent,  was  neither  blasphemy  nor  contempt    In  conclusion  he  was 

1  **  Prelates  have  gentlemen  to  wait  an  them^  but  they  are  such  for  the 
most  part,  as  are  notoriously  debauched,  as  is  commonly  observed," 
»"Jftc.  7.7." 

2 


18 

I^leased  to  digmisse  me  at  that  time  yyithoat  any  censurey  saye  of  paying 
large  fees  to  officers  of  the  Court,  to^yards  paymet  yvherof  he  gave  ten 
shillings.  Not  long  after  this  the  said  Prelate  printed  a  booke  in  defense 
of  the  3  nocent  Ceremonies,  pretending  to  ansyrer  our  argumets  given  in 
against  them,  and  also  that  unansvyerable  Abridgment^  of  the  reasons  of 
the  Ministers  of  Lincolne  Diocesse,  so  farre  ajs  it  argued  against  them.  But 
the  weaknes  of  his  Defense  and  pretended  ansyyer  is  fully  and  effectually 
discovered  by  the  learned  D.  Ames  in  his  printed  Reply  therto :  And  in 
his  Fresh  Suit  against  humane  Ceremonies  in  Gods  yrorship,  or  Triplication 
to  D.  Burgesse  his  Bejoynder  for  D.  Morton." 

A  marginal  note  on /ol.  **3  verso  relates  to  what  in  Sabbata- 
rian eyes  was  Morton'^s  capital  offence  : 

^  In  the  yeere  1617.  B.  Mort5  B.  of  Chester  framed  the  directions  for 
the  first  liberty  giiUied  to  sports  on  the  Lords  day ;  at  the  same  time  he 
8oe  eagerly  prosecuted  the  Non-conformists  about  Ceremonies." 

Prynne  also,  as  party  heats  increased,  retracted  the  good 
words  which  he  had  given  the  bishop,  and  saw  in  his  misfortunes 
a  Divine  judgement;  for  we  read  in  The  Antipathie  of  the  English 
Lordly  Prelacie^  &c.,  pt.  i.  p.  305 : 

^  And  as  for  the  present  Bishop  D'  MortoUy  whom  I  honour  for  his 
leandng  and  workes  against  the  Papists,  how  farre  h^  hath  degenerated 
of  late  yeares  from  his  Pristine  scale'  and  hatred  of  Romish  Superstitions 
and  Innovations,  and  how  farre  he  hath  ingaged  himself  in  the  late  Wars 
and  differences  between  England  and  Scotland,  I  leave  to  others  to  deter- 
mina  Onely  this  I  cannot  pretermit  in  silence;  that  as  the  first  Popish 
Innovations  and  superstitions,  which  lately  over-spread  our  whole  Church, 
had  their  Originall  from  Bishop  Nealeaaid  his  Chaplaine  D'  Cosens  at  Dur- 
ham ;  so  God  hath  made  that  City  and  Bishopricke  of  Durham  (the  onely 
County  of  England  stiled  by  the  name  of  a  Bishoprick)  the  seate  of  our 
late  wars  wherein  the  Soottidi  Armie  now  resides;  to  manifest  to  all  the 
world,  that  these  unhappie  dvill  warres  sprung  from  the  Bishops,  since  the 
seate  of  them  is  no  where  but  in  this  Bishoprick,  the  Scottish  Generall  for 
the  most  part  hath  kept  his  residence  in  the  Bishop  of  Durhams  own 
Palaces,  who  for  feare  hath  left  them  vacant,  and  fled  that  Country  which  he 
hath  much  oppressed." 

*  "  Abridgm.  teas  given  to  the  B.  by  M.  Mideley  eonne  qf father  Mid- 
sky.  They  both  had  been  Vicare  qf  Ratsdale  in  Lancashire,  d  deprived 
for  inco^formity  to  Ceremonies,  The  sonne  c^fter  degradation  became  a 
Physitian,  d  foas  prosecuted  for  not  kneeling  at  SacramentP 

'  ^  See  a  late  Pamphlet  wherein  this  is  expressed." 


19 

What  amount  of  truth  there  is  in  this  account,  may  best  be 
leamt  by  the  valuable  volume  on  the  Durham  High  Cammisamij 
.lately  issued  by  the  Surtees  Society.  Among  Laud's  crimes 
Prynne  {Oanterh.  Doome^  p.  382)  names  "  His  prosecution  of  Mr 
John  Jemmet^  Lecturer  at  Barvncie^  in  causing  the  Bishop  of 
Durhctm  in  December  1639  to  send  for  him  by  a  Pursevant^  silence 
kim  from  preaching  in  Barwick,  and  banish  him  the  Town,  without 
any  Articles  or  toitnesses  examined  against  him^  Four  letters 
from  Laud  to  Morton  have  been  printed  by  Mr  Bliss  in  his  very 
careful  edition  of  Laud's  Works,  vi.  pp.  549,  560,  567,  571,  but 
none  of  them  relate  to  the  prosecution  of  nonconformists. 

Clarendon's  testimony  to  the  general  esteem  in  which  Morton 
was  held  may  dose  this  branch  of  the  subject.  {History,  ed,  in 
1  voL  1843,  p.  93  b)  : 

^The  earl  of  Essex  was  rather  displeased  with  the  person  of  the  ardi- 
bishop,  and  some  other  bishops,  than  indevoted  to  the  function ;  and  towards 
some  of  them  he  had  great  reverence  and  kindness,  as  bishop  Moreton, 
bishop  Hall,  and  some  other  of  the  less  formal  and  more  popular  prelates.*' 


§  vii.    MorUnCs  ^  Sufferings.^ 

On  his  impeachment  (with  archbishop  Williams)  for  signing 
the  petition  relative  to  the  bishops'  rights  in  parliament,  see 
Index  to  Lordi  Journals,  Vol.  i.  under  York,  677  b. 

'^JResolved,  upon  the  question,  that  Tko,  Bishop  of  Durham  shall  be 
accused  by  this  House,  in  the  Name  of  all  the  Commons  of  England^  of  High 
Treason.''  (OommoM^  Journals,  ii.  363  a.  30  Dec.  1641.) 

17  Feb.  164}.  "  Ordered,  That  it  is  referred  to  the  Consideration  of  the 
Judges,  to  consider  whether  the  late  Act  doth  not  take  away  the  Temporal 
Jurisdiction  of  the  Bishop  of  Durham  in  this  Case  [a  Writ  of  Extent  to 
go  into  Durham] ;  and  to  report  .the  same  to  this  House  {Lordt^  Joum, 
iv.  591  a.) 

Feb.  8.  1641-2.  **  Sir  Jo,  Strangwayes  hath  Leave  to  go  to  the 
Bishop  of  Durham."  {Common^  Joum.  n.  421  b.) 

Mar.  29. 1642.  ''The  humble  petition  of  the  Bishops  of  Durham^  and 
Coventry  and  Liichfieldy  was  read;  and  nothing  done  upon  it."  ih,  p.  505  a. 

2 — ^ 


20 

Apr.  6. 1642.  "Resolved^  upon  the  Question,  that  the  Bishop  of  DurAom 
shall  be  allowed  £300  p^r  Annum"    {Commons'  Journals,  ii.  513  b.) 

20  Jan.  164f .  "  Upon  reading  the  Petition  of  Tho.  Bishop  of  Durham; 
shewing,  'That  he  being  appointed  to  appear  at  Three  Days  Warning,  and 
he  not  as  others  obtaining  Leave  to  go  into  his  Conntry,  hath  ail  this  while 
contained  himself  in  a  Corner  of  Durham  House,  where  he  liath  received 
of  late  an  Intimation  of  Gessments  to  be  imposed  upon  him:  He  presuming 
his  Case  to  be  thus  far  different  from  any  otherB,  doth  most  humbly  beseech 
their  Lordships  to  grant  him  an  express  Protection,  for  himself  and  hiB 
small  Family  about  him.' 

"  Hereupon  it  is  Ordered,  in  regard  that  the  said  Bishop  livcth  in  Dur- 
ham House  but  by  Permission  of  the  Earl  ofPembrooke,  who  pays  all  Taxes 
for  that  House,  lliat  the  said  Bishop  of  Durham  shall  be  discharged  from 
the  Payment  of  the  Assessment  of  the  Fourteen  Thousand  Pounds,  for  the 
Magazine,  etc."    (Lords'  Journ.  vi.  384  b.) 

"  Ordered,  That  Sir  Hen,  Vane,  sen.,  Sir  JVm.  AUanson,  Mr.  Blahis- 
ton,  and  Mr.  JVhittacre,  do  forthwith  repair  to  the  Bishop  of  Durham; 
and  require  him,  in  the  Name  of  this  House,  to  deliver  unto  them  the 
County  Palatine  Seal ;  and  to  return  his  Answer."  {Commons'  Journ. 
Aug.  17.  1644,  Vol.  iii.  p.  693).  This  ordinance  was  carried  up  to  the 
Lords,  Aug.  19  (i6.  p.  697  a). 

April  8.  1645.  *^  Morton  Bishop  of  Durham,  a  Reverend  Man,  was 
brought  before  the  Commons,  for  Christening  of  a  Child  in  the  old  way, 
and  signing  it  with  the  sign  of  the  Cross,  contrary  to  the  Directory ;  and 
because  he  refused  to  deliver  up  the  Seal  of  the  County  Palatine  of  Dur- 
ham, he  was  committed  to  the  Tower.''  Whitelock's  Memorials,  ed.  1732, 
p.  141.  (Cf.  Common^  Journals,  Apr.  8.  1646 ;  VoL  iv.  p.  103  a;  Mr  Lath- 
bury  quotes  also  the  Perfect  Diurnal,  p.  706). 

^Resolved  Ac,  That  Doctor  Moreton  shall  stand  committed  to  the 
Tower,  for  his  Contempt  to  the  House,  in  refusing  to  answer  such  Ques- 
tions as  were  propounded  unto  him  by  command  of  the  House."  {Con^ 
mom^  Journ,  Apr.  8.  1645.  Vol.  iv.  p.  104  a). 

"Mr.  Browne,  Mr.  Solicitor,  Sir  Thomas  JViddrington,  Mr.  Selden, 
Sir  John  Clotworthy,  Mr.  Reynolds,  Mr.  Rous,  M.  Whittacre,  and  Sir 
Wm  Massam  are  appointed  to  collect  the  Substance  of  what  the  Bishop 
answered  touching  the  Christening  of  the  Earl  of  Rutland's  Child  by  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer;  to  the  end  that  a  Conference  may  be  had  with 
the  Lords  thereupon :  And  that  a  Committee  may  be  appointed  to  consider. 
What  is  fit  to  be  done  with  this  Bishop  herein;  as  likewise  with  all  such 
other  Persons,  as  shall  shew  any  Contempt  to  the  Ordinance  and  Directory 
for  Worship ;  or  shall  not  obey  or  observe  the  same,  according  to  the  In- 
junction thereof:  And  are  to  meet  this  Afternoon  at  Two  post  meridiem, 
in  the  Exchequer  Chamber."  {Ibid,) 

''The  humble  Petition  of  Thomas  Bishop  of  Duresme  was  this  Day 
read.    And 


21 

It  18  thereupon  Ordered^  that  the  Bishop  of  Durwrne,  now  Prisoner  to 
the  Parliament,  in  the  Custody  of  the  Seijeont  at  Arms  attending  this 
House,  shall  be  bailed  and  Dischai^ged  of  his  Restraint  and  Imprisonment, 
npon  his  own  personal  Security."    (Jhid.  Sept.  10.  1646,  Vol.  ir.  p.  269). 

May  2, 1646,  Sir  G^uilberf  Gerard  carried  to  the  Lords,  for  tbeir  Con- 
cnrrence,  the  Order  for  Eight  hundred  pounds  per  annum  for  the  Bishop 
of  Duretme  {Commons*  Joum,  iv.  629  b) ;  which  was  agreed  to  by  the 
lords  $b.  18  May,  1646,  p.  649  a.  Lords*  Joum,  viii.  292  a.  b.  294  a.  297  a. 
318  b.,  319  b.  320  a). 

^  Ordered^  by  the  Lords  and  Commons,  assembled  in  Parliament,  That 
the  Bishop  of  Dwresme  shall  be  allowed  Eight  hundred  Poimds  per  Aiv- 
num,  to  be  paid  Half-yearly,  by  equal  Portions,  out  of  the  Rents  and  Re- 
renues  of  the  said  Bishoprick,  by  those  that  shall  receiye  the  same  by 
Appointment  of  Parliament :  Who  are  hereby  required  to  pay  the  same 
accordingly  to  the  said  Bishop,  or  to  any  whom  he  shall  appoint  to  receive 
the  same :  The  first  Payment  to  be  made  out  of  the  first  Bents  that  shall 
be  received  after  the  Date  hereof.'*  {Common^  Joum.  May  18.  1646 ; 
p.  649  a). 

"A  Message  from  the  Lords...  The  Lords  have  commanded  us  to  re- 
turn... A  Petition  of  Dr.  Moreton,  late  Bishop  of  Duresms;  which  the 
Lords  think  reasonable ;  being  put  in  pursuance  of  a  former  Ordinance.... 

The  humble  Petition  of  Dr.  Thomas  Moreton,  late  Bishop  of  Duresme, 
was  read :  And  whereas  the  yearly  Sum  of  j£800  was  ordered  to  be  paid 
unto  the  Petitioner  by  Ordinance  of  both  Houses  of  Parliament,  bearing 
date  May  18, 1646,  out  of  the  Revenues  of  the  Bishoprick  of  Duresme,  by 
them  who  should  receive  the  same :  It  is  Resolved,  That  this  House  doth 
concur  with  the  Lords.    And 

It  is  Ordered  and  Ordained,  by  the  Lords  and  Commons,  That  the  said 
yearly  Sum  of  £81)0  be  accordingly  continued,  and  paid  unto  the  said 
Thomas  Moreton,  Doctor  in  Divinity,  and  late  Bishop  of  Duresme,  or  his 
Assignee.  And  whereas  the  Trustees,  appointed  by  the  Parliament  for 
the  Sale  of  Bishops  Lands,  are  by  the  said  Ordinances  appointed  to  collect 
and  receive  all  the  Revenues  belonging  to,  and  arising  from,  the  said  late 
Bishoprick :  The  said  Trustees  are  hereby  authorized  and  enjoined  fully  to 
comply  with  the  said  former  Ordinance  of  May  18,  1646 ;  and,  in  pur- 
suance thereof  to  pay  unto  the  said  Dr.  Thom>as  Moreton,  late  Bishop  of 
Duresme,  or  his  Assignee^  out  of  the  Revenue  of  the  said  late  Bishoprick, 
the  Arrears  of  the  said  JtSW^per  Annum,  granted  by  the  said  Ordinance, 
incurred  and  due  since  the  Passing  thereof;  as  likewise  duly,  from  time  to 
time,  the  said  yearly  Sum  of  £800,  according  to  the  dear  and  full  Intend- 
ment of  the  said  former  Ordinance ;  And  the  Acciuittance  of  the  said  Dr. 
Moreton,  or  his  Assignee,  shall  be  a  sufficient  Warrant  and  Discharge  to 
the  Trustees  and  Treasurers  for  the  late  Bishops  Lands,  for  the 'Issuing, 
Payment,  and  Receipt  of  the  said  Sum  of  iSSOO  per  Annum,  together  with 


22 

the  Arrcarg  thereof,  according  to  the  Tenor  and  Intendment  of  the  said 
former  Ordinance  of  May  18, 1646 ;  and  of  this  present  Ordinance."  {Comr 
mon^  Joum.  Oct.  4.  1647 ;  Vol.  v,  p.  326). 

"An  Ordinance  for  Confirming  the  Allowance  formerly  assigned  to  the 
Bishop  of  Duresme,  of  £800  per  Annum,  was  this  Day  read  the  First 
time."  {Ibid.  p.  409  b,  Dec.  28.  1647). ,  "  Ordered,  That  the  Sum  of  ^1000, 
Part  of  the  Fine  of  Sir  iVm.  Darcy,  a  Delinquent,  be  forthwith  paid  nnto 
Dr.Moreton,  late  Bishop  of  Durham,  or  his  Assigns,  towards  the  Arrears 
of  the  ;£800  per  Annum  granted  to  him  by  the  Parliament :  And  that  the 
Committee  at  Goldsmiths  Hall  do  pay  the  same  accordingly:  And  the 
Acquittance  or  Acquittances  of  the  said  Dr.  Moreton,  testifying  the  Receipt 
thereof,  shall  be  a  sufficient  Warrant  and  Discharge  to  the  said  Committee, 
and  to  their  Treasurer,  and  to  such  other  Person  or  Persons  as  shall  pay 
the  same."    {lUd.  Mar.  2.  1648-9;  Vol  vi.  p.  153). 

[On  the  26^  of  April  1650  it  was  Resolved  That  out  of  the  Arrears  of 
the  Revenue  of  the  late  Bprick  of  Duresme..Mhe  sum  of  j£1400  shall  be 
paid  unto  Dr.  Thos,  Moreton,  late  Bp.  of  Duresme,  he  first  taking  &  sub- 
scribing the  Engagement,  before  the  money  be  paid  {Comm.  Joum,  vi. 
405  a). 

June  18. 1651  the  same  sum  of  jei400  ordered  to  be  paid  (ib.  590).] 

We  read  in  Mereuriu$  Pragmaiieus  (Tuesd.  Oct  5 — Oct. 
12,  1647)  Num.  4.  last  page  but  two : 

"  If  the  Souldiers  will  not  pay  for  their  Qtuirters,  and  restore  Bishops 
again,  they  have  vowed  to  give  them  no  more  Quarter  then  if  they  were 
Scots;  80  that  the  Bishoprick  of  Durham  will  entertain  no  more  but  900. 
and  at  the  same  rate  too  as  they  would  Jexoes,  to  have  foure  pence  a  day 
for  every  Sotddier, 

And  so  Souldiers  are  like  to  find  as  little  charity  from  the  hands  of  the 
Countrey  in  the  yeares  to  come,  as  the  Bishops  have  had  from  the  Par- 
liament and  City  some  years  past:  For,  after  they  had  deprived  all  of 
them  of  their  Revenewes,  they  made  a  shew  of  allowing  Pensions  to  some 
of  them,  whom  they  esteemed  most  honest,  which  is  just  as  if  a  Thiefe 
should  rob  a  man  of  100/.  and  at  parting  throw  him  six  pence  to  drinke ; 
and  among  the  rest,  they  were  pleased  to  vote,  an  allowance  to  the  Bishop 
of  Durham  out  of  the  Lands  of  that  Bishopricke,  which  he  could  never 
get  to  this  day:  So  that  the  poore  Bishop  was  inforced  to  petition  the 
other  day  for  an  allowance,  according  to  their  former  Ghrant,  which  they 
have  Ordered  againe,  and  also  that  he  should  have  his  Arrears,  to  as  much 
purpose  as  they  did  before,  seeing  it  as  easie  a  matter  for  the  Harpies  to 
contemn e  a  second  Order,  as  well  as  the  first ;  especially  such  an  Order  as 
bespeakes  a  parting  with  money,  if  so  be  the  Members  may  have  a  feeling 
with  them  in  the  businesse."    In  MS.  Sloane  3317.  art.  8,  is  Morton's 


23 

''eomplamt  to  tbe  Lords'  Committee  of  London  against  the  Soots'  ill  usage 
ctfhim.'* 

§viii.    His  lene/acHons. 

^'  Dr  Morion^  whiles  he  was  Bishop  of  Lichfield  did  abate  a 
good  part  of  his  fine  to  increase  the  portion  of  the  Minister 
in  the  Vicarage  of  Pitchley  in  Northamptonshire^  belonging  to 
his  Bishoprick."  Jer.  Stephens^  preface  To  the  Reader^  before 
Snr  H.  Spelman^s  Larger  Treatise  Concermng  Tithes,  Lond. 
1647.  4to.    Signat.  (?4. 

He  was  a  benefactor  to  St  John's  library,  and  as  such  is 

commemorated  by  a  portrait  in  the  hall,  and  by  the  following 

book-plate. 

Donayit 

B.  in  Christo  P.  ac  D.D. 

THO.  MOKTONTJS 

&  Theologise  Doct.  hiyiu  Collegii  olim  discipnlns  &  Sociiu;  Gloeestretu 
ac  postea  WitUon,  Becanua;  Cestrens.  primmn,  deinde  Coven,  d  Lichf. 
tandemqne  Dunelm.  Episcopns :  qui  at  de  Ecdesia,  itk  &  de  Collegio  hoc 
nostro  Matribtis  siiis  charissimis  optim^  merendo  (opera  loquantnr)  inde- 
fessas,  in  hanc  Bibliothecam  pleniiLs  &  exquiaitibs  InBtniendam  100  im« 

pendit  libras 

Anno  Salutis  "'     1628. 

Iternqne 

anno  1634 ;-100  li. 

anno  1637 ^100  li. 

anno  1639 100  IL 

He  gave  the  site  for  the  grammar  school  at  Bishop^s  Auck- 
land {Charity  Commission  Report,  xxi.  38). 

§  vu    Unpublished  Letters  of  Morton. 

The  following  letters  have  never,  I  believe,  appeared  in  print ; 
to  those  from  King^s  College  I  obtained  access  by  the  kindness 
of  the  Eev.  Thos.  Brocklebank. 

I.  Morton  to  the  president  of  St  John's.  Requires  his 
fiirderance  in  gracing  Richard  Badley  with  a  bachelorship. 

II.  Same  to  Dr  Collins.    19  April,  1619-     Thanks  for  his 


24 

book  [l^hata  f  4to.  Cambr.  1617] ;  recommends  his  kinsman 
Edward  Morton. 

III.  Same  to  St  John's  college.  22  June,  1621.  The  zeal 
which  he  bears  to  the  very  walls  of  St  John's  has  moved  him 
to  urge  upon  the  bailifib  of  Shrewsbury  the  duty  of  founding 
fellowships  or  scholarships  in  the  college. 

IV.  Same  to  Dr  Gwinn,  recommending  Morton  for  a  fel- 
k)wship. 

v.  St  Johnls  college  to  Morton.  Apr.  28,  1628.  Have 
sent  him  a  catalogue  of  their  books,  that  he  may  add  to  them 
at  his  discretion. 

VI.  Morton  to  St  John's  college.  6  July,  1628.  Has  com- 
pared their  catalogue  with  others,  in  order  to  select  the  best 
books.  Many  Greek  books  which  he  had  designed  to  give,  were 
already  in  the  library. 

VII.  St  John's  college  in  reply.  Hare  received  the  books 
and  will  set  up  a  tablet  commemorating  the  gift. 

VIII.  Note  of  a  letter  from  Morton  to  Collins.  27  Feb* 
163|.     About  the  Eucharist. 

IX.  Same  to  same.  4  Apr.  1633.  On  the  term  altar.  Be- 
commends  his  little  bachelor  Loe. 

I. 

Original;  from  the  archives  of  St  John's  college.  Morton  to 
the  president  of  the  college. 

Mr  prsesident:  always  treuly  aifected,  I  owe  comendations 
unto  you,  &  still  longe  for  your  salutations.  My  prsesent  occasio 
is  to  requyre  your  furderance  in  gracing  my  man  Bichard  Badley^ 

^  Bichard  Baddleley,  afterwards  Bp.  Morton's  secretary,  and  the  author 
of  the  Bishop's  Life.  York,  1669.  See  Oasauboni  EpistolcB,  ed.  Almel., 
No.  1050.  P.  S.  "  Richardum  Baddeleium  tuum  ut  hie  salutem  et  valere 
juheam  permittes,  credo,  mihL"  In  the  preface  to  Morton's  Life  he  says 
of  himself:  "  I,  who  had  been  his  Servant  and  Secretary  fur  the  space  of  50. 
years  {d  quod  excurrit)  being  quite  outed  of  such  Offices  and  employment 
as  I  had  under  his  Lordship,  by  these  late  woefull  and  destructive  Times  ; 
did  think  with  my  selfe,  that  I  could  not  better  bestow  some  part  of  my 


25 

"99^  a  batchdlQrBhipp,  it  hath  been  the  motio  of  M'  Proctor, 
&  his  owne  desyre,  w^  I  wishe  may  sacceed  if  y*  Statute  of  y* 
House  may  possibly  permitt  it.  I  know  him  to  be  both  learned 
&  of  sober  conyersatid,  &  hath  deserued  of  me  as  much  as  a 
servant  can  do.  I  prsesume  y^  M'  Deane  our  master  will  be 
willinge  to  pleasure  me  in  him,  as  I  hope  &  have  requested  him, 
not  being  seur,  by  a  letter,  not  to  neglect  your  selfe.  Thinke  that 
I  knew  the  cause.  When  I  wryte  vnto  you,  I  wryte  vnto  other 
my  frends,  or  rather  I  need  not  to  wryt  vnto  them.  Farewell, 
our  Lord  Jesus  prseserye  vs  to  y*  glorie  of  his  saving  grace. 

Yo'  loving  frend 

&  Brother  Th:  Morton. 
Comend  me  vnto  M  Do'  Carye. 

To  the  w"^,  his  most  assiu^d  kind  freind  M*^  Gwinn  Pr8&- 
sident  of  S*  Jhons  College  in  Gabridge  bee  these  de^. 

II. 
Original ;  signature  only  autograph ;  at  King^s  College. 

Morton  to  Dr  Collins. 
M'.  Provost. 

J  have  bene  long  indebted  vnto  you,  for  twoo  speciall 
tokens  of  yo'  love ;  throne,  in  bestowing  vpon  mee  Libru  ver& 
Tuum:  w^,  if  I  had  said  vnto  any  other  person,  would  be  (I 
am  persuaded)  an  egregious  coinendacon  therof.  And  yet 
(when  J  reade  it)  J  could  not  tell  whether  yo'  name  did  rather 
eomend  it,  or  the  worthines  of  It  comend  you.  This  J  must  con* 
fesse,  Quoties  ad  ilium  yenio,  toties  redeo  doctior.  Th^  other  is 
yo^  kind  respect  vnto  my  kinsman  Ed.  Mort(m\  in  giving  him  a 

still-decaying  old  Age,  then  in  recollecting  and  laying  together  some  such 
memorable  particulars,  as  I  had  observed  (of  his  Life)  during  my  attend- 
ance on  his  Lordship ;  which  thing  I  then  undertook,  and  having  finished 
it,  after  my  rude  Stile ;  I  sent  it  up  to  his  Lordship,  (then,  though  unwil- 
ling^y,  sojourning  in  Hartfordshire)  for  that  I  would  attempt  nothing  in 
that  kind,  without  his  liking  and  approbation."  Barwick  had  a  sight  of 
Baddleley's  papers,  when  in  the  bishop's  hands. 


26 

posslbilitie  of  being  a  member  of  that  yo'  royall  fmidac5n,  vt^  (J 
hope,  and  doe  earnestlye  desire)  that  you  will  accomplish,  by  yo' 
good  meanes,  that  it  may  come  into  Act.  And  for  myne  owne 
part  J  shalbe  ready,  as  now  Agere^  so  heerafter  Dare  graUas^  by 
the  Uke  testimonie  of  my  loue,  whensoea'  occasion  shall  require. 
In  the  interim  I  comend  you  to  the  proteccon  of  the  Almightie, 
desiring  o'  Lord  Jesus  to  preserve  us  to  the  glorie  of  his  sauing 
Grace. 

Yo'  verie  loving  Fnnd 

Westm'  '^^ '  ^^"^  •  *^^  ^<^* 

April  19^ 

To  the  right  woor" 
my  very  assured  frind  ^ 
J)\  GoUins,  provost 
of  Einges  GoU.  in 

Gambridge. 
d. 
Endorsed.  B^.  Mortons  Lre.  Apr:  19.  619. 
[See  various  particulars  respecting  Dr  Samuel  Gollins  in  Ben- 
tham's  Elf/,  261;  Garter's  Cambridge  Univ.  4,  153,  161,  168; 
Fuller's  Worthies  (8^  ed.),  i.  209;  Duport's  Musce  Subsee.  92; 
Wood's  Ath.  Oxon,  ii.  663  Bliss ;  he  has  verses  in  Epiced.  Oantahr. 
1612,  pp.  58,  60,  109  seq.,  before  Rainbow's  funeral  sermon 
on  the  countess  of  Suffolk  (see  R's  Life,  83),  in  Genethliac,  Caroli 
et  JIfarieF,  1631,  pp.  3,  4,  and  in  Carmen  natal,  pr.  Elisahethce 
1635,  sign.  A  b  and  Kfl ;  Lloyd's  Memmres,  452 ;  he  was  ejected 
from  the  provostship  and  Fen  Ditton  (Walker,  ii.  150,  215;  MS. 
Baker,  xxvii.  441.  xlii.  249  b  seq.)  and  his  children  allowed  fifths 
(ibid,  xxvii.  405);  also  from  Pidley  and  Fenton,  Hunts,  and 
Milton,  Cambs.  ibid,  424,  427 ;  Fuller's  Cambridge,  ed.  Wright, 
315,  319,  320;  he  preached  a  funeral  sermon  on  prof.   Geo. 

^  Edward  Morton  {Registrum  Regal,  1618 ;  Harwood,  Alumni  Eton. 
220),  preb.  of  Chester,  and  rector  of  Seffcon  (Walker,  ii.  11,  309,  Hardy's 
Le  Neve,  iil  271,  Wood's  Fasti  Ox<m.  i.  495  Bliss). 


27 

Porter,  and  was  generally  in  lavdaioAiB  hyperboUeus^  FuIIer^s 
Wor(hie»y  i.  345;  index  to  Worthington^s  Diary;  there  is  an 
elegy  on  him  in  Hookers  Antux/nda^  &c.  (1653)  99  seq.  (misprinted 
299) ;  he  was  in  the  commission  of  the  peace  for  Oambridgeshire 
1625  (Bjrmer,  xviii.  570);  there  is  a  letter  to  him  from  Sir 
Henry  Wotton  in  Burnet's  lAfe  of  Bedell^  253  seq.  He  seems 
to  have  held  an  even  balance  between  the  parties  which  divided 
the  chnrch,  for  he  acquitted  Sylvester  Adams  when  charged  with 
preaching  popery  at  St  Mary's  (Prynne's  Canterb.  Doome^  193, 
Gooper^s  Annals^  iii.  287),  and  on  the  other  hand  compelled  a  lead- 
ing puritan  to  proceed  doctor  of  divinity  {Lif$  and  death  of  Doctor 
Gouge  in  Samuel  Clarke's  lA'oes  [1677],  240 :  ''Anm  ChrisH,  1628, 
he  proceeded  Doctor  of  Dimnity^  at  which  time  eight  London 
Ministers  proceeded  Doctors,  upon  which  occasion,  Doctor  CoUins^ 
the  then  Begins  Professor^  put  up  Master  Owiges  Degree,  and 
procured  it  to  pass  in  the  Begent-house,  before  he  had  any 
notice  thereof,  and  without  his  consent,  whereby  he  did  in  a  man- 
ner force  him  to  take  his  Degree ;  yet  so  as  when  he  heard  what 
was  done,  he  readily  went  to  Cambridge^  and  performed  all  his 
Acts,  according  to  the  Statutes  of  the  University''^).  His  sayings 
were  often  repeated,  and  seem  sometimes  to  have  given  offence. 
Hackees  Life  of  WUliamSy  ii.  61 :  •*  This  Bishop  visited  Kings's 
College  in  Cambridge^  upon  the  Petition  of  the  Fellows  thereof, 
anno  1628.  When  he  shewM  himself  to  be  a  great  Civilian  and 
Canonist,  before  those  learned  Hearers ;  but  the  Cause  went  for 
the  right  worthy  Provost  Dr  Collins^  in  whose  Government  the 
Bishop  could  perceive  neither  Carelessness  nor  Covetousness. 
The  most  that  appeared  was,  That  the  Doctor  had  pelted  some  of 
the  active  Fellows  with  Slings  of  Wit:  At  which  the  Visitor 
laughM  heartily,  and  past  them  by,  knowing  that  the  Provosf  s 
Tongue  could  never  .be  wormM  to  spare  his  Jests,  who  was  the 
readiest  alive  to  gird  whom  he  would  with  innocent  and  facetious 
Urbanity.'"  Plume'*s  Life  of  Edciety  li :  "  His  voice  was  ever 
wonderful  sweet  and  clear,  so  that  Dr  CoUim  would  say,  he  had 


28 

the  finest  BeU  in  the  Unitemty,  and  m  one  of  his  Speeches 
termM  him  rjx^cb  Terrtf,  i.e.  Caiwra  Cieada.'*^  Life  and  Death 
of  Doctor  Harris  (in  Clarke,  u.s.  319):  "Master  Lancaster^  tL 
very  humble,  and  self-denying  man,  who,  though  by  birth  he  was 
a  good  Grentleman,  and  had  sometime  been  fellow  in  Kings 
CoUedge  in  Camhridgey  where  he  had  read  sundry  publick  Lec- 
tures, and  made  many  Speeches,  and  (as  Doctor  Collins^  that 
Master  of  Language  used  to  say)  delivered  himself  in  as  pure 
Latine  as  ever  Ihilly  spake,  having  no  other  Notes  to  help  him, 
but  what  he  wrote  upon  his  own  Nails.^  Bawley'^s  Life  of  Bacon 
(ed.  Spedding),  16:  "Doctor  Samuel  Collins,  late  provost  of 
Eing^s  College  in  Cambridge,  a  man  of  no  vulgar  wit,... affirmed 
unto  me.  That  when  he  had  read  the  boot  of  the  Advancement  of 
Learning^  he  found  himself  in  a  case  to  begin  his  studies  aneWy 
<md  that  he  had  lost  all  the  time  of  his  studying  be/ore.''*  Calamy'*s 
Account  (Lond.  1713),  498.  "  Samuel  Hammond^  B.D.  Bom  in 
York,  and  educated  in  King'^s- College  in  Cambridge^  where  he  was 
Servitor  to  that  eminent  Begins  Professor  of  Divinity,  Dr  Samuel 
Collins,  who  heartily  lovM  a  Witt,  and  could  not  endure  any  but 
such  about  him.**^  There  is  a  letter  to  him  in  Casauboni  EpistoUs 
(ed.  Almelov.  N^  763,  p.  443  seq.,  dated  17  Kal.  Jan.  1612, 
on  the  Eudsemon-Joannis  controversy).  Collins  was  a  friend  of 
G.  J.  Vossius  (Vossii  Epist,  ed.  Colomes.  140  a,  142  b;  Clara- 
rwm  virorum  ad  Vossium  Fpistol^B,  69  b).  A  letter  from  Cosin  to 
Collins  concerning  the  Sabbath  is  printed  in  Cosin's  Works, 
iv.  451  seq.  His  will  (proved  6  Oct,  1651)  is  in  MS.  Baker  xxvi. 
205.] 

III. 
Original;  from  the  archives  of  St  John'^s  College. 
Morton  to  Dr  Gwynn. 
Salutem  in  Christo  Jesu. 
Bight  wor**:  &  Beloued: 
At  my  late  visitacon  in  Shrewsburie,  vnderstanding  the  In- 
terest which  y*  Bpp  of  Lichfeild  hath  in  that  schoole,  &  the 


29 

Bdatioii  it  hath  vnto  St  Johns  Oolledg  in  Gambr.  the  zeale  which 

I  in  dutie  beare  to  the  very  walles  of  St  Johns,  moved  me  to  be 

more  inquisitive  into  y^  Tenure  of  y*  Foundacon  of  y^  schoole, 

whereby  (as  may  appeare)  there  is  ordayned,  that  provision  shalbe 

made  for  y^  founding  of  Fellowshipps  or  Scholarshipps  in  St  Johns, 

according  to  y"  proportionable  increase  of  y*  Stock,  w°^  I  wished 

y«  Baylifies  then  accordingly  to  effectuate :  since,  the  succeeding 

Baylifies  have  accordingly  addressed  this  their  Messinger  vnto 

you,  whome  I  have  found  to  be  most  faithful!  to  y^  schoole  & 

truly  devoted  to  our  CoUedg :  My  earnest  request  is  y*  you  wilbe 

pleased  to  imbrace  such  motions  as  shalbe  convenient,  least  y*  the 

reiecting  of  them  may  frustrate  /  charitable  intendm^  of  so  royal! 

a  foundacon.    Thus  not  doubting  of  yo'  religious  Care  herein 

I  comend  you  to  the  protection  of  the  Alraightie  &  Best 

Yo'  loving  freind 

Thos:  Couen:  et  Lichff. 
Lambeheth  22^ 

Junij  162!. 

[Only  the  signature  is  autograph.] 

To  the  R:  Wor°:  my  very  loving  freind  D'  Gwyn  Master 
of  St  Johns  Golledg  in  Gambr.  &  y®  Senio"  of  y^  same  dr. 

IV. 

Original ;  from  the  archives  of  St  John^s  GoUege. 
Same  to  same. 

Salutem  in  Christo  Jesu. 

Doctor  Gwin. 

I  am  now  calling  to  mynd  o*^  ancient  familliarity,  vpon  w^ 

head,  as  I  shall  desire  my  request  may  be  accepted,  soe  I  doe 

hereby  offer  to  be  comaunded  by  you  in  what  I  may.     This 

bearer  Mr:  Morton^  I  doe  greatly  affect,  not  soe  much  for  name- 

'  This  name  does  not  occur  in  the  elections  under  Dr  Gwynn. 


80 

Bake,  as  for  his  owne  merritt;  Yf  therefore  his  Country  may 
priviledge  him  to  stand  for  a  Fellowship  w^  you,  then  my  earnest 
desire  is  that  you  would  stand  for  him,  to  preferr  him  (Cseteris 
paribus)  before  others,  and  that  hee  may  herein  be  beholding 
especially  to  yo**  selfe,  and  I  for  him.  And  thus  comending  you 
to  the  proteecon  of  the  Almightie  I  rest. 

yo'  ancient  &  true  freind 

Tho :  Gouen  et  Lichff. 
To  the  Right  Wor":  my  Loveing  Freind  M';  Dcor:  Gwin 
Master  of  Sh  Johns  GoUedge  in  Cambridge these. 

V. 

St  John^s  College  to  Mobton. 

Baker's  MS.  XXVII.  276.    Register  of  Letters  in  St  John's 
treasury,  p.  280. 

Reverendissimo  in  Christo  Fatri  et  Dno:  nostro  Honorando  Dno : 
Thomse  providentia  divina  Epo.  Covent:  et  Lich: 

Reverendissime  in  Christo  Pater  et  Domine  multis  nominibus 
honorande,  In  hoc  mundi  senio  tu  revirescis,  et  inter  ruinas 
human!  generis  stas  erectus.  Vetus  est  vaticinium*,  -^vyiyo-era* 
17  dydirr}  r&v  TToXKoiv,  Refngescet  multorum  charitas ;  &  absque 
te  foret,  pene  nullam  'in  terris  crederemus  superesse  charitatem. 
Tu  non  solum  magna  loqueris,  sed  vivis,  et  quod  de  Davide 
Frimasius,  cor,  et  lingua,  et  calamus  exprimit  Regem*^  Apud 
nostrates  benefactis,  apud  exteros  scriptis  (Bellarmino  jam  a  te 
debellato)  clarissimus.  Hoc  autem  beneficio  tuo  in  Collegium 
D:  Johannis  nostrum=tuum  coUato  exegisti   Monumentum  sere 

perennius, 

Vives  extento^  sancte  Pater,  aeyo 
Notua  in  fiatrea  animi  patemi*. 

^  S.  Matt.  xxiv.  12. 

'  exp,  R.  Baker's  correction  for  e9  primi  Regis, 
.  '  See  Hor.  carm.  ii.  2, 5,  6. 


31 

Et  qaod  dbdt  AmbroBius  tuus,  cum  in  hae  vita  landem,  turn 
in  altera  coronam  meruisti.  Yerum  est,  quod  dixit  Eusebius, 
boni  yiri  o£Eicium  ease,  non  solum  vivis,  sed  etiam  mortuia  prodesse. 
Tna  benigna  charitas  utramque  implevit  paginam,  utpote  qua 
Bibliothecam  (seternse  memorise  monimentum)  ab  Honoratissimo 
Patrono  nostro  Epo:  Lincoln:  usque  ad  invidiam  magnifice  ex- 
tractam  libris  expressia  tui  Imaginibus  decorare,  adomare,  pen^ 
dixeram  beare  voluisti. 

Nam  chartis  nee  fnrta  nooenty  nee  secula  pnesunty 
Solaque  non  norunt  hsc  monimenta  mori  K 

De  nomendatura  Librorum,  de  qua  jussu  tuo  scripait  Andreas 
Woods',  perscribere  aliquid  piaculum  esaet.  Tu  enim  (eruditis- 
fiime  Praeaul)  experientia,  judicio,  prudentia  nuUi  mortalium  aup- 
plicas.  Ergo  igitur  misimus  Gatalogum  librorum  quos  habemus, 
tui  judicii  erit  (quod  Aquinati  Gajetanus)  Bibliothecse  noatrse  Sup- 
plementum  addere.  Jactitant  Galli  de  Schola  Pariaienai,  illam  ac. 
esse  fundamentum  Eccleaise.  At  tu  Honoratiasimo  ac  deaidera- 
tissimo  comiti  Southamptonienai  secundua,  vivus  et  videna  pro- 
baati  Scholam  Johannensem  eaae  EccIeaisD  columen  et  funda- 
mentum. Hoc  unum  enixisaime  oramus,  ut  inter  libros  a  te 
deatinatoaadsint  et  opera  tua,ad  setemitatem  conacripta,  quae  iam 
ab  omnibus  desiderantur,  licet  (quod  dixit  Plinius'  de  libris  suis) 


1  Martial  x.  2, 11, 12. 

'  Andr.  Wooddes '  Salopiensis'  admitted  foundation  scholar  10  Noy.  1602 ; 
B.A.  160| ;  M.  A.  1609 ;  foundation  fellow,  30  Mar.  1610 ;  sublector  Porpbirii, 
JoL  1613 ;  examinator  philosophiae,  Jul.  1614 ;  B.D.  1616  ;  college  preacher, 
8t  Mark's  day  1621 ;  senior  fellow,  19  Apr.  1631 ;  senior  dean,  22  Jan.  163{; 
16  Dea  1636 ;  D.D.  1639.  He  has  verses  in  Epiced,  Cantabr,  (1612)  16  seqq. 
in  Oenethliacum  Acad,  Cant.  (1631),  92 ;  and  in  the  collections  on  the 
deaths  of  qu.  Anne  (1619)  and  of  James  I.  In  the  Cambridge  uniyersity 
libraiy  (MS.  Dd.  iii.  78)  are  1.  The  litany,  with  a  dedication  to  lord  Holland^ 
chancellor  of  the  uniyersity;  2.  a  petition  to  king  Charles,  both  by  Wooddes, 
and  both  in  Latin  hexameters.  See  Notes  and  Queries,  sec.  ser.  iy.  349, 
V.  138. 

*  Lib.  I.  £p.  2.  §  6. 


d2 

exuerint  gratiam  novitatis.    Deiis  Opt:  Max:  te  incolomem  diutis- 
fiime  servet,  qui  es  prsesidium  et  dulce  decus  nostram. 

Honoris  tui  studioossimi. 
April:  28*  1628, 

VI. 

Morton  to  St  John's  College. 
Baker's  MS.  XXVII.  277.     Register,  p.  282. 

A  Letter  from  Dr  Morton  Ld:  Bp:  of  Lich:  &  Cov: 

Salutem  in  Ghristo  Jesa 

Non  prius  Bibliothecam  illam  vestram  (viri  orna- 
tissimi)  cura  et  impensis  Epi  Lincoln:  Mecsenatis  clarissimi,  quasi 
opus  plane  Gsesareum  extructum  audio ;  quin  ansam  ego  lubens 
arripio,  turn  gratulandi  vobis  de  tanto  beneficio,  turn  etiam,  quoad 
res  nostrse  ferunt,  gratificandi.  Quam  primum  hoc  vobis  innotuit, 
continue  ad  me  advolant  Literse  vestrse,  mihi  certe  quidem  longe 
gratissimse,  quod  et  nomina  vestra  sigillatim  designant,  et  Johannen- 
sis  coUegii,  celeberrimi  nimirum,  auspicatissimse  nutricis  nostrse 
reprsesentant  memoriam,  vobis  scio  charam,  in  se  honorificam, 
apud  me  semper  sacram.  Quanquam  non  is  ego  sum  (si  bene  me 
novi)  qui  tantis  enoomiis,  quae  in  me  contulistis,  par  esse  possum ; 
utpote  quibus,  non  tam  me  omatum,  quam  oneratum  sentiam. 
Sed  ad  rem.  De  supplemento  librorum  quod  scribitis,  equidem 
Isetus  legi,  totusque  in  hoc  fui,  ut  si  minus  satisfacere,  attamen 
aliqua  ex  parte  re^ndere  possem  votis  vestris,  imo  meis.  Deinde 
nomenclaturam  librorum  quam  misistis,  amplector  perscrutorque 
diligentius,  et  simul  Gatalogos  alios  pervolvo,  quibus  inter  se  coUatis 
librorum  prsecipuorum  delectum  mihi  prsereptum  esse  deprehendo; 
quod  non  potuit  non  segre  accidere,  mihi  prsesertim,  cui  turn 
decretnm  erat,  primarias  illas  Thecas  optimorum,  inprimis  Grseco* 
rum  scriptorum  voluminibus  replere,  adomare,  et  (ut  ita  dicam) 
informare,  animareque.  Quid  fit !  alios  quoad  fieri  licuit  insigni- 
oris  noise  Autores  exquiro,  quos  deinde  ad  vos  mittendos  curavi. 


33 

(jQibos  (nam  id  vos  impetrastiB)  aliqtiot  meos,  ceu  Acolythoe,  vel 
aasedaB  potius,  adjungere  libuit.  Hosce  otxmes  tanquam  erga 
istud  Collegium  gratitudinis  testes,  eiga  vos  amicitise  pignora, 
erga  bonarum,  prsecipue  Sacrarum  literarum  studiosos,  benevo* 
lentise  mese  monnmenta,  Bibliothecse  Johanoensi  dico,  addico, 
oonsecroque.  Vestrum  erit  tandem,  hoc  quicquid  est  (si  cum 
Episcopi  Lincoln:  munificentia  conferatur)  munusculi,  sane  veluti 
Yiduee  evangeiicse  KoSpdvrrfv^  non  quantum  sit,  sed  ex  qnantillo 
oitum  sestimare.  Deniqne  (quod  unum  restat)  Patrem  nostrum 
per  nnicum  Mediatoiem  Christum  Jesum  precor,  ut  quaecunque 
m  iDa  Bibliotbecaria  vestra  yariorum  Autorum,  tanquam  diversa- 
nim  pixidum  Apothecaria  officina,  versantur  ingenia,  Divini 
Spiritus  ejus  ductu  ita  exacte  probent  omnia,  quodque  bonum 
est  deoemant  juxta  et  approbent,  ut  studia  illorum  omnia  cedant 
ad  Dei  ^oriam,  Beip:  Christianse  emolumentum,  ipsorumque  adeo 
salutem  sempitemam.  In  Christo  Jesu  valete,  Symmistse  op- 
timi,  et  amantem  vestri  amate. 

Tho:^Coven:  et  Lichf: 
Lond;  69:  JuUi  1628. 


VII. 

Sr  John'^b  College  in  reply. 

Baker's  MS.  xxvii.  27.8.    Blister,  p.  283. 

An  Answer  from  the  Colledge  to  the  former  Letter. 

Eev*:  in  X*®:  Pater  et  Domine  multis  nominibus  Honorande, 

Accepimus  cum  summo  officio,  nexu,  et  mancupio  amoris 
h'teras  et  Libros  Amplitudinis  tuse.  Bevirescit  jam  tandem  et 
lacertos  moVet  Collegium  tuum  Johannense,  nunc  tua  Magnifi* 
centia  quasi  postliminio  redivivum. 

O  qui  complexus,  0  qualia  dona  fuerunt  f 

3 


34 

y  otis  nostris  quam  abunde  satisfiiceres,  d  quod  ficribis  te  audi- 
Tiflse  tantam,illud  visa  etiam  et  prsesentia  honestaie  (Inertis  est  hoc 
vocabulum  agnificatioiiis)  ornare  et  beare  velles.  Quippe  Bibli- 
otheca  ab  Honoratissiino  Patrono  nostroDno:  Epo:  Lincoln: 
magnificentissime'  extructa  nunquam  erit  perfecta  et  consum- 
mata,  donee  tu  (Doctissime  Prsesul)  viva  tua  Bibliotheca,  te  ipso, 
nostram  decorare,  animare,  koI  efi'^xrxpv  iroielv  volueris.  Non  est 
ut  dicamua  aliquid  de  encomiis  illis,  quse  tu  (ea  tua  est  divina 
modestia)  refugis  et  insuper  babes;  laudabit  te  sera  Juventus; 
quinetiam  dignissimus  noster  Prsefectus  (qui  tibi  olim  ab  intimis 
erat,  et  nunc  est)  una  cum  onmibus  Div»  Maigaretse  Alumnis 
Magnificentiam  tuam  omni  sevo  sacram  sanctamque  addioet  et 
commendabit.  Lateritium  hoc  nostrum  Collegium  tu  marmoreum 
fecisti.  Nos  itaque,  ut  par  est,  in  hcmorem  et  memoriam  tuam 
votivas  Tabulas  parietibus  Bibliothecse  nostrse  affigemus,  et 
setemum  numen  iZicbKeiirrw^  oiabimus,  ut  te  benignissimum 
nostrum  Patronum  diutissime  servet  incolumem,  qui  Fulcrum 
es  nutantis  Eodesise  et  Golumen  Belp:  et  Lumen  Collegii 
Johannensis. 

Pietati  tuse  devotissimi) 
Mr:  et  Seniores.  J  * 


vm. 

[Another in  Latin  from  Tho:  Dunehn:  Londini  27  Feb:  1632. 
About  oblation  in  the  Eucharist,  and  the  term  altar.  Only  the 
signature  autograph.] 


3ff 


IX. 

MoBTON  to  the  Provost. 

Otig.    Signatiire  only  autograph.    At  Eiog^s  College. 

galutem  in  Gro  Jesu. 
M'.  Provost 

Soe  many  testimonies  of  your  Love,  must  be  vnto  me  soe 
many  obligations  of  mine  vnto  yow  againe.  J  should  have 
answered  your  former  letters,  if  J  had  not  been  p'vented  by  your 
bst,  whereby  J  partly  peieeave  noe  answere  was  expected.  Trust 
me  IK.  GoUins,  your  respects  vnto  me  are  as  welcome  as  any 
others,  or  as  they  can  be  to  any  other,  for  J  haue  longe  time  held 
jow  in  my  brest,  nor  shall  any  sinister  reporte  ever  dispossesse 
me,  soe  longe  as  J  may  receaue  satisfaction  from  your  selfe,  yett 
with  that  equalitie  of  freindshipp,  as  beinge  willinge  to  retume 
yow  satisfaction  in  like  case.  Oh  how  J  longe  to  imbrace  yow 
before  J  be  seated  in  the  North ;  Your  Paradox  (which  J  should 
call  Theorem)  I  should  like  better  if  it  were  in  the  positiue,  Ne- 
guiter  defenditer  (sic)  mchrificium  (sic)  pontificiorvm ;  because 
mdius  defenditer  (sic)  on  our  parte  may  suppose  a  minvs  recte 
on  theirs :  which  weere  In  grandi  sacrilegio  remme  et  ewUU^r  agere. 
One  thinge  I  shall  p'sent  vnto  yow,  which  vpon  iust  occasion  J 
published  the  last  daye,-to  witt,  God  never  ordeined  an  Altar  for 
eaiinge  and  driaking.  But  the  Table  of  the  Lord  was  ordeined 
for  eatmge  and  drinkinge,  and  therefore  is  it  not  properly  an  Al- 
tar^ which  is  confirmed  by  the  1  Go:  10:  21:  as  I  alleaged  in  the 
Treatise  of  the  Mazse^  Bo  :  6 :  Ca :  2 :  sec.  2.  And  for  further 
Corroboration,  wee  may  take  the  Argument  of  Bellarmine  (by 
inver^on)  alleaged  in  the  same  place,  where  he,  mistakinge  the 
word  AUar  for  Table^  did  argue  thus,  The  Apostle  (saith  bee) 
compareth  the  Altar  of  the  Lord  with  the  Altar  of  Diuels^  ergo, 
bee  vnderstood  it  to  be  properly  an  AUar.    Thus  it  pleased  God, 

3—2 


36 

to  in&ttiate  that  Baman  Diekxhr^  nor  can  there  be  any  shadow  of 
derogation  hereby:  because  it  is  not  imaginable  that  an  Altar  of 
the  Lord  can  be  more  holy  than  is  the  Table  of  the  Lord,  noe, 
but  in  as  much  as  the  new  Testament  is  more  excellent,  this  must 
rather  exceed  that.  Yow  kindly  bringe  to  my  Remembrance  an 
obiection  j9ro  adoratione  imaginvmy  which  I  doe  the  rather  record 
because  of  Dr.  Flayfer  his  exposition  then  against  me,  for  takinge 
his  person  vpon  me  in  way  of  moderation,  sayinge,  that  Non  conr 
eipimus  Deum^  nisi  Kar  a<\>aip€<TLV  tk  ivavritt.  The  other  ques- 
tion, De  oratime  ad  solam  triniiaiem^  will  need  some  distinction, 
because  of  the  prayer  of  S*  Steeyen  to  Christ,  and  that  in  our 
Letany,  severally  to  the  Three  Persons.  Sed  quid  ego  hose  bar- 
butio  {iie)  apudimsigmmmum  Theologwm  f  I  pray  yow  admitt  to 
your  p'sence  my  little  Bachelor  Loe\  and  incourage  him  by  your 
posalls ;  J  trust  that  Ood  hath  destinated  him  to  be  a  singular 
Organ  in  his  Temple,  the  Church  of  God.  Alas  J  have  forgotten 
your  late  groninge,  vnder  the  burden  of  much  businesse ;  J  there- 
fore prayinge  Our  Lord  Jesus  to  p'serve  yow  to  the  glory  of  his 
aavinge  Grace,  J  rest 

Yo'  louing  frend 

Tho:  Duresme. 
from  my  howse  in  St  Johnes 
the4thof  Aprilll633. 

To  the  right  wor".  and 

his  very  lovinge  fremd 

M'.  D".  Collins  Provost 

of  Kings  Colledge 

in  Cambridge 

these  d. 


^  One  Loe  was  ejected  from  the  lectareship  at  Aldermanbnry  in  1661 
(Galamy,  Account,  36;  where  Baker  notes,  ''Loe,  Sam.,  colL  Magd.  unua  e 
prsedkatoribuB  ab  academia  emittendis  an.  1661.") 


/ 


II.  Some  Account  op  Richabd  Sault,  Mathematician, 
and  one  of  the  Editors  of  the  Athenian  Mercury. 
Communicated  by  Chaales  Henby  Cooper,  F.S.A. 


[Read  7  Nov.  1864.] 


Thb  register  of  fit  Andrew  the  Great,  in  Cambridge,  records  the 
boriai  there  of  Bichard  Sault,  on  17  May,  1702. 

No  information  has  been  obtained  respecting  the  parentage 
or  education  of  this  person,  whose  name,  during  an  apparently 
brief  career,  occurs  in  connexion  with  curious  circumstances  in 
our  literary  history. 

On  17  March,  1690-1,  appeared  the  first  number  of: 

^'  7%s  Athenian  Gazette,  Besdring  Weekly  all  the  most 
Nice  and  Curious  Questions  Propose  by  the  Ingenious.^ 

The  second  number  came  out  on  24  March,  the  title  Merewy 
bmng  substituted  for  Oazette,  to  oblige  those  in  authority. 

These  two  numbers  were  written  by  John  Dimton,  the  noted 
bookseller,  and  Richard  Sault,  who  in  the  thurd  number  were 
joined  by  Dunton^s  brother-in-law,  Samuel  Wesley,  sometime 
rector  of  South  Ormsby,  in  Lincolnshire,  and  afterwards  of 
Epworth  in  the  same  county,  a  man  of  ability  and  erudition,  now 
principally  r^nembered  as  the  father  of  John  and  Charles  Wesley, 
the  founders  of  Methodism.     Articles  of  agreement  between 


38 

Wesley,  Sault  and  Dunton  relative  to  the  Atlienian  Mercury 
are  preserved.     They  bear  date  10  April,  1691. 

These  three  formed  the  Athenian  Society,  which  met  at 
Smithes  Coffee  House,  Stocks  Market,  in  the  Poultry,  where 
questions  were  sent  by  the  penny  post  (postage  paid). 

The  famous  philosopher  John  Norris,  rector  of  Bemerton, 
although  he  refused  to  become  a  member  of  the  Athenian  Society 
rendered  much  assistance.  Sq  extensive  wa^  his  reading,  so 
retentive  his  memory,  that  nothing  could  be  asked  but  he  could 
easily  say  something  to  the  purpose. 

Sir  William  Temple  did  not  disdain  to  seek  and  give  infor* 
mation  in  the  columns  of  the  Athenian  Mercury,  and  the  design 
had  the  warm  Approval  of  the  Marquess  of  Halifax,  Sir  William 
Hedges,  Sir  Thomas  Pope  Blount,  Sir  Peter  Pett,  and  other 
distinguished  men  of  letters. 

In  the  supplement  to  the  fifth  volume  appeared  an  Ode  to  the 
Athenian  Society  by  Jonathan  Swift.  This  occasioned  a  depre- 
ciatory remark  from  Dryden,  which  Swift  never  -forgot  nor  for- 
gave. 

The  Athenian  Society  was  also  eulogised  in  verse  by  Daniel 
de  Foe,  Nahum  Tate,  Peter  Anthony  Motteux  (the  translator  of 
Don  Quixote)  y  Elizabeth  Singer  (afterwards  so  well  known  as 
Mrs  Bowe)  and  Charles  fiichardson.  The  latter,  who  appears  to 
have  enjoyed  reputation  at  the  period,  is  now  wholly  forgotten. 

The  Athenian  Mercury  was  for  a  short  time  published  weekly, 
then  it  appeared  twice  a  week,  and  ultimately  four  times  a  week. 
Extra  numbers  and  supplements  were  also  published  occasionally. 
The  publication,  which  extended  without  interruption  until  8  Feb. 
1695-6,  was  resumed  14  May  till  14  June,  1697,  the  work  form- 
ing in  all  twenty  thin  folio  volumes.     Complete  sets  are  very  rare. 

Notwithstanding  the  change  in  the  name  from  Gazette  to 
Mercury  in  the  single  sheets,  each  volume  is  entitled  The  Athenian 
Gazette  or  Oaeuisticai  Mercury, 

Amidst  much  frivolous  and  some  indecorous  matter,  the 


89 

Aikmiian  Mercury  contains  many  cnrioua  facta  and  speoolationa, 
mth  a  profusion  of  odd  learning. 

From  the  Athenian  Mercury  was  compiled  Tke  Athenian 
Oracle  (Lond.  4  vcia,  8yo.  1703-10),  an  abridgement  of  which 
was  published  in  1820  (Lond.  8to.). 

The  supplements  to  the  Athenian  Mercury  contained  trans- 
lations from  foreign  literary  journals,  and  in  1692  the  Athenian 
Sodety  published  (Lond.  fo.)  The  Toung  Studenfs  lAhrary^  con- 
taining extracts  and  abridgements  of  the  most  yaluable  books 
printed  in  Eingland  and  [noticed]  in  the  Foreign  Journals.  Pre- 
fixed is  An  Essay  upon  all  sorts  of  learning,  written  by  the  Athe- 
nian Society,  and  the  work  comprehends  A  Discourse  on  the 
points,  vowels  and  accents  in  the  Hebrew  Bible,  by  a  member  of 
the  Athenian  Society. 

Charles  Gildon  wrote  a  History  of  the  Athenian  Society, 
Lond.  fb.  (James  Dowlay)  n.  d. 

The  success  of  the  Athenian  Mercury  led  to  rival  publica- 
tions. One  of  these  was  originally  entitled,  The  London  Mer- 
cury. It  commenced  1  Feb.  1691 — 2.  The  6th  and  7th  num- 
bers have  a  cut  representing  an  owl  on  the  back  of  a  raven. 
From  the  9th  number  the  title  was  changed  to  The  Lacedemonian 
Mercury.  This  was  conducted  by  the  facetious  Tom  Brown  and 
Mr  Pate.  Brown  met  the  Athenian  brethren  at  the  Three 
Oranes,  where  the  matter  was  discussed,  and  Sault  being  a  gen- 
tleman of  courage  and  a  Httle  inclined  to  passion  was  going  to 
draw  upon  Brown  for  an  uncivil  reflection.  Brown  ultimately 
promised  not  to  meddle  any  more  with  the  Lacedemonian  Mer- 
cury^  and  it  was  dropped.  Dunton  speaks  of  its  flaming  wicked- 
ness and  blasphemy. 

The  first  volume  of  the  Lacedemonian  Mercury  finished  with 
No.  31,  May  27,  1692.  The  second  volume  commenced  with 
No.  1,  May  30,  1692.  I  have  not  met  with  any  subsequent 
number. 

Of  the  Jofnal  Mercury  I  have  seen  four  numbers.    No.  1 


40 

has  no  date ;  No.  4  is  dated  17  Maroh,  1692  [1692-3].  I  have 
also  seen  four  numbers  of  The  Ladies  Mercury,  extending  from 
27  Feb.  to  17  March,  1693  [1693—4].  In  the  first  number  is 
an  Address  to  the  Athenians,  wherein  it  is  stated  that  the  under* 
taking  was  not  at  all  intended  to  encroach  on  their  province. 

Poor  Elkanah  Settle  in  1693  ridiculed  the  Athenian  Society 
in  a  play  which  some  call  The  New  Athenian  Comedy,  and  others 
the  Athenian  Coffee  House  (see  Biop.  Dram.  i.  641;  ii.  43). 
This  however  we  are  told  had  no  success. 
*  The  opinions  of  the  Athenian  Mercury  concerning  Infant 
Baptism  and  the  Society  of  Friends,  occasioned  the  following 
publications : 

1.  A  Bejoinder  to  the  Athenian  Mercury^  Vol.  4.  Numb.  18, 
concerning  the  Subject  of  Infant  Baptism,  published 
Saturday,  November  28,  1691,  4  pp.  fo.  signed  H.  C. 

2.  The  New  Athenians  no  Noble  Bereansi  Being  an  An- 
swer to  the  Athenian  Mercury  of  the  7th  Instant  [June 
1692],  in  behalf  of  the  People  called  Quakers.  2  pp.  fo. 

3.  The  Second  Part  of  the  Athenians  no  Noble  Bereans : 
Being  an  Answer  to  the  Athenian  Mercury  of  the  1 1th 
of  the  Fourth  Month  called  June  [1692],  in  behalf  of  the 
People  called  Quakers.  2  pp.  fo. 

4.  The  Third  Fart  of  the  New  Athenians  no  Noble  Bereans: 
being  an  Answer  to  the  Athenian  Mercury  of  the  14th 
4th  Month  called  June  [1692J,  in  behalf  of  the  People 
called  Quakers.  2  pp.  fo. 

5.  The  Holy  Scriptures  Owned,  and  the  Athenian  Injustice 
Detected,  By  the  Abused  Quaker.  2  pp.  fo. 

6.  The  Doting  Athenians  imposmg  Questions,  no  Proofs, 
or  Answer  to  theur  Questions  and  most  apparent  Mis- 
takes, about  the  People  commonly  caUed  Quakers, 
and  their  Profession.  This  being  our  5th  Answer  to  their 
Mercuries  of  the  7th,  llth  and  14th  of  Junekst  [1692]. 
2  pp.  fo.    Postscript  sign^    Charles  Bathurst,  John 


41 

Edrldge,  WiQiam  Meade,  Theodor  Eocleston,  William 

Ingram,  William  Crouch,  George  Whitehead,  Walter 

Benthall,  Thomas  Barker. 
In  1693  John  Dunton  published  in  12mo.  a  work  with  this 
title; 

'^The  Second  Spira:  Being  a  fearful  Example  of  An 
Atheist,  who  Had  Apostatized  from  the  Christian  Religion, 
and  dyed  in  Despair  at  Westminster,  Decemb.  8,  1692. 
With  an  Account  of  his  Sickness,  Convictions,  Discourses 
with  Friends  and  Ministers;  and  of  his  dreadful  Expres- 
sions and  Blasphemies  when  he  left  the  World.  As  also  a 
Letter  from  an  Atheist  of  his  Acquaintance,  with  his  An- 
swer to  it  Published  for  an  Example  to  others,  and  re- 
commended to  all  young  Persons,  to  settle  them  in  their 
Seligion.  By  J.  S.  a  Minister  of  the  Church  of  England, 
a  frequent  Visitor  of  him  during  his  whole  Sickness.^ 
Extracts  from  the  prefatory  matter  are  subjoined : 

^^  Being  often  importuned  by  several  of  my  nearer  Ac- 
quaintance, to  publish  the  following  Relation,  as  an  account 
that  might  be  very  useful  to  the  Publick,  particularly  against 
Profaneness  and  Atheism ;  and  finding  my  Business  at  pre- 
sent very  urgent  upon  me,  I  have  at  last  yielded  to  give  the 
Papers  and  Notes  which  I  took  during  the  whole  Visita- 
tion, to  a  Friend  of  mine,  to  put  ^em  in  some  kind  of 
Method  and  Order  for  the  Press:  And  having  examined 
the  Piece,  now  Jtis  perfected,  with  the  Original  Notes  and 
Papers  which  I  drew  myself,  I  find  the  substance  and  ma- 
terial Part  very  faithfully  done. 

^*It  cannot  be  expected  by  the  Reader  that  the  Stile 
and  Words  are  verbatim  the  same  as  delivered,  especially 
the  two  Letters,  which  are  in  the  following  Tract,  but  as  far 
as  I  remember,  and  as  my  Notes  will  assist  me,  (in  taking 
of  which  I  used  all  the  Sincerity  and  Care  I  could)  I  dare 
afiSrm  that  there^s  nothing  material  left  out  nor  is  there  any 


42 

interpolations  which  are  not  genuine,  I  mean  such  as  do  not 

add  to  the  Sense,  but  only  expatiate,  in  order  to  ^ve  a 

plainer  Notion  and  Idea  of  the  Matter:   But  as  to  what 

that   Miserable  Grentleman  delivered  himself  (who  is  the 

Subject  of  this  Belation)  both  I  and  the  Methodizer  of  my 

Notes  have  been  superstitiously  Critical  to  give  them  as 

near  the  Truth,  and  very  Expressions,  as  we  could,  believing 

the  Reader  would  not  be  displeasM  to  have  as  Nice  and 

Exact  Account  of  that  part  of  the  Treatise  as  possibly  could 

be  met  with.    And  though  this  imhappy  Oentleman'^s  name 

is  omitted  for  weighty  Reasons,  mentioned  in  the  foUowing 

Pages :  Yet  if  any  one  doubts  the  Truth  of  any  Particulars 

in  the  following  Belation,  if  they  repair  to  Mr.  Dunton  at  the 

Baven  in  the  Poultry,  they  will  receive  fuU  Satisfaction/^ 
«  «  «  « 

*^  The  Attestation  of  the  Athenians. 

Ovr  Opinion  is.  That  this  Example  may  do  a  great 
Service  to  the  Age,  being  a  practicable  Argument  against 
Atheism  and  Irreligion.  The  Original  Notes  and  Papers 
of  the  Divine  that  visited  this  unhappy  Person  during  his 
whole  Sickness,  was  communicated  to  a  Member  of  our  So- 
ciety, and  by  him  drawn  up,  and  MethodizM  as  is  mention^ 
in  the  Prefiuse,  which  Preface  was  drawn  up  by  the  Divine 
himself." 

«  The  Attestation  of  Mr.  WoOey. 

The  Methodizer  of  this  History  being  a  Person  of  great 
Integrity,  the  Beader  has  not  reason  to  question  the  truth 
of  this  printed  Attestation  here  given  concerning  it ;  and 
what  commendation  I  shall  give  of  it,  will  be  serviceable  no 
longer  than  till  thou  hast  perused  it  through;  Thou  wilt 
find  such  Wine  in  it  as  needs  no  Bush.  This  only  I  shall 
say,  it  well  deserves  thy  serious  and  frequent  Perusal ;  and 
I  heartily  wish  those  pious  Oentlemen  ihat  have  Estates 
would  be  instrumental  in  dispersing  of  ^em  throughout  the 


43 

whole  Kingdom,  that  so  all  ranks  of  Men,  especially  the 

Youth  of  this  Nation,  might  reap  some  advantage  by  this 

extraordinary  and  amazing  Instance.     This  is  the  Sentiment 

and  hearty  Desire    of   thy  cordial  Friend  in  the    Lord, 

B.  WoUey,  M.A.'^ 

Bichard   WoUey,  who  signed  the  last  attestation,  was  of 

Queens'  GoUege,  Cambridge  (A.B.  1667-8,   M.A.  1671).     He 

was  a  clergyman,  the  author  of  CroUiw  Natitiay  or  the  present 

state  of  France  (1687,  1691),  and  of  other  works  published  by 

Dunton. 

The  Second  Bpira  had  a  prodigious  run,  thirty  thousand 
copies  being  sold  in  six  weeks. 

Several  clergymen  came  to  examine  Dunton  as  to  the  truth 
of  the  narrative.  He  took  them  to  Sault,  who  seems  to  have 
satisfied  some  of  them,  especially  Mr  JekyI,  a  London  divine  of 
great  repute.  Others,  however,  entertained  a  different  opinion, 
especially  as  Sault  could  never  give  an  account  where  Mr  Sanders, 
from  whom  he  said  he  had  received  the  memoirs,  lodged.  In  the 
end  it  became  evident  enough  that  the  Second  Spira  was  a  work 
of  ficticm. 

Dunton,  although  he  appears  to  have  acted  as  respects  this 
book  in  perfect  good  faith,  suffered  greatly  in  his  reputation  when 
it  was  discovered  that  the  public  had  been  imposed  upon.  He 
asserts  his  belief  that  Sault  had  himself  felt  the  terrors  of  con- 
science in^ch  he  so  powerfully  depicted. 

In  connection  with  this  remarkable  work  it  may  be  stated 
that  in  1697  appeared  A  True  Second  Spira;  or  Oom/ort  for 
Backsliders;  beii:^  an  account  of  the  death  of  Henry  Halford, 
with  some  account  of  Elizabeth  Boodger,  by  Thomas  Sewell 
(Lond.  4to.).  Subsequently  was  published,  The  Third  Spira ^ 
being  memoirs  of  a  young  English  gentleman  at  Paris  in  1717 
(2nd  edit.  Lond.  8vo.  1724). 

Sault,  at  the  close  of  1693,  is  described  as  Master  of  the 
Matliematical  School  in  Adam's  Court,  Broad  Street.    In  that 


44 

year  he  published  (but  with  the  date  of  1694),  at  the  end  of 
William  Leyboum's  Pleasure  with  Profit  (Lond.  fo.) : 

^'  A  New  Treatise  of  Algebra  according  to  the  kte  Im- 
provements.   ApplyM  to  Numeral  Questions,  and  Gteometry, 
with  a  converging  Series  for  all  manner  of  adfected  Equations.^ 
Of  this  work  he  had  an  impression  in  4to.  for  his  own  use. 

In  1694  he  published  a  translation  of  Malebranche^s  Search 
after  Tnahy  it  being  announced  that  the  translation  had  been 
seen,  approved,  and  revised  by  John  Norris  of  Bemerton.  In 
the  same  year  appeared  a  rival  translation  by  Thomas  Taylor, 
M.A.  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford ;  sometime  Master  of  Bi- 
cester School.  This  was  advertised  as  revised  by  Edward  Ber- 
nard, D.D.,  Thomas  Creech,  M.A.,  Dr  King,  Mr  Whitfield, 
Christopher  Codrington,  Esq.,  Dr  Willis  and  other  gentlemen 
of  the  University  of  Oxford.  It  seems  to  have  kept  its  ground : 
a  second  edition  appearing  in  1700,  and  a  third  in  1720. 

In  February,  1694-5,  a  droll  project  was  set  on  foot  for 
the  establishment  of  Eoyal  Academies,  one  of  which  was  to  be 
near  the  Boyal  Exchange,  and  the  other  in  Covent  Garden. 
40,000  tickets  were  to  be  issued  at  20«.  each.  Out  of  these 
2000  were  to  be  prizes,  giving  the  fortunate  holders  liberty  to 
choose  any  of  the  following  accomplishments  they  should  have 
a  mind  to  learn;  viz.  languages,  mathematics,  writing,  music, 
singing,  dancing,  and  fencing.  The  mathematics  were  to  be 
taught  in  Latin,  French,  or  English  by  Mr  Sault  and  Mr  De- 
moivre  (Houghton'^s  OoUectiom  far  Husbamdry  and  Trade^  22 
Feb.  1694-5.    No.  134). 

The  Philosophical  Transactions  for  Nov.  1698  contain : 
Curvae  Celerrimi  Descensus  investigatio,  analytica  excerpta 
ex  Uteris  R.  Sault,  Math.  D^ [vol.  xx.  p.  425]. 

In  1699  Sault  published  a  translation  into  English  from  the 
third  edition  in  Latin  of  Bremarium  Ohronohgicum  by  Giles 
Strauchius,  D.D.  Public  Professor  in  the  University  of  Wittem- 
foerg.    A  second  edition,  which  appeared  in  1704,  was  enlarged 


45 

mOi  an  the  most  nfieful  things  omitted  by  the  author  taken 
from  Bishop  Be  veridge'^s  Institutiones  ChrondogiecB^nsid  Dr  HoIder^s 
Account  of  Ttfne,  as  also  with  the  Epochas  of  the  Principal 
Kingdoms  and  States  of  Europe,  with  Tables  calculated  to  the 
Author'^s  method.  A  third  edition,  wherein  the  translation  is 
stated  to  have  been  faithfully  compared  with  the  original  by 
another  hand,  appeared  at  Lond.  8vo.  1722.  Sault's  preface  is 
given  with  this  edition. 

It  was  probably  in  or  about  1700  that  he  removed  to  Cam- 
bridge, where,  we  are  told,  his  ingenuity  and  exquisite  skill  in 
algebra  got  him  a  very  considerable  reputation. 

He  was  not  accompanied  by  his  wife.  She  sent  him  a  letter 
in  which  she  alludes  to  his  conjugal  infidelity.  This,  in  his  reply, 
he  confessed  with  penitence  and  sorrow.  It  does  not  appear, 
however,  that  they  came  together  again. 

In  his  last  sickness  he  was  supported  by  the  friendly  contri- 
butions of  the  scholars  coUected  without  his  knowledge  or 
desire.  On  his  deathbed  he  made  no  allusion  to  the  Second 
Spira^  nor  did  he  express  any  terrors  as  to  his  future  state. 

His  funeral  was  attended  by  two  worthy  gentlemen,  one  of 
whom  was  a  Doctor  of  Physic  of  Trinity  College,  who  had 
visited  him  in  Ins  illness,  and  supplied  physic  gratis. 

On  the  title-page  of  the  third  edition  of  his  translation  of 
Strauchius,  Mr  Sault  is  designated  F.B.S.  but  his  name  is  not 
fonnd  in  the  List  of  Fellows  appended  to  Dr  Thomson^s  HisUny 
of  the  Boyal  Society, 


in.  Notaries  Public  in  King's  College,  Cambridge. 
Communicated  by  the  Rev.  T.  Brocelebane,  M.A. 


tRead  7  Nov.  1864.] 


The  followii^  Bull  was  obtained,  along  with  others,  in  the  year 
1448  from  Pope  Nicholas  V.  by  Henry  V I.  King  of  England,  on 
behalf  of  his  College  in  Cambridge.  The  first  part  refers  to  the 
priiiiege  therein  conceded  of  having  and  using  a  portable  altar, 
a  privilege  which  we  may  assume  to  have  been  of  considerable 
vahie,  if  thought  important  enough  to  be  made  the  subject  of 
a  q)ecial  grant:  the  second  portion  empowers  the  College  to  create 
from  time  to  time  TdbeUumes^  or  Notaries,  officers  of  special  use 
and  importance  in  all  collegiate  foundations,  deriving  their  powers 
and  privileges  in  early  times  directly  from  the  Apostolic  See 
at  Bome,  and  still*in  these  modem  days  retaining  their  connection 
with  the  Church,  and  owning  allegiance  to  the  Archbishop  of 
Oant^bury,  who  exercises  superintendence  over  them  by  means  of 
his  Court  of  Faculties. 

In  the  Statute  of  King'^s  and  Eton  Colleges,  frequent  men- 
tion is  made  of  the  Notary  Public  and  the  nature  of  his  duties. 

On  the  admisfflon  of  a  Scholar  at  Eing^s  College  to  his  years 
of  probation,  he  was  to  attend  and  make  a  public  instmmenti 
recording  that  the  prescribed  oath  had  been  duly  taken,  with  the 


48 

names  of  the  witnesses,  and  the  county,  diocese,  and  birth-plaoe 
of  the  Scholar  admitted,  in  a  Register  of  parchment  to  be  for  ever 
preserved  in  safe  custody  of  the  Provost  and  Fellows.  The  same 
formality  was  again  observed  on  the  election  of  Fellows,  and  also 
of  Provosts,  and  the  custom  thus  specially  enjoined  by  the  Statute 
has  been  carefully  maintained  to  the  present  day,  a  Notary  Public 
iuvariably  attendmg  every  admission,  and  making  a  formal  and 
attested  record  of  the  proceedings  in  the  Begister,  or  Frotocollum 
Book  as  it  Is  now  called. 

In  the  Statutes  of  Eton  College,  the  duties  are  more  dosely 
defined:  *  We  will  that  there  always  be  in  our  College  a  Notary 

*  Public  to  make  protocols  and  public  instruments  as  to  the 

*  elections,  admissions,  and  oaths  of  Provosts,  FeUows,  and  Scho- 
lars, to  collect  or  cause  to  be  collected  S.  Peter's  pence  on 
^  account  of  the  College,  to  enrol  all  acts  of  the  Provost  or  his 
'  Official  relating  to  his  parochial  visitations,  or  generally  to  the 

*  ordinary  jurisdiction  of  the  College.^ 

In  King's  College,  a  Notary  Public  has  always  formed  part 
of  the  foundation :  previously  to  the  Reformation  he  was  usually 
an  actual  or  former  Fellow  of  the  College,  and  the  names  of  John 
Erlyche,  John  Mere,  and  Matthew  Stokys,  are  familiar  to  all  who 
are  versed  in  Cambridge  history.  The  establishment  and  con- 
tinual maintenance  of  such  an  office  has  produced  the  most 
important  results,  and  to  the  labours  of  its  Notaries,  King's 
College  is  indebted  for  an  invaluable  and  unbroken  series  of 
Leiger  Books  complete  from  the  very  foundation  to  the  present 
time ;  for  the  Protocollum  Books,  containing  admissions  of  Pro- 
vosts, Fellows,  and  Scholars,  and  other  official  Acts  of  the  College 
from  the  year  1500  downwards ;  for  Bursars'  Rolls  and  Books  el 
Accompt,  giving  the  most  minute  details  as  to  the  expenditure 
of  the  College ;  for  Commons  Books  to  the  time  of  Charles  11., 
shewing  us  how  differently  students  fared  then  to  their  successors 
in  our  more  comfortable  age,  and  generally  for  a  mass  of  well- 
written  records,  now  in  good  preservation,  and' abounding  ia 


49 

Hmlter  iDtisbslive  of  eveiy  part  of  eolleg^te  histoiy,  and  the  per- 
[  life  oonneeted  therewith. 


Nichobtns  Episcopus,  servus  servomm  Dei,  dilecto  filio  Prsd- 
poffito  GoUegii  Begalis  Beatse  Mariaa  et  Sancti  Nicholai  de  Oante- 
brigia,  Eliensis  diooeeeos,  Salutem  et  Apostolicam  benedictionem. 
Pnra  fides  et  sincera  devotio  quam  ad  dob  et  Romanam  geris 
ecdesiam  promeretur  ut  ilia  tibi  ac  successoribus  tais  GoUegii 
Begalis  Beats  Marise  et  Sancti  Nicholai  de  Cantebrigia  pro  tem- 
pore existentibns  favorabiliter  .conoedamus  per  quse  animanun 
salnti  et  ipsius  Gollegii  utilitati  valeat  provideri.    Hinc  est  qaod 
DOS  carissimi  in  Ghristo  filii  Henrici  Sexti  Begis  Anglise  illustris 
in  hac  parte  supplicationibus  inclinati  ut  tibi  ac  successoribus 
pisedictis  necnon  singulis  sociorum  prsesentium  et  futurorum  ad 
n^otia  dicti  Collegii  exercenda  deputatorum  habere  altare  porta- 
tile  cum  debita  reverentia  et  honore  super  quo  in  locis  ad  hoc 
oongraentibus  et   honestis  etiam  antequam  elucescat  dies  cum 
qualitas  negotiorum  ingruentium  id  exegerit  per  proprium  vel 
alium  sacerdotem  idoneum  in  tua  et  sociorum  prsedictorum  fami- 
liarium  domesticorum  prsesentia  absque  tamen  juris  alien!  prse- 
jodicio  missas  et  alia  divina  officia  celebrari  facere  possis  ac  ipsi 
suooessores  et  socii  prsesentes  et  futturi  perpetuo  possint  auctoritate 
apoetolica  tenore  prsesentium  indulgemus.    Et  insuper  cum  sicut 
accepimus  ad  ipsum  Collegium  pcenitentium  concursus  habeatur 
tibi  ac  successoribus  prsedictis   orilbium  et  singulorum  Christi 
fidelium  utriusque  sexus  qui  tibi  confiteri  voluerint  confessiones 
alicujus  licentia  vel  assensu  super  hoc  minime  requisitis  libere  et 
lidte  audiendi  ac  pro  commissis  dummodo  talia  non  fuerint  prop- 
ter quse  sedes  apostolica  esset  merito  consulenda  absolvendi  et 
eis  salutiurem  penitentiam  injungendi,  necnon  tu  loco  tui  et  sue- 
cessores  pr  dicti  loco  ipsorum  quotiens  te  vel  illos  abesse  con- 
tingeret   unum  magistrum  ejusdem   collegii  consocium   quo   ad 
hujusmodi  audiendas    confessiones    absolutionem   faciendara .  et 
pcenitentiam    injungendam    deputandi,   prseterea   cum    tibi    at 

4 


50 

interduhi  necesse  pro  causis  dicti  collegii  pro  tempore  emergen- 
tibus  unum  habere  Tabellionem  tibi  et  eisdem  euccesaoribos 
unum  dericum  dicti  collegii  etiam  conjugatum  seu  in  sacris 
ordinibus  constitutum  dummodo  alias  sit  idoiieus  et  illo  quo. 
tienscunque  recedente  seu  decedente  alium  dericum  ipsius  col- 
legii etiam  ut  prsefertur  idoneum  aut  conjugatum  vel  in  sacris 
ordinibus  constitutum  in  notarium  apostolica  auctoritate  creandi 
et  tabellionatus  officium  eadem  auctoritate  sibi  concedendi  apo- 
stolicis  ac  bonse  memorise  Ottonis  et  Ottoboni  olim  in  regno 
AnglisB  dictaB  sedis  legatorum  CQnstitutionibus  et  ordinationibua 
cseterisque  contrariis  nequaquam  obstantibus,  plenam  et  liberam 
perpetuo  valituram  tenore  et  auctoritate  simiUbus  concedimos 
facultatem.  Volutnus  autem  quod  antequam  tu  vel  successores 
antedicti  ipsi  creando  notario  oflBcium  hujusmodi  concedas,  so- 
litum  ab  eo  recipias  atque  recipiant  juramentum  juxta  formam 
quam  ut  ipse  creandus  notarius  per  eum  plenius  informetur  prse- 
sentibus  inseri  fecimus,  quae  est  talis :  Ego  clericus  ab  hac  hora 
inanteafidelis  ero  beato  Petro  et  sanctae  Bomanse  eodesise  ae 
domino  meo  domino  Nicholao  Papse  V.et  successoribus  suis 
canonice  intrantibus.  Non  ero  in  consilio  auxilio  consensu  yel 
facto  ut  vitam  perdant  aut  membrum  seu  capiantur  mala  captione. 
Consilium  vero  quod  mihi  per  se  vel  litteras  aut  nuntium  mani- 
festabunt  ad  eorum  damnum  me  sciente  nemini  pandam.  Si  vero 
ad  meam  notitiam  aliquod  devenire  contingat  quod  in  pericu- 
lum  Bomani  pontificis  aut  tcclesise  Bomanse  vergeret  seu  grave 
damnum  illud  pro  posse  impediam,  et  si  hoc  impedire  non  possem 
procurabo  bona  fide  id  ad  noticiam  domini  Papaa  perferri,  Papatum 
Bomanum  et  Begalia  Sancti  Petri  ac  jura  ipsius  ecclesiae  speciali- 
ter  si  qua  eadem  ecclesia  in  civitate  vel  terra  de  qua  sum  oriundua 
habeat  adjutor  eis  ero  ad  defendendum  et  retinendum  seu  recupe- 
randum  contra  omnem  hominem.  Tabellionatus  ofBcium  fideliter 
exercebo^     Contractus    in    quibus   exigitur   consensus    partium 

^    A  notarial  Faculty  granted  by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  iu  1850 
contains  the  following  as  the  oath: — ^'  I  ^.^.  do  swear  that  I  will  faitlifully 


51 

fideliter  faciam  nil  addendo  vel  minuendo  sine  voluntate  partium 
quod  substantiam  contractus  iminutet.  Si  vero  in  conficiendo 
aliquod  instrumentum  unius  solius  partis  sit  requirenda  voluntas 
hoc  ipsum  faciam  ut  scilicet  nil  addam  vel  minuam  quod  iminutet 
facti  substantiam  contra  voluntatem'  ipsius:  instrumentum  non 
conficiam  de  aliquo  contractu  in  quo  sciam  intervenire  vel  in- 
tercedere  vim  vel  fraudem.  Contractus  in  prothocollum  redigam  et 
postquam  in  prothocollum  redegero  malitiose  non  differam  contra 
Toluntatem  illorum  vel  illius  quorum  est  contractus  super  eo  con- 
fioere  publicum  instrumentum  salvo  meo  justo  salario  et  consueto. 
Sic  me  Deus  adjuvet  et  base  Sancta  Dei  Evangelia.  Nulli 
ergo  omnino  homini  liceat  banc  paginam  nostrse  concessionis  et 
voluntatis  infringere  vel  ei  ausu  temerario  contravenire.  Si  quis 
autem  boc  attemptare  praesumpserit  indignationem  Omnipotentis 
Dei  et  beatorum  Petri  et  Pauli  Apostolorum  ejus  se  noverit 
incursumm.  Datum  Romse  apud  Sanctam  Potencianam  anno 
incamationis  dominicse  millesimo  quadringentesimo  quadragesi- 
mo  octavo,  duodecimo  kal.  Novembris,  pontificatus  nostri  anno 
secundo. 

exercise  the  Office  of  Public  Notary:  I  will  faithfully  make  Contracts  or 
Instroments  for  or  between  any  Party  or  Parties  requiring  the  same,  and  I 
will  not  add  or  diminish  anything  without  the  knowledge  and  consent  of 
such  party  or  parties  that  may  alter  the  substance  of  the  fact:  I  will  not 
make  or  attest  any  Act,  Contract  or  Instrument  in  which  I  shall  know  there 
is  violence  or  fraud,  and  in  all  things  I  will  act  uprightly  and  justly  in  the 
business  of  a  Public  Notary  according  to  the  best  of  my  skill  and  ability. 
So  help  me  God." 


rv.     Visitation  op  the  Chubches  op  Pelham  Fuiu 

NEAUX  AND  BrENT  PeLHAM,  IJf    HERTFORDSHIRE^ 

A.  D.  1297.    Communicated*  by  Henry  Richards 
Lfard,  M.Ao  Registrary  of  the  University. 


[Read  May  22,  1865.] 


The  followliig  Tisitation  of  the  churches  of  Furneaux  Pelham 
and  Brent  Pelham  in  Hertfordshire  has  been  furnished  to  me  by 
the  Bey.  W.  Wigram,  of  Trinity  College,  the  present  vicar  of 
the  united  parishes.  It  is  interesting  as  giving  a  complete  account 
of  the  contents  and  church  furniture  of  a  village  church  at  the  end 
of  the  xiiiih  century.  It  has  been  collated  with  the  original 
document,  which  is  preserved  in  the  treasury  of  S.  Paul's,  Lon- 
don, by  the  Bev.  W.  Sparrow  Simpson,  of  S.  Matthew^  Friday 
Street,  London. 

Ecdesia  de  Pelham  Furneaux  visitata  die  Veneris  proxima 
post  festum  Sancti  Dionysii  a.d.  Mcoxcyii. 

CSmiterium  sufficienter  dausum  et  mundum.  Oampanare  com- 
petens  cum  ii  campania  sufficienter  cordatis.  Ecdesia  consecrata 
in  honore  B.  M.  V.  Navis  ejusdem  ecclesise  melius  cooperienda; 
fenestrse  ecdesiae  sufficienter  vitratae.  Vas  ligneum  ad  aquam 
beoedictam  in  introitu  ecdesise  cum  aspersoriis.      Item  aliud 


54 

▼as  ad  aquam  benedictam  coram  processione  cum  aspersorio. 
Item  Baptisterium  lapideum  infra  plumbatum  coopertum  cum 
fierura.  Navis  ecclesise  decern  imaginibus  omata,  videlicet, 
Sanctae  Orucis,  B.  Marise  et  Sancti  Johannis  ex  utroque  latere, 
i  Angelorum  et  Sancti  Johannis  Baptistse,  Sancti  Michaelis, 
Sancti  Thomse  Archiepiscopi,  Sancti  Andrese,  Sancti  Jacobi, 
Sanctse  Marise  Magdalense,  Eatherinse  et  Margaretse.  Item  iiij 
aitaria.  Item  luminare  sufficiens.  Item  i  feretrum.  Item  deficit 
magna  scala  in  corpor§  ecclesise.  Item  i  tapetum^  pro  pauperibus 
tnortuis.  Item  iiij  frontalia  ad  dicta  aitaria  debilia  et  fracta. 
Item  ii  campanulae  manuales^.  Item  i  crux  portabilis  coram  mor- 
tuis;  iii  vexilla  competentia.  Item  i  superaltare  ad  altare  ex 
parte  Australi,  altare  ex  parte  Aquilonari  dedicata.  Item 
cancellum  integrum  bene  coopertum.  Item  fenestrse  vitratse  et 
barratse,  sedilia  distincta  cum  formis  congruentibus  et  lectrinis. 
Item  ordinate  de  usu  Sarum.  Item  i  Antiphonare  plenare  notatum 
cum  Psalterio,  Kalendare,  Gapitulario,  Gollectario^,  et  Hynmario 
tiotato.  Item  i  Psalterium  bonum  sine  Kalendare  cum  legenda 
sanctorum  et  statuta  Fulconis^.  Item  deficit  i  Antiphonare; 
i  tonale^  per  se  cum  inceptione  hymnorum  de  communi  sanctorum. 
Item  i  legenda  de  temporali.  Item  deficit  martyrologus.  Item 
i  liber  processionalis.  Item  i  graduate  cum  tropario.  Item  deficit 
troparium.  Item  i  Missale  bonum  cum  prsefationibus  et  gra- 
duaJibus  notatum.  Item  i  manuale  bonum  plenare  et  notatum 
cum  Ealendls.  Item  libri  sufficientes  ligati  cooperti.  Item 
pannus  ad  lectrinam  de  lineo  panno  de  diaphora«  Item  alius  pan- 
nus  de  dyaporal  rubeo  stragulato.    Item  velum  quadragesimale  com- 

^  tapetum!\    A  tapet,  or  tapestried  hanging  cloth. 
'  manualet.']    manoalia,  MS. 

•  Ccllectarium^  "  Liber  ecdesiasticus  in  quo  coUectse  ad  qusevis  officia 
dicendae  continentur.'*  Du  Ganga  See  Maskell's  Dissertation  on  Service 
BookS)  prefixed  to  the  Monum,  Rit,  Ecdes.  Anglic,  Vol.  i.  p.  xcL 

*  stattUa  Ftdconis.]    Folk  Basset  was  Bishop  of  London  1244—1259. 

^  tonale.]  A  treatise  on  the  tones  used  in  ecclesiastical  singing.  Mas- 
kell^a.8.  p.  cxU. 


65 

petens  eum  velaminibtis  ymaginam.  Item  ii  superpelicia  mdiora,: 
et  ii  minora.  Item  ii  rocheta,  ii  manutergia.  Item  ii  abstersoria, 
▼elamen  ultra  sacrarium  decens.  Item  altare  lapideum  non 
consecratum.  Item  frontale  ad  altare  de  lineo  panno  et  aliud 
frontale  de  dyapora  rubeo  stragulato  cum  tuallio  conficto  eidem. 
Item  BUperaltare  competens.  Item  iiij  pallse  benedictse  quarum 
mia  eum  parura^  de  baudekyn  et  alia  cum  parura  de  pallo.  Item 
i  vestimentum  principale  integrum  cum  parura  et  casula  de  bau- 
dekyn. Item  aliud  vestimentum  dominicale  cum  stola,  manipla, 
et  parura  de  baudekino.  Item  tertium  vestimentum  feriale  cum 
parura  et  casula  de  pallo,  stola,  et  manipla  de  rubeo  sameto.  Item 
ii  paria  corporalia  cum  i  teca^  de  rubeo  sameto.  Item  tunica 
dalmatica  de  pallo  et  cappa  chori  de  baudekino.  Item  duo 
pulvinaria  quorum  unus  latus  de  sameto  de  serico,  et  aliud  de 
dyapora.  Item  deficit  pannus  sponsalicus.  Item  pecten  ebumeum 
sufficiens.  Item  i  calix  argenteus  deauratus  infra  ponderis  ii  sol. 
Item  calix  stagneus,  ii  phialse,  et  unum  majus  vinagerium,  et  i  pelvis 
de  stagno.  Item  pixis  lignea  ad  oblatas.  Item  thuribulum  suffi- 
ciens; et  navicula  ad  incensum,  i  cochleare,  i  vasculum  ad  car- 
bones  in  hyeme.  Item  ii  sconsse,  una  de  cupresso.  Item  i  capsa; 
et  candelabrum  paschale.  Item  luminare  sufficiens  et  i  lucerna. 
Item  crux  de  aymalo^  portabilis  cum  vexillo  de  rubeo  sindone. 
Item  alia  crux  portabilis  de  ligno.  Item  imago  B.  M.  V.  cum 
tabernaculo :  ii  tintinnabula,  ii  ceroforia  stagnea ;  item  ii  oscula- 
toria;  et  i  textum*  de  ligno.  Item  monstrarium.  Item  hercia^  et 
ferrum  sculptum  ad  oblatas.  Item  cista  repertoria  fortiter  bene 
Ifgata  et  serrata.  Item  pyxis  eburnea  ad  Eucharistiam  sub  serura 
in  qua  portatur  Eucharistia,  oleum  infirmorum,  et  poculus  unctio- 

*  parura.]    An  embroidered  border. 


*  tecoj    i.e.  theca,  case. 
'  aymah 


alum.]    Enamel. 

*  The  Teictus  contained  the  gospels.  For  the  expense  frequently  lar 
viflhed  on  these  books,  sec  Maskell,  p.  liii. 

'  "Candelabrum  ecclesiasticum  in  modum  occae,  sen  trigoni,  confec- 
torn."    Da  Gange. 


56 

HIS  ad  infirmos*  Item  cnRmatorium  stagneum  sub  seram  com 
crismate  et  oleo  sancto.  Item  aliud  chrismatorium  ligneum  sub 
serura.  Item  picher  stagneum  ad  aquam.  Item  ii  candelabra 
lignea.  Item  vicaria  taxatur  ad  duas  marcas  secmidum  veruin 
Talorem. 

Johannes  le  Taillom*  tenet  v  acras  terrse  et  dimidiam  de  domo 
domini  Simonis  de  Fmneaux  pro  i  lampade  ardente  in  eccleda 
et  iii  cereis  ad  altare  B.  EaterinsB  sustentandis.  Item  idem 
dominus  Simon  assignavit  iii  sol.  annui  redditus  percipiendi  de 
Salmone  Wincende  et  haeredibus  suis  xviiid,  et  Waltero 
Pakeman  et  hseredibus  suis  xviiid  ad  sustentationem  ii  torchoruia 
ardentium  ad  elevationem  Eucharistiae  in  cancello  singulis  diebus. 
Item  prsedictus  Dominus  Simon  assignavit  ii  sol.  percipiendoB 
annuatim  de  vii  rodatis  terrse  jacentibus  in  villa  de  Horemad^  in 
campo  qui  vocatur  Longeleye  ad  sustentationem  unius  cerd 
ardentis  in  cancello  ad  omnes  horas  aliis  cereis  non  ardentibus. 

Pelham  Area*. 

Ecclesia  de  Pelham  arsa  visitata  in  festo  Sanctse  Selburgse' 
Virginis.  a.d,  mccxcvii. 

Gimiterium  male  clausum  undique  et  immundnm,  non  consecra- 
tum.  Item  campanare  debile  non  coopertum  cum  ii  campanis  male 
cordatis.  Item  patet  maressus  in  cimiterio.  Item  ecclesia  non 
consecrata,  stramine  debile  cooperta,  cum  debilibud  hostiis  male 
ferratis  et  barratis.  Item  fenestrse  vitrese  barrandse.  Item  in 
introitu  ecclesise  vas  ligneum  decens  ad  aquam  benedictam  cum 
aspereorio,  et  aliud  vas  stagneum  ad  idem  coram  processionali. 
Item  Baptisterium  lapideum  infra  plumbatum,  coopertum  sub 
serura.  Item  in  navi  ecclesise  sunt  imagines,  viz:  in  medio  navis 
imago  Grucifixionis  pingenda,  cujus  pictura  deformata  per  caden- 
tiam  pluvise  de  negligentia  parochiorum,  cum  imaginibus  S.  V .  et 

1  i.  e.  Hormead. 

*  The  fire  from  which  this  place  takes  its  name  is  believed  to  have 
happened  in  the  reign  of  Henry  I, 

*  Sic  MS.    Probably  an  error  for  Seaburgce, 


67 

Sancti  Johannis  a  diverso  latere.  Item  imago  Sancti  Nicholai. 
Item  in  parte  boriali  ecdesise  imagines  cmcifixionis,  Sancti  Johan- 
nis et  sanctse  Marise,  modo  prsedictse,  cum  imagine  Beatse  Eaterinse. 
Item  iiii  altaria  non  dedicata  cum  ij  frontalibus  veteribus  de  panno 
et  nna  tabnia  depingenda  frontale.  Item  luminare  insufficiens, 
sedilia  satis  distincta.  Item  ii  scalse,  i  feretrum.  Item  i  tapetmn 
de  aresto^  pro  mortuis.  Item  ii  campanuke  mannales.  Item  i 
crux  portabilis  et  ii  vexilla.  Item  ii  candelabra.  Item  cancellum 
stramine  coopertom  cum  celatura  honesta  ultra  altare  cum 
fenestris  yitreis  barrandis  et  in  parte  vitreandis.  Item  sedilia 
competentia  cum  formis  competentibus  et  lectrino.  Item  i  ordi- 
nate de  usu  Sancti  Pauli.  Item  i  liber  in  quo  continetur 
benedictio  salis  et  aquse,  placebo,  dirige,  cum  Psalterio,  Gapitu- 
lario,  Gollectario,  Ympnario,  Ealendario,  Venitario^,  et  inceptione 
ympnorum  notatorum.  Item  i  liber  in  quo  continetur  Ejden- 
dare,  Psalterium^  legenda  de  temporali  cum  historiis  notatis, 
et  cum  capitulario  et  coUectario.  Item  i  liber  de  legenda 
sanctorum  cum  historiis  notatis  cum  CoUectario.  Item  legenda 
de  temporali  cum  historiis  notatis  et  cum  Ealendario,  capitu- 
lario, coUectario  et  ympnario.  Item  ii  Troparia  et  ii  gradualia 
cum  Processionalibus,  quorum  i  cum  trq>ario.  Item  deficit  mar- 
tyrologium.  Item  Missale  notatum  cum  Ealendare  et  cum  prsa- 
fationibus  non  notatis.  Item  i  manuale  plenare  continens  omnia 
officia  quse  in  manuali  requiruntur.  Item  deficit  statuta  syno- 
daKa,  statuta  Johannis  de  Pecham,  capitula  Ottoboni,  et  articuli 
conciliorum.  Item  libri  ligandi.  Item  ii  coopertoria  lectrini 
de  panno  lini  stragulato.  Item  i  velum  quadragesimale  de  albo 
panno  lineo  cum  nigris  crucibus.  Item  ii  superpelicia.  Item  i 
rochetum.     Item  ii  manutergia  et  ii  abstergoria.     Item  velamen 


^  de  aresto.]  Of  Arras.  The  only  instaiftes  quoted  by  Du  Cange  of 
the  nae  of  this  word  are  from  the  Visitatio  eccl,  S.  Pauli,  1295. 

•  Venitarium.]  "  Liber  ecclesiasticiis,  in  quo  descriptus  Psalmus  cum 
notis  mnsieis,  Venite  Exidtemus  Domino, , ,  quo  matutini  incipiuntur."  Du 
Gauge.    Bee  MaskeU,  p.  xcL 

5 


08 

competens  ultra  Sacrarium.  Item  unum  altare  lapideam  non 
consecratum,  cum  ii  superaltaria  confectariis.  Item  ii  frontalia 
quorum  i  de  beetiis  confictum  de  panno  lineo  et  aliud  de  pallo. 
Item  iiii  pallse  beuedictae  quarum  ii  cum  paruris  de  pallo*  Item 
tapetum  coram  altare  de  lanno  et  lineo.  Item  iii  propria  vesti- 
menta  quorum  unum  vestimentum  festivale  cum  onmibus  paruris, 
Btola,  manipula,  casula  de  pallo.  Item  aliud  vestimentum  domini- 
cale  cum  paruris  albse  de  corio  depicto,  stola,  manipula  de  fusteyn, 
parura  amicti  de  serico  conficienda  cum  casula  de  pallo*  Item 
aliud  vestimentum  feriale  cum  paruris  de  veteri  paUo,  stola,  mani- 
pula, de  filo  et  serico  contextis,  cum  casula  de  panno  lineo, 
et  est  vestimentum  valde  debile.  Item  iii  paria  corporalia  cum  ii 
tecis  quarum  una  de  rubea  sametta,  et  alia  de  pallo.  Item  capa 
chori  de  baudekyn  cum  largo  aurifrisio.  Item  deficit  tunica 
dalmatica^.  Item  ii  philacteria  honesta.  Item  deficit  pannus 
offertorius  et  pannus  sponsalicius.  Item  pecten  sufficiens.  Item 
calix  argenteus  partim  deauratus  cum  pede  et  patena  curvatis 
ponderis  viii  solid.  Item  alius  calix  stagneus  cum  patent  Item 
iiii  phialse;  item  i  vinagerium  cum  pelve  stagnea.  Item  i  pyxis 
vitrea  ad  oblatas.  Item  alia  pyxis  lignea.  Item  thuribulum  bene 
catenatum  cum  navicula'  et  cochleare  de  stagno  ad  incensum. 
Item  i  vasculum  ferreum  ad  carbones  in  hyeme.  Item  i  sconsa, 
i  capsa,  i  candelabrum  cerei  Paschalis.  Item  competens  lumi- 
nare  in  cancello.  Item  lucema.  Item  i  crux  de  aymalo.  Item 
alia  crux  processionalis  lignea  cum  baculo  depicto.  Item  ii 
imagines  B.  V.  cum  ii  manibus  deletis  et  tabemacuUs  fractis 
depingendis.  Item  i  muscarium.  Item  i  hercia.  Item  i  tin- 
tinnabulum,  ii  ceroferoria  stagnea.  Item  i  osculatorium.  Item 
cathedra  ministri  altaris.  Item  unum  ferrum  sculptum.  Item 
i  cista  repertoria  bene  serrata.    Item  i  pyxis  ebumea  honeeta 

ft 

1  dalmatiea.]  The  long  robe  with  sleeves,  partly  open  at  the  sides^ 
worn  by  deacons. 

'  navicula,]  The  small  dish  or  boat  for  the  incense  before  beuig  put 
into  the  censer. 


59 

argento  ligata.  Item  pyxis  ultra  altare  sub  papilione  collocata 
sub  serura.  Item  alia  pyxis  lignea.  Item  i  pyxis.  Item  i  pyxis 
cum  peia  de  serico  consuta  ad  deferendum  Eucharistiam  ad 
infirmos.  Item  crismatorium  honestum  sub  serura  de  stagno 
continens  subscriptiones. 

Vicaria  taxatur  ad  unam  maream. 


CONTENTS. 


I.      Matibrtatji  fob  the   LiFE  OF    ThOS.   MoBTON,    BiBHOP   OF 

DuBHAic    Communicated  bj  John  R  Ey  Matob,  M.Ar, 
St  John's  Collega 1 

II.  Soke  Aooouin!  of  Richabd  Saui/t,  MathematiGian,  and 
one  of  the  Editors  of  the  Aihmiom,  Mercu/ry.  Conunu- 
nicated  by  Ohablbb  Henbt  Coopeb,  F.S.A.       •        37 

III.  NoTABEBS  Public  in  King's  College,  Oambbidge.  Commu- 
nicated by  the  Bev.  T.  Bbocklebanx,  MA.         .        47 

lY.  Visitation  of  the  Chubohes  of  Felhax  Fubneattx  and 
Bbent  Felhai^  in  Hebtfobdshib]^  aj>.  1297.  Commu- 
nicated by  Henby  Biohabds  Luabd,  ALA.;  B^gistraiy 
of  the  XJniTersity. 53 


REPORT    AND    COMMUNICATIONS. 


REPORT 


PRESENTED  TO 


Sii  Cattiiiti^Se  Antiquarian  Sbotitt}^, 

AT    ITS    TWBNTVSIXTH    GENERAL  MEETING, 

MAY  14,  1866- 


ALSO 

CDmmunitations 

MADE  TO  THE  SOCIETY. 
No.  X^ 

IffiINO  No.  2  OF  THE  THIBD  VOLUME. 


CAMBRIDGE: 

nnraD  bi  c.  j.  CLts.  ila.  at  thb  vsivxasm  pbbss. 

DEIGHTON,  BELL  &  CO.;    MACMILLAN  &  00. 

BELL.AKD  DALDT,  FLEET  STBEET,  LONBOV. 

1866. 


PUBLICATIONS 

OFTHB 

CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 


QUARTO  SERIES. 
wo. 

I.  A  Catalogue  of  the  Original  Library  of  St  Catharine's 

Hall,  1475.    By  G.  E.  Corrie,  D.D.  U.fkL 

II.  Abbreviata  Cronica.     By  J.  J.  Smith,  MJL    2f.  6d. 
III.        An  Account  of  the  Consecration  of  Archbishop  Parker. 

By  J.  Goodwin,  B.D.    St.  6(L 
IV.  &  V.    Heraldry  in  illostration  of  Uniyerdty  and  Coll^iate  Anti- 
quities. By  H.  A.  Woodham,  M.A.    9«.  wL 
YI.  &  YIII.  A  Catalogue  of  MSS.  and  scarce  Books  in  St  John's  Col- 
lege Library.    By  M.  Cowie,  M.  A    9«. 
YII.       A  Description  of  the  Sextry  Bam  at  Ely,  ktely  demo- 
lished.   By  Professor  Willis,  M.A.    3». 
IX.        Architectural  Nomenclature  of  the  Middle  Ages.     By 
Professor  Willis>  M.A.  (out  of  print) 

X.  Roman  and  Roman-British  Remains  at  and  near  Shefford. 

By  Sir  Henry  Dryden,  Bart.,  M.A.  6f .  6d. 

XI.  Specimens  of  College  Plate.    By  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    15#. 

XII.  On  the  Materials  of  two  Roman-British  Sepulchral  Urns. 

By  Professor  Henslow,  M.A.    4f. 

XIII.  Evangelia  Augustini  Gregoriana.    By  J.  Goodwin,  B.D. 

20#. 

XIY.  Miscellaneous  Communications.  By  Messrs  A.  W.  Franks, 
C.  W.  Goodwin,  and  J.  O.  Halliwell.    15$. 

XY.  An  Historical  Inquiry  touching  St  Catherine  of  Alexan- 
dria, illustrate  by  a  semi-Sazon  Legend.  By  C. 
Hardwick,  M.A.    12*. 


OCTAYO  SERIES. 

I.  Anglo-Saxon  Legends  of  St  Andrew  and  St  Yeronica. 

By  C.  W.  Goodwin,  M.A.    2#.  6d. 

II.  Graeco-Egyptian  Fragment  on  Magic  By  C.  W.  Goodwin, 

M.A.    3#.  6d. 

III.  Ancient  Cambridgeshire.      By  C.  C.   Babington,  M.A. 

Ss.dd. 
I Y.        History  of  Waterbeach.    By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    5#. 
Y.         Diary  of  E.  Rud.    By  H.  R.  Luard,  M.A.    2».  Bd. 
YI.        History  of  Landbeach.     By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.  4t.  6d. 
YII.       History  of  Homingsey.    By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D. 
Communications,  Yol.  I.    11#. 

Communications,  YoL  II.    10^.;   or  Nos.  X.  to   XY. 
2i.  each. 


REPORT 


PRBSXNTED  TO  THB 


Camlinti0e  Antiquarian  dotietp, 


AT  ITS  TWENTT-BIXTH  ANNUAL  GENERAL  BfBETINO, 


MAY  14,  1866. 


PaiNTBD  BY  a  J.  CLAT,  M.A.  AT  THB  UHIYBBSITT  PSSSa 

DEIGHTON,  BELL  <b  CO.;  MACMILLAN  &  CO. 
BELL  AND  DALDY,  FLEET  STREET,  LONDON. 

1866. 


REPORT, 


YouB  ofBoers  have  very  little  to  report  on  this  occasion  of 
the  recarrence  of  the  Annual  Oeneral  Meeting.  They  have 
been  able  to  do  little  more  than  retain  the  Society  in  the  same 
condition  as  it  held  at  the  preceding  meeting,  although  >it  will 
be  seen  by  the  Treasurer's  report  that  the  funds  are  in  a 
better  state  than  on. that  occasion.  It  will  be  for  the  Council 
to  consider  in  the  next  Academic  year  in  what  manner  some 
part  of  the  balance  in  hand  had  better  be  expended  so  as  to 
promote  to  the  greatest  degree  the  object  of  the  Society. 

The  Society  has  suffered  a  very  great  loss  in  the  death  of 
Mr  C.  U.  Cooper,  F.S.A.,  who  was  a  very  regular  attendant  at 
our  meetings  and  a  valued  contributor  to  our  publications.  We 
are  glad  to  quote  some  remarks  concerning  him  which  ema- 
nated from  the  pen  of  Mr  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  and  deserve  to  be 
preserved  in  more  permanent  pages  than  those  of  a  country 
newspaper. 

"  All  who  had  the  privilege  of  knowing  Mr  Cooper  must  have  admired 
his  intelligence,  his  ready  memoiy^  his  rare  familiarity  with  English  history^ 
topography,  and  hiography,  his  wide  range  of  reading,  his  large  and  states- 
manlike view  of  persons  and  events.  No  one  conld  see  that  clear  eye  and 
open  hrow  without  feeling  that  he  was  in  the  presence  of  no  common  man. 
But  his  intellectual  endowments  were  Mr  Cooper's  least  merit.  I  have 
nerer  known  a  man  of  letters  more  singleminded  and  unselfish;  himself 
scmpnlous  even  to  excess  in  confessing  the  smallest  obligation,  always  ready 
to  communicate  to  others,  he  was  indifferent  whether  his  services  were 
acknowledged  or  merely  used ;  the  best  years  of  his  life  were  devoted  to  in- 
vestigating our  academic  history^  though  few  of  those  for  whom  he  toiled 
appreciated  his  work»  and  many  ignorantly  regarded  him  as  an  enemy ;  they 


might  haye  learnt  that  he  loved  to  identify  himself  with  the  onivemty, 
rejoicing  when  he  could  add  a  new  name  to  our  list  of  worthies ;  the  clergy 
know  that  no  layman  in  Cambridge  was  more  ready  to  support  the 
national  church. 

''The  void  which  Mr  Cooper  has  left  behind  him  cannot  he  filled. 
Cambridge  never  had,  nor  can  have,  a  town  clerk  more  completely  master 
of  its  archives,  or  more  devoted  to  its  interests;  no  town  in  England  has 
three  such  records  to  boast  as  the  MeawnaU  qf  Cambridge,  Annals  qf  Cam- 
bridge, and  Athena  Cantahrigiensie.  The  last  two  are  unfinished,  and  who 
shall  bend  the  bow  of  Ulysses  ?  Others  may  bring  more  exact  scholarship 
to  the  task ;  but  the  terseness,  the  fiiimess,  the  legal  acumen,  the  steady 
industry,  the  quickness,  the  sure  memory,  of  the  self-taught  author,  who 
can  rival  ?  Compared  with  Wood,  Baker,  and  Cole,  he  comes  nearest  to 
Baker.  The  prejudices  so  winning  in  Wood,  so  childish  in  Cole,  warped 
Mr  Cooper's  judgment  as  little  as  that  of  the  noiijuring  'Collegii  Divi 
Johannis  socius  ejectus' :  most  works  of  research  published  during  the  past 
fifteen  years  have  been  largely  indebted  to  Mr  Cooper.  The  CrentkmofCe 
MagasAnBy  Notes  and  Queries,  the  London  and  Cambridge  Antiquarian 
Societies,  and  other  serials  and  iustitutious,  have  lost  a  most  assiduous  and 
valued  contributor.  Alma  Mater  has  lost  one  who  did  her  work,  undep 
great  discouragement,  better  than  any  of  her  sons  could  have  done  it  The 
university  library  has  lost  its  most  constant  student,  to  whom  it  owes  many 
gifts,  and  countless  suggestions  for  the  improvement  of  its  catalogues  and  the 
supply  of  its  wants.  We  have  all  lost  perhaps  the  most  perfect  example  of 
unflagging  diligence  which  Cambridge  has  seen  during  this  century.  One 
need  not  be  a  prophet  to  foretell  that  200  years  hence  Mr  Cooper's  works 
will  be  moie  often  cited  than  any  other  Cambridge  books  of  our  time." 

(JOHN  E.  B.  MAYOR) 

During  tbe  past  year  our  meetings  have  been  held  in  the 
rooms  of  the  Secretary,  who  kindly  placed  them  at  our  disposal, 
and  has  offered  to  continue  that  help  to  us  for  a  short  time 
longer. 

Your  Treasurer,  who  has  held  that  office  for  more  than 
twenty  years,  has  announced  his  intention  of  retiring  from  it  on 
this  day. 


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OFFICERS    AND    COUNCIL, 

{Elected  May  14,  1866). 


Charles  Cardale  Babington,  M.A.  F.R.S.  F.S.A.   St  John's 
College,  Professor  of  Botany. 

Henry  Bradshaw,  M.A.  F.S.A.  King's  College. 

Sbemtarg. 
The  Rev.  T.  G.  Bonney,  M.A,  F.G.S.  St  John's  College, 

ODouncfK 
The  Bev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.  King's  College. 
The  Rev.  R  E.  Kerrich,  M.A.  F.S.A.  Christ's  College. 
The  Rev.  George  Williams,  B.D.  King's  College. 
The  Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor,  M.A.  St  John's  College,   Libra- 
rian of  the  University. 
The  Rev.  W.  G.  Searlo,  M.A.  Queens'  College. 
J.  W.  Hales,  M.A.  Christ's  College. 
The  Rev.  George  Elwes  Corrie,  D.D.  Master  of  Jesus  College. 

The  Rev.  Churchill  Babington,  B.D.  F.L.S.  Disney  Professor 
of  Archaeology. 

E.  Guest,  LL.D.  F.R.S.  Master  of  Caius  CoUege. 

The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Re^traiy  of 
the  University. 

The  Rev.  H.  J.  Hotham,  M.A.  Trinity  College. 

J.  W.  Clark,  M.A.  Trinity  College. 


AN    ABSTRACT   OF    THE   PROCEEDINGS   AT   THE 
MEETINGS    OF    THE   SOCIETY. 


Nov.  20, 1866.    The  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard,  President,  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Keirich  exhibited  a  copy  of  an  inscription  on  a  vase  belonging  to 
the  late  Dr  Sutton,  and  read  some  extracts  from  the  Registers  of  the  Parish 
of  Stratford,  Essex,  between  the  years  1501—1763.  The  Secretary  (Rev. 
T.  G.  Bonney)  exhibited  a  flint  weapon  fonnd  6  feet  deep  in  gravel  near 
Haslingfield,  also  a  proclamation  concerning  Popish  recusants  dated  1716, 
and  a  Dutch  tobacco  or  snuff-box,  with  scenes  from  the  Prodigal  Son's 
history  engraved  thereon.  Mr  Cooper  communicated  some  notes  on  the 
establishment  of  printing  in  New  England*  The  Rev.  Gros.  Glover,  Rector 
of  Satton,  resigned  that  living  a.d.  1628,  and  engaged  one  Stephen  Day, 
a  native  of  Cambridge  (bom  1610),  to  go  out  to  N.  E.  with  him  to  set  up  a 
press.  The  Rev.  G.  Glover  died  on  the  passage,  and  the  press  was  esta- 
blished by  Day,  1639,  in  immediate  connexion  with  Harvard  College^  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  He  printed  Bay  and  metrical  psalm-books,  but  no  other 
works  of  importance.  Mr  Searle  read  a  list  of  Saxon  coins  struck  in  Cam- 
bridge, extending  from  the  reign  of  Edgar  to  Edward  the  Confessor. 

Dec.  6,  1866.     The  President  in  the  chair. 

Professor  Charles  C.  Babington  read  a  communication  from  the  Rev. 
8.  Banks  of  Cottenham  concerning  the  distribution  of  certain  sums  of  money 
collected  for  the  relief  of  inhabitants  of  that  parish  wiio  had  suffered  losses 
of  cattle  by  the  murrain  of  1747.  Mr  Banks  remarked  that  scarcely  one  of 
the  names  of  the  small  farmers  moitioned  in  that  list  now  occurred  in  the 
parish,  from  which  he  concluded  that  they  had  been  entirely  ruined  by 
their  heavy  losses. 


8 

Mr  mUiams  ejchlbited  an  impieaaioii  of  a  oeal  of  the  Deaa  and  Chapter 
of  Lichfield^  fonnd  at  CayendiBh  in  Suffolk^  and  now  prflBerred  in  the 
Sadboiy  Moseom ;  also  another  impression  of  a  seal  in  pooocooion  of  a 
private  person  at  Cayendish.  This  seal  conusts  of  a  gem  engrayed  with  a 
lamb  and  flag  set  in  silyer^  the  rim  (of  silyer)  bears  the  inscription  S.  Jo- 
HANNis  ov  Bois.  It  was  ooigectored  that  this  part  of  the  seal  was  about 
the  date  of  Henzy  IVth. 

Feb.  19,  1866.    The  President  in  the  chair. 

Tlie  Pnsident  exhibited  a  charter  of  the  year  A.n.  1137i  in  confirmation 
of  the  privileges  of  the  monasteiy  of  Eye  in  Norfolk,  on  which  were  the 
marks  of  Stephen,  Matilda,  William  of  Gorboil,  Thnrstan,  and  others.  It  is 
the  property  of  Mr  Frere,  of  Dungate. 

The  Rev.  W.  G.  Searle  exhibited  a  dollar  of  Ferdhiand,  stmck  at 
Kempten  (in  Munich),  Bavaria,  a.d.  1623;  also  a  penny  of  Henry  II. 
King  of  Germany,  aj>.  1002— -1024,  struck  at  Daventer. 

The  Rev.  T^  G.  Bonney  read  some  notes  upon  the  megalithic  remains  in 
the  south  of  Brittany,  illustrated  by  sketches  and  plans  describing  the 
menhirs  of  £rdwar,  the  dolmens  of  Gorcaneau  and  Plouhamel,  the  menhirs 
and  dolmens  of  Lokmariaker,  and  the  sculptured  diamber  of  Gair  Innis. 
He  also  expressed  an  opinion  that  these  and  other  monuments  in  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland  exhibited  a  progress  in  art  which  was  inconsistent  with 
the  theory  of  a  post-Roman  date. 

March  6,  1866.     The  President  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Kerrich  exhibited  three  medals:  (1)  struck  on  the  mairiage  of 
Vladislaus  IV.,  King  of  Pohmd,  with  Louisa  of  Mantua ;  (2)  John  Frederic, 
Elector  of  Saxony ;  (3)  on  the  accession  of  Christina,  Queen  of  Sweden. 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  a  wood  engraving  of  the  fifteenth  century,  which 
he  had  found  pasted  in  a  book  in  the  University  libraiy ;  also  a  volume  of 
calendars,  printed  at  Cologne,  1477,  believed  to  be  the  earliest  book  which 
contains  engravings  on  copper. 

April  30,  1866.     The  President  in  the  chair. 

The  Preffldent  referred  to  the  loss  which  the  Society  had  sustained  by 
the  death  of  the  Rev.  W.  Whewell,  D.D.,  Master  of  Trinity  College,  and 
Mr  C*  H.  Cooper,  Town  Clerk ;  and  it  was  directed  that  his  remarks  be 
entered  upon  the  Minutes. 

He  spoke  of  Dr  Whewell's  interest  in  the  Society  at  all  times^  and  of 
Mr  Cooper's  constant  attendance  at  the  meeUngs,  and  the  many  valuable 
communications  made  by  him  to  the  Society. 


9 

Mr  Biadahaw  read  a  paper  on  two  poems  in  the  Unirenlty  Library  by 
Boxlowe^  the  author  of  the  Broc  (died  a.d.  1395) :  they  were  (1)  the  Siege  of 
Troy;  (2)  Lives  of  the  Saints.  They  were  until  now  quite  unknown. 
They  extend  to  about  2000  and  40000 lines  respectiTely,  Theyare  included 
in  a  MS.  of  Lydgate's  Tioy  Book.  The  volume  belonged  to  the  Duke  of 
Lauderdale's  collection,  which  was  sold  by  auction  in  London  in  1692.  He 
discoased  the  proofe  of  their  authoiship,  and  apparently  referred  them  with 
certainly  to  the  pen  of  Barbour. 

Professor  C«  C.  Babingten  exhibited  two  resinous  seals,  supposed  to  hove 
been  attached  to  bales  of  goods  in  the  17th  century. 

May  14,  1866.     The  President  in  the  chair. 

This  bein^  the  Annual  General  Meeting^  the  Treasurer  gave  an  account 
of  the  i^tiAjnAj^l  condition  of  the  Society :  the  officers  for  the  en^iing  year 
were  elected,  and  also  the  new  members  of  the  Council. 


w 


PRESENTS  AND  PURCHASES.     1865-1866. 


Original    Papers  of  the   Norfolk   Arohseologioal    Society 
and  the  Heraldic  Visitation  of  Norfolk.     From  the  Society. 

Transactions   of  the  Historic   Society  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire.     Vol  IV.     N.  S.     Fnm  the  Soeieiy. 

Proceedings  of  the  Kilkenny  Archseological  Society.     Nob. 
45 — 49.     Fnm  the  Society. 

Proceedings   of  the    Society   of    Antiquaries  of  London. 
Vol.  II.  Nos.  2  and  6. 

Proceedings  of  the  Suffolk  Institute.     Vol.  IV.  No.  2. 

Sussex  Archseological  Collections.    Vol.  XVI L    From  the 
Smsex  ArchcBological  Society. 


11 


LAWS. 


I. — ^That  the  Sodety  be  for  the  encouragement  of  the  study 
of  History,  Architecture,  and  Antiquities;  and  that  such  Sodety 
be  called  ^^  Thb  Gambbidgb  Antiquarian  Socibty.^^ 

II. — That  the  object  of  the  Society  be  to  collect  and  to  print 
infonnation  relative  to  the  above-mentioned  subjects. 

III. — ^That  the  subscription  of  each  Member  of  the  Society 
be  One  Guinea  annually;  such  subscription  to  be  due  on  the 
first  day  of  January  in  each  year :  on  the  payment  of  which  he 
shall  become  entitled  to  all  the  Publications  of  the  Society,  during 
the  current  year. 

iy.--.That  any  person  who  is  desirous  of  becoming  a  Member 
of  the  Society,  be  proposed  by  two  Members,  at  any  of  the 
ordinary  Meetings  of  the  Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next 
Meeting:  but  all  Noblemen,  Bishops,  and  Heads  of  Colleges 
shall  be  balloted  for  at  the  Meeting  at  which  they  are  proposed. 

V. — ^Tbat  the  management  of  the  affiurs  of  the  Society  be 
vested  in  a  Council,  consbting  of  a  President,  (who  shall  not  be 
eligible  for  that  office  for  more  than  two  successive  years,)  a 
Treasurer,  a  Secretary,  and  not  more  than  twelve  nor  less  than 
seven  other  Members,  to  be  elected  from  amongst  the  Members 
of  the  Society  who  are  graduates  of  the  University.  Each  Mem- 
ber of  the  Council  shall  have  due  notice  of  the  Meetings  of  that 
body,  at  which  not  less  than  five  shall  constitute  a  quorum. 


12 

VI. — That  the  President,  Treasurer,  and  Secretary,  and  at 
least  three  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council,  shall  be  elected 
annually  by  ballot,  at  a  General  Meeting  to  be  held  in  the  month 
of  May ;  the  three  senior  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council  to 
retire  annually. 

VII. — ^That  no  Member  be  entitled  to  vote  at  any  General 
Meeting  whose  subscription  is  in  arrear.  . 

y  III. — That,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  the  Council  at 
their  Meetings  shall  elect  a  Chairman,  such  Chairman  having  a 
casting-vote  in  case  of  equality  of  numbers,  and  retaining  also  his 
right  to  vote  upon  all  questions  submitted  to  the  CouncO. 

IX. — That  the  accounts  of  the  receipts  and  expenditure  of 
the  Society  be  audited  annually  by  two  auditors,  to  be  elected  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting;  and  that  an  abstract  of  such 
accounts  be  printed  for  the  use  of  the  Members. 

X. — ^That  the  object  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the  Society  be, 
to  read  communications,  acknowledge  presents,  and  transact  mis- 
cellaneous business. 

XI. — ^That  the  Meetings  of  the  Society  take  place  once  at 
least  during  each  term :  and  that  the  place  of  meeting  and  all  other 
arrangements,  not  specified  in  the  Laws,  be  left  to  the  discretion 
of  the  Council. 

XII. — ^That  any  Member  be  allowed  to  compound  for  his 
future  subscriptions  by  one  payment  of  T&n  Ouinsas, 

XIII. — ^That  Members  of  the  Society  be  allowed  to  propose 
Honorary  Members,  provided  that  no  person  so  proposed  be  either 
resident  within  the  County  of  Cambridge,  or  a  member  of  the 
University. 


IS 

XIV.— That  Honorary  Members  be  proposed  by  at  least  two 
Members  of  the  Society,  at  any  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the 
Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next  Meeting. 

XV. — That  nothing  shall  be  published  by  the  Society,  which 
has  not  been  previously  approved  by  the  Council,  nor  without  the 
anthor^s  name  being  appended  to  it. 

XVI. — ^That  no  alteration  be  made  in  these  Laws,  except  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting  or  at  a  Special  General  Meeting 
called  for  that  purpose,  of  which  at  least  one  week'^s  notice  shall 
be  given  to  all  the  Members ;  and  that  one  month^s  notice  of 
any  proposed  alteration  be  communicated,  in  writing,  to  the 
Secretary,  in  order  that  he  may  make  the  same  known  to  all  the 
Members  of  the  Society, 


It  is  reqiMsfed  thai  all  Oammunieationi  intended  foit  ike 
Soeistjf^  and  the  names  of  Candidates  for  admissionj  be  far- 
warded  to  the  Secretary^  or  to  the  Treasurer, 

Subscriptions  received  by  the  Treasurer,  or  by  his  Bankers, 
Messrs  Mordock  and  Co.,  Cambridge ;  or  at  the  Bank  of  Messrs 
Smith,  Payne,  and  Smith,  London,  ^*  To  the  Cambridge  Anti- 
quarian Sodety^s  account  with  Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Gam- 
bridge.'' 


CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  COMMUNICATIONS, 


BEING 


PAPERS  PRESENTED  AT  THE  MEETINGS 


OF  THE 


Cambnti0e  ilnttquarian  Sbotitt^. 


No.  XV 


BEIKO  THE  SECOND  No.  OF  THE  THIRD  VOLUME. 


CAMBRIDGE : 

PBINTBI)   BY  a   J.  CLAY,   M.A. 

AT  TUB  UNIVERSITY   PRESS. 

1I.D000.LXVI. 


V.    Letteks  of  Abchbishop  Williams,  with  Mate- 

RIALS    FOR   HIS    LiFE.      C!OMMUNICATED    BY  JOHN 

E.  B.  Mayor,  M.A.  St  John's  College. 

OonHnued  from  Vol,  IL  p.  66. 


CONTENTS   OF  LETTERS  XXVIII— XLVII. 

XXVIIL  Williams  to  the  lord  admiraL  Westminster,  27  JuL  1621. 
On  archbishop  Abbot's  killing  a  man.  On  his  own  business  relating  to  the 
great  seaL 

XXIX.  Williams  to  Dr  Collins.  Westm.  11  Mar.  162}.  Recommends 
Medcalfe  of  St  John's  as  Hebrew  professor. 

XXX.  Same  to  Song's  college.  Westm.  1  Oct  1622.  Begs  them  to 
allow  Richard  Heme  B.A.  to  travel  beyond  sea& 

XXXI.  Same  to  Dr  CoUms.  Westm.  21  Oct  1622.  Sends  articles 
exhibited  unto  him  by  Richard  Day,  and  begs  them  to  condade  on  some 
JQstconrse. 

XXXII.  King's  college  to  Williams.  28  Oct  1622.  Cannot  comply 
with  his  request  for  HemOi  his  fellowship  haying  lapsed,  as  appears  by  a 
certificate  from  his  tator. 

XXXIII.  Williams  to  Buckingham.  2  Mar.  162}.  Recommends  him 
eiUier  to  taike  the  office  of  lord  steward  himself,  or  to  discontinue  it 

XXXIY.  Williams  to  Dr  Collins.  Non-such,  27  Aug.  1624.  Recom- 
mends *^  this  little  man,  the  bearer." 

XXXV.  Williams  to  Sir  James  Whitlock.  Westminster,  3  Oct  1624. 
The  king  wishes  to  remove  him  from  Chester  to  the  king's  bench. 

6 


62 

XXXVI.  Same  to  Buckingham.  WestmiiiBter,  7  Jan.  162|.  B^gs 
leave  to  kiss  the  king's  hand. 

XXXVII.  Same  to  Dr  Collins.  Backden,  4  Apr.  1627.  Begs  tiie 
college  to  deal  fairly  with  their  tenant,  lord  Strannge,  in  renewing  the  lease 
of  Prescot  rectory. 

XXXVIII.  Same  to  same  and  to  Mr  Clifford.  Buckden,  1  Aug.  1627. 
Proposes  a  private  hearing  of  an  appeal  on  the  part  of  Mr.  Jenour  against 
an  election  at  Et(m. 

XXXIX  Same  to  same.  Buckden,  Iff  Jan.  162f.  Still  on  Jenour's 
case. 

XL.  Same  to  same.  Westm.  27  June,  1628.  Inclines  to  think  that 
Jenour  has  the  best  right 

XLI.  Same  to  same.  Buckden,  20  Aug.  1632.  Thanks  for  his  kind- 
ness to  ^  a  poore  nephewe  of  mine." 

XLII.  Same  to  same.  Buckden,  19  Jul.  1633.  Has  examined  his 
kinsman,  who  will  need  the  ''mayne  helpe"  of  his  tutor,  if  he  is  to  r^iay 
the  trouble' spent  upon  him. 

XLIII.  Same  to  earl  of  Arundel  and  Surrey.  Tower,  2  Oct.  1640. 
Begs  that  he  may  be  removed  from  the  Tower,  where  he  is  now  disturbed 
by  the  noise  of  tibe  soldiers.  Excuses  his  conduct  relating  to  his  kinsman, 
Hampden. 

XLIV.  Same  to  the  house  of  lords.  Cawood,  3  JuL  1642.  Came  to 
Yorkshire  by  the  king's  command.  Will  request  the  king  to  allow  him  to 
obey  the  order  of  the  house. 

XLV.  Same  to  his  cousin,  Thomas  Bulkley.  Conway,  16  May,  1643. 
Recommends  him  to  send  ammunition  to  lord  CapeL 

XLVI.  Same  to  same.  7  Sept.  1643.  War  news.  Desires  him  to  meet 
lord  Capel,  to  concert  measures  for  the  king's  service. 

XLVII.  Same  to  earl  of  Manchester.  [Shortly  before  20  Apr.  1647]. 
Thanks  for  an  ordinance  of  the  lords,  pardoning  his  support  of  the  king's 
cause. 

[E'er  access  to  the  letters  in  the  treasury  of  King's  college,  I  am  in- 
debted to  the  Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank.] 


63 


LETTER  XXVIII. 
Williams  to  the  lobd  admibal  Buckingham. 

Mis'  Original  LeUers,  3rd  Series,  iv.  184;  Cahala,  i.  66;  from 
MS.  Harl.  7000,  art.  80. 

My  Mo6t  Noble  Lord, 

An  unfortunate  occasion  of  my  L.  Grace  his  killinge 
of  a  man',  casuany  (as  it  is  here  constantly  reported),  is  the  cause 
of  my  aecondinge  of  my  yesterdayes  letter  unto  your  L^  His 
Grace  (upon  this  accident)  is,  by  the  common  lawe  of  England  to 
forfeyt  all  his  Estate  unto  his  Ma^.  and  by  the  Canon  lawe  (which 
is  in  force  with  us)  Irregular,  ipso  facto^  and  soe  suspended  from 
an  ecdeaiastical  function,  untill  he  be  agayne  restored  by  his 
Supmor,  which  (I  take  it)  is  the  Kings  Majestye,  in  this  nmke 
and  order  of  ecdesiasticall  jurisdiction.  If  you  send  for  D'  Lamb', 
he  will  acquaint  your  Lordship  with  the  distinct  penalties  in  this 
kynde.  I  wish  with  all  my  heart,  his  M^*  wold  be  as  mercifull 
as  ever  he  was  in  all  his  life:  but  yeat  I  held  it  my  dutye  to  lett 

^  *^  Whilst  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury  was  a  hunting  in  Bomhill  park, 
belonging  to  my  lord  Zouch,  near  Hertford  bridge,  he  killed  the  keeper  by 
diance  with  a  eross-bow.  The  quaere  was,  whether  he  should  incur  the 
penalty  of  irregolarity  by  this  inyolantary  manslaughter,  or  suspension  f  "— 
Camden's  AunaU,  JuL  18, 1621.  ^  The  archbishop ....  is  declared  by  the 
delegates  neither  to  have  incorred  the  penalt>y  of  irregularity,  nor  to  hare 
done  any  scandal  to  the  church."— /&u^.  Noy.  1621.  The  controyersy  may 
be  seen  in  Foller's  Church  Hut.  y.  484  seq.  yi.  42  seq.  with  Brewer's  notes ; 
Heylyn's  Laud,  81  seq. ;  D'Ewes'  Life,  i.  201  seq. ;  Rnshworth,  i  434  seq.; 
Haeket's  WtUiami,  i.  65  seq. ;  Clarorum  virorum  ad  G.  J.  Fossium  epi- 
tMoB,  p.  29  b ;  Wood's  A.  0.  ii  561  seq.;  Cahala  (4to.  Lend.  1654)  i.  12 ; 
WOkins^  CkmcU.  ii  462 ;  Rymer,  xyii.  340 ;  HoweM's  State  Trials;  Calendar 
qf  State  Papers,  1619-23,  pp.  278  seq.  Williams  and  Laud  both  refused 
to  be  consecrated  by  him  (ibid.  287). 

*  '^Doctour  Lamb  (the  bearer)  is  a  yery  sufficient,  and  (for  ought  I  eyer 
heard  of  him)  an  honest  man.  The  King  hath  imployed  him  in  discoyery  of 
counterfeit  Witchcrafts,  in  reforming  of  no  counterfeit,  but  hearty  Puritanes, 
and  he  hath  done  good  seryice  therem."  WiUiams  to  Buckingham  (Cabala, 
lei.  22  July  1621).    Cf.  Hacket,  i.  37 ;  Calendar  qf  State  Papers. 

6—2 


64 

his  M^  knowe  (by  your  Lordship)  that  his  M^""  is  falne  upon  a 
matter  of  great  advise  and  deliberation. 

To  add  affliction  to  the  afflicted  (as  no  doubt  he  is  in  mynde) 
is  against  the  Kingis  nature.  To  have  Virum  sanguineum^^  or  a 
man  of  blood,  primate  and  patriarke  of  all  his  Church,  is  a 
thinge  that  sounds  very  harshe  in  the  old  Gouncells  and  Ganons 
of  the  Church.  The  Papists  will  not  spare  to  descant  upon  the 
one  and  the  other.  I  leave  the  knott  to  his  M^  deepe  wisdom 
to  advise  and  resolve  upon. 

A  rume  fahie  into  myne  eie  (together  with  the  rumor  I  last 
wrote  unto  your  Lordship  about)  hath  fastened  me  unto  my  bedd, 
which  makes  this  letter  the  more  unhansom.  But  I  will  take 
nothinge  to  heart  that  proceedes  from  that  Kinge,  who  has  raised 
me  from  the  dust  to  all  that  I  am.     If  the  truth  were  sett  downe, 

1,  that  my  selfe  was  the  first  mover  for  a  temporarye  Keeper, 

2,  that  his  M^*"  has  promised  me  upon  the  relinquishinge  of  the 
scale  (or  before)  one  of  the  best  places  in  this  Church,  as  most 
graciously  he  did',  3,  the  yeare  and  a  halfes  probation  left  out, 
which  is  to  Hoe  purpose,  but  to  scarre  away  my  men,  and  to  putt 
a  disgrace  upon  me,  4,  that  my  assistinge  judges  were  desired 
and  named  by  myselfe,  which  your  Lordship  knows  to  be  most 
true':  such  a  declaration  would  neither  shame  me  nor  blemish  his 
M^~  service  in  my  person.     And  it  were  fitter  a  great  deale,  the 

^  Cf.  Decret  pars  2.  cans.  23.  qu.  8.  c.  30  (from  oondl.  Tolet  xi.  c.  6, 
A.D.  675)  non  debent  agUare  iiuiicium  sanguinis,  qui  sacramenta  Domini 
tractant. 

*  *^  His  Miyjestie  (as  your  Grace  best  knoweth)  promised  me  at  the 
delivery  of  the  Seal  a  better  Bishoprick,  and  intended  it  certainly,  if  any 
such  had  fallen."    Williams  to  Backingham  {Cabala,  I  85). 

'  '^  He  besought  His  Majesty  .  .  .  First,  That  the  King  would  continue 
no  Chancellor  in  that  place  above  three  years  thenceforth ;  which  should 
first  he  put  in  practice  in  this  Mans  person.  Secondly,  That  he  should  be 
admitted  in  the  Nature  of  a  Probationer  for  one  year  and  half;  and  if  it 
appear'd  the  Chai^ge  of  the  Office  to  be  above  his  Abilities,  yet  doing  Justioe 
equally  to  his  best  power,  he  should  be  rewarded  with  an  Arch-Bishopric^ 
or  one  of  the  best  Bishoprics  at  the  End  of  that  Term.  Thirdly,  if  upon 
the  expiring  of  one  year  and  half,  it  were  found  that  he  discharged  the 
Trust  to  His  Majesties  contentment,  the  Royal  Pleasure  should  be  signified 
to  continue  hiA  to  the  Triennial  Period.  .  .  .  Fifthly,  He  moved  earnestly 


65 

penning  thereof  were  refer'd  to  my  selfe,  then  to  M'  Secietarye^ 
or  the  Lo.  Treasurer*,  who  (if  he  hadd  his  demerit)  deserves  not 
to  hold  his  staffe  halfe  a  y^are. 

I  doe  verilye  believe  they  will  hasten  to  finish  this  Acte  befor 
I  shall  heare  from  your  Lordship,  which  if  they  doo,  God  send  me 
patience  and  as  much  care  to  serve  him,  as  I  have,  and  ever  hadd 
to  serve  my  Maister.    And  then  all  must  needes  be  well. 

I  send  your  Lordship  a  copy  of  that  speech  I  have  thought 
upon,  to  deliver  at  London  upon  Monday  next  at  the  Commission 
of  the  Subsidyes :  If  his  Ma^  have  leasure  to  cast  his  eie  there- 
upon, and  to  give  direction  to  have  any  thinge  els  delivered,  or 
any  point  of  this  suppressed,  I  would  be  directed  by  your  Lord- 
ship, whom  I  recommend  in  prayers  to  Gods  guidinge  and  protec- 
tion, and  doe  rest  ent' 

Your  Lw*  true  servant  bound  in  all  obligem^ 
John  Williams, 

Custas  JSufiUi. 
Westm'.  Julye  the  27^  1621. 

To  ibe  right  honourable  my  most 
noble  lord, 
the  L.  Admirall  at  Court 

LETTER  XXIX. 

Williams  to  Da  Collins. 

Orig.,  signature  only  autograph. 

After  my  very  hearty  Oomendacons.     I  thanke  yow  for  yo' 

kinde  and  lovmg  Ifes,  and  pray  yo^  (not  knowing  that  yow  were 

one  of  the  Electors,  when  J  wrote  to  the  rest)  to  further  with 

that  the  Court  of  Chancery  might  have  a  Master  of  the  RoUs  of  exact 
knowledge  and  judgment  to  sit  with  him,  Naming  Sir  Robert  Heath,  .  . 
Sixthly,  He  petitioned  for  some  of  the  principal  Judges  of  the  several 
Benches,  whom  he  Named,  that  two  at  least  should  always  assist  hun."— 
Hacket,  L  «1 ;  Chamberlain  to  Carleton,  July  14  1621. 

*  Sir  R.  Nannton.  i..    .    «    ^ 

«  Henry  Montague,  vise  MandeviUe,  resigned  the  treasurership  m  Sept. 

1621. 


66 

yo'  sufferage,  &  best  endeavo",  the  choosing  of  M'  Medcalfe' 
of  S^  Johns  to  the  Hebrew  Lecturers  place,  if  M'.  Docto'.  Bing* 

^  Robert  Metcalfe,  a  natire  and  benefactor  of  Beverley  (Poalaon's 
Beverley,  453—458) ;  admitted  Lupton  scholar  of  St  John's  6  Nov.  1594; 
Rookesbye  fellow  of  St  John's  10  Apr.  1606 ;  as  the  next  fellow  on  this 
foundation  was  admitted  1  Apr.  1623,  it  seems  probable  that  Metcalfe 
became  Hebrew  professor  in  162}  ;  mathematical  examiner  at  St  John's 
St  John  Bapt  1612 ;  Hebr.  leetorer  7  Jul.  1615 ;  college  preadier  St 
Mark's  day  1616.  There  is  an  elegy  on  him  in  N.  Hooke*s  Amanda  (1663), 
121. 

On  the  6th  of  September  1645,  the  lords  desired  the  commons  to  con- 
cnr  in  the  ordinance  for  making  him  a  senior  fellow  of  Trinity  collie, 
which  was  done:  ** Ordered,  I'hat  Dr.  MedeaHf^  Hebrew  Professor  in 
Cambridge,  be  (according  to  that  Indnlgence  which  the  Statate  of  that 
College  allows  him,  cap.  41.)  upon  the  relinquishing  of  his  Professor's 
Place,  put  into  one  of  the  FeUowships  in  Trinity  Cdledgs,  now  vacant  by 
Ejectment"  etc.  {Lorde  Joum.  viL  570  b,  574  b,  575  a) 

His  will  dated  9  Oct  1652,  proved  25  Apr.  1653,  is  m  MS.  Baker  xxvi. 
207 — ^213.  Among  the  bequests  are  "^  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  Trinity 
college,  whereof  I  am  a  fellow,  the  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds,  to  bo 
bestowed  in  diyinity  books  for  the  library  of  the  said  college,  according  ta 
the  discretion  of  tiie  master  and  seniors  of  that  college^  as  they  shall 
appoint.  Item,... unto  St  John's  colloge,  whereof  I  was  fellow,  the  like 
sum  of  one  hundred  pounds  to  l>e  bestowed  in  like  manner  upon  diyinity 
books  for  the  library  of  the  college."  To  his  executor  John  Symonds,  par- 
son of  Gislingham,  he  bequeaths  his  folio  books,  and  aU  Mb  paper  books  and 
paper&  "  My  folio  books. .  .cost  me  aboye  one  hundred  pounds,  and  I  think, 
one  with  another  they  are  worth  so  much."  His  smaUer  books  he  bequeaths 
to  John  Oourtman,  B.A.,  fell*  Trin.,  ''and  my  desire  is  that  Sir  Oourtman 
do  not  sell  any  of  the  books,  which  I  haye  giyen  and  bequeathed  to  him, 
but  keep  them  for  his  use." 

There  is  a  note :  ''Dec.  15. 1652.  I  desire  and  it  is  my  will,  that  my 
executor  should  pay  towards  the  finishing  of  this  uniyersity's  library  the 
summe  of  twenty  pounds. 

BoBBaT  Metcalfe. 

...This  was  not  in  the  will,  but  I  found  it  under  Dr  Metcalfs  own  hand, 
so  was  willing  in  all  things  to  perform  what  I  conceiyed  to  be  his  intention. 

John  Stmonds." 

'  Dr  Andrew  Bing,  of  Peterhouse,  ordained  deacon  and  priest  15  Aug. 
1597  by  Richard  Yaughan,  bishop  of  Chester;  licensed  to  preach  by  the 
uniyersity  17  Dec.  1602  (MS.  Baker  iy.  165  =  A  192).  King's  letter  for  him 
to  bo  master  of  C.  C.  C.  C.  26  Mar.  1618  {ihid,  vi.  32b.  =  B.  29).  See  also 
ibid,  xviii.  39. 


67 

shall  redgne  it  yp  Tvith  sach  a  desyre  &  intention.  The 
rather  because  J  am  a  litle  too  much  vpon  the  Stage  in  this 
bnnjnes,  whither  J  wold  not  haue  bin  drawne,  if  J  had  ever 
thought  that  my  good  Friend,  the  M'.  of  Trinitie  GoDedge^  wold 
haue  made  so  dainty  of  so  ordinary  a  Suyte.  J  pray  yow  com* 
mend  me  &  my  Suyte  to  M'.  Vioe-Ohannoellor',  &  let  him 
know,  that  if  M'.  Greighton',  or  any  other  shall  procure  his 
Maties  Ires  (which  is  an  easy  thing  surrepticiously  to  be  efiected) 
J  will  take  ypon  me  to  satisfie  his  Matie,  if  M'.  Medcalfe  be 
dected:  &  wiU  take  order  ^  it  be  not  too  bite)  to  prevent 
it.  Soe  J  commend  me  againe  most  heartyly  vnto  yow,  and  all 
yo^  Society,  &  rest 

Yo'  assured  louing  Freind 

Jo:  lincoln,  C.S, 
Westm'.  OoUedge, 

11  Mart.  1621. 

To  the  right  worsp^: 
My  veiy  louing  Freind 
Mr.  Doctor  Gollyns 
Prouost  of  E>:  Golledge 
in  Gambridge,  &  his  Ma^: 
Reader  of  Diuinity 
there  del',  these. 

Endorsed :        L.  Supers  lii  for 
M'.  Medcalfe. 

1  Jdm  Bidiflrdson.  See  Fuller's  JForthiei  (JS"")  L  238;  Hacket^  i  24^ 
26, 32,  33;  Wood,  F,  O.  i.  336,  ed  Bliss;  ''publickly  reproached  in  St  Maries 
Pulpit  in  his  own  Umyersity  by  the  name  of  a  Fat-bellied  Arminian.''-^ 
Hejlin's  Laiud^  122.  Joseph  Mead  in  a  letter  to  Stuteville  23  Apr.  1625 
[in  Birch's  Court  qf  Charles  L  I  13),  gives  an  account  of  his  last  sickness^ 
and  of  his  will,  which  is  transcribed  in  MS.  Baker  zxyL  153 — 155.  Casaa- 
bon  was  his  goest  in  July  and  September  1611  (Ep?iemerides,  855,  877)  and 
borrowed  books  of  him  {Epistolce,  ed.  AlmeL  430  a  ad  fin.). 

'  The  Yicechancellor  in  1622  was  Dr  Jerome  Beale. 

'  Rob.  Creyghton,  afterwards  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  professor  of 


68 

LETTER  XXX. 
Samb  to  Eing^s  CoLLsaB. 
Orig.;  Bignature  only  autograph. 
After  My  very  harty  Gomendacons  vnto  yo"^.  Having  vnder- 
stood  the  desyres  of  Bichakd  Hbbnb^  BatcAelar  of  Arts  &  Fel- 
lowe  of  y</,  CoUedge^  to  travayle  beyond  the  Seas,  for  the  better 
enabling  himselfe  in  his  Studyes;  &  likewise  of  his  carefull 
Father,  who  hopeth  by  this  meanes,  aswell  to  moderate  the 
overfree  disposition  he  observeth  in  his  sonne,  as  to  make  him 
more  serviceable  to  his  Oowniryey  &  better  worthy  of  the  Sodeiiej 
where  he  is  nowe  a  Member.  J  would  entreate  yo"^  (soe  fair  as 
it  maye  stand  w^  yo'  Statutes)  to  geiue  him  leaue,  for  that  pur- 
pose, to  discotinue  from  yo'  CoUedge  for  the  space  of  two  yeeres; 
&,  during  his  Trauayles^  to  lett  him  enjoye  the  Benefitt  of  his 
Plac0y  as  is  vsually  afforded  vnto  Menu  absent  in  that  kynde. 
Wherein  not  doubting  of  yo'.  favo".  to  be  extended  to  him,  & 
the  rather  for  my  sake,  J  comitt  yo^  to  the  Proteccon,  and  blessing 

of  God,  &  remayne 

Yo'  very  Loving  firiende 

Jo:  lincoln.  C.S. 
Westm'.  Coll: 
P.  Octobr.  1622. 

To  my  very  loving 
Friends  the  Provostj  &  Senior 
Fellowes  of  Kings  Golledge 
in 
Gambridge. 

Oreek,  as  was  bis  son  after  him  (Duport's  Mus,  Subnc,  340;  hence  correct 
Hardy's  LeNwe,  iii.  660).  He  was  a  ftiend  of  Hacket's  (Plume's  Life  qf 
Hackety  li).  His  MS.  lectures  on  Aristophanes  (well  deserving  publication) 
were  communicated  by  Sancroft  to  Paul  Golomies  (Colomesii  Opera,  62a 
Of.  ibid,  602).  He  was  sequestered  from  Uplowman  (Calamy,  Contin,  352). 
^at  he  had  powerful  court  interest  appears  from  the  papers  relating  to 
the  mastership  of  Cath.  Hall,  printed  in  the  Autobiography  qf  Matth, 
Bdbinson  (Cambr.  1866),  136—146.  See  also  G.  J.  Vossii  EpistolcB,  140  a  ad 
Jin.,  145  a,  152  a;  Clarorum  virorum  ad  Vossium  epistolw,  69  b,  70  a,  74  a. 
^  Kmg's  1614. 


69 

LETTER  XXXI. 
Samb  to  Dr  Collins, 

Orig.,  signature  only  autograph. 
After  my  harty  Gomendacons.  I  send  you  hereinclosed  the 
Gopie  of  certayne  Articha  (exited  vnto  me  by  M'.  Bichard  Day) 
abbreviated  out  of  former  Articles^  to  like  purpose  presented 
vnto  me;  wherevnto  J  formerly  reeeiued  yo'.  Answeare  (as  J 
required);  the  length  whereof  occasioned  by  the  tediousnes  (as 
J  guesse)  of  the  first  Articles  could  not  as  yet  receave  my  fitt 
pervsall ;  In  respect  whereof  I  haue  thought  meete  by  these  my 
Ires  to  pray  and  require  you  (ypon  consideracon  of  these  ab« 
fareyiacons  of  the  former  Articles)  to  resolue  and  conclude  vpon 
some  such  course  as  may  be  just  and  reasonable,  w^out  occasion- 
inge  any  further  trouble  to  me  or  yo'selues  herein.  Wherein 
not  doubtinge  of  yo'.  respect  as  appertayneth  J  bidd  you  hartiiy 
farewell:  From  Westminster  Oolledge  2P.  8^^  1622. 

Yo'  loueing  freind 
Jo:  lincoln.  O.S. 

Samuell  Collins  D'.  in  Diuinity  & 
Prouost  of  Einges  CoUedge  in  Cambridge. 

To  my  loueinge  freind 
D'.  Collins  Prouost 
of  Einges  Colledge  in 
Cambridge. 

Endorsed :       ^  L.  Keepers  Lre  about  M'.  Day.^ 

LETTER  XXXII. 
Dbaft  op  Letter  pbom  Eino'^s  College  to  Williams. 

Rt  honorable  &  right  reverend  Father  in  God,  o'  very  good 
Lord,  humble  duty  &  service  premised;  May  it  please  yo'  Ldp, 
yo^.  Ld^  Lres  in  f  behalf  of  S'.  Heme,  dated  Octob:  1  being 


70 

not  deliuered  to  mee  y*  Provost  till  y*  27  of  y*  siud  month, 
imediately  vpon  j*  reading  &  comunicating  of  them  to  y*  Senio' 
fellowes  to  whome  they  beare  date,  J  fomid  them  w*^  all  reverence 
and  readyness  to  enterteyne  yd"  Ldps  eayd  oomd^:,  as  becometh 
vs,  &  as  I  forr  my  part  hold  my  self  most  bomiden*  Only 
wheras  yo'  Ldp.  very  gratiously  cautioneth,  if  it  may  bee  ae* 
cording  to  y*  tenure  of  o'  Statutes  &  not  otherwise ;  it  was  said 
by^  the  most  pt  of  y*  Senio"  then  assembled,  and  by  y*  depo- 
sicon*  of  S'.  Hemes  freind  and  sometimes  Tuto',  M'.  Peirson', 
(a  Sen',  likewise  of  y*  GoU:)  vnder  his  hand\  that  S'  Heme 
is  vncapable  of  this  &uo'  by  having  lost  his  place  now  somewhile 
since,  through  voluntary  absence  fro  y*  Coll.  longer  then  Stat, 
prmitteth. 

W""^  answer  of  o'  company  humbly  submitting  to  yo'.  L*^  good 
&  fauorable  oonsideron  and  ready  to  yeild  what  further  satisiaccon 
yo'  L"^^.  shall  please  in  least  sort  to  signify  to  be  expected  [of 
us]  in  this  [or  any  other]  kinde,  wee  take  o'  humble  leaue  for 
this  time,  not  w^out  o'  harty  prayers  to  allmighty  God  for 
p'^longing  yo'  L'*''  life  ix)  y*  good  of  many  w"*  all  encrease  of  bono' 
&  prosperity. 

Kings  GoU:  Camb:  Octob:  28.  1622. 
Yo'.  L***  most  humbly  to 
be  comaunded. 
To  the  rigt  wor"^  &  my 
most  respected  frend 
M'  Doctor  Collins 
thes. 


1  Mid  by}  Collection  in  2^  hand;  l"*  hand  wrote  first  'tho  opinion  of, 
and  then '  thought  by.' 

*  depoHcOn]  8^  hand  '  idlegacion.' 

'  Yice-proYOst,  afterwards  rector  of  Kingston.  He  has  verses  in  E^need. 
Cantdbr.  (1612)  109,  and  in  Genethliacum  Cantabr.  (1631)  31,  32.  Walkei^s 
Stiff erings^  ii  326  b. 

«  mder  hU  hand]  Meft  v.  h.  h  in  writing/  2^  hand. 


71 

Endoised :  *  CJopy  of  y*  Lfe  fro  y*  Coll. 

to  my  L.  Keep,  touching 
S'.  Heme. 

Orig.  holograph. 

Oct.y^28*»>:  [1622]. 

J  Cuthbert  Pearson  testifie  y^  S'  Herne  is  vncapable  of  y* 

fauour  which  y®  E.  Honorable  y^  Lord  Keeper  doth  require,  for 

y^  his  dayes^  were  lapsed  one  fortnight  since  through  his  owne 

de&ult. 

By  me 

Guth :  Pearson. 

LETTER  XXXIII. 

Williams  to  Buckingham. 

ma  Orig.  Letters,  Third  ser.  iv.  p.  191—195;  OoMa,  i.  101; 

from  MS.  Harl  7000,  art.  92,  Orig. 

Maye  it  please  your  Grace, 

This  heavye  and  unexpected  accident  of  my  Lord  Stewards^ 
death  makes  me  to  be  troublesom  unto  your  Grace  at  this  time. 
In  safetye  and  discretion,  I  might  very  easilye  spare  this  labor, 
but  my  obligation  to  your  Grace  is  such,  as  that,  if  I  conceale 
any  thinge  w^  but  my  selfe  apprehendes  fitt  to  be  represented  to 
your  Grace,  whilst  I  aflfect  the  title  of  a  reserved,  dose,  and  wise, 
I  maye  loose  that  other  of  an  honest  man,  w^  I  more  esteeme. 
Thus  much  by  way  of  preface. 

I  represent  this  office  of  a  Lord  Steward,  as  a  place  to  be 
dther  accepted  of  by  your  selfe,  or  els  to  be  discontinued  (as  for 
many  yeares  towards  the  latter  end  of  Q.  Elizabethes,  and  the 
beginninge  of  our  Master^s  raigne  it  was),  and  in  any  case,  not  to 
be  placate  upon  any  other,  w^^out  the  deliberation  of  somme  fewe 

^  A  feUowship  was  lost  by  absence  of  more  than  60  days  (Statutos  24 
and  38). 

*  The  duke  of  Richmoud  died  12  Febr.  162j. 


yeares,  at  the  least.  Beinge  an  office  that  none  but  the  Kinges 
kinsmen,  or  favourites,  or  counterfavourites  (raised  up  of  purpose 
to  balance  the  great  one)  have  auncientlye  possessed.  I  could 
desire  your  Grace  hadd  it  in  your  owne  person :  for  these 
reasons. 

1 .  It  is  an  office  of  fayre,  and  very  competent  gettinges,  but 
that  is  scarce  considerable. 

2.  It  keepes  you  in  all  changes  and  alterations  of  yeares 
nere  the  Kinge,  and  gives  unto  you  all  the  opportunityes  and 
accesses,  w^out  the  envye  of  a  favouritt.  I  beseech  your 
Grace  pawse  well  upon  this;  and  caU  to  mynde,  if  the  Duke  of 
Richmond  was  not  in  this  case. 

3.  It  gives  you  opportunitye  to  gratifie  all  the  Court,  great 
and  small,  virtitte  officij^  in  right  of  your  place,  w^  is  a  thinge 
better  accepted  of  and  mterpreted,  then  a  courtesye  from  a 
favouritt.  Because  in  this  you  are  a  dispenser  of  your  owne,  but 
in  the  other  (saye  many  envious  men)  of  the  Kinges  goodnes, 
w^  wold  flowe  fast  enough  of  it  selfe,  but  that  it  is  restrayned  to 
this  pipe  and  chanel  onelye. 

4.  There  must  be  one  daye  an  end  of  this  attendaunce  as  a 
Bedchamber  man,  but  I  hope  never  of  beinge  next  unto  the 
Einge  as  a  great  Gounsailour  and  Officer,  and  above  all  others, 
which  you  cannot  be  but  by  this  office.  The  Maister  of  the 
Horse  is  but  a  Knights  place  at  the  most,  and  the  Admiralls  (in 
time  of  action)  either  to  be  imployed  abroad  personallye,  or  to 
live  at  home  in  that  ignominye  and  shame,  as  your  Grace  will 
never  endure  to ,  doe.  I  will  trouble  your  Grace  with  a  tale  of 
Dante,  the  first  Italian  poet  of  note,  who  beinge  a  great  and 
wealthy  man  in  Florence,  and  demaunded  his  opinion  who  should 
be  sent  Embassador  to  the  Pope,  made  this  answer,  that  he  knew 
not  who.  8i  jo  w  chi  sta^  si  Jo  $to  chi  va.  "  If  I  goe,  I  knowe 
not  who  shall  staye  at  home;  if  I  staye,  I  knowe  not  who  can 
perform  this  imployment^^  Yeat  your  Grace  stayeing  at  home, 
in  favoure  and  greatnes  with  his  M^,  maye  by  your  designe  and 


73 

direction  8oe  dispose  of  the  Admirall,  as  to  enjoye  the  glorye 
without  running  the  hazard  of  his  personal!  imployement.  My 
gracious  Lord,  if  any  num  shall  putt  you  in  hope  that  the  Admi- 
raltye  will  fill  your  cofiers  and  make  you  riche,  call  upon  them  to 
name  one  Admirall  that  ever  was  soe.  As  in  times  of  hostilitye 
there  is  some  gettinge,  soe  are  there  hungrie  and  unsatiable 
people  presentlye  to  devoure  up  the  same.  God  made  man  to 
lire  upon  the  land,  and  necessity  onlye  drives  him  to  sea.  Yeat 
IS  not  my  advise  absolutelye  for  your  relinquishinge  of  this,  but 
in  any  case  for  the  retayninge  of  the  other  place,  thoughe  with 
the  losse  of  the  Admiraltye. 

5.  I  beseech  your  Grace  observe  the  E.  of  Leicester,  who, 
(beinge  the  onely  favouritt  in  Q.  Elizab.  hir  time  that  was  of  any 
continuance)  made  choise  of  this  place  onelye,  and  refused  the 
Admiraltye  two  severall  times,  as  beinge  an  occasion,  either  to 
withdrawe  him  from  the  Court  or  to  leave  him  there  laden  with 
ignominye.  And  yeat  beinge  L.  Steward,  wise,  and  in  favoure, 
he  wholye  commanded  the  Admiraltye,  and  made  it  ministerial! 
and  subordinate  to  his  directions. 

6.  Bemember  that  this  office  is  fitt  for  a  yonge,  a  middle, 
and  an  old  man  to  enjoye,  and  soe  is  not  any  other  that  I  knowe 
about  his  M*^^.  Nowe  God  Almightye  havinge  given  you  favoure 
at  the  first,  and  sithence  a  greate  quantitye  (I  never  flattered  your 
Grace  nor  doe  nowe)  of  witt  and  wise  experience,  I  wold  humbly 
recommend  unto  your  Grace  this  opportunitye,  to  be  neerest  unto 
the  Kinge,  in  your  yong,  your  middle,  and  your  decreasinge  age, 
that  is,  to  be  upon  earthe  as  your  pietye  will  one  daye  make  you 
in  heaven,  an  everlastinge  favouritt. 

There  are  many  objections  which  your  Grace  maye  make,  but 
if  1  finde  any  inclination  in  your  Grace  to  laye  hold  upon  this 
proposition  I  dare  undertake  to  awnswer  them  all.  Your  Grace 
may  leave  any  office  you  please  (if  your  Grace  be  more  in  love 
with  the  Admiraltye  then  I  thinke  you  have  cause)  to  avoide 
envye. 


74 

But  my  finall  conclusion  is  this,  to  desire  your  Grace  most 
humbly  to  putt  noe  other  lord  into  this  office,  without  just  and 
mature  deliberation,  and  to  pardon  this  boldnes  and  hast,  which 
makes  me  to  write  soe  weakelye  in  a  theme  that  I  perswade  my 
selfe  I  could  mayntayne  very  valiantlye.  I  have  noe  other 
coppye  of  this  letter,  and  I  pray  €rod,  your  Grace  be  able  to 
readethis. 

I  send  your  Grace  a  letter  delivered  unto  me  from  G.  Gkmdo- 
mar,  and  dated  either  at  Madrid,  or  (as  I  observe  it  was  writt^i 
first)  at  London.  There  is  noe  greate  matter  at  whither  of  the 
places  it  was  invented. 

1  humbly  beseech  your  Grace  to  send  me  by  this  bearer  the 
resolution  for  the  Parliament.    And  doe  rest 

Your  Grace  his  most  obliged  humble  servaunt, 

Jo.  Lincoln,  G.  S. 

2  Martij.  1624.  [=  162i] 


LETTER  XXXIV. 
Williams  to  Dr  Gollins. 

Althoughe  the  longe  acquainetannce  J  haue  hadd  w%  this 
little  man,  the  bearer  hereof,  and  my  knoweledge  of  his  manye 
good  partes  and  Civill  Behauiour  might  haue  moved  me  to  haue 
recommended  his  suyte  to  any  othe'  Ghurch  o'  GoU^:  yeat 
J  haue  beene  soe  much  beholdinge  vnto  you,  fo'  soe  many 
kindenesses  and  favoures  (wherein  fo'  the  most  parte  you  haue 
still  prevented  my  suyte  by  letters)  that  J  wold  not  haue  written 
vnto  you  agayne,  but  that  therein  J  might  take  the  occasion, 
to  call  vpon  you,  to  lette  me  vnderstand  from  you  (w%out  com- 
plements) wherein  J  maye  expresse  towardes  you,  that  respect 
you  haue  deserved  at  my  handes.  J  pray  you  therefo'  to  doo 
the  Bearer,  what  favoure  you  roaye  convenientlye,  in  his  suyte. 


75 

whom  I  haue  knowne  very  honeet  and  Civil!  sith^ioe  he  was  but 
a  little  Childe,  but  in  any  case  to  make  somme  vse  &  triall  of 

You'  veiye  aeenied  louinge 
.  Freinde 

Jo :  lincohi.  G.  S. 
Non=such  this 
27^.  of  August. 
1624. 

To  my  assured  louinge 
fireynde  Mr.  Provost 
of  Kinges  College 
in  Cambrige. 

Endorsed:  ^B^.  of  Lmcolnes  Lfe/ 

LETTER  XXXV. 

Williams  to  Sib  James  Whitlock. 

From  Sir  James  Whiteloeke's  Liber  Famelieus 

(Camd.  Soc.  1858),  96. 

To  my  assured  loving  frend  sir  James  Whitlock,  cheef  Justice  of 
Chester,  and  of  his  majesties  counsell  in  the  marches  of  Wales. 
M^  justice,  after  my  verye  hartye  commendations,  upon  sum 
new  complaints  made  unto  my  noble  lord  and  youres  of  unkinde^ 
neeses  between  your  cheif  and  yow,  I  have  presumed  so  mutche 
upon  my  power  withe  yow,  and  that  desire  I  have  of  your  neer- 
nesse  unto  me,  as  to  assure  my  lord  duke,  that  to  give  his  grace 
contentment,  and  to  prevent  all  future  jealousies,  yow  wolde  leave 
your  place  to  your  predecessor  and  serve  his  majestye  as  on  of 
the  justices  of  his  Benche.  And  heerupon  the  king  (in  whose 
highe  favour  and  good  opinion  yow  do  remayne)  bathe  called  yow 
by  a  writ  for  this  service,  for  the  whiche  I  do  desire  yow  to  pre- 
pare yourself  withe  your  best  conveniencye,  desiring,  withe  all  my 
hart,  this  remove  may  prove  as  mutche  to  youres  as  it  dothe 
extreamlye  to  my  contentment,  and  assuring  yow  that  if  ever  it 


76 

shall  lye  m  my  power  to  ad  to  your  place  or  fortunee  yow  shall 
ever  really  finde  me 

Your  most  loving  and  assured  true  frend, 

Jo.  Lincoln,  C.  S. 
Westminster  college,  this  S*^  of 
October,  1624. 

LETTER  XXXVL 

Williams  to  Buckingham. 

Ellis  Original  Letters^  Sec.  ser.  iii.  256;  Oabahy  i.  107;  from 
MS.  Harl.  7000.  Art.  103. 

Most  Gracious  Lord,  beinge  com  hither,  accordinge  unto  the 
dutye  of  my  place,  to  doe  my  best  service  for  the  prsepaiation  to 
the  Coronation  \  and  to  wayte  upon  his  Majestye  for  his  royall 
pleasure  and  direction  therein,  I  doe  most  humblye  beseech  your 
Grace  to  crowne  soe  many  of  your  Graces  former  favoures,  and  to 
revive  a  creature  of  your  owne,  strucke  dead  onlye  with  your 
displeasure^  (but  noe  other  discontentment  in  the  universall  worlde) 
by  bringing  of  me  to  kisse  his  Majestyes  hand,  with  whom  I 
tooke  leave  in  noe  disfavoure  at  all.  I  was  never  hitherto  brought 
into  the  prsesence  of  a  Einge  by  any  Sainct  beside  your  selfe ; 
tume  me  not  over  (most  noble  Lord)  to  offer  my  prayers  at 
newe  Aulters.  If  I  were  guiltye  of  any  unworthye  unfaiUifulnes 
for  the  time  past,  or  not  guiltye  of  a  resolution  to  doe  your  Grace 

^  See  CdbalOf  i.  108.  '^  The  coronation  holds  on  GandlemaB  day.  .  .  The 
late  lord  keeper,  as  dean  of  Westminster,  being  to  perform  certain  ceremo- 
nies at  that  solemnity,  is  commanded  to  substitate  the  bishop  of  St  David's 
for  his  deputy." — Chamberlain  to  Garleton,  Jan.  19.  162$.  "The  occasiim 
of  this  [his  sequestration  from  his  office  at  the  coronation]  and  the  loss  of 
his  lord  keeper's  place  was  (besides  some  things  that  passed  at  the  last 
sitting  of  parliament)  a  plain  piece  of  counsel  his  lordship  gave  my  lord 
duke  at  Salisbury ;  namely,  that  being  as  then  general  both  by  sea  and  land, 
he  should  either  go  in  person,  or  stay  the  fleet  at  home,  or  else  give  over  his 
office  of  admiralty  to  some  other.*'  Letter  to  Mead,  Jan.  26.  162$  (both 
in  Birch's  Court  qf  Charles  L  i.  72,  73). 

'  See  Cabala,  i.  86  seq.    Above,  p.  69. 


11 

aD  service  for  the  time  to  com,  all  considemtions  under  Heaven 
coold  not  force  me  to  begge  it  so  eamesdye,  or  to  profeflse  my 
selfe  as  I  doe  before  God  and  you 

Your  Grace  his  most  humble 
affectionate  and  devoted 
servaunt 
Jo:  Linoola. 
We6tm^  this  T^ 
otJaiauar.  1625. 

To  my  most  gratious  Lord  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham,  these. 

LETTER  XXXVII. 

SamB    to   Da   GOLLINS.    • 

M'.  Provost.  W^  my  true  loue  and  heartiest  comedacons 
remembred.  AU  men  take  that  notice  of  the  flEtvoure  &  respect 
you  are  pleasM  to  shewe  me,  your  vnprofitable  freynd,  that  J  am 
importuned  sometimes  to  be  more  troublesom  vnto  you,  v/^  my 
letters,  then  of  myne  owne  Jnclination,  J  woM  be.  But  J  ever 
write,  w^  this  reservation,  that  if  J  touch  i^nm  any  thinge, 
praehidiciall  to  the  College  or  your  selfe,  J  pray  you  suppose  that 
part,  written  in  water\ 

Nowe  J  confesse,  J  write  the  more  willingelye,  because  J 
hope,  J  shall  but  intreat  you,  to  performe  that,  w^h  you  wold 
doe  v?*hout  any  intreatye.  W®h  is,  to  vse  one  of  your  most 
honorable  Tenants,  the  lord  Straunge,  in  his  renovation  of  the 
Lease  of  the  Bectorye  of  Prescot,  in  Lancashire,  as  you  doe 
an  others,  that  haue  any  commerce  w%  you  in  this  kinde,  fairelye, 
and  accordinge  to  your  owne  wont. 

Jf  fo'  my  sake  (who  am  much  beholdinge  to  that  noble  lord 
and  to  all  his  Familye)  the  gentlemen,  imployed  in  that  service 
from  his  Lpp   shaU  finde  any  further  Expedicion,  J  must  score 

1  See  Eraflmi  Adagia  *in  aqua  Bcribere.*    A  proverb  used  by  Plato, 
Lucian,  CatolluB,  eta 

7 


78 


it  yp  amongst  those  nuiny  reqpects,  J  baue  ever  found  from  yoa, 
and  aasore  you,  J  shall  ever  remayne 

Your  verye  afifectiooat 


Buckden.  this  .4^. 

of  Aprill.  1627. 

To  the  right  wor- 
shipfull,  my  very 
lovinge  freynd 
M'.  D'.  CoUyns, 
his  m^y**,  Professo' 
in  divinytye  in 
Gambrige,  and 
Provost  of  Kings 
College  there. 

These. 


lovinge  freynd 
Jo:  lincoln. 


LETTER  XXXVIII. 

Samb  to  Samb  and  to  Mb  Oliffoed. 

Orig.  holograph. 

Good  M'.  Provost,  and  M'.  Clifford.  My  heartiest  Comen- 
dacoQS  remembred.  This  gentleman  M'.  Jenour\  and  his  sonne, 
haue  Brought  me  an  Appeale,  fro  you^  last  Election  at  uiSton, 
wherein  he  coplaynes  of  a  prsetended  Oricvaunce,  in  that  his  sonne 
was  not  received  vnto  M'.  Olifford'^s*  place,  then,  as  is  alleged,  by 
Besignation  o'  otherwise  voyde.  The  Appeale  fo'  the  LegaUtie 
thereof,  is  so  formallye  pursued,  as  I  cold  not  but  receiue  it,  if  it 
shall  appeare  to  be  of  a  nature,  proper  for  my  Cognisaunce,  w** 
J  must  be  informed  by  you  and  your  Statutes.    Jn  the  meane 

^  Jenonr's  appeal  was  not  gustained.    His  name  does  not  occur  in  tbe 
RegUtrum  Regale.    An  earlier  Richard  J.  King's  1608. 

'  Pbil.  C.  vice-provost,  1625,  vicar  of  Fordingbridge,  1626.     King's  1606. 


79 

time,  J  bsTO  pferailed  w4i  this  genUeman,  that,  if  yoa  plaiae  to 
giue  him  a  meetinge  here,  on  the  .12.  o^  13^.  of  September  next, 
eiwainge,  he  ia  content,  that  these  difleienoee  maye  be  heard,  De 
piano  and  amnmarilje,  before  me,  if  it  doth  appertayne  to  my 
Gognieaunoe.  And  soe  ended  w^hout  cost  or  trouble.  Jf  yoo  be 
of  the  same  mynde,  J  pray  you  intimate  y'  aasent^vnto  him  by 
word  of  Mouth.  O'  els  acquainte  him  with  you'  inclination  to 
the  Gontrarye,  that  he  maye  be  left  to  his  ordinarye  Remedye  in 
Liawe.  And  soe  w^h  my  truest  lone  remembred  to  you  M'  Pro- 
vost, and  my  heartiest  Gomendacons  to  you  both,  I  rest 

Yotf  assured  lovinge 

poore  freynd, 

Jo :  hncohi. 
Buckden.  1 .  Augusti. 
1627. 

To  y*  right  wor".  M'. 
ly.  Collins  Prouost 
.      &  M'.  Clifford  one 
of  y*  Fellowes  of 
Kings  GoUege  in 
Cambridge. 

LETTER  XXXIX. 

Samb  to  Db  Colun0. 

Orig.  holograph. 

Mr  Provost.    J  have  heard  never  a  word  fro  M^  Jenour 

sithence  his  last  beinge  (w%  you)  at  Buckden.     Nor  any  man  els 

about  me.     Soe  as  J  cannot  Jmagin  what  those  alterations  shold 

be,  w^  he  hath  made  in  the  Case.    And  therefor  can  say  nothinge 

therevnto,  as  it  is  altered.     But  as  it  was  supposed  by  me,  J 

thinke  you  may  safely  subscribe  therevnto,  and  be  bold,  to  referr 

it  to  the  D".  in  Cambrige.     Jf  you  be  assured  theyr  Resolution, 

may  end  the  Cotroversie.     Els  Jt  will  prove  but  the  treadinge  of 

7—2 


80 

a  Maxe,  or  a  disputation  Jn  Circulo.    And  when  you  thinke  all 
ahall  be  at  an  end,  the  suit  is  but  beginninge. 

For  my  Opinion,  of  your  Admittinge  or  not  Admittinge,  and 
all  passages  beside  w^  may  coceme  you'  self,  J  hane  expressed 
my  self  fully  &  dearelye  in  my  last  letter.     Whervnto  J  craue 
leaue,  to  referre  you.    And  soe  to  remayne  nowe  and  ever 
Your  very  affectionat  lovinge 
freynd 

Jo :  lincoln. 
Buckden.  15.  Jan. 
1627. 

To  -f  right  wor" :  my 
very  loving  freind 
M'.  D'.  Collins 
Prouost  of  Kings 
College  in 

Cambridge. 

LETTER  XL. 

Samb  to  Same. 
Orig.,  only  signature  autograph. 
M'.  Prouost.     My  verie  heartiest  Comendaoons  remembred. 
You  may  see  by  this  enclosed  What  trouble  J  shall  bee 
enforced  to  putt  yo'.  College  and  my  selfe  ynto,  vnles  yo^.  shall 
bee  pleased  to  prevent  the  same,  by  admitting  one  of  the  two 
Scholers,  that  hath  the  most  probable  right  vnto  M'.  Cliffords 
place,  w^  J  conceiue  to  be  Jenno'.  for  as  much  as  J  can  yet  heare 
or  see.     Besides  that  J  heare  from  Eaton,  that  hee  is  the  better 
scholer  of  the  two,  w^.,  when  the  case  is  doubtfull,  or  equally 
ballanced,  may  proove  considerable.     Yf  therefore  yo"^.  would  bee 
pleasM  to  end  this  difference  of  yo'.  selfe,'  yo^.  shall  doe  mee  a 
great  kindnes.    Otherwise  J  pray  yo^  to  send  mee  word  to  Buck- 
den,  What  day  yo^  thincke  fittest,  that  J  may  come  in  a  morning 


81 

add  faeare  ihb  Ganse,  and  %ume  backe  in  the  aftemoone  the  same 
daie.  And  when  70^  ahall  resolue  vpon  the  daie,  J  ahall  desire 
70^  to  give  competent  warning  to  both  parties  to  bee  provided 
w^  their  Cionnsell,  jet  J  hope  and  desire  jo^.  will  ease  mee  of 
this  journey,  And  so  shall  J  ener  rest,  as  I  doe, 

Yo'.  verie  a£feciionate  lovinge 
freind 


Westm'.  27^ 
Jiinij.  1628^ 


Jo:  lincoln. 


LETTER  XLI. 

Samb  to  Same. 

M*.  Provost.  Vnderstadinge  from  this  bearer,  as  alsoe  fro 
the  youth  himself,  you'  great  and  extrabrdinarye  kindenes  to  a 
poore  nephewe  of  myne^,  that  (J  beleeue  by  a  former  favoure  of 
youres)  was  schoUer  of  Eton,  J  could  doe  noe  lesse,  then  retume 
you  my  heartiest  thankes  fo'  the  same.  W^  assurauoe  I  shalbe 
eiier  most  readye  to  ivcknowelege  it,  in  any  favoure  J  can  shewe 
to  eithe'  you'  selfe,  o'  any  freynd  or  kinsman  of  youres,  w^  you 
shall  recommed  vnto  me ;  for  any  favoure,  that  shall  lie,  in  any 
power  of  myne.  Desiringe  you  to  beleeve,  that,  whatsoever  J 
have  sent  o'  written  vnto  you  (o'  maye  doe  occasionallye  hereafter) 
by  the  impo'tunitye  of  others  and  the  waye  of  Justice  (w^,  you 
knowe,  J  maye  not  neglect  w'hout  hazardinge  my  fame  for  the 
p^jsent,  &  soule  for  the  time  to  come)  Jt  neither  hath,  no^  ever 
diaD  breake  any  bond  of  freyndshippe,  w^  you'  great  partes  & 
cotinuall  good  afiections  towardes  xne,  hath  soe  strongelye  knitt 
&  fastned.  And  of  the  reason  you  have  to  be  assured  of  this, 
J  appeale  to  the  Event  of  any  Acte  of  myne  donne  in  you'  Col- 
lege. 

1  John  Williams,  King's  1633,  'actively  engaged  in  the  service  of  Charles 
1/  (Reff.  Beffole.) 


82 

'  J  praye  you  the^fc/,  to  oStiime  jou'  kindenefl  soe  Ihrre  to  the 
poore  youth,  you'  creature,  as  to  tell  my  Steward  here,  what  ia 
fti'the'  to  be  donne  for  him  &  hid  accommodation.  And  to  tspeake 
▼nto  the  yonge  gentleman  (whom,  J  thanke  you,  you  baue  named 
to  be  his  Tuto')  to  make  a  stepp  oyo'  hither  w^hin  these  .9.  ox  .10. 
dayes,  because  J  am  not  certayne,  when  J  shall  retume  fro  Lin* 
coin. 

Once  more  J  thanke  you  verye  heartilye,  &  am  ever 
You''  affectionat  loving 
freynd 

Jo:  lincoln. 
Buckden.  20»».  Aug;  1682. 


T 


^0  the  ri^t  wor :  my 
very  wo'thye  freynd 
M'.  D'.  CoUyns  Provost 
of  Einge  College  in 
Gambrige  &  his 
M*y*  Professor  of  Divini- 
tye  there.    These. 
Endorsed :  *  B^.  Lincolnes  Lre  about 
Willms  y*  scholler.^ 


LETTER  XLII. 

Same  to  Same. 

'  M'.  Provost.  W%  my  heartiest  Oomendacons  vnto  you.  J 
doe  nowe,  by  examininge  a  little,  my  kinsman,  who  (by  youF 
favoure)  hath  spent  somme  .9.  yeares  in  Eton  Oollege,  dearelye 
vnderstand,  howe  much  J  am  beholdinge  vnto  you,  for  the  Time 
and  favoures  passed,  and  must  be  to  M^  VmtnerS  for  the  time  to 

^  Hen.  Y.  King's  1623,  rect  Stamford  GourtDey,  and  afterwards  of  Wes- 
ton Turyille  (Harwood's  Alumni  EUm,  223),  where  he  died  1678  (LipBOomVs 
BtukSy  il  498). 


ecMne.  Far  ^hont  hb  mayne  hdpe,  J  much  (eue^  yovf  fiiTomes 
wilbe  loBt,  and  my  expectation,  fruBtrated.  And  yeat  J  will  not 
expect  impossibilities  at  his  handes,  but  shewe  my  selfe  thanke« 
full,  for  his  endevoures,  and  deare  dealinge  wHh  me,  fro  time  to 
time,  what  maybe  hoped  for  in  this  course,  fro  the  younge  man; 
Howeuer  that  shall  happen,  J  doe  acknowelege  my  self  much 
bound  to  you,  &  shall  never  faile  to  expresse  my  selfe,  vpon  all 
Occasions, 

You'  affectionat  lovinge 
freynd 


Biickden.  19^.  of  Julye. 
1633. 


Jo:  Hncoln. 


rpo  the  right  wor :  my 
-^  worthy  friend  M'.  D'. 
Collins.  Provost  of 
Einges  Goll.  in  Oam^ 
brige*    these. 
Endorsed:  ^B^.  Lincolnes 
Lre  July  .1633; 

LETTER  XLIIL 

Williams  to  thi  kabl  of  Abundbl. 

Fairfaa  Correspimdmcey  i.  339,  340. 

To  the  Most  Honourable  And  My  Most  Noble  Lord,  Thomas, 
Earl  of  Arundel  and  Surrey,  Present  These. 

My  Most  Honourable  and  Most  Noble  Lord, 

Not  the  hope  of  being  able  for  the  small  remainder  of  my 
life  to  perform  any  proportionable  service  or  gratitude  unto  your 
good  lordship  for  your  former  justice  and  favours  towards  me,  by 
which  I  enjoy  that  little  remainder  I  have  of  any  civil  or  political 
being,  but  that  innate  propension  which  nature  hath  planted  in 


84 

eveiy  man*s  heart,  to  repair  thither  for  help,  where  he  has  for- 
merly found  relief,  makes  me  (otherwise  of  myself  not  forward  in 
this  kind  of  boldness)  to  rush  thus  unseasonably  upon  your  lord- 
ship'^s  more  serious  affairs,  upon  these  occasions  of  storms  and 
adversities. 

The  Tower'  of  London,  my  noble  Lord,  is  for  his  Majesty's 
greater  affairs,  from  a  fair  palace  and  quiet  aboad%  turned  of  late 
to  a  fort  or  citadel,  and  become  so  full  of  soldiers  and  that  kind 
of  dirge  or  noise,  which  is  most  adverse  and  contrary  to  retired 
thoughts  and  the  disposition  of  a  student;  so  that  as  I  have  been 
sequestered  for  above  these  three  years  past  from  the  company  of 
the  living,  so  am  I  now  bereaved  from  any  conversation  with  the 
dead,  and  kept  close  prisoner  from  men  and  books  in  effect,  until 
such  time  in  the  evening  as  these  people  are  withdrawn  into  their 
private  huts  and  cabins. 

May  it  please  your  good  lordship  therefore,  out  of  your  own 
nobleness  and  pity,  to  procure  me  to  be  removed  from  this  prison 
to  any  other  place  of  abode  where  I  may  enjoy  a  little  fresh  and 
dry  air,  upon  what  terms,  limitations,  and  conditions  the  Eing^s 
Majesty  or  the  lords  shall  hdd  convenient,  the  rather,  my  good 
lord,  because  there  is  received  (or  now  due)  out  of  my  sequestered 
estate  half  as  much  more  as  my  fine'  comes  unto. 

For  his  Majesty'^s  last  offence  conceived  against  me,  about  a 
proposition  made  unto  and  recalled  from  Mr  Hampden^  in  twenty- 
four  hours;  I  have  to  his  Majesty  taken  the  &ult  wholly  upon 
myself,  because  others  will  participate  of  no  burdens  of  this  kind. 
It  was  in  Hilary  Term  that  the  motion  was  made  unto  me,  as 
from  his  Majesty,  to  petition  for  the  putting  off  of  that  hearing, 

V  '^  My  Pen  nmst  not  [dfle  this  word  not]  now  go  with  the  Bishop,  my 
good  Master,  to  his  Lodgings  in  the  Tower,  whither  in  my  Person  I  resorted 
to  him  weekJiy ; . . .  excepting  when  he  was  confined  to  dose  imprisonment." 
Hacket,  ii.  126, 127. 

•  abroad  in  Fairfax  Corr, 

»  X8,a00  (Puller's  Church  History,  ed.  Brewer,  vi.  158). 

^  Cousin  to  Wilh'ams  (Hacket,  ii.  212). 


85 

mth  fiill  aasarance  I  should  be  presently  restored  to  my  poor  for- 
tunes; and  when  I  had  go  petitioned,  I  waa  notwithstanding  kept 
from  all  means  and  liberty,  my  Parliament  writ  stopt,  and  never 
had  any  partieular  (though  I  earnestly  called  for  it)'  brought  unto 
me  in  bis  Majesty^s  name,  but  at  the  very  night  before  the  last 
Parliament  was  broken  up, — ^and  then,  Qod  he  knoweth  in  what 
matter  and  manner  that  proposition,  or  rather  question,  was  put 
npoD  me.  Mow  my  business  with  my  kinsman,  Mr.  Hampden, 
was  begun  and  ended  ten  or  twelve  days  before  that  time,  which 
his  Majesty  peradventure  is  not  informed  of;  and  further,  I  do 
not  go  about  to  excuse  this  accident  otherwise  than  in  humbly 
craving  pardon  of  his  Majesty  if  I  have  offended.  Lastly,  whereas 
yonr  lordship,  as  Mr.  Lieutenant  tells  me,  hath  heard  complaints 
of  some  brables  between  a  servant  of  mine  and  some  of  the 
warders  of  the  Tower,  be  pleased  to  understand  that  that  warder 
who  complained  unto  me  was  quite  drunk,  as  it  seems  my  man 
was  ako,  who  hath  been  sufficiently  punished  aheady  both  by  Mr. 
Lieutenant  and  the  warders,  and  more  severely  by  myself.  But 
it  is  not  worth  the  troubling  your  good  lordship  with  what  passed 
between  that  one  warder  and  me,  seeing  that  I  am  assured,  and 
have  good  witness  thereof,  he  was  in  such  a  case  at  that  time  as  I 
could  not  possibly  understand  him,  and  therefore  might  easily 
misunderstand  me,  and  in  consequence  thereof  misreport  me. 

My  Lord,  whether  I  shall  receive  this  favour  or  any  other 
from  your  lordship,  I  am  for  those  great  ones  already  past,  and 
the  esteem  I  have  ever  borne  of  your  most  noble  person,  lady,  and 
family, 

Your  lordship'^s  most  obliged  servant 

and  beadsman 

Jo.  Lincoln* 

Tower,  this  2nd  of  October,  1640. 


86 


LETTER  XLIV. 

Williams  to  thb  housib  op  Lords* 

Parliameniary  Hist,  of  England^  xi.  280.     Lond.  1753. 

My  Most  Noble  Lords^ 

My  Duty,  in  all  Humility  and  Lowliness,  remembered 
unto  your  Lordships,  I  have  received  your  Noble  Lordships  Orders 
of  the  twenty-second  of  Jwm^  but  this  Day,  Jtdy  the  third,  bdng 
the  Lord^s  Day;  and  it  is  impossible  I  should,  literally,  comply 
with  the  Matter  required  in  the  same.  I  came  from  EwntingJUn^ 
shire  to  York,  from  which  I  was  not  debarred  by  any  Order  from 
the  Honourable  House,  by  his  Majesty^s  Command;  and,  by  the 
same  Gommand,  I  am  strictly  required  not  to  depart  this  County 
of  York  without  his  Majesty ^s  special  Leave,  upon  Pain  of  seizing 
<^  my  Temporalities.  Your  Lordships  Messenger  can  inform 
you  he  found  me  not  at  York,  but  here,  at  my  own  Country 
House,  preaching  to  my  Feople\  I  will  wait  upon  his  Majesty 
and  humbly  desire  his  Favour,  that  I  may  obey  your  Honourable 
Order  in  Act,  as  I  already  do  in  Prceparaiione  AnimL  In  the 
mean  Season,  I  do  most  earnestly  intreat  your  Lordships  Favour 
and  Mercy  towards  me,  if  I  trespass  a  little  in  the  prescribed 
Time;  and  your  Lordships  shall  never  hear,  from  any  true  Rela- 
tion, that,  by  any  Miscarriage  of  mine,  I  shall  otherwise  comport 
myself  than  as  becometh 

Your  Lordships  most  humble 
and  obedient  Servant, 
Orator,  and  Petitioner, 
Jo.  Eborac. 
Oawood,  July  3, 
1642. 

^  Assiduous  in  the  oonsultations  of  war  with  the  gentry  (Hacket,  ii. 

186—187). 


87 


LETTEB  XLV. 
Williams  to  Thomas  Bulklbt. 

From  the  Bulkeley  MSS.  at  Baron  HilL    Printed  in 
ArchoBohg.  Cambr^rmB.  let  Ser.  i.  329. 

To  the  B.  worshipfiill 
my  noble  Cozen,  M' 
Thomas  Bulkley  Esq. 
aiBamhiU 
these. 

My  veiye  lovinge  Cozen 

You  have  reeeir^d  a  letter  from  me,  by  the  Solicitor, 
nv^  followeth  your  boysines,  about  a  coplaint  made  by  M'  Sherif 
above  ag^  you  etc.  I  have  sithenoe  by  my  Ckizen  yon'  Sonne 
hubly  advised  you,  to  present  the  lord  Oapel  (in  much  want  in 
that  kinde)  with  a  ferkyn  of  powder  &  a  Barrel  of  Bullets^  and  to 
doe  it  soe,  that  these  things  may  be  here  delivered,  to  be  sent 
away  some  times  to  morrowe.  And  you  shall  trust  me,  soe  to 
improve  the  present,  that  you  shall  never  repent  you  thereof.  I 
doe  the  like  my  selfe.  And  will  never  advise  you  to  anythinge, 
but  what  I  cocmve,  wil  be  for  your  Advatage,  rather  then  losse, 
as  beinge  Noble  Cozen, 

Your  verye  lovinge 
fr^d  &  Servaunt 

Jo.  Eb<Mnc. 
Conway.  16**  of 
Maye  1643. 

1  On  Williams'  exertioiis  on  the  king's  behalf  at  Conway,  see  Haeket^ 
a  207—211. 


88 

LETTER  XLVI. 

Same  to  same. 

Ibid.  p.  330. 
To  the  right  wor. 
his  noble  Cozen  M' 
Thomas  Balkley  Esq', 
at  Barn-hill  near 
Bewmarish  these. 

My  Yerye  noble  Cozen 

I  received  this  Mominge  a  letter  fr5  M'  Bridgeman  that 
he  stads  in  great  need  and  necessitye  of  moneys,  and  doth  expect 
that  other  250^.  by  the  end  of  the  next  or  beginninge  of  the 
weeke  ensuinge  at  the  furthest.  Befo'  w^^  time  neverthelesse,  he 
doth  resolve  to  send  your  buysines  dispatched. 
'  The  newes  are  not  great.  That  Brerton  &  Middleton  are 
still  at  Namptwich.  And  have  not  moved.  That  the  Welsh 
forces  are  gon  to  Wrexam  from  Chester  to  meet  the  Shropshyre 
there.  That  Capel  is  commanded  by  the  Kinge,  vpon  his  Alle- 
giance, to  feight  them,  if  they  offer  to  move  Southward,  towards 
Glocester,  where  all  the  Bebds  are  drawinge  to  saue  that  Towne. 

That  Essex  mouinge  that  way,  is  wayted  on  by  Wilmot  w^ 
3000  horse,  who  routed  his  excelleoye  &  beat  him  out  of  his 
Quarters. 

That  Tattershall  your  kinsman^s  the  E.  of  Lincoln's  Castle, 
is  taken  by  the  Marq.  of  Newcastle  &  the  pluder  of  all  that 
Coutrye  in  it.  That  the  saide  Marq.  hath  taken  Beverley  by 
assault,  followed  Fayrfax  to  Hull  Gates,  w***  an  Armye  of  20,000 
men,  vnder  Kinge  the  Scotchman ;  the  same  towne,  being  beseiged 
by  sea  w***  60  Shipps. 

You  have  received  letters  fr5  My  lord  Capel  lately:  &  I  desire 
you  to  appoint  a  speedyemeetinge,  &  to  acquaint  me  therew*^  that 
I  may  be  there.     For  if  somwhat  be  not  donne  in  that  Coutye, 


89 

for  the  fariheraiice  of  fab  Mtyee  S^rvis,  I  see  gnat  danger  fatang- 
inge  over  it.  As  esteemed  an  nnkynde  &  suspected  Coontye^ 
I  leaye  yon  Noble  Cozen  in  God^s  {wotection,  and  am 

Your  verye  lovinge  freynd  and  cozen 
Jo.  Eborac. 
this  7*^  of  Sept  1643. 

The  seals  to  the  two  last  letters  are  the  same,  yIz.  a  signet  or 
ring  seal,  bearing  on  a  small  shield  a  chevron  between  three 
Engliahmen^s  heads  two  and  one. 


LETTER  XLVIL 

Williams  to  the  eabl  of  Manchester. 

ParKameniary  Hiii.  of  England^  xv.  349.  written  a  short  time 
before  April  20,  1647. 

To  the  Bight  Honourable,  my  yery  Noble  Lord,  Edward  Earl 
of  Manchester,  Speaker  of  the  Most  Honourable  House  of 
Peers: 
Bight  Honourable, 

Haying  understood  of  an  Ordinance  passed  your  most 
Hononrable  House,  for  the  pardoning  of  such  Delinquencies  as 
some  Mistakes  about  the  Kings's  oyerpowering  Parties  in  this 
oonntry  had  drawn  me  intoS  I  humbly  beseech  your  Lordship  to 
present  my  most  thankful  Acknowledgement  for  their  great  Fa- 
Tour  therein;  as  also  of  all  other  their  gracious  Bespects  which  I 
haye,  without  the  least  Merit  of  my  own,  extraordinarily  enjoyed 
these  Twenty-five  years:  and  may  the  great  God  of  Heaven, 
speedfly  and  plentifully,  return  them  all  into  their  noble  Bosoms. 

*  See  on  Williams'  active  support  of  the  Parliament  forces,  Pari.  Hist, 
zv.  2  seq.  171  seq.  Bat  see  Fuller,  Church  Hitt.  ed.  Brewer,  vi  323  seq. ; 
Hadcet,  iL  218  seq. 


90 

And  becanae  I  am  now  to  Im,  or  rather  to  die,  devested  of 
all  Power  or  Deference  which  might  vindicate  me  from  Oontempt 
amongst  a  third  Generation  of  Men  from  those  I  first  convened 
withall,  and  some  Pharaohi  peradventure  which  knew  not 
Jo$eph;  if  their  Lordships  shall  extend  their  Goodness  so  far,  as 
to  protect  me  in  a  just  and  fair  Way,  in  relation  to  any  Service  I 
have  heretofore  endeavoured  to  perform  to  that  meet  Honourable 
House,  it  would  make  me,  as  most  careful  not  to  profane  so 
sacred  a  Favour,  so  to  live  and  die  their  most  obliged  Servant 
and  Vassal.  Bight  Honourable  Lord,  I  humbly  take  my  Leave, 
and  am 

Your  Lordship^s 
Most  obliged  Servant, 
John  late  Archbishop  of  York. 


NOTBS  AND  CORRECTIONS. 


Page  27,  no.  ziv.    For  Hilton  read  Hi&ton. 

„         no.  xviiL  For  21  Feb.  read  14  Jan, 

„    29,  line  ^.Plauttu,    <^i«A  iL  8.  69  seq. 

„    29,   „  22.  meanes.  i.e.  meanneu, 

„  29,  n  ^  up-  ^y  Tutour.  Owen  Gwin  [Ilacket,  L  7].  my  Scholarshipe 
and  Fellotoshipe.  ^  Admissio  diacipuloram  Noyembrifl  6^. 
1599.  £igo  Joannes  Williams  Caemanronienfiia  admiwu 
0um  in  discipula  huiuis  ooUegg  pro  doctore  Gwin."  ^  Ad- 
missio Sociortl  Anno  Dom.  1603.  Aprilis  14:  Ego  Joannes 
Williams  Bangoriensis  admissus  fiii  in  peipetuO  sodiim 
huius  CoD^gg  pro  Pomina  fhndatrioe.** 

„   30,   „  2.  dijferedy  Le.  deferred^ 

„    30,    „  6.  Vii^.  Aen,  ii  774. 

„   30,.,,    ^  up,  materiam  latidis,    Lucan,  viii.  76. 

„  31,  „  8  up.  a  small  benefice.  Hacket,  i.  19 :  "immediately  with  the 
Office  of  his  Ministry  he  took  the  charge  of  a  Living,  the 
scantling  of  it  very  mean,  and  it  could  be  no  better  after 


91 

the  Letter  of  the  Looal  Statates  where  he  Liyed,  that  he 

might  keep  his  FeUowship  with  it     It  lay  beyond  St 

Edmunds  Bury  in  the  confines  of  Norfolk,  (perhaps 

Fakenham^  or  very  near  to  it)  it  was  the  flitting  Milk  of  a 

poor  Vicarage,  the  Parsonage  Tithes  being  scumm'd  from 

it  ....  It  seems  the  people  of  the  P&rish  were  good 

people,  or  he  thought  them  such  ;  for  in  his  highest  Honour 

I  heard  him  Treating  with  Sir  Lionel  Talemach  of  Fetken" 

ham,  that  Sir  Lionel  would  employ  from  him  an  100/.  to 

buy  Land  of  five  or  six  pounds  per  annum  Value,  for  the 

Belief  of  the  Poor  of  that  Village  to  the  worlds  End." 

Williams  does  not  appear  from  Blomefield  to  haye  held 

any  benefice  in  Norfolk. 

Page  33»  line  3.  Mr.  Price.  Jo.  Price  (Denb.)  scholar  for  Dr.  Gwin,  7  Not. 

1600  'non  juratus' ;  fellow  for  the  same  15  Mar.  160(. 

V  3d»  I,   A.  Mr.  John  Lloyd 8  son  for  one  Sir  Dofben^e.   David  Dolben 

(Denb.)  Dr.  Gwin's  scholar  7  Nov.  1603.    Jo.  Lloyd  (Denb.) 

and  Bob.  Gwin  (Bangor.)   Dr  Gwin's  scholars  6  Nov.  1608. 

„  33,  „    &  /  doe  hope  our  colledge  shall  meete  agayne  before  Christ- 

masse;  for  as  yeate  there  is  more  causeles  feare  then 

apparent  daunger  qf  any  if^ection.     On  the  10th  of 

October  1608  a  grace  passed  to  discontinue  sermons  at  St 

Mary's  and  exercises  in  the  schools  on  account  of  the  plague. 

M&  Baker  zlii  107. 

»,   31,  ,y    3  seq.  that  sentence  onee  obser^de  by  Seneca.  .  Beatius  est 

dare,  quam  acdpere.    Acts  xx.  35.    Not  in  Seneca. 
i»    34,  „    7.  my  coz.  Bobin.    See  above,  note  on  p.  33.  L  4. 
»    34^  „  16.  quiret.     Ut  si.    Bead  quiret,  et  si.     The  passage  is  not 
found  verbally  in  any  author,  but  similar  passages  from 
Plant  Most.  &c.  may  be  seen  in  Biddle  and  Whitens  Lat 
lexicon,  s.v.  Solus  ad  fin. 
n    34,    „  25.  Virg.  Aen.  ix.  426,  427. 

»  35,  „  6.  the  elder  Brother.  [March  30.  1620]  "I  hastened  to  the 
Schools,  where  was  kept  the  latter  act  o(  the  bachelors' 
commencement,  .  .  Mr.  Bichard  Salstonstall,  a  fellow-com- 
moner of  Jesus  College,  being  senior  brother." — Autobio- 
graphy of  Sir  S.  jyEwes,  i.  139,  140.  See  also,  as  to  the 
appointment  of  bachelors  or  senior  sophisters  to  moderate^ 
Autobiography  of  McUt.  Robinson,  23.  See  Stat.  Acad. 
(Qu.  Eliz.)  c.  22 :  "  Inter  sophistas  veterrimus  so  respon- 
sorem  exhibebit." 
„  35,  last  line,  tofeaste  the  Doctours.  On  the  29th  of  April  1647  a  grace 
was  passed  prohibiting  these  entertainments  {Stat.  Acad. 
p.  390). 


»2 

Page  36,  line  1.  the  Father  qf  the  Acte  .,ifit  should  prove  to  be  mysdf, 
Of  is  most  likelye.  Hacket  i.  23 :  *'  It  was  time  for  him  ..to 
look  to  his  own  Place  in  the  ensuing  Commencement,  which 
wajB  e^en  approaching.  The  Inceptor-Masters  by  Prescrip- 
tion have  the  Right  to  choose  oat  of  the  two  Proctors  whom 
they  please,  to  be  the  Father  of  the  Act,  as  we  CantcM- 
gians  call  it  It  is  a  strange  Enigma,  that  the  Sods 
should  b^get  their  Father.  It  lights  commonly,  as  if  it 
were  Postulatum  MathenuUicum^  upon  the  Senior.  Bat 
becanse  he  that  now  was  the  Elder,  if  ever  he  had  Polite 
Learning  fit  for  sueh  a  Performance,  had  out-grown  it, 
therefore  because  he  was  no  Elder  that  could  Rule  well,  the 
Inceptors  gave  the  Younger  the  double  Honour.  This  Com- 
mencement was  as  Gay  and  M\  of  Pomp,  by  the  great  Con- 
coune  of  Nobles  and  Gentlemen,  as  ever  I  saw. . .  .The  IVeleh 
Gentry  were  enough  to  fill  the  ficaffdds.... These  GallantB 
must  be  Feasted  by  the  Proctor,  and  there  was  no  Want^  I 
would  there  had  been  no  Superfluity.  These  Costly  and 
Luxurious  Meals  are  the  Lard  of  our  Commencements, 
thrust  in  among  the  better  Banquets  of  Scholastical  Exer- 
cises. The  Proctors  Table  was  more  Sumptuous  (I  under- 
stand my^  Comparison)  for  the  time,  then  useth  to  be  at  a 
Mayoralty  in  London.  I  do  not  reckon  it  among  his  dean 
and  unblemished  Praises.  .  .  The  Prevaricator  made  me 
smile,  when  he  gave  him  this  Character  to  his  Face,  Titus 
Largius primus  Dictator  Bomanorum,  To  express  my  self 
a  little  further :  These  Messes  of  good  Chear  ought  to  be 
frankly  «et  out  at  the  times  of  such  Genial  and  Gaudy 
Days.  It  were  a  wise  World,  if  they  could  be  kept  within 
Moderati(m.*' 

„  36,  Letter  Tm.  Also  in  Pennant's  Tour  in  IFales,  n.  Append.  No.  xL 
p.  472—4. 

„  36,  line  12  up.  PUnie,  Epist,  vi.  26  {  2 :  '^amo  quidem  ^fiise,  iudioq 
tamen,  et  quidem  tanto  acrius,  quanto  magis  amo." 

^,    36,   „    4  up.    charge,    chargeable.    Pennant. 

„    36,    n    Sup.   but.    none  but.    Pennant. 

f,  37,  »  I*  A  silver  piece  qf  Plate  of  what  price  you  please  above  5 
markes.  Fifth  Education  Report  (1818)  Appendix  B.  p. 
404 :  «  An.  1676,  Nov.  6.  A  Decree  by  John  Still,  Master, 
and  the  seniors,  that  all  graduates  hereafter  to  be  admitted 
into  Fellows  Commons  shall  pay  within  a  month  of  their 
admission  33  sK  Ad.  to  buy  plate  or  books." 

»Qy.  6y; 


93 

Pages?,  line  11.  Lord  Chaneelour.  Hacket  I  13:  ''he  came  to  live  in 
YorMunue  a  Chaplain  to  the  Lord-Chancellor  EgerUm,"* 
ibid,  19:  "he  wanted  not  Friends  in  the  Lord  Chan- 
oeIloar*^ertofi«  Family  to  acquaint  his  Lordship  with  it 
[his  fame],  who  instantly  preferr*d  him  before  all  Compe- 
titors, and  said  no  more,  but>  Send  for  him,  and  let  me 
have  him.  This  was  at  Midsummer  anno  1611.... Bat 
when  he  came  to  London  to  be  Approved  for  that  Service, 
after  great  and  humble  acknowledgment  of  his  Thankful- 
ness, he  prayed  the  Lord  Chancellour  he  might  continne 
a  year,  or  the  greatest  part  of  it  at  Cambridge  before  he 
came  to  wait  constantly  in  his  Lordshix>s  Honourable 
Family,  because  at  Miehaelnuus  following  he  was  to  enter 
upon  the  Proctor-ship  of  his  University/'  See  on  his  life 
in  the  lord  chancellor's  family,  ibid.  27  seq. 
„  37,  ,9  14 seq.  Compare  Hacket  L  19 :  ''He  was  call'd  to  do  that 
Duty  [to  preach]  before  K.  James  and  Prince  Henry  at 
EoystoHy  whereupon  the  King  spake  much  good  of  him, 
but  the  Prince  taking  great  notice  of  him  as  an  Honour 
to  Wales,  was  not  satisfied  to  give  him  encouragement  of 
praise,  but  gave  him  his  Princely  Word,  that  He  would 
Reward  him  after  the  weight  of  his  Worth.  But  the 
Father  bestowed  that  preferment  on  him,  which  the  Prince, 
tskffa  away  by  early  Death  for  our  Sins,  intended.  I 
heard  of  this  Sermon  Six  Weeks  after,  and  by  a  m6n7 
Token ;  for  having  occasion  to  come  to  that  hunting  Coort 
at  RoysUmy  I  received  Hospitality  at  a  Table  full  of  good 
Company,  where  I  was  askt  over  and  over,  especially  by 
the  old  BrittainSf  what  Place  and  Dignity  Mr  Williams 
had  in  Cambridge;  every  one  of  them  could  tell  me  he 
made  a  most  Excellent  Sermon  before  the  King,  but  for 
their  parts  th^  had  been  such  attentive  Hearers,  that 
among  them  all  I  could  not  Learn  the  Text"  Probably 
Hacket  and  Williams  are  speaking  of  the  same  sermon, 
which  is  not  mentioned  in  Nichols'  Progresses. 
„  37,  „  18.  Court  hcHie  ttater.  **  L'eau  bdnite  de  la  cour,"  "  promissa 
rd  expertia,  fumus  anlicus."  King  Z^r  iii.  2 :  "O  nuncle, 
court  holy  water  in  a  dry  house  is  better  than  this  rain 
water  out  o'  door."  (Narcs). 
„  37,  „  4  up.  ExecutorsMppe.  Add  firom  Pennant  "Thus ceasing 
to  trouble  you  further  at  this  time,  as  not  knowing  how 
long  this  letter  may  be  in  coming,  I  recommend  my  service 
to  your  wor.  and  it  to  God's  protection." 
38,   „     ll\x^,theJuniourProctour.    Williams  himself    contrarye 

8 


94 

to  the  Statute:  Statute  13  of  the  Elizabethan  code  forbids 
electors  to  vote  at  the  bidding  of  any  person  whatsoever; 
and  the  fellows'  oath  (stat.  14)  forbids  the  procuring  or 
allowing  any  dispensation  of  any  kind. 
Page  38,  line  4  up.  Th,  Edtoards.  T.  E.  Duneltnensis  foundation  scholar 
6  Nov.  1612. 

„    39,   „    *I  as  this  years.    Dr  Qooche. 

„  39,  „  7  up.  Dr  CoweL  John  Cowell,  LL.D.  master  of  Trin.  Hall, 
ob.  11  Oct.  1611,  succeeded  by  Clem.  Corfoett 

„  39,  „  6  up.  Dr  Clayton.  Died  May  2,  1612.  Hacket  i.  22:  ''His 
Breath  no  sooner  expired,  but  the  Fellows,  who  have  all 
Right  of  Election,  first  began  to  Confer,  and  then  to 
Canvas  for  a  Successor.  It  was  soon  discovered  that  the 
swaying  Men,  and  that  were  fit  for  the  bandy  of  such  a 
Business,  meant  to  set  up  Mr.  Oteen  Chain  one  of  the 
Senior  Fellows.  Others  look'd  out  for  <me  that  was  Sim- 
pliciter  optimus,  and  they  hit  him.  It  was  the  Darling  of 
Divines,  Dr.  Mortony  then  Dean  of  Winton,  now  Lord 
Bishop  of  Durham,  the  Polycarpus  of  our  Smyrna  the 
Church  of  England,  whose  Piety  and  Humility  are  Incom- 
parable, his  Learning  most  Admirable,  and  his  long  Age 

most  Venerable 

**  But  this  Patriarch,  as  I  may  call  him,  was  not  like  to 
carry  the  day  by  the  Consent  of  the  most  Too  few  stood 
up  for  him,  too  few  by  one  especially,  and  that  one  was 
Proctor  IVilliams,  0  how  could  one  of  his  deep  Beach, 
and  passing  great  Love  to  his  Society  prefer  an  obscure  one, 
scarce  to  be  named  before  the  Man  that  had  all  good  Men's 
Af^lause,  Dr.  Morton^  If  there  be  any  thing  to  be  said 
to  make  it  look  fair  on  his  part  on  one  side,  it  is  this,  Mr. 

Gwin  had  been  his  Tutor. The  relation  of  Pupilship 

prick'd  on  Mr.  Williams  to  do  any  thing  that  was  in  his 
power  for  him,  that  had  so  much  Interest  in  his  Breeding. 
But  while  he  was  struggling  and  wooing  his  Friends  to 
advance  that  Choice,  he  solicited  Mr.  Senhouse,  a  very  rare 
Preacher,  as  Flowry  as  the  Spring-Garden,  afterward 
Bishop  of  Carlilsy  who  bespake  him  fairly  agaia  Sir,  if 
you  desire  my  Voice  to  confer  the  Mastership  upon  your 
self,  I  will  not  deny  you,  I  knew  you,  thmigh  a  young 
Man,  right  worthy  of  it;  but  your  Tutor  shall  never 
have  my  Suffrage,  while  I  can  say  No,  After  he  had 
prevailed  to  set  Mr.  Grwin  over  that  great  Society,  his 
Fortunes  carried  him  away,  but  he  heard  so  much,  that  he 
quickly  dislik'd  his  own  Work." 


95 

PUge  40y  line  3.  Dr  Carye.  YaleDtfne  Carey,  afterwards  bishop  of  Exeter. 
See  Baker's  Hist  i^  St  John%  261  seq.  On  his  will  see 
Notes  and  Queries,  3  Ser.  vi  173  seq.  He  suspected  Jos. 
Mede  of  Puritanism  (Mode's  Hfe,  p.  Ixy.). 

"  40,  lino  6.     We^ke.    ReadfraJto? 

„    ibicL      t?ie  death  qf  L,  Treasurer  and  Chauncelour,    Hacket,  L 
21 :  ''The  Earl  of  Salisbury^  that  famous  Lord-Treasurer, 
had  Ooyern'd  our  Uniyersity  as  Chancellor  from  the  year 
1600,  with  good  liking  to  all.. .He  left  this  World  May  24. 
1612.    In  tiie  Election  of  a  Successor  the  Regent-House, 
in  whom  the  Choice  was,  were  improyidenUy  diyided. 
The  greater  Number  gave  their  Voices  for  Henry  Earl  of 
Northampton,  Lord  Priyy-Seal,  sometimes  a  Gremial  of 
our  Body... He  was  yery  Rich,  and  a  Batchelor ;  a  Founder 
already  of  a  charitable  and  handsom  Pile  of  Building  at 
Chreenwich,    Therefore  such  as  deyised  all  good  ways  to 
attract  the  Beneyolence  of  Liberal  and  Wealthy  Men 
unto  us,  hoped  he  would  be  yery  beneficial  to  Cambridge 
his  Mother."— His  opponents  calling  him  a  Church- Papist^ 
set  up  prince  Charles,  then  in  his  12th  year,  as  a  riyal 
candidatei— ''  The  Lord  Priyy-Seal  had  far  more  Votes  in 
the  Scrutiny  for  his  Election,  and  so  it  was  in  all  Post- 
haste signified  unto  him.    But  he  took  on  with  all  Impa- 
tience to  be  so  Abus'd,  to  be  made  Competitor  with  the 
King's  Son,  and  to  preyail  in  the  Election."— The  king 
was  irritated.— <' The  Lord  Priyy-fieal,  the  Elect  Chan- 
cellor, shrunk  up  his  Shoulders,  and  made  an  Answer  of 
fine  Words,  and  well  set  together,  'That  he  was  not  worthy 
to  haye  the  Primacy  or  Pilotship  oyer  the  Argonauts  of 
such  an  Argosie' :    But  in  Rude  English  it  was  no  better, 
then  that  He  scom'd  their  Proffer r    Williams  was  sent 
to  beg  the  king  to  name  a  Chancellor.    The  king  ordered 
a  new  election,  declaring  that  he  "  would  constrain  him 
to  hold  U,  whosoei>er  it  were  that  the  congregation  agreed 
upon,"    Williams  unfolded  the  riddle:  **n<me  hath  de- 
clared ajlat  Refusal  qfthis  vacant  Place  btU  the  Earl  of 
Northampton,  ther^ore  none  else  can  be  meant'*    The 
eari  was  accordingly  elected,  and  the  king  confessed  that 
the  uniyersity  had  hit  upon  liie  interpretation  of  his  secret 
meaning. 

„  41,  Ime  15.  in  the  comendacion  qf  Traiane.    Plin.  paneg.  16  §  1. 

„  41,  „  18.  Northamptonshire^  where  Williams  held  the  two  liyings 
of  Walgraye  and  Grafton  Underwood  (Racket,  i.  29.  He 
compounded  for  the  first-fruits  of  Grafton  30  May,  1611, 

8—2 


46, 

n 

6. 

46, 

n 

9. 

«, 

» 

15. 

46, 

>» 

6 

96 

and  hiB  saoceasor  17  Nov.  1621.    Bridges'  NorihanU.  iL 
234 ;  he  compounded  for  Walgrave  26  Oct  1614,  and  bis 
saoceasor  6  May,  1642,  Und,  129). 
Page  41,  line  6  up.    Cf.  Anson,  tetratt  5.  4. 
„  43,    „  14  the  present  Ld,  Chancdr.  Bacon. 
„  4fi,    „    1.    Ponton.    Read  iVan^on. 

„,  46.    Letter  xz.    Register  qf  letters  in  St  John's  treasory,  p.  215. 
„  46y  line  5.    Bead  being  made. 

Read  Honokatissim s. 
Read  dabis. 

segetem.    Read  messem, 
up.    legum  et  Justitiof/ato.    Read/.  ^  et  J. 

46,  last  line,  modeste.    Read  modestos, 

47.  Letter  zn.    Register,  p.  216. 
47,  line  17,  remove  the  )  to  the  end  of  the  line,  after  dignissimis. 

47,  „  23.    siet  Miraeulum,    Read  M,  s. 

48.  Letter  xm.    Register,  p.  229. 
48,  line  7.    Doftnludt,     Henry   Donhault,    foundation  fellow   (co. 

Northants)  12  Apr.  1614 ;  lector  Qr»cus  in  aula  10  JuL 
1629 ;  lector  principalis  9  Jul.  1630 ;  godfather  to  Richard 
Cromwell,  and  archdeacon  of  Hunts  (Hardy's  Le  Neve,  IL 
53,  Mr  Cooper's  note  in  Carlyle's  CromtoeU,  ed.  3.  iv. 
Append.  1).  See  also  Baker's  Hist  qfSt  J<^n%  199  seq. 
48,  „  11.  per  Triennium,  The  statutes  of  Qu.  Elizabeth  here 
retained  the  old  rule  (c.  27) :  *'  Sodis  tamen  qui  saoerdotea 
sunt  ad  obsequium  regis  aut  episcopi  avocatis  et  aooerntis 
per  sex  menses  in  eorum  huiusmodi  obsequio  abesse  po- 
testatem  et  licentiam  per  magistrum  et  maiorem  partem 
seniorum,  sed  semel  duntaxat  in  vita  uni  et  eidem  conoedi 
volumus." 

the.    Read  f/",  le.  your. 

Read  tyme  of  his  absence. 

Dele  mighty. 

Road  Assuredly. 

Read  this  22  of  Dec. 
up.    Read  have  graunted. 
„      ibid.     Read  this  his  service, 

48,  „  3  up.  his  commons.  Stat.  Eliz.  c.  29:  ''Singuh's  item  sod- 
orum  qualibet  septimana  duodecim  denarii  [pro  conmieata 
allocentur]." 
48,  „  2  up.  frages.  By  stat  coll.  Jo.  (Eliz.)  c.  33  four  marks  yearly. 
Livery.  Thirteen  and  fourpenee  was  paid  to  each  fellow 
at  Lady-day  *pro  liberatura.'  {Odd,  c.  34).  Com  money. 
By  stat.  of  the  realm  18  KHz.  c.  6  a  third  of  all  college 


48, 

„  13. 

48, 

„16. 

48, 

„20. 

48, 

„  22. 

48, 

„24. 

48, 

„    4 

97 

rents  was  to  be  paid  in  wheat  or  malt  '^to  be  expended  to 
the  use  of  the  relief  of  the  commons  and  diet  of  the  said 
colleges." 
Page  48,  line  nit  Aw  part  qf  the  weekly  Dimdent.  Fifth  Education  Rep. 
Append,  B.  (1818),  p.  406:  "An.  1601.  Feb.  24.  It  was 
decreed  by  Rich.  Clayton,  Master,  and  the  seniors,  that 
from  thenceforth  the  gain  of  the  bakehouse  and  brewhouse, 
together  with  the  fellows  part  of  com  money  (detriments 
being  discharged)  should  be  divided  weekly,  ...  among 
those  fellows  only  that  do  remain  at  home^  and  are  conti- 
nning,  when  the  weekly  division  is  made,  or  have  continn'd 
the  greater  part  of  the  week,  the  Master  always  having  a 
doable  share,  whether  at  home  or  abroad." 

„  49,  „  6.  Rob,  Lane.  Of  Norfolk,  foundation  schohur  7  Nov.  1693, 
foundation  fellow  7  Apr.  1698 ;  concionator  in  festo  S** 
Mard  1609.  In  the  college  Register  cf  letters,  p.  263  is 
one  from  Henry  earl  of  Southampton,  requesting  leave  for 
Lane  to  attend  him  as  chaplain.  The  college  granted  3 
years'  absence  with  the  allowance  of  his  fellowship.  MS. 
Baker,  xiL  217  =  203:  ^'Dr  Lane  of  8t_Joh.  ColL  was 
buried  in  y*  ChappelL  Jun.  11.  1634.  Regr.  Omn.  Sanct 
His  wiU  is  dated  Jun.  8, 1634.  R^.  Testam.'*  A  Letter 
from  Charles  I.  to  elect  Hen.  Masterson  (ColL  Chr.)  in  his 
place.  Register  qf  letters,  330,  7  Jul.  10  regni.  See  too 
Baker's  Hist  qfSt  John's,  209,  210,  213—216. 

„    49,  Letter  xiv.  Register,  p.  230. 

n    49,  Knell.  Keeper  etc,    ^R/&sA  Keeper  qfjf  great  Seaieqf  England, 

n    49,    „    18  and  21.    B^&sAHisUm, 

„    49,    „    21.    hath,    ReadAaf^. 

„    60,    Letter  XV.   iZ6^^,  p.  236.  With  this  correspondence  relating  to 
the  library  compare  Baker's  History  qfSt  JohnU,  208  seq. 

r%  60,  line  19.  After  viseretur  add :  in  illo  religiosa  henignitM  vim 
suam  ostendit, 

n   60,    f,    20.    ^R^&sA  ut  comsdenticB, 

n,   61,   „      6.    Read  Dot.  Cantdbrig. 

J,   61,   Letter  xvi.  Register,  p.  236. 

„    61,   ^    11.    BiOsA  Reverendissime, 

„   61,   „    12.    Read  cetemitatem. 

f,   61,   „    10  up.    nee  injuria.    Enclose  these  words  in  bracketa 

„    62,   „      1.    BobA  kUumias. 

M  62.  Letter  xvn.  Register,  p.  247,  where  Honoratissime  and  other 
words  are  written  at  fiill  length ;  so  in  letter  xvm. 

„   52,   „    12  up.    "Riead  donasti  civitate. 

„   62,   „      2  up.    Kesd/undamina,  aspeadmus  latitantem. 


98 

Page  6%  line  13.    Read/dmY  Omnipotens. 

„    63,    Letter  xTin.    jRc^^irfer,  p.  243. 

„    53,  line    6  up.    Read  nnet 

^y    54»   „      I.    temperattu  is  not  underlined  in  the  register. 

„    64,   „    10.    Eead  Prtsstdum. 

„    64,   „    16.    Readl9C7a/. 

,,  66,  „  14.  Tho,  FothergiUy  oo.  WestmorL,  Lupton  scholar  Nov.  9 
1614,  foundation  fellow  27  March  1618,  senior  fellow  29 
April  1641 ;  jun.  dean  22  Jan.  163j^  and  16  Dec.  1636;  aen. 
bursar  19  Dec.  1638  and  20  Dec.  1639 ;  sen.  dean  9  Jan.  164^ 
and  27  Jan.  164};  president  16  Jan.  164f,  and  then  con- 
tinuously with  one  significant  ondssion  (Dec.  24,  1649),  to 
13  Feb.  167f.  On  31  March  1677  David  Morton  was  ad- 
mitted president  in  his  place,  he  having  died  (according  to 
a  memorandum  in  the  college  register)  on  the  27th  of 
March.  See  Barwick's  Life,  9,  287,  288.  He  with  others 
of  the  name  founded  a  school  at  Ravenstonedale,  circa  ilj>, 
1688  (Carlisle,  ii.  731  seq.).  He  was  admitted  to  the  prebend 
of  Botevant  (York)  29  Oct,  1660  (Hardy's  Le  Neve  iii  177), 
which  he  held  till  his  death.  He  was  admitted  rector  of 
Thorington  17  Oct  1643  (Newcourt  ii.  693,  where  The. 
Tirwhitt  is  erroneously  said  to  have  succeeded  'per  mor^ 
tern  uli  Rect.'  23  Not.  1661).  On  the  fiunily  see  Notee 
om^^.  2aT.  321;  vt216. 

„  56,  „  17.  Bodurdck  William  B,  admitted  foundation  fellow  22 
Mar.,  161 J  (co.  Oaemarr.);  his  brother  Henry  was  Gwin 
scholar  20  Nov.  1619,  Gwin  f<^ow  25  Mar.  1629.  Their 
uncle  Owen  Gwin,  master,  by  his  will  proved  8  June  1633 
left  them  all  his  books,  and  to  William  one  of  his  3  silver 
candlesticks  (MS.  Baker  xxvi.  174, 175).  William  was  ad- 
mitted senior  Mow  21  Feb.  163f ;  senior  bursar  1  Feb. 
163j^,  and  22  Jan.  163{.  He  refused  the  covenant^  and 
was  accordingly  ejected  by  an  order  of  the  earl  of  Man- 
chester, dated  11  June,  1644. 

n  65f  „  17.  Spell.  Thomas  Spell  admitted  fellow,  22  Mar.  160f;  pre- 
sident in  the  elections,  22  Jan.  163i-^20  Dee.  1639  in- 
clusive. On  the  16  Dec.  1640  Jo.  Pryse  was  admitted 
president  By  will  dat  6  Sept  prob.  22  Dec.  1640  he  left 
£60  to  the  college  for  books  (MS.  Baker  xxvi.  195),  having 
been  a  diligent  promoter  of  the  erection  of  the  library,  as 
appears  firom  the  following  inscription  in  a  copy  of  Pita 
(St  John*s  Library,  o.  9. 27)  and  in  other  books. 


99 

^'Dedit  ReTorenduB  Vir 
THOMAS     SPELL 

baiuB  Goll^  Pneses  dignissimas, 

&  (pace  Honoratissiini  Fundato- 

ris)  compater  hajna  Biblioihecn, 

qnam  praefectiu  opens  corayii  ex- 

straendam,  nee  minilB  honestayit 

cxstnictam ;  duplici  liberalitate  in- 

ngnifl^  pius  erogator  suse  &  proYi- 

duB  dispensator  alien®  :  Iterayit 

munificentiam,  &  Mnseum  qaod 

rec^ns  natom  beneYolentke  primi- 

tiis  tanquam  co^jagali  arrhk  siM 

desponsavit,  morions  quasi  eoi^ 

summaret  nuptias,  dotavit  minis 

quinquaginta." 
Page  65,  line  18.  Joh.  Symons,  Foundation  fellow  (eo.  Suff.)  26  Mar.  1613. 
One  Symonds'  will  in  MS.  Baker,  xvi  226.  One  of  both 
names,  parson  of  Gislingham,  was  executor  to  Robert 
Metcalfe  (above,  p.  66). 
„  55  „  23.  Henry  Eyre.  Gregson  fellow  (ca  York)  7  Apr,  1647 ; 
jun.  bursar  at  the  elections  5  Jan.  164f  to  15  Jan.  165f 
inclusive ;  bread  and  beer  bursar  Jan.  15^  165^ ;  sen.  bursar 
at  the  elections  4  Feb.  165f  to  2  Feb«  165f :  taxor  1649 ; 
senior  fellow  30  Nov.  1664  [in  locum  magistri  Creswick]. 
During  his  life  he  was  to  have  the  nomination  to  Dr  Robert 
Allott's  exhibition,  and  did  nominate  one  Hobson,  Mar. 
19, 167f  {Append.  B.  to  Fifth  Educ  Bep,  [1818],  p.  471). 
He  was  oldest  son  of  Nathaniel  £.  of  Bramley,  where  be 
was  bom,  was  educated  for  two  years  privately  at  Laugh- 
ton  by  Seton,  entered  as  pensioner  12  May  1638,  ffit.  17. 
under  the  tuition  of  Richard  Wrench.  BAl.  164^ ;  M.A. 
1645;  M.D.  1658.  In  Dugdale's  Visitation  qf  Yorkihire, 
ed.  Davies  (Surt  Soc.)  13,  lus  age  in  1665  is  erroneously 
given  as  40.  Another  of  both  his  names,  4*^  son  of  Giles 
E.  of  Brickworth,  was  a  bencher  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  recorder 
and  M.P.  for  New  Sarum,  bom  1625,  died  1678  (Burke's 
Landed  Gentry). 
„  55,  note  1,  line  1.  "  Nov.  15, 1624.  Ego  Richardus  Bulkeley  Monen- 
sis  admissus  sum  discipulus  pro  Johanne  episcopo  Lin- 
oolniensi  Gustode  magni  Sigilli.'' 
„  56yl]nel2.  Floud,  i.e.  £dw.  Lloyd  (p.  64).  Admissiones  dis- 
dpuloram,  a.i>.  1615:  ''IJgo  Edvardus  Flood  Denbiensis 


^^OSi^^ 


100 

{corrected  by  another  hand  Assaph)  admissus  diBcipulus 
pro  D^Jjwyne." 
Page  58^  line  14,  read  Dno. 
„    ib.    Letter  xzi.    Also  in  Pennant's  Tour  in  Wales^  iL  Append,  xii. 

475,  476. 
„    ib.    line  ult.  of  tQxt,  no  one  other.    Pennant. 
„    59,    „      4,  Maister,    James  I. 
„    59,    „      9,  one  Man,    Buckingham. 
„    59,   „    WyBy  loosinge  the  Seale.    Pennant. 
„    59,   „    14,  f(76  for  /  at  beginning  and  end  of  line.    Pennant 
„    59,   „    15,  doe  embrace.    Pennant. 
„    59,    „    16,  towards  me.    Pennant. 

„    60,    Letter  xxn.    Page  61,  Letter  xxiii.    Register,  pp.  267,  268. 
Baker  has  not  followed  the  spelling  very  closely.    The  earl 
of  Southampton's   friendship  for  Williams.    (Hacket^  L 
68  seq.    Cabala,  i.  57—59,  96)  no  doubt  led  to  this  valu- 
able legacy:    ^*figo  Henricus  comes   Southamptoniensis 
admissus  eram  in  alumnum  huius  Oollegy  din  Johannis 
ErangelistsB  decimo  sexto  die  Octobrisajino  Domini  1585." 
— St  John's  register. 
Bead  at  his  late  being... therein  also  imitate, 
Re&d  father  without  brackets. 
Bead  devoted  servants. 
Bead  qf  an  ffon*^. 
Bead  you  have  reared. 
Bead  interprett  the  smaU. 
ap.    Bead  Qlassey  that  presents. 

For  shaU  corns  read  stiU  enmue;  I  e.  enmew,  a  word  used 
transitively  by  Shakespeare. 
62,  Letter  xxiv.    Register,  p.  269. 

62,  line  10  up.    Bead  S*'  Johannis  nomine. 

63,  „      7.    Bead  currus  es  et. 

63,  „    12  up.     William  Mostyn.    See  above,  pp.  33,  34. 

64,  Letter  xxvi.  In  the  Register,  p.  290,  is  a  royal  letter  (Whitehall, 
20  Mar.  162f)  recommending  for  the  fellowship  vacant  by 
the  promotion  and  marriage  of  Edw.  Lloyd,  M.A.,  Bich. 
Bulckeley,  B.A.  "bredd  vp  hertofore  at  our  Charges  as 
one  of  our  Schollers  in  o'  schoole  at  Westminster,  & 
now  a  Scholler  of  y'  Howse  of  y«  fowndation  of  y*  Byshopp 
of  Lyncolne,  of  whose  excellent  ptes  and  hopes  in  all  manner 
of  learning  fitting  a  scholler  of  his  tyme  and  age,  we  have 
receyved  deare  testimonyes  ajs  also  of  his  lyfe  &  Conv'sa- 
tion  from  some  members  of  y  owne  Howse,  and  from 
other  Oolledges  in  that  Vnivsity.    We  doe  requyre  yow 


60, 

n 

21. 

60, 

n 

22. 

61, 

n 

9. 

61, 

s* 

10. 

61, 

)i 

15. 

61, 

n 

22. 

61, 

n 

3 

62, 

w 

1. 

101 

That  vnlesse  yow  can  except  agaynst  this  his  TeBUmony  ia 
poynt  of  Doctrine  and  Mannen,  yow  y«  M'.  doe  propound 
&  yow  the  M  and  Seniors  doe  elect  this  so  hopefull  a 
yoting  man  into  the  place  and  fellowshipp  of  the  sayd  Ed- 
ward Lloyd.  And  if  any  exception  shalbe  made  agaynst 
him  being  neyther  of  such  schooles  no'  of  such  Fownda- 
cons  as  ar  limited  by  the  Composition  between  y*  Ezors 
of  D  Wynne  and  that  Society;  bycause  we  are  credibly 
enformed  that  neyther  Lloyd  the  imediate  nor  W}nn 
the  predecessor  before  him  wer  so  qualified:  We  doe  by 
O'  Royall  Prserogatyve  dispenoe  w*"*  Bulckly  in  those  &  the 
lyke  inferior  Circumstances.  And  Requiring  theese  our 
Letters  to  be  read  by  yow  the  M'.  ynto  eight  Seniors  then 
p'sent  in  the  Colledg  w^hin  one  howre  next  after  y*  receipt 
of  y*  same,  that  ther  may  be  no  default  in  satisfying  our 
desyre  in  so  just  a  motion,  we  bydd  you  farewell." 
Page  77,  Letter  xxxyh.  Colleges  might  suffer  for  their  refusal  to  renew 
leases.  See  Joseph  Mead  to  Shr  Martin  Stuteville,  Christ's 
colL  16  Nov.  1622  (Birch*.s  Court  and  Times  qf  James  I. 
ii  a49):  ''We  talk  here,  that  the  bishop  of  Bristol  being 
dead,  my  lady  Leyen's  friends  at  court  have  moyed  the 
king  to  confer  it  upon  the  provost  of  King's  college^  in 
recompense  of  his  so  much  spoken  of  slighting  and  neglect 
of  their  letters  and  personal  mediation  in  her  behalf,  for 
renewing  the  lease  she  begs  of  that  college."  It  may 
seem  a  strange  sort  of  revenge ;  but  a  former  letter  (p.  348) 
makes  the  matter  clear:  "  Dr.  Searchfield,  bishop  of  Bristol, 
is  lately  dead ;  but  that  place  is  so  poor,  that  we  have  not 
yet  heard  of  any  suitors  or  pretendents  for  ii" 


Miscellaneous  notices  of  Williams  (1620—1637). 

John  Ghamberlain  to  Sir  Dudley  Garleton,  Feb.  10.  162^ 
(Birch'^8  Court  and  times  of  James  L  ii.  220  sq.):  *'  Westminster 
chnrch,  or  St  Margaret^s,  were  propounded  [for  the  parliament  to 
receive  the  sacrament  there],  and  Dr  Usher,  an  Irishman,  to 
make  the  sermon;  but  the  dean  sent  them  a  mannerly  message 
by  three  or  four  of  the  gravest  prebends,  that  they  should  be  wel- 
come to  either  of  those  places;  but,  seeing  they  were  both  under 
his  care,  he  would  take  care  to  provide  them  an  able  preacher.^^ 


102 

Job.  Mead  to  the  same,  Feb.  17.  162^  (ibid.  227):  ''Both 
his  [Ussher^s]  preaching  and  the  communion  were  put  off,  by 
order  of  the  king,  till  the  Sunday  after  (to-morrow)  and  the  place 
to  be  Westminster.  In  the  meantime  it  was  on  foot  for  the  dean 
of  Westminster,  Dr  Williams,  to  preach,  and  not  Usher;  but 
with  some  ado,  they  say.  Usher  still  continues,  and  is  expected 
to-morrow,  though  the  dean  was  so  discontent,  that  he  denied,  as 
some  say,  to  permit  the  communion  in  Westminster:  but  I  sup- 
pose he  will  be  otherwise  advised.  Methinks,  if  Usher  preaches, 
when  I  consider  all  circumstances,  it  should  produce  some 
novelty." 

Dr  Meddus  to  Jos.  Mead,  June  22.  1621  {ilnd.  260):  "  Mr 
dean  of  Westminster  was  on  Sunday  sworn  of  the  council.  It  is 
said  he  is  like  to  be  lord  keeper,  and  hath  appointed  all  his  officers, 
though  some  opposition  is  like  to  be.^ 

Jos.  Mead  to  Stuteville,  June  23.  1621  (ibid.  262):  "That 
Dr  Williams  was  sworn  of  the  privy  council;  and  that  he  waited 
on  Sunday,  from  seven  in  the  morning  till  ten  at  night,  for  the 
sealing  of  his  patent  for  lord  chancellor;  and  that  the  wax  was 
choosed  for  it:  yet  some  lords  of  the  council  had  gotten  the 
prince  to  move  his  father  to  defer  it  for  a  while,  which  he  obtain- 
ed; howsoever,  the  kii^  and  the  marquis  were  downright  for  hiuL 
Some  think  this  deferring  to  be  an  ill  sign,  as  is  wont  in  court 
suits:  but  others  think  it  is  only  till  he  be  elected  bishop  of  Ian- 
coin,  for  the  more  honour.     Time  will  show,^^ 

Same  to  same,  June  30.  1621  {ibid.  263) :  ''I  am  told  that  Dr 
Balcanqual  should  not  (Qu.  dde  not!)  write  that  Dr  WSliams 
had  the  seal  for  lord  keeper  thrice  given  him,  and  taken  from  him, 
in  one  day.  They  say,  the  king  should  say,  Charles  was  against 
it  {  and  how  could  he  make  him  recompense,  unless  he  gave  it 
him  I  To  which,  some  report^  the  doctor  answered,  he  should  be 
content  with  the  bishopric  of  London  [J  Lincoln]  if  he  might  hold 
his  deanery  still  in  cammemdaoH.    He  hath  sat,  andspoken  ia  the 


108 

Star  Ghamber.  One  tells  me  that  he  entertained,  a  good  while 
since,  fifty  household  servants.  We  talk  (but  I  know  not)  that 
Mr  Lane  of  St  John^s  is  become  his  chaplain/^ 

Same  to  same,  Gambr.  Jul.  1 621  {ibid.  264  seq.) :  *'  It  is  tlie 
general  report  now,  that  the  purse  and  great  mace  were,  on 
Tuesday  in  the  afternoon,  sent  by  his  Majesty  to  dean  Williams, 
as  he  was  sitting  in  chapter  with  his  prebends  about  church 
a&irs.  The  bell  is  now  ringing  to  a  congregation;  and  they  say 
it  is  to  send  letters  gratulatory  from  the  uniyexsity,  according  to 
our  bshion. 

I  was  told  yest^day,  that  he  had  upon  his  knees  petitioned 
the  king,  that  no  officers  might  be  put  upon  him,  but  that  himself 
might  choose  them  at  his  free  liberty;  that  so,  if  any  thing  were 
amiss,  he  might  not  answer  for  the  faults  of  those  he  could  not  do 
withal ;  which  being  granted  him  by  his  majesty,  it  is  said,  the 
prince  (as  it  seems  not  knowing  thereof)  presently  sent  his  letters 
for  one  of  his  servants,  or  some  that  he  was  moved  to  favour;  to 
whom  the  lord  keeper  answered,  that  he  desired  his  highness 
would  pardon  him,  since  he  had  upon  his  knees  obtained  the 
favour  aforesaid  of  his  highnesses  father. 

How  true  tins  is  I  know  not,  but  I  heard,  above  ten  days 
ago,  that  he  had  petitioned  his  majesty  for  the  entertaining  of 
many  of  the  Lord  EgertonX  his  old  lord^s  officers,  that  by  their 
experience  he  might,  at  the  first  beginning,  be  directed ;  which, 
Ub  majesty  should  say  was  a  very  reasonable  suit.  Whether  the 
former  report  be  not  some  mistake  of  this  I  know  not. 

It  is  said,  either  to-morrow  or  Sunday,  he  is  to  be  consecrated 
bishop  of  Lincoln.^ 

Same  to  same  Jul.  7.  1621  {iUd.  266):  ''Whether  Dr 
Williams  shall  marry  the  other  [kinswoman  of  Buckingham's]  or 
noi,  as  was  said  when  he  was  near  the  broad  seal,  I  know  not.^^ 

John  Chamberlain  to  Sir  Dudley  Carleton  18  Aug.  1621 
(ibid.  273) :  ''  The  lord  keeper  hath  gotten  the  deanery  of  West^ 


104 

minster  in  coimnendam^  during  the  time  he  shall  continue  bishop 
of  Lincoln,  besides  his  parsonage  of  Walgrave  in  Northampton- 
shire, and  a  good  prebend^  of  that  church,  attached  to  the  bishopric 
of  Lincoln  for  ever.'*'* 

Mead  to  Stuteville  15  Sept.  \Q2l{ibid.  275  seq.):  "others  [say], 
that  Winchester  shall  be  Canterbury,  and  my  lord  keeper  bishop 
of  Winchester...!  shall  not  need  to  tell  you,  that  my  lord  keeper^s 
refusing  to  be  consecrated  by  the  archbishop,  as  having  his  hands 
in  blood,  was  one  means,  if  not  the  chief,  of  his  affliction.*^ 

Chamberlain  to  Carlton  23  Oct.  1624  {ihid.  483) :  ''  The  lord 
treasurer  comes  little  at  Westminster  hall  this  term,  being  troubled 
with  the  fluent  disease  of  the  time ;  which  is  a  great  hindrance  of 


Sir  Edw.  Conway  to  Carleton  31  Mar.1625  (Birch's  Court  and 
times  of  Charles  L  i.  2)  :  "  when  the  lord  keeper  asked  him  [the 
king]  whether  he  would  have  the  absolution,  he  answered—*  As 
it  is  practised  in  the  English  church,  I  ever  approved  it ;  but,  in 
the  dark  way  of  the  church  of  Rome,  I  do  deiy  it.'*' 

Chamberlain  to  Carleton  14  May,  1625  {ibid.  22) :  **  The  lord 
keeper  took  up  two  hours  in  the  sermon  [the  funeral  sermon  on 
James  I.],  which,  they  say,  we  shall  shortly  have  in  print'' 

From  a  clergyman  in  London,  26  Jan.  162^  (Udd.  74):  **  late 
lord  keeper  prohibited  from  coming  to  parliament." 

To  Jos  Mead,  Lond.  19  Jan.  162f  {iiid.  186) :  ''  my  lord  of 
Lincoln  [is  like  to  be]  bishop  of  Durham.'^ 

To  the  same,  Lond.  9  Mar.  162f  {ibid.  203) :  ''  The  bishop  of 
Lincoln... is  forbidden  to  preach  his  turn  at  Whitehall,  and  is 
therefore  gone  back  into  Lincolnshire." 

^  Williams  was  installed  in  the  prebend  of  Laffiird  alias  Sleford  10  Oct 
1613,  but  qaitted  it  almost  immediately  for  As^rby,  where  he  was  in- 
stalled 29  Dec.  1613,  and  which  he  held  in  commendam  with  his  bishc^ric 
His  successor  was  installed  26  Dec  1641.  He  was  installed  precentor  by 
proxy  29  Dec  1613  (Hardy*s  Le  Neve,  ii  86, 103,  162). 


105 

BeaoUeu  to  Sir  ThoB.  Puckering,  Lond.  25  Jul.  1627  {ibid. 
264) :  ^  Yoa  have  heard  also,  how  the  bishop  of  Lincoln,  being 
come  hither  upon  some  pretended  occasion  concerning  his  deanery 
of  Westminster,  was  commanded  and  forced  upon  a  sudden  to 
depart." 

To  Jos.  Mead,  Lond.  21  Mar.  162|  (ibid.  330):  '«The  lord 
archbishop  of  Canterbury  and  the  bishop  of  Lincohi  are  also  said, 
notwithstanding  their  letters  of  ease,  to  be  sent  for.^' 

To  the  same,  Lond.  28  Mar.  1628  (ibid.  334) :  ''  The  lord 
archbishop  returned  from  his  confinement  on  Tuesday  last  to 
Lambeth,  and  goes  to  parliament,  as  also  the  bishop  of  Lincoln.'*^ 

Jos.  Mead  to  Stntevifle,  19  Apr.  1628  {Oid.  343) :  «  On  Fri- 
day, April  10,  in  the  morning,  those  four  speeches  of  Sir  Edwtod 
Coke  etc.  were  reported  by  four  lords  to  the  residue  of  their  lordships 
in  the  upper  house.  My  lord  bishop  of  Lincoln,  being  one  of  the 
four,  reported  Sir  Edward  GokeX  which  he  did,  they  say,  most 
iuUy  and  naturally,  both  for  matter  and  form.^ 

Same  to  same,  28  Apr.  1628  {ibid.  3  ^7) :  ''  The  bishops  were, 
divided,  Canterbury,  Norwich  and  Lincoln  for  the  subject.  The 
bishop  of  Lincoln  much  commended  for  what  he  spoke  on  behalf 
of  the  subject,  acknowledging  he  had  once  offended  in  the  days  of 
Us  late  master,  in  standing  for  the  prerogative  to  the  prejudice  of 
the  subject^s  liberties;  for  which  he  now  desired  forgiveness,  pro- 
fessing that  henceforth  neither  hope  of  greater  preferments,  nor 
fear  of  the  loss  of  what  he  presently  enjoyed,  should  make  him  do 
or  speak  against  his  consci^ce.'" 

Same  to  same  31  May  1628  {ibid.  359) :  Abbot,  Williams, 
etc.  aUowed  to  kiss  hands. 

The  following  letter  from  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax  to  his  grandfather, 
July  24  [1637],  shews  Williams  in  a  very  favorable  light. 

Fairfax  Ccrrespondeneey  Vol.  i.  p.  338. 
^^The  bishop  of  Lincoln  is  now  in  the  Tower,  suspended  from 

all  his  livings,  and  fined  10,000£.  to  the  king.    The  profits  of 


106 

the  deanery  of  Westminster  are  sought  after  by  Dr.  Duppa^  the 
Prmoe''8  tutor.     The  fate  of  this  bishop  is  much  lamented,  for  he 
bestowed  most  of  his  revenues  in  pious  works  and  charitable  deeds^ 
and  the  conferring  to  other  hands  will  be  a  sensible  loss  to  those 
that  had  tasted  his  liberality.     Yet,  although  it  is  a  just  judg- 
ment for  his  infinite  pride  and  ambition,  which  stood  as  ofieiksive 
briers  about  so  many  sweet  roses,  he  hath  now  a  good  memento 
to  humble  himself,  but  not  so  much  means  to  work  the  acoostom- 
ary  good  he  used  to  do.    At  the  dissolving  of  his  family  he 
showed  that  liberality  was  a  natural  disposition  to  him,  for  after 
he  had  spoken  a  moving  and  eloquent  speech  to  his  servants, 
expressing  his  sorrow  that  he  was  forced  to  cast  them  off  so  sud- 
denly, and  deprived  of  means  to  reward  the  faithful  service  they 
had  done  him,  in  a  passion  he  broke  off^  flinging  from  them  in  a 
confused  mann^,  accompanied  with  tears,  saying  he  must  part^ 
and  after  he  waa  gone  sent  2500£.  to  be  distributed  amongst 
them.    Thus  in  the  lowest  ebb  of  fortune  did  he  shew  the  trea- 
sures of  a  rich  mind.'*^ 


VI.  Catalogue  of  Subscriptions  for  the  Relief 
OF  Sufferers  from  the  Cattle  Plague  in  1747 
IN  the  Parish  of  Cottenham.  Communicated 
BY  the  Rev.  S.  Banks,  M.A. 


(Read  December  5, 1865.) 

The  foUowing  is  a  copy  of  the  original  document  now  pre- 
served at  Cottenham. 

Cottenham  November  22''.  1747. 
Whereas  I  have  collected  amongst  some  of  my  friends  in  London 
a  sam  of  money  to  be  distributed  according  to  my  discretion  for 
y^  Belief  of  y*  poor  Suffers  by  y*  murrain  in  this  Parish.    Be  it 

£      8.  Ds 

Bemembered  that  I  have  out  of  y*  said  Sum  expended  6  04  0 
in  f  Purchase  of  one  half  share  of  a  Ticket  (No.  B.  21,681}  in 
f  preBent  State-Lotteiy;  and  I  do  hereby  acknowledge  y^  the 
said  Parish  is  entitled  to  half  the  Profits  arising  from  y*  said 
Tickett  (be  they  more  or  less)  for  their  Use  b  Benefitt ;  Be- 
aenring  to  myself  y*  Absolute  Bight  &  Power  of  disposing  of  all 
Monies  arising  from  their  Half- Share  of  y*  said  Tickett  (be  the 
same  more  or  less)  according  to  my  own  discretion  for  y*  Belief 
&  Benefitt  of  f  siud  Parish. 

Witness  my  hand  T  Greene. 

Signed 
In  y*  presence  of  us  whose  names 
are  under-written  (y^  words  of  one  half-Share 
befcwe^  y«  4^  &  6^  lines  being  first  inserted) 

John  Scaife,  Curate. 
Bobert  Sayer,  Churchwarden. 
lt.B.   The  said  Tickett  was  drawn  a  Blank,  &  sold  for  2-14-6 
for  y*  half  share. 


108 

An 

Account  of  Money  coUected  by  y*  Rev.  M'.  Greene 

for  y«  Belief  of  y®  Sufferers  by  y®  murrain  in  this  Parish 

1747 

Duke  of  Portland         

Duchess  of  Portland  

Archbishop  of  Canterbury  (D*.  Homing)       

Bp.  of  Chichester  (D*.  Mawson) 

Earl  of  Portsmouth       

Countess  of  Portsmouth     

Bp.  of  Ely  (D'.  Butte)  

Hon*^  Philip  Yorke  

Charles  Greene  Esq'. 

Charles  Alix  Esq'. 

Fred*.  Frankbmd  Esq'.  

Fran.  Say  Esq'. 

Bp.  of  S*.  Asaph  (D'.  Drummond)  

M".  Greene        

Lady  Wager  

Nich.  Hardinge  Esq'. 

Rob*.  Harley  Esq'.  

Miss  Eliz.  Greene         

Daniel  Wray  Esq'.  

D*.  AllixDeanofEly 

Rev'.  M'.  Hetherington     

S'.  Fran'.  Drake  

Rev*.  D'.  Perkins        ' 

Miss  Parsons  

Miss  Watson       

M".  Greene  Jun'.      

Miss  Gore  

Rev*.  M'.  Frankland  

M".Gashry        

John  Achard  Esq'.  

W.  Southwell  Ifeq'.     

Fran.  Gashry  Esq'.  

Cha.  Erskine  Esq'.         

M".  Southwell         

Rev*.  M'.  Eyton  Butts  

Hon"*.  &  Rev*.  M'.  Hervey  

Rev.  D'.  Price  

Rev.  D'Tookie        


lb. 

f: 

d. 

05 

05 

00 

02 

02 

00 

05 

05 

00 

05 

05 

00 

01 

01 

00 

02 

02 

00 

01 

01 

00 

05 

05 

00 

02 

02 

00 

05 

05 

00 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

02 

02 

00 

01 

01 

00 

01 

01 

00 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

01 

01 

00 

01 

01 

00 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

00 

10 

06 

01 

01 

00 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

01 

01 

00 

00 

10 

06 

00 

05 

00 

00 

02 

06 

102 

lb.     «.  d. 

Rev'.  DTarifly  Master  of  Sidn^GolL      ...        .^  01    01  00 

Bev*.  M'.  8tuixoB8 ^  01    01  00 

Ber'.D'.  BichardBoii,  Master  of  EmiiuuiiielCktlL              ...  01    01  00 

Bev.M'.  Hubbard  of  Sman-GoIL     00  *  10  06 

M'.  John  Wbiston,  BookBeUer 01    01  00 

Ben'etOdl^^e 05    06  00 

King's  CoDege         ^       ^^        06    05  00 

Cains  CoUege     ^.        03    03  00 

Clare-Han .^        05    06  00 

8*.  John's  CoUege         05    06  00 

Sidney  Coflege 02    02  00 

Jesus  College     ...  01    01  00 

Bmmannel  College            01    01  00 

S\  Peter's  CoUege        02    02  ^ 

Pembroke  HaU        02    02  00 

QueeDs'  CoUege           02    02  00 

Catharine  HaU        01    01  00 

Trinity  CoUege 05    05  00 

Christ's  CoUege      .    01    01  00 

Rey.  M'.  Greene           21    00  00 

Collected  at  7*  Sacram*.  at  Cott  June  7. 1747 00    13  06 

124    19    00 

An    . 

Account  of  Money  dkbnrsed  out  of  y*  said  06Uectioa 

P*.  to  jr  Persons  who  kept  BnUs  for  y*  Herd  

P'.  for  retnming  y*  Hide  money  &  Messagers  to     > 
M'.  Richardson  &  M'.  Pass  ab'.  y*  Certificates  ) 

Lost  by  a  Blank  Lottery-Tickett      

T*  Wid.  Greaves  for  3  Hides  for  which  she  had    1 
receiyed  no  GovemmeBt-Mon^ / 

To  W-.  Howard 

To  Hen.  Lawrence 

To  Jo.  Wilson  Sen' 

To  Mary  Chapman 

ToRob*.  Elwood 

To  Jo.  WUson 

1.  P'.  for  a  cow  for  John  Ablett 

2.  D*.  for  T.  Norman 

3.  IK  for  —  Bowles 

4.  B*.  for  Rob.  Frohock 

5.  D*.  for  Ed.  RoweU 

6.  D*.  for  Jo.  MaUe    


11 

00 

00 

00 

14 

Ofr 

02 

09 

06 

01 

10 

00 

for  1  Hide  each  D*.  ...       03    00    00 


04 

00 

00 

04 

00 

00 

04 

00 

00 

04 

00 

00 

04 

00 

00 

04 

00 

9 

00 

110 

7.  D*.  for  Ban.  Taylor 

8.  B*.  for  Farine  Brigham  

9.  D*.  for  John  Essex     ... 

10.  I)*.for  Ja:  Greayes 

11.  ]>.  for  W^.  Qreayee  

12.  B*.  for  Tha  Benton  

13.  D*.  for  Fran.  WMte  ,  ^*.       *^        

14.  D».  for  W-.  Porter 
16.  D*.  for  John  Todd      ...        ...        i 

16.  B*.  for  John  Betts     

17.  B*.  for  Alice  Norman      

18.  B*.  for  Jacob  Wilson 

19.  B*.  for  Com.  Payne         .„ 

20.  B*.  for  W.  Pirbank   ..,     .   ...        

21.  B*.  for  John  Hay 

22.  B*.  for  Tho.  Leet       ...       ...        

23.  !)•.  for  John  Watts  Jun\     

24.  B*.  for  John  Benton         

26.  B*.  for  Fran.  Beakins      

26.  B*.  for  Bob*.  Watson  JonV 

27.  B*.  for  W.  Allgood         

28.  B*.  for  John  Foot       

29.  B*.  for  John  Norman      

80.  B*.  for  Wid.  Whitehead       

31.  B*.  for  W".  Hare  

32.  B».  for  Widow  Hobson  ',        

P'.  Frost  in  part  of  his  Hide-M<Hi^  

124    19    00 

Mem.  IMD*.  Fleetwood  Relict  of  y*  Late  B'  Fleetwood  Rector  of  this 

Parish  gaye  likewise  y*  smn  of  six  Guineas,  which  was  distributed  in  equal 

shares  to  y*  following  persons  by  y*  Rey'.  M'.  Scaife  and  Morgan  Christmas. 

£    9.    d. 

Edward  Rowel      

Mark  Benton     

Thomas  Bowles     

John  Leader      

James  Birket        

Sarah  Whitehead 

Alice  Norman        ... , 

Thomas  Webb 

Robert  Frohock 

John  Nonnan '      ..*       •»•        .;-. 

Mary  Chapman      ...        •••        •••        .i.        ...        ... 

Ti  .  JuLaro  ••#        ••*        •••        ••.        ••«        ... 


Uk 

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03 

00 

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03 

00 

00 

03 

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03 

00 

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03 

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03 

00 

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02 

19 

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02 

16 

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03 

00 

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03 

00 

00 

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16 

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03 

00 

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03 

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00 

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10 

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10 

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10 

6 

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10 

6 

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10 

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10 

6 

Vn.  On  two  hithebox)  unknown  poemb  by  John 
Babbour,  Author  of  the  Brus.  Communicated  by 
Henby  Bkadshaw. 


[Read  30  AprU  186«.] 


The  remains  of  early  Scotch  literature  are  so  acftnty,  that  I  am 
glad  of  an  opportunity  to  bring  before  the  notice  of  our  Society 
two  genuine  pieces  of  antiquity,  two  poems  which  I  have  no 
hesitation  in  assigning  to  Master  John  Barbour  Archdeacon  of 
Aberdeen,  the  author  of  the  BruSy  which  have  been  lying  un« 
claimed  in  our  University  for  a  hundred  and  fifty  years,  and 
which  it  has  been  my  good  fortune  to  disinter  within  the  last 
three  weeks.  As  hardly  anything  of  Scotch  literature  remains  to 
us  earlier  than  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century,  except  the 
Brus  by  Barbour,  who  died  in  1395,  Wyntown'^s  Ohronicle  called 
the  Orygynale  (about  1420),  and  the  poems  of  King  James  the 
First,  who  died  in  1437;  it  is  a  satisfaction  to  have  recovered 
these  two  poems  of  Barbour^  the  Siege  cf  Troy  and  the  Lives  of 
Saints.  Of  the  Troy-hook  only  two  fragments  are  forthcoming, 
comprising  about  2200  lines ;  but  the  Lives  of  Saints  seem  to 
extend  to  about  40000  lines. 

It  was  on  the  11th  of  this  month  that  I  tock  down  from  the 
shelf  in  the  University  Library  a  copy  of  Lydgate^s  Troy-iooJt^ 
I  only  knew  that  it  was  a  Scotch  manuscript  formerly  in  the 
Duke  of  Lauderdale^s  collection,  which  was  sold  by  auction  in 
London  in  1692,  and  that  it  had  been  bought  with  several  otheps 

9—2 


112 

from  the  same  library  by  Bishop  Moore,  and  transferred  witli 
the  rest  of  his  books  to  the  University  by  the  munificence  of 
King  George  in  1715.  My  immediate  object  was  to  see  how  far 
Lydgate^s  southern  English  had  been  modified  in  the  process  of 
transcription  by  a  Scotch  scribe.  The  original  volume  was  muti- 
lated both  at  beginnmg  and  end,  and  the  missing  parts  had  been 
supplied  in  writing,  from  the  printed  edition  of  1555,  by  one  Sir 
James  Murray  of  Tibbermure,  who  owned  the  book  in  1612. 
However,  on  turning  over  a  few  leaves  near  the  end  of  the  origi- 
nal scribe'^s  work,  I  was  struck  with  a  line  in  larger  handwriting 
(that  used  throughout  the  volume  for  rubrics),  running  as  fol- 
lows: 

Her  endis  the  monk  and  begynnys  harbour ; 

and  on  turning  back,  I  found  a  similar  rubric  near  the  beginning : 

Her  endis  harbour  and  begynnys  the  monk. 

It  was  further  apparent  that  the  lines  before  this  note  at  the 
beginning,  as  far  as  they  were  preserved  (about  600),  and  after 
the  note  at  the  end  (about  1500  or  1600),  were  not  Lydgate 
couplets  of  verses  of  five  accents,  but  Romance  couplets  of  verses 
of  four  accents.  A  few  lines  were  enough  to  show  me  that  the 
language  was  anything  but  southern  English;  and  I  had  little 
doubt  that  I  had  stumbled  upon  some  fragments  of  a  large  work 
by  the  earliest  known  Scotch  poet,  of  which  I  did  not  recollect  to 
have  seen  any  notice.  After  spending  some  hours  in  searching 
through  the  various  works  on  Scotch  literary  history  which 
were  to  be  found  in  the  Library,  I  wrote  to  Mr  Gosmo  Junes  to 
ask  for  some  information  about  the  book,  being  very  slow  to 
believe  that  it  was  possible  for  me  to  discover  anything  in  such  an 
accessible  library  as  ours,  which  had  escaped  the  keen  and  life-long 
searches  of  such  literary  antiquaries  as  Scotland  now  possesses. 
Warton  mentions  another  translation  of  Guide  de  Golonna^s  work, 
besides  Lydgate^s,  as  existing  at  Oxford  among  the  Laud  MSS. ; 
and  fortunately  that  part  of  the  story  which  he  quotes  from  the 


118 

Oxford  MS.,  the  account  of  the  arrival  of  Jason  and  Hercules  at 
Golchos,  also  exists  in  the  earlier  of  the  fragments  in  our  Trwf- 
book;  but  though  Lydgate^s  poem,  the  anonymous  one  at  Oxford, 
and  Barbour'^s  are  all  translated  from  the  same  Latin  text,  the 
Hisiara  Trojana  of  Guide  de  Colonna,  they  are  all  clearly  different 
versions. 

It  is  difficult  to  understand  how  these  fragments  come  to 
occupy  the  place  which  they  hold  in  the  present  MS.  The  only 
explanation  I  can  suggest  is  that  the  Scotch  scribe,  wishing  to 
make  a  copy  of  Lydgate^s  Story  of  the  Destruction  of  Troy,  was 
only  able  to  procure  for  his  purpose  a  copy  mutilated  at  beginning 
and  end;  and  that,  in  transcribbg,  he  supplemented  his  original 
by  taking  the  missing  portions  of  the  story  from  the  antiquated 
(and  in  his  eyes  less  refined)  translation  made  by  his  own  coun- 
tryman in  the  previous  century.  King  James  seems  to  have 
carried  back  with  him  into  Scotland  the  knowledge  of  the  English 
poetry  of  his  day.  There  is  ample  evidence  of  the  popularity  of 
Chaucer  in  Scotland  in  the  latter  half  of  the  fifteenth  century; 
several  of  his  smaller  poems  are  only  known  to  us  from  Scotch 
copies  of  them;  and  one  indeed  is  among  the  earliest  productions 
of  the  Edinburgh  press.  It  need  not  then  be  matter  of  surprise 
to  us  if  the  great  popularity  of  Lydgate  in  England  had  spread 
his  fame  across  the  border.  I  still  thought  that  anonymous  copies 
of  Barbour  s  Siege  of  Troy  might  have  been  preserved  either 
entire  or,  as  here,  combined  with  Lydgate'^s  work,  and  suggested 
this  to  my  friends  in  Scotland;  but  at  present  all  that  I  can  say 
is  that  they  know  of  no  poem  of  the  kind  lying  unclaimed. 
While,  however,  so  many  libraries  remain  unexplored,  it  is  very 
probable  that  a  more  complete  copy  may  yet  be  discovered*. 

It  then  occurred  to  me  that  our  Society  might  very  well  print 
these  two  fragments  of  the  Troy-hooky  and  that,  as  there  were  but 
very  few  early  Scotch  manuscripts  in  the  library,  a  brief  descrip- 
tion of  these  might  be  prefixed  to  the  fragments  when  printed. 
*  Bee  note  at  the  end  of  this  paper. 


114 

The  Latin  Gospels  of  Deer,  with  the  OaeGc  charters  at  the  be- 
ginning (the  only  Scottish  Gaselic  charters  in  existence),  are 
already  in  the  hands  of  Mr  Joseph  Bobertson  for  publication,  and 
may  soon  be  expected;  Stewards  Metrical  Chronicle,  from  the 
Lauderdale  Library,  has  been  edited  for  the  Master  of  the  Bolls. 
The  volumes  containing  the  Scottish  laws,  and  the  Bomance  of 
Lancelot,  &c.,  are  already  well-known;  the  volume  of  Lydgate 
had  just  yielded  the  two  fragments  of  Barbour's  poem,  which  I 
have  noticed;  and  almost  the  only  other  Scotch  manuscript  was 
an  anonymous  collection  o(  Lives  of  Saints,  which  I  had  long 
known  by  sight,  and  whteh  I  have  shown  to  all  my  Edinburgh 
friends  in  the  hope  of  their  recognising  it  as  a  well-known  work, 
even  if  not  by  a  known  author.  Having  never  obtained  any  satis- 
faction on  the  subject,  I  set  to  work  to  look  carefully  through  it. 
It  must  have  some  definite  place  in  its  own  class  of  literature ; 
and  for  the  last  few  years  the  necessity  has  become  more  and 
more  apparent  to  me  of  trying  to  assign  not  merely  to  every  com- 
position but  to  every  volume,  whether  written  or  printed,  its 
definite  place  (however  roughly  defined)  in  our  early  literature. 
It  is  only  by  some  systematic  method  of  proceeding  that  we  can 
ever  hope  to  clear  away  the  mass  of  confusion  which  exists  in  our 
knowledge  of  our  national  literature,  especially  during  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth  centuries. 

But  to  give  some  little  account  of  this  volume  of  Idf^ss  of 
Saints:  it  consists  of  nearly  400  leaves,  with  about  50  lines  on  a 
page,  so  that  the  series  of  lives  miist  extend  to  nearly  forty 
thousand  lines.  The  writing  seems  to  be  of  the  latter  half  of  the 
fifteenth  century,  and  the  binding  must  be  contemporary,  one  of 
the  few  specimens  of  early  binding,  which  remain  in  the  library. 
One  of  the  quires  is  guarded  by  a  slip  of  parchment  containing 
part  of  a  document  beginning:  ''Jacobus  dei  gratia  rex  Scotto- 
rum ,''  enough  to  show  where  the  book  was  bound.  The  un- 
named author  begins  his  prologue  by  saying  that,  as  Gato  and  the 
author  of  the  Rose  justly  say  that  idleness  is  the  root  of  all  evil, 


116 

**  Yarfore  sene  I  ma  not  wii^ 
**  As  mjmstre  of  haly  kirke 
"  For  gret  eld  and  febilnes," 

he  employs  himself  in  tmnslating  the  lives  of  many  of  the  'saints. 
After  the  lives  of  the  Apostles  and  several  others,  he  closes  the 
first  portion  of  the  work  with  the  lives  of  Saint  Nicholas  (who, 
Mr  Innes  reminds  me,  is  the  patron  saint  of  the  City  of  Aber- 
deeD),  and  Saint  Morice  or  Macharius,  the  patron  saint  of  the 
Church  of  the  same  place.  At  the  beginning  of  his  life  of  Saint 
Morice,  he  says: 

^'Bot  before  vthir  I  wald  fayne 
''And  I  had  connyng  Bet  my  mayne 
"  Something  to  say  of  saint  Moryse 
''Yat  in  bis  tyme  was  ware  and  wis 
''  And  in  the  erd  of  sic  renown 
<<  And  als  in  hewine  sa  hye  patron 
"  Of  Abirden  in  ye  cite." 
*  ♦  ♦ 

There  are  fifty  lives  in  all,  and  the  second  portion  contains  twenty- 
three  of  these;  among  them  that  of  Saint  Ninian  the  Apostle  of 
Galloway.  Unfortunately  two  leaves  are  wanting  at  the  end  of 
this  life;  but  enough  remains  to  afford  us  marterial  help  in  tracing 
out  the  author.  After  the  translation  of  the  Latin  legend,  the 
writer  gives  several  narratives  in  illustration.  The  first  of  these 
he  begins  thus: 

"  Of  saint  Niniane  ?et  I  ^  tel 
"  A  ferly  yat  in  my  time  befel 
"  In  Galoway  til  a  nobil  knycht 
"Yat  Sir  Fargos  Magdonel*  hycht. 
^  And  hardy  was  of  hart  and  hand 
"  And  had  the  leding  of  the  land 
"In  worshipe  and  slachtyr  bath 
''One  Inglis  men  to  do  skath." 


*  Query  so,  or  Magdouel? 


116 

This  ends  thus: 

"  For  thi  honour  be  til  hewynis  kyng 

"  And  to  saint  Niniane  honouryng 

"  En  al  tyme  of  lyfand  men. 

"Yarto  Bay  we  al  Amen. 

"  Tis  wes  done  bat  leasing 

"  Quhen  Sir  Davi  bruys  tees  JdngP 

After  several  further  narratives,  he  begins  another  (now  defective 

at  the  end)  thus: 

«  A  lytil  tale  ?it  herd  I  tel 

"  Yat  in  to  my  tyme  befel 

''  Of  a  gadman  in  Murrefe  borne 

''  In  Elgyne  and  his  kynd  befome 

"  And  callit  wes  a  faithful  man 

**  With  al  yame  jat  him  knewe  yan 

"  And  yis  mare  traately  I  say 

"  For  I  kend  hyme  weile  mony  day 

"John  Balormy  wos  his  name 

"  A  man  of  M  giid  fame." 
#  ♦  ♦ 

I  find  one  Thomas  Balhormy  witness  to  a  charter  early  in  the 

fifteenth  century,  in  the  Registrum  MaramensBy  and  other  persons 

of  the  name  appear  in  that  part  of  the  country.     After  Saint 

Ninian  follow  other  saints,  and  the  book  closes  with  a  life  of 

Saint  Eatherine. 

From  the  brief  extract  of  these  few  passages  you  will  see 
that  the  writer  was  an  ecclesiastic,  past  work  from  old  age,  that 
he  feels  specially  bound  to  sing  the  praises  of  Saint  Machar,  the 
patron  of  Aberdeen,  that  the  story  of  the  Galloway  Knight  hap- 
pened in  the  author'^s  own  time,  and  during  the  reign  of  King 
David  Bruce,  who  died  in  1370;  and,  further,  after  relating  stories 
of  events  which  happened  in  Galloway,  he  mentions  one  of  an 
Elgin  man,  an  old  friend  of  his  own,  as  one  which  he  can  tell 
with  more  confidence  of  its  truth  than  he  can  assert  of  the  Gal- 
loway stories. 

When  we  consider  that  John  Barbour  the  Archdeacon  of 
Aberdeen,  was  engaged  from  1375  onwards  in  writing  the  Brus^ 


117 

and  that  be  lived  till  1395,  and  apparently  at  Aberdeen,  I  think 
there  can  hardly  be  a  doubt  that  this  poem  should  also  be  added 
to  the  meagre  list  of  the  productions  of  the  father  of  Scotch 
poetry.  Scotchmen  have  grieved  over  the  loss  of  Barbour'^s  poem 
on  the  Genealogy  of  the  Stewarts,  which  is  so  often  referred  to 
by  Wyntown,  in  his  Chronicle;  and  therefore,  though  not  of 
course  of  equal  interest  with  the  author^s  peculiarly  national 
poems,  they  will  no  doubt  be  glad  to  have  restored  to  them  two 
such  undoubted  pieces  as  even  from  a  philological  point  of  view 
must  be  of  considerable  value  and  interest.  To  myself  it  is  a  pe- 
culiar satisfaction  to  think  that  such  treasures  as  the  Gospels  of 
Deer  and  these  two  poems  have  been  found  in  our  own  University 
Library;  as  it  shows  that  however  long  and  however  shamefully  it 
has  been  neglected,  there  is  yet  sufficient  lying  undiscovered  to 
lead  the  keepers  of  the  library  to  turn  their  attention  to  the  books 
committed  to  their  charge. 

P.  S.  My  conjecture  has  been  verified  to  some  extent.  I 
have  since  had  the  good  fortune  to  discover  in  the  Douce  Collec- 
tion, a  copy  which  furnishes  about  1200  additional  lines  towards 
the  close  of  the  poem.  Being  at  Oxford  for  some  weeks  this 
summer,  I  was  enabled,  thanks  to  the  unequalled  kindness  of  Mr 
Coxe,  to  explore  at  my  leisure  whole  departments  of  the  Bodleian 
Library.  I  was  searching  for  printed  books;  but  seeing  a  MS.  of 
Lydgate'^s  Troy-book  in  an  adjoining  book-case,  I  was  tempted  to 
take  it  down,  although  I  knew  that  all  the  Bodleian  Lydgates  had 
been  just  recently  examined  with  great  care  for  the  committee  of 
the  Early  English  Text  Society.  It  is  a  Scotch  MS.  and  was 
probably  copied  from  the  Cambridge  MS.  before  ours  was  so 
much  mutilated.  The  beginning  is  Lydgate,  the  volume  closes 
with  the  last  few  lines  of  Lydgate^s  poem,  and  the  rubrics  about 
Barbour  and  the  Monk  are  omitted;  so  that  it  is  not  to  be  won- 
dered at  that  even  Mr  Douce  himself  should  have  overlooked  it,  to 
say  nothing  of  more  recent  investigators. 


CONTENTS. 


y.    Lettbbs  of  Abohbibhop  WiLZJAHfl^  WITH  Matbbiais  vok 
HIS  Live.    Commimicated  by  John  R  E  Mayob,  U.A., 

St  John's  Ooll^ga 61 

VI.    Gatalogub  of  Subsgbifhohs  fob  the  Belief  of  Suffer- 

EBS  FBOX  THE  CaTTLE  FlAOUE  IN   1747  ZN  THE  PaBISB 

OF  CoTTENHAH.    Oommmucated  by  the  Bey.  S.  Baexb, 
M.A.  .        . 107 

YII.  On  two  hithebto  unknown  poems  by  John  Basboub, 
Author  of  the  Bros.  Commumcated  by  Henbt 
Bradshaw.         •  .        .  .11} 


*  I. 


KEPORT   A*Ni>    COATMUNICATIONS. 


BEPOET 

nxarsmt  to  rat 

Catitbntisc  !!^ntiquanaii  ^otfct^, 

AT  1X3  Tmarr.TmaD  akkual  oeseeai.  itEETiKo, 
MAT  1*^.  1S73. 

^rtrm  am  istmuc?  o-i'  tos  j'ii«cs£Di3«ni  or  tix£  mmttt 


ALBO 

Communications 

MADE  TO  THE  SOCIETY. 
No,  XVIL 

BEIKO  No,   8  OP  THE   THnU>  TOLUME, 


CAitBRIDGE : 

TWTXTCI^  fOa  TILE  C4MBaiP8]l   AjmQtTABUJf   SOfllKTt, 

|30U>  BY  DEIGHTOX,  BELL  «fc  CX).;  and  M^VCMILLAN  a»  CO. 


1878. 


Price  J^it/ht  Shitlinffs. 


CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 
COUNCIL. 

May  28,  1877. 


Charles    Cabdale    Babinoton,    Esq.,    M.A.,    F.RS.,    St  John's 
College,  Professor  of  Botanj. 

William  Milner  Fawcbtt,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 

Sbecrctars. 

Rey.  Samuel  Satage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

Rev.  William  Griffth,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 

Rev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 

John  Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

George  Murray  Humphry,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.R.S.,  Downing  College, 

Professor  of  Anatomy. 
Thomas  M^Kenny  Hughes,  Esq.,  M,A.,  Trinity  College,  Wood- 

wardian  Professor  of  Geology. 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  (Jniveraity  lihrariaa. 
Rev.  George  Forrest  Browne,  M.A.,  St  Catharine's  College. 
John  Willis  Clark,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
Thomas  Hack  Naylor,  Esq.,  M.A. 

PUBLICATIONS 

OF  THE 

CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 


REPORTa 
Reports  I— X  (1841—1850).    Ten  numbers.    1841—1850.    8vo. 

PUBLICATIONS.    QUARTO  SERIES. 
I.      A  Catalogue  of  the  original  library  of  St  Catharine's  Hail,  1475.  S<L 

by  Professor  Corrib,  B.D.    1840.    1».  6rf. 
11.      Abbreviata  Cronica,  1377—1469.    Ed.  by  J,  J.  Smith,  M.A    1840. 

WUh  a  facsimile,    28.  Qd. 
III.     An  account  of  the  Consecration  of  Abp.  Parker.  Ed.  by  J.  GooDwur, 
B.D.    1841.     fVithafacsimiU.    ^.6d. 


REPORT 


PRBSENTBD  TO  THX 


Caml^riUj^e  iSnttquartan  SbotUt^, 

AT  US  XHIBTT-THIBD  ANNUAL  aENBBAL  MEETING, 
MAY  19,  1873. 


WITH    AN   AB8TBJLCT  OF  THB   PBOOEEDINOfi  OF  THX  BOCISTT 
(IHCLUPINO  THB  ANNUAL  BBP0BT8  XXVII— XXXn), 

1866—1873. 


(irambttirge : 

PBINTBD  FOB  THB  CAMBBIDOB  ANTIQUARIAN   60CIETT. 

SOLD  BY  DEIGHTON,  BELL   AND  CO., 

AND   MACMILLAN  AND   CO. 

QEOBGK  BELL  AND  SONS,  LONDON. 

1878. 


PBOrrXD   BT    0.  J.  OLAT,   X.A. 
AT  TBI  UlflVIBSITT  PBI8B. 


EEPOET 


PBESENTED  TO  THE  CAMBBEDGB  ANTIQUABIAN  S0C5IETY  AT  ITS 

THIBTY.THIBD  ANNUAL  0£N£BAL  MEBTING, 

MAT  19,  187S. 


YoUE  Officers  are  unable  to  report  the  accession  of  any  new 
Members  to  the  Society  since  the  last  anniversary  meeting. 

The  scanty  additions  to  the  Museum  and  Library  will  be 
found  enumerated  in  the  List  of  presents  received  during  the 
past  year. 

Mr  Hailstone's  History  cmd  Antiquities  of  the  Parish  of 
Bottishmn  and  the  Priory  of  Anglesey,  which  will  form  No.  xiv 
of  the  Society's  octavo  series  of  Publications,  is  nearly  finished, 
and  will  in  all  probability  be  published  and  distributed  to 
members  in  the  course  of  next  Term. 

Mr  Luard  having  prepared  a  List  of  the  charters  granted  to 
the  University,  and  of  the  documents  relating  to  the  "Univer- 
sity, from  1266  to  1544,  so  far  as  they  exist,  or  have  existed, 
in  the  Eegistry,  it  has  been  decided  to  print  it  for  the  Society. 


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COUNCIL. 

MAY  19,  1873. 


[Tho9e  marked  *  continue  metnben  qf  the  CouucUfrom  Uut  year,'] 

Rev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 
William  Milner  Fawcett,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 

Sbemtatg. 

Sev.  Samuel  Savage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

®riiinar5  inembets. 

*  Rev.  Samuel  Banks,  M.  A. 

*Rev.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College, 

Professor  of  Latin. 
*Rev.  Joseph  Bawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  College. 
♦Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.R.S.,  St  John's 

College,  Professor  of  Botany. 

*  Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.  A.,  Trinity  College. 
*Rev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Chiist's  College. 

Rev.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  University 

Registrary. 
Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq.,  M.  A,  St  John's  College. 
Henry    Bradshaw,   Esq.,   M.A.,   King's   College,  University 

Librarian. 
William  Aldis  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 


LIST    OF    PRESENTS 

during  thb  yeab  ending 
May  19,  1873. 


ANTIQUITIES. 
From  the  Rev,  H.  R,  Luard : 

Two  small  coins,  one  Boman,  one  Hamburg. 

BOOKS. 
From  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London: 

Proceedings  of  the  Society,     2nd  Series,  Vol.  5,  Nos.  4,  5,  6. 
8vo.    London,  (1872). 

From  ihe  Exeter  Diocesan  Architectural  Society : 

Transactions  of  the  Society.     2nd  Series,  VoL  2,  Part  3. 
8vo.     Exeter,  1871-2. 

From  the  Associated  Architectural  Societies : 

Papers  of  the  Societies,  1871.     8vo.    Lincoln,  1871. 

From  the  Royal  HistoriccU  and  ArchceologiccU  Association  of 
Ireland : 
Journal  of  the  Association.    4th  Series,  Vol.  2,  Nos.  10, 11, 
12.    8vo.    Dublin,  1872, 

From  the  Smithsonian  Institution : 

Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  Regents  for  1870.    8va 
Washington,  1871. 

From  the  United  States  War  DepaHment: 

Weather-maps  and  tri-daily  Bulletin,  Nov.  25,  1872. 


AN  ABSTRACT  OF  THE  PROCEEDINGS  AT  THE 
MEETINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY, 

DUBINO  THI  flBYBH  TBAB8  SHBIVO 

May  19,   1873. 


186&— 1867. 
Nov.  19, 1866.    No  meeting. 

Dec  3, 1866.    The  Rev.  R  E.  Kerrich  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Bradflhaw  read  some  extracts  from  a  mamucript  in  the  University 
Library,  giving  a  picture  of  the  state  of  the  UniTersity  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Anna    (See  the  Society's  OcmimunicaiunUf  YoL  m,  No.  yju.) 

Feb.  26,  1867.     The  President  (Professor  C,  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 
Rev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  GoUega 
Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  Gambridga 

Professor  Churchill  Babington  exhibited :  (1)  An  inscribed  gem,  pur- 
chased by  him  in  Dublin ;  and  (2)  some  silver  coins  of  Henry  VIII.  and 
Edward  Y  L,  which  had  been  found  at  Bourne.  The  most  remarkable  thing 
about  the  former  was  that  they  were  all  of  different  mints. 

The  Rev,  W.  K.  Clay  communicated  (through  the  President)  some  notes 
and  extracts,  relating  to  several  parishes  in  Cambridgeshire,  from  the 
*  Liber  Archidiaconi  Eliensis'  in  Cains  College  Library. 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  some  tracings  and  engravings,  and  communi- 
cated some  notes  on  the  English  treatment  of  the  Indulgence  known  as  the 
Image  qfPity.    (See  (kmrnunicatioiu,  YoL  in,  No.  dl) 

March  11, 1867.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Bonney  exhibited  an  old  earthenware  amphora,  which  had  been  dug 
up  at  Chesterton,  and  which  he  had  purchased  for  the  Society. 


8 

Mr  Kenich  read  an  extract  from  a  newspaper  oonoeming  the  lapse  of 
the  Downing  property  to  the  UniYersity ;  in  which  an  anecdote  was  men- 
tioned concerning  the  founder  of  the  family,  who  during  the  Protectorate^ 
though  one  of  that  party,  warned  the  King  (Charlea  II.)>  when  he  was 
trayelling  in  Holland  in  dlBguise  to  visit  his  mother,  of  a  design  upon  his 
life ;  for  which  he  was,  after  the  Restoration,  made  a  Baronet 

May  6,  1867.     The  Treasurer  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 

Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Thomas  John  Proctor  Carter,  Esq.,  B.A^  King's  College. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  a  list  which  he  had  drawn  up  of  the  books  printed 
at  Cambridge  from  1521,  when  the  first  press  was  established  here,  to  17(H>. 
The  list  was  compiled  chiefly  from  books  to  be  found  in  Queens'  College 
library ;  but  a  hope  was  expressed  that  it  mig^t  without  mudi  difllcnlty 
be  greatly  enlarged  from  an  examination  of  other  collections  in  Cambridge, 
and  that  eventually  the  Society  might  be  induced  to  print  it 

Mr  Searle  said  that  he  had  drawn  up  a  similar  list  of  all  the  known 
Cambridge  tokens,  and  he  then  gave  a  sketch  of  the  relations  between 
the  tokens  and  the  regular  coinage  during  the  latter  half  of  the  last  and 
tlie  early  part  of  the  present  century.  (This  Liit  was  afterwards  published, 
in  NoYomber  1871,  as  ^o.  XII.  of  the  octavo  series  of  the  Society's 
Publications.) 

May  20, 1867.    Twenty-seventh  Annual  General  Meeting.   The 
President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Bonney  exhibited  : 

(1)  A  series  of  flint  weapons  i^m  Denmark,  England,  and  other 
countries,  presented  to  the  Society  by  John  Evans,  Esq.,  F.UJS. 

(2)  An  ancient  iron  key  fh>m  Willingham,  presented  to  the  Society 
by  Mr  Deck. 

(3)  Some  shells  and  bones,  with  fragments  of  burnt  clay,  which  he  had 
collected  from  some  kitchen -middens  which  he  had  discovered  on  the  Great 
Ormeshead,  in  North  Wales. 

Mr  Bonney  also  read  two  letters  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  written,  as  Master 
of  the  Mint,  to  the  Mayor  and  Corporation  of  Chester.  (See  Communic^ 
tions,  VoL  ui,  Na  x.). 

Mr  Searle  asked  for  information  aboat  David  Hood,  a  printseller,  who 
was  living  in  Cambridge  in  1798. 


APPENDIX  A. 

BSPOBS    PBBSEirTKD   TO    THB   CaMBRIDGB    AnTIQUAUAII    SoCIKT   AT    IT0 

TwsNTT-BETCirTH  AiTHUAL  Gbhxkal  MsxTura, 
Mat  20,  1867. 

Dming  the  past  year  four  new  memben  have  been  elected. 

The  Society  has  had  to  deplore  the  loss  of  the  Rev.  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D., 
Vicar  of  Waterbeach,  and  one  of  its  most  zealous  members.  Among  his 
oontribntions  to  the  Society  may  be  mentioned  the  Histories  of  Water- 
beach,  Landbeach,  and  Homingsey,  which  have  appeared  in  the  octavo 
series  of  the  Society's  Publications.  We  believe  that  Mr  day  was  en- 
gaged upon  a  history  of  the  parish  of  Milton  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

The  Museum  of  the  Society  has  been  enriched  by  an  interesting  series 
of  flint  weapons  from  Denmark  and  France,  presented  by  John  Evans, 
Esq.,  F.RS. ;  an  old  key,  from  Willingham,  presented  by  Mr  I>eck ;  and 
by  a  fine  amphora  (purchased),  which  was  found  in  a  field  near  the 
Huntingdon  Road. 

Besides  the  annual  issue  of  the  Report  and  CommunicattonM  for  1865— 
66,  a  Yolume  containing  Porsan^s  Correspondence  has  been  edited  by  Mr 
Lnard  as  No.  V III.  of  the  Octavo  Publications  of  the  Society.  The  publi- 
cation of  the  first  part  of  Mr  Searle*8  History  of  Queent^  College  has  been 
undertaken,  and  is  now  in  the  press. 


APPENDIX  B. 

Tbsasitbsb's  Account  for  ths  teab  ending 
May  20,  1867. 


Receipts, 
Subscriptions : 
For  1866 . 
For  1867 . 
Arrears   . 
Life  Member  . 

Balance,  May  14,  1866 


.770 

.  17  17  0 

.660 

.  10  10  0 

\ 

M2    0  0 
.  113  10  7 

jCl66  10  7 


Payments, 

University  Press: 
Report  and  Communi- 
cations, No.  XVI.     . 

Octavo      Publications, 
No.  VIII. 

Metcalfe,  Printing    , 

Cheque-book  . 


Balance,  May  20, 1867 


£.  s,  d. 


20    2  0 


.    36    4  6 
0  18  6 
0    2  6 

£97 
.    98 

7  6 
3  I 

£155  10  7 

Examined  and  approved, 

F.  A.  Palby,  Auditor, 


10 


r   -  APPENDIX  C. 

Offioebs  akd  Goukcil. 
May  20,  1867. 

[Thoie  marked  *  continue  member*  qf  Council /ram  kut  year,'] 

Prendent 
Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  P.R.S.,  St  John's  Oolloge,  Professor 
of  Botany. 

Treasurer. 
Heniy  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.I  King's  College,  Uniyersity  Librarian. 

Secretary, 
Rot.  Thomas  Geoi^je  Bonn^,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

Ordinary  Members. 
*ReY.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
''^Rev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 
*John  William  Hales,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
*Rev.  George  Elwes  Corrie,  D.D.,  Master  of  Jesus  College. 
*ReT.  Churchill  Babington,  B.D.,  St  John's  College,  Disney  Professor  of 

Archsaology. 
*Edwin  Guest,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  F.R.S.,  Master  of  Gonville  and  Caius  Collegei 
♦Rev.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  University  R^;istnu7. 
♦Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  CoUega 
*John  Willis  Clark,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Rev.  Geoi^e  Williams,  B.D.,  King's  College. 

Rev.  Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 

Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 

Rev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  College. 


1867— 18G8. 

Nov.  18,  1867.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Luard  exhibited  a  fragment  of  Ammonites  hiplex,  bearing  a  curious 
resemblance  to  a  mole. 

Mr  Luard  also  exhibited  and  read  a  letter,  dated  July  13, 1560,  ad- 
dressed by  John  Bale  to  Archbishop  Parker,  which  he  had  found  among  the 
documents  in  the  Registry.    (See  Communications,  Vol.  in,  No.  xl) 


11 

Dec  2,  1867.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

in.  the  chair. 

The  followmg  new  members  were  elected : 
Key.  William  Magan  Campion,  B.D.,  Queens'  CoUegei 
Robert  Lubbock  Bensly,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Gonville  and  Cains  Coflege. 
Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq^  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
Ret.  C.  W.  Underwood,  M.A.,  Histon  Vicarage. 
Rer.  John  Hailstone,  M.A.,  Ihrinity  College. 
ReT.  Edward  Henry  Perowne,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christ]  College. 

Mr  Luard  exhibited  a  copper  two-penny  piece  of  the  year  1797. 
Mr  Brocklebank  exhibited: 

(1)  A  silYer  medal  having  on  one  side  King's  College  Chapel,  and  on 
the  other  the  Fellows'  Building,  struck  in  1796  by  D.  Hood  of  Cambridge; 
and 

(2)  A  brass  piece  of  James  II. 

Mr  Luard  read  a  letter  addressed  by  Dr  Bentley  to  Lord  Chancellor 
King,  describing  a  dinner  given  to  King  George  II.  in  Trinity  College  hall 
(See  Communications,  YoL  ui,  No.  xn.) 

Feb.  24,  1868.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 
The  following  new  members  were  elected: 
Rev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  Collega 
Rev.  Charles  Warren,  Over  Rectory. 
Rot.  Alfred  George  Day,  M.A.,  Oonville  and  Caius  College. 

Mr  Bonney  exhihited  a  Romano-British  (?)  vase  of  hlaek  ware  found 
near  the  site  of  the  old  turnpike  on  the  Chesterton  Road,  and  presented  to 
the  Society  by  Mr  Arthur  Deck. 

Mr  Lumby  read  a  list  of  vestments  and  church  ornaments  and  furni- 
ture extracted  from  the  churchwardens'  book  of  Bassingboume.  The  book 
contains  in  it  the  dates  of  1498  and  Dec.  30,  1503,  with  corrections  in  a 
later  hand. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  a  number  of  foreign  and  colonial  coins,  medals  and 
tokens;  among  which  were  an  interesting  series  of  coins  struck  by  the 
Crusaders. 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  two  small  vases  of  black  ware  found  on  Coldham 
Common  and  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr  Farren.  One  much  resembles 
that  exhibited  by  the  Secretary  at  the  present  meeting;  the  other  is 
smaller  and  broader  in  proportion,  it  is  ornamented  with  a  number  of  small 
hatchings. 


12 

March  9,  1868.    The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

The  following  new  member  was  elected : 
Samuel  Bandars,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  three  early  engravings  on  copper  fastened  into 
a  copy  of  the  Utrecht  Breviary  printed  at  Paris  in  1514  and  now  in  the 
University  Library.  The  volume  belonged  wh^  new  to  the  Hieronymites 
or  Fratres  eommuni*  vitae  of  Hulsberg  near  Z  wolle  in  the  north  of  Holland. 
The  engravings  are : 

(1)  A  Madonna  and  Child;  with  the  engravei^s  mark  W  and  a  grayer 
(see  Bartsch,  vi  56  j  Fassavant,  ii  280). 

(2)  The  Nativity;  with  the  initials  W  Z  (unknown). 

(3)  St  Barbara ;  without  monogram. 

(For  a  description  of  these  engravings  see  Communicationiy  Vol  m,  Na 
XXI,  Note  A.) 

Mr  Bradshaw  also  gave  some  accoimt  of  an  engraving  on  copper  which 
he  had  recently  found  in  a  MS.  Prayer-Book  in  the  Library  of  St  John's 
College.  The  subject  is,  Christ  in  the  house  at  Bethany.  It  contains  the 
engravei^s  initials  G.  M.  and  the  place  from  which  it  was  issued,  Bethania 
prope  Mechliniam,  and  is  evidently  Belgian  work  of  the  close  of  the  fif- 
teenth oentury.  (For  a  detailed  description  of  this  engraving  and  another 
by  the  same  artist,  see  C(mimunication9y  VoL  m,  No.  xxl) 

The  President  read  a  paper  on  the  studies  {mtuea  or  studiola)  still  re- 
maining m  the  roof  of  Dr  Loggers  building  at  Caius  College.  (See  Con^ 
municoHoniy  Yol.  m,  No.  xiil) 

Mr  Bradshaw  made  some  remarks  upon  a  King's  College  'Inventory  of 
the  stuff  in  the  college  chambers,  1598'  which  he  had  exhibited  to  the 
Society  on  a  previous  occasion  (March  4,  1861),  and  which  illustrated  in 
a  remarkable  manner  the  President's  paper  on  the  studies  at  Caius  CoUega 
(See  CommuniccUion*,  Vol  ni,  No.  xiv.) 

Mr  W.  Aldis  Wright  read  some  entries  from  a  MS.  in  Trinity  College 
library  concerning  the  marriage  of  one  John  More,  and  the  birth  of  some 
of  his  children.  Mr  Wright  was  inclined  to  think  that  one  of  these  might 
be  the  Chancellor,  Sir  Thomas  More.     (See  Communications,  Vol.  m,  No. 

XV.) 

May  4, 1868.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in  the 

chair. 
Mr  Sandars  communicated  a  paper  (read  by  Mr  Luard)  entitled  BU- 
torieal  and  Architectural  Notes  on  the  Church  qf  St  Mary  the  Great, 
Cambridge,    (These  Notes  were  published  in  November  1869,  as  No.  X  of 
the  Society's  Octavo  Publications.) 


13 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  a  small  Roman  yaae  and  a  bone  implement, 
foond  on  the  Hontingdon  Road,  presented  to  the  society  by  Mr  Farren. 

Mr  Paley  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  a  stone  axe  from 
Ireland,  foond  at  a  depth  of  eighteen  feet  in  a  turf  bog  at  Lough  Gljn, 
CO.  Mayo ;  there  were  about  five  feet  of  turf  below  it. 

Mr  Paley  also  exhibited  (1)  a  gold  medal  (renaissance?)  said  to  be  found 
in  a  field  near  Stowmarket ;  and  (2)  a  curious  cylindrical  stone  with  rounded 
ends  found  in  a  grayel  pit  at  Barnwell. 

Mr  Lumby  read  further  extracts  from  the  list  of  vestments,  &c,  con- 
tained  in  the  churchwarden's  book  at  Bassingboume. 

May  18,  1868,  Twenty-eighth  Annual  General  Meeting.  The 
President  (Profeflsor  C.  C.  Babington)  in  the  chair. 
The  President  exhibited  some  iron  and  bronze  Anglo-Saxon  ornaments, 
whidi  -were  fonnd,  about  half-a-yard  below  the  surface  of  the  ground,  with 
a  skeleton,  lying  Ikce  downwards  and  doubled  up,  near  Houghton,  in 
Huntingdonshire.  They  have  been  presented  to  the  Society  by  the  dis- 
eoTorer,  Mr  Brown,  through  Mr  Neville  Goodman. 

Mr  Searle  read  some  extracts  from  the  Liber  Gratiarum  A ;  making 
some  remarks  upon  the  way  in  which  the  years  were  reckoned. 

APPENDIX  A. 
Report  p&b8entei>  to  the  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Sooiett  at  its 

TWSNTT-SIOHTH  ANNUAL  GbNBBAIi  MEETING, 

May  18,  1868. 
During  the  past  year  ten  new  members  have  been  elected. 

The  Museum  of  the  Society  has  been  enriched  by  some  vases  of  earthen- 
ware of  the  Romano-British  period  presented  by  Mr  Deck  and  Mr  Farren ; 
by  an  implement  of  bone  presented  by  Mr  Farren ;  by  a  stone  axe-head 
presented  by  Mr  Paley;  and  by  some  iron  and  bronze  Anglo-Saxon  orna- 
ments presented  by  Mr  Brown, 

The  first  part  of  Mr  Searle's  History  o/Qtieens*  College  has  been  pub- 
lished during  the  past  year,  and  was  delivered  to  the  members,  in  No- 
▼ember  last,  as  No.  IX  of  the  series  of  the  Society's  Octavo  Publications. 
It  has  been  decided  that  Mr  Sandars's  Historical  and  Architectural  Notes 
en  Greai  St  Mary's  Church  shall  also  form  part  of  that  series.  It  is  now 
In  the  press. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  with  the  Committee  of  the  Albert 
Institute,  In  consequence  of  which  the  Society's  meetings  are  now,  and  will 
be  henceforth,  held  in  their  small  room.  For  some  time  past,  since  the 
lemoval  of  the  Philosophical  Society  to  the  New  Museums,  our  Society  has 
been  mdebted  to  the  Secretary  for  the  use  of  his  rooms  in  St  John's  College. 


u 


APPENDIX  B. 

Tbeauukeb's  Accoxtst  fob  the  yeab  ending 

May  18,  1868. 

Receipts. 

*.  d. 

Paj^msnU. 

Subscriptions: 

University  Press: 

For  1867     . 

.990 

Octavo    Publications, 

For  1868     . 

.  27    6  0 

No.  IX    .        .       . 

Arrears 

.440 

Life  Members     . 

.  21     0  0 

Sale  of  books: 

Treasurer    . 

11  0 

Deighton,  BeU  &  Co 

.  .    3  18  8 

;£66     8  8 

Balance,  May  20,  1867 

98    3  1 

Balance,  May  18, 1868 

£IQ4  11  9 

£.s.  d. 


90  10  0 


.  74    1  9 
£164  11  9 


Examined  and  approved, 

H.  Bi.  LuABD,  Auditor. 


APPENDIX  0. 

Offioebs  and  Council. 
May  18,  1868. 

[Those  marked  •  contintie  members  qf  Council  from  last  year.] 

President. 
Bey.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

Treasurer. 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  University  Librarian. 

Secreiarj/\ 
Rev.  Thomas  George  Bonney,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

Ordinary  Members, 
"^Edwin  Guest,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  F.R.S.,  Master  of  Gonville  and  Caius  Collegei 
*Rev.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  University  Begistmy. 
*Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
«John  Willis  Clark,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

^  Mr  Bonney  having  resigned  the  Secretaryship  Feb.  15,  1869,  the  Bev. 
Thomas  Brocklebaok,  M.A.,  King's  College,  was  appointed  to  fiU  the  office  until 
the  next  Annual  General  Meeting. 


15 

*Ref,  QeoTge  Williams,  B.D^  Ring's  College. 
*ReT.  Ridiard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
*Rey.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  CoUega 
*Bev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  College. 

Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.R.a,  St  John's  College,  Professor 
of  Botany. 

Rey.  William  Geoi^  Sear^  M.A.,  Qneens*  College. 

Rev.  John  Hailstone,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Bey.  Walter  William  Skeat»  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 


1868—1869. 

Nov.  2,  1868.     The  President  (Kev.  John  E  B.  Mayor)   in 

the  chair. 

Frofeesor  C.  C.  Babington  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  a 
yery  fine  and  perfect  (Roman)  earthenware  jar  from  Burwell  Fen,  near 
Bead  Lode. 

The  President  exhibited : 

(1)  A  series  of  bonds  'not  to  procure  dispensations  from  Rome ; ' 

(2)  The  first  set  of  college  statutes,  1516 ; 

(3)  An  old  register  containing  Bishop  Fisher's  funeral  sermon  on  the 
Lady  Margaret,  and  other  interesting  documents,  all  from  the  muniment 
room  of  St  John's  CollQge« 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  an  iron  shackle  which  he  had  purchased  for  the 
Bodetfs  MusemiL 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  a  stone  hammer  found  at  Swaffham  Fen, 
presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr  Fairen. 

Nov.  16,  1868.    The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

The  Prerident  exhibited  the  plans  and  other  documents  connected  with 
the  Second  Court  of  St  John's  Collie,  together  with  a  proposed  plan, 
aeoording  to  a  suggestion  by  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  for  the  Third  Court, 

Mr  Faley  exhibited  a  rubbing  of  the  inscription  on  a  bell  dated  1294. 

Feb.  16,  1869.    The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 
Mr  Luard  read  a  list  of  unusual  Latin  words,  and  asked  for  information 
about  theoL 


16 

March  2,  1869.     The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  W.  Aldis  Wright  read  a  transcript  of  a  paper  drawn  up  by  Dr 
Duporty  Deputy  Yice-Chancellor,  giving  an  account  of  the  proceedings  in 
the  Senate-house  at  the  election  of  Sir  Francis  Bacon  and  Dr  Bamabj 
Goche  as  Burgesses  of  Parliament  in  April  1614.  (See  Communications, 
VoL  ni,  No.  xvl) 

Mr  Paley  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  two  specimens  of 
flint  weapons  found  at  Grimes  Graves,  near  Thetford  in  Norfolk. 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  a  pilgrim's  leaden  ampulla  with  armorial  bear- 
ings (Thetford  1)  upon  it. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  some  cases  of  Chinese  and  Japanese  coins,  and 
made  some  remarks  on  their  peculiar  shapes,  inscriptions,  and  dates. 

Mr  Luard  exhibited  the  original  indenture  from  the  parish  chest  for  the 
erection  of  a  rood-loft  in  Great  Saint  Mary's  Church  in  the  year  1621. 
(See  this  document  printed  in  Mr  Sandars's  Hittorical  and  Arehiteetmrat 
Notes  on  that  church,  published  in  1869  as  No.  X  of  the  Society's  OctaTO 
Publications,  page  64.) 

April  19,  1869.    The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Luard  exhibited : 

(1)  An  earthenware  pot,  found  on  digging  out  the  foundations  of  the 
''Dog  and  Duck  "  public  house  now  demolished,  St  Mary's  Passage;  and 

(2)  Some  keys  found  when  dredging  the  bed  of  the  Cam  near  the  ool-  ' 
kges.    These  antiquities  are  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr  A.  Deck. 

May  3,  1869.     Twenty-ninth  Annual  General  Meeting.    The 
President  (Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  member  was  elected  : 
John  Cole,  Esq.,  BA.,  King's  College. 

Mr  Searle  communicated  an  account  of  the  coinage  of  Cambridgeshii^ 
containing  a  list  of  all  the  coins  and  tokens  known  or  recorded  to  have 
been  struck  in,  or  in  relation  to,  the  town,  university,  and  county  of  Cam- 
bridge. It  was  felt  that  it  would  add  materially  to  the  interest  and  com* 
pletenesa  of  the  work,  if  a  full  list  of  the  university  and  college  prise 
medals  could  be  added.  (This  was  done,  and  Mr  Searle's  List  was  sub- 
sequently published  in  November,  1871,  as  No.  XII  of  the  Society's  Octavo 
Publications.) 


17 


APPENDIX  A. 
Rkpobt  prbsbnted  to  thb  Gambbidob  Antiquabian  Sooiett  at   its 

TWBKTY-KINTH  ANNUAL  GeNEBAL  MEETINOy 

May  3,  1869. 

Yonr  Offioers  have  not  mach  to  report  concerning  the  actiyity  of  the 
Society  during  the  past  year. 

One  new  member  has  been  elected. 

Tarions  additions  have  been  made  to  the  Museum,  consisting  of  a  fine 
and  perfect  earthenware  jar,  of  Roman  work,  from  Burwell  Fen,  presented 
by  Professor  0.  0.  Babington ;  some  flint  weapons  from  Norfolk,  presented 
by  Mr  Paley;  and  an  earthenware  pot  from  the  old  *'  Dog  and  Duck"  inn 
in  St  Mary^B  Passage,  and  some  keys  found  in  dredging  the  river,  presented 
by  Mr  Deck. 

Mr  Sandars's  Note»  an  Oreai  St  Marys  Church  are  still  in  the  press, 
and  permission  has  been  obtained  that  the  Rev.  R  Venables'  Annals  qf 
the  Church,  which  were  originally  contributed  to  the  Proceedings  of  tlie 
Archseological  Institute,  may  accompany  it.  The  late  Mr  Clay's  History 
qfMiiton  having  been  found  to  be  far  advanced  towards  completion,  the 
manuscript  has  been  entrusted  to  Mr  Searle  to  carry  through  the  press,  as 
cue  of  the  Society's  octavo  publications.  As  both  of  these  works  are  now  well 
advanced,  it  is  probable  that  they  will  be  issued  by  the  end  of  next  Term. 
It  has  been  decided  further  to  print  the  second  volume  of  Mr  Searle*a 
HiUory  qf  Queens^  CoUeg4,  which  contains  the  period  from  1560  to  1662. 
This  is  also  in  the  press. 

APPENDIX  B, 

Tbeastjbeb's  Account  fob  thk  Ykab  en  din  o 

Mat  3,  1869. 


Receipts. 

Payments. 

£.  s.d. 

£.  s.d. 

Subscriptions : 

A1l)ert  Institute,  1  yrs.  rent  5    0  0 

Por  1868     . 

.220 

For  1869     . 

.  18  18  0 

Arrears 

.110 

Sale  of  Books: 

Deighton,  Bell  &  Co 

7  10  0 
£29  11  0 

Balance,  May  18, 1868 

.  74     1  9 

Balance,  May  3,  1869         .  98  12  9 

jei03  12  9 

;£i03  12  9 

Examined  and  approved, 

W.  M.  Pawcbtt,  Auditor. 

2 

18 

APPENDIX  0. 

Opfioebs  and  Coxtnoil. 

May  3,  1869. 

[Those  marked  *  eontinus  members  qf  Council  from  last  year.] 

President, 
Rot.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

Tre€uurer. 
Rey.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King^s  College. 

Secretary, 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  MA.,  King's  College,  Uniyersity  Librarian. 

Ordinary  Members. 
*John  Willis  Clark,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
*Rev.  Qeorge  Williams,  B.D.,  King*s  College. 
*ReY.  Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
*ReY.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.9  Magdalene  College. 
^Charles  Cardale   Babmgton,   Esq.,   MA.,   F.R.S.,   St   John's   College, 

Professor  of  Botany. 
*ReT.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 
*ReT.  John  Hailstone,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
^ReT.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 

Rev.  Thomas  Oeorge  Bonney,  B.D.,  St  John's  CoUega 

Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Rot.  Henry  Richards  Lnard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  UniTersity  Registraiy. 

Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 


1869—1870. 

Nov.  15,  1869.     The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 
The  President  exhibited  some  interesting  papers  and  documents  from 
the  Treasury  of  St.  John's  College.    Among  them  were : 

(1)  A  cartulary  of  the  hospital  at  Ospringe,  drawn  up  apparently  at  the 
end  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

(2)  An  exemption  of  St  John's  Hospital  in  Cambridge  from  dues  to 
the  church  of  All  Hallows,  and  a  grant  of  a  free  chantry  &om  the  convent 
of  St  Rhadegund ;  date  about  1190. 

(3)  An  account  book  of  the  building  of  old  St.  John's  college  chapd, 
with  some  entries  about  Bishop  Fisher's  monument 


19 

(4)  A  mortuarj  roll  of  the  house  of  St  Mary's  at  Lillecherch  in  Kent, 
sent  round  on  the  death  of  Ampelissa  the  prioress,  and  containing  the 
entries  on  separate  slips  of  parchment,  now  fastened  together,  of  the  prayers 
and  requests  for  prayers  in  return,  of  a  large  number  of  religious  houses 
in  different  parts. 

(5)  A  letter  to  the  Lady  Margaret  from  one  of  her  senrants,  giving  an 
account  of  the  visit  of  Philip  the  Fair,  King  of  Castile,  to  Henry  VII.  at 
Windsor,  January  31,  1505 ;  how  the  kings  went  to  mass  together  in 
St  Geoige's  chapel,  how  the  young  princesses  were  set  to  dance  before  the 
King  of  Castile,  how  he  was  taken  into  Windsor  Park  to  shoot,  never 
having  seen  deer  in  his  life  before,  and  how  he  shot  ten  or  twelve  with  lus 
own  cross-bow. 

Mr  Bonney  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  two  very  curious 
pieces  of  early  workmanship,  both  portions  of  antlers  of  red  deer.  One 
was  about  six  inches  in  length,  and  had  been  cut  into  shape  to  form  an  axe* 
head.  The  other  antler  had  lost  one  of  its  small  portions,  not  by  breaking 
but  by  cutting  off,  evidently  with  the  object  of  its  being  used  as  an  imple- 
ment of  some  kind.  Both  of  them  however,  from  the  position  in  which 
they  were  found,  gave  evidence  that  the  work  must  belong  to  an  early  age. 

Mr  Searle  communicated  to  the  Society  a  list  which  he  had  drawn  up 
of  Cambridge  books  and  pamphlets ;  not  so  much  books  printed  in  Cam- 
bridge, as  a  classified  account  of  all  the  books  and  single  sheets,  published 
or  privately  printed,  which  concern  the  University.  Inc<»nplete  as  such  a 
work  must  be  at  starting,  a  wish  was  expressed  that  the  list  might  be 
printed  and  circulated  as  the  most  effectual  way  of  gaining  additional 
materials. 

Nov.  29,  1869.     The  President  (Kev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

The  President  exhibited  several  books  and  documents  from  St  John's 
College  Treasury.    Am(mg  them  were : 

(1)  An  inventory  of  vestments,  plate,  kc,  belonging  to  the  Lady 
Margaret,  with  notes  showing  how  they  were  distributed  after  her  death. 

(2)  A  list  of  the  plate  belonging  to  the  old  house  of  St  John, 
21  Hen.  VIII. 

(3)  A  list  of  plate  received  from  Mr  Ashton's  executors  for  St  John  s 
CoUegei 

(4)  The  obligation  of  the  Collie  for  the  foundation  of  Ashton  Fellow- 
ships and  Scholarships. 

(5)  Beoeipts  for  army  taxes^  1652-— 1658,  for  the  parsonage  and  glebe 
of  Felmersham  and  Radwell. 

2-2 


20 

(6)  Heynes's  protocol  of  the  admission  of  Richard  Camberford  aod 
Richard  Swayne  as  Fellows  of  St  John's  College,  July  20, 1534. 

(7)  The  entry-book  for  all  things  borrowed  from  the  College  treasury, 
1561—1787. 

Mr  Kerrich  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  : 

(1)  Three  small  Roman  vases  found  near  Cambridge 

(2)  Two  pieces  of  Samian  ware,  one  of  them  with  a  stamp  AVBNTINI M. 

(3)  The  lower  half  of  a  drinking  vessel  (sixteenth  century  ?),  found  in 
Jesus  Lane. 


Feb.  28,  1870.     The  President  (Rev.  John  K  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Hailstone  exhibited  a  seal  representing  St  Lawrence,  found  in 
Bottisham  Fen. 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  a  flint  implement  of  bronze  form  imitated  in 
flint,  said  by  the  well-known  Cambridge  dealer,  from  whom  he  purchased 
it»  to  have  been  found  at  Woodbridge  in  Sufiblk.  On  investigation,  how- 
ever, it  appeared  that  it  was  really  Danish,  and  that  large  quantities  were 
found  in  Denmark  and  imported  into  this  country  at  a  small  price.  With 
it  was  another  of  the  same  kind.  Mr  Carter  said  that  these  were  never 
found  in  Engkmd,  but  that  many  antiquaries  were  deceived  by  them. 

Mr  Luard  exhibited  a  Chancellor's  gold  medal  gained  in  1810. 

Mr  Brocklebank  read  a  letter  from  Peter  Salmon  to  Samuel  Collins, 
Provost  of  King^s  College,  written  from  Padua  in  1630,  and  giving  some 
account  of  the  studies  and  lectures  there.  (See  CommuniealionM^  YoL  in. 
No.  xvii.) 


March  14,  1870.    The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Mayor)  in 

the  chair. 

Professor  C.  C.  Babington  exhibited  a  small  brass  figure  of  an  eccle- 
siastic, with  traces  of  enamel,  found  embedded  in  the  wall  (of  the  decorated 
period)  of  the  chancel  of  Conington  Church.  It  seems  as  if  it  might  have 
been  the  ornament  at  the  top  of  a  processional  cross. 

Mr  Wace  exhibited  a  rubbing  of  an  inscription  on  a  mural  tablet  near 
the  door  of  a  corn-mill  pulled  down  fifty  years  ago  near  Fountains  Abbey. 
It  is  difficult  to  decipher  the  whole  inscription,  but  the  date  1661  seems 
clearly  ^to  be  made  out. 


21 

May  9,  1870.    The  President  (Rev.  John  E.  B.  Ma)'or)   in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Kerrich  exhibited,  on  behalf  of  Mr  Theodore  Webb,  some  cariosities 
Utelj  found  at  Great  Gransden ;  among  other  things,  a  string  of  mixed 
beads  of  yarions  dates,  British,  Saxon,  and  later. 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  a  bronze  dagger  found  some  yean  ago  in 
Burwell  Fen,  presented  to  the  Society  by  the  Kev.  J.  W.  Cockshott,  of 
BurwelL 

Mr  Arthur  Blomfield  communicated  a  paper  (read  by  the  Secretary) 
containing  a  detailed  aoconnt  of  the  old  church  of  Fulboum  St  Vigor's,  as 
well  as  of  the  restoration  which  has  lately  been  completed  under  the 
direction  of  Mr  Blomfield  as  architect  (See  CommuniccUians,  Vol.  iii, 
No.  xvin.) 

The  President  exhibited  a  copy  of  a  book  entitled :  '^  Quatuor  orationes 
autore  Pawlet  St  John,  Coll.  D.  Job.  A.  B.**  (Oantabrigise,  Typis  Aca- 
demicis,  1705,  4to.).    It  is  a  yolume  of  College  declamations. 

May  23,  1870.  Thirtieth  Annual  General  Meeting.  Professor 
C.  C.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

8.  S.  Lewis,  Esq.,  B.A.,  of  Corpus  Christi  College^  was  introduced  to 
the  Society,  and  read  a  communication  relating  to  the  bronze  statuette 
found  several  years  ago  at  Earith  in  Huntingdonshire.  (The  substance 
of  this  paper  was  subsequently  [June  2,  1870]  communicated  to  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London,  and  printed  in  theur  Proceedings,  2nd 
Series^  Vol  4,  page  498.  It  will  also  be  found  with  two  illustrations  in  our 
Society's  Communications,  VoL  iii,  No.  xix.) 

Mr  Lnmby  exhibited  a  deed  of  the  xviith  Century,  relating  to  some 
inhabitants  of  Girton. 

APPENDIX  A, 

RbPORT    PBBSSNTED    to    the    CaMBBIDOE     A2VTIQUARIAN    SOOIETT  AT    ITS 

Thibtdsth  Annual  General  Meeting, 
May  23,  1870. 

The  proceedings  of  the  Society  during  the  past  year  afford  but  few 
materials  for  an  annual  review.  We  regret  to  say  that  we  have  no  accession 
of  new  members  to  report 

Steps  hare  been  taken  to  bring  about  a  fusion  of  the  Architectural 
Society  and  our  own.  The  matter  is  still  under  consideration,  but  the 
terms  of  union  haye  not  as  yet  been  agreed  upon. 

The  Museum  continues  to  increase  steadily.  A  few  antiquities  have 
been  presented,  among  which  we  may  single  oat  for  special  mention  the 
portions  of  antlers  of  red  deer,  presented  by  Mr  Bonney,  which  have 
been  rudely  formed  into  implements,  and  are  evidently  specimens  of  very 
early  workmanship. 


22 

The  Library  has  receiyed  daring  the  year  several  of  the  publications  of 
societies,  which  are  employed  upon  kindred  subjects  to  our  own,  both  in 
this  country  and  on  the  continent,  as  well  as  in  America. 

Since  the  last  Report^  the  two  Publications  in  the  octavo  series  there 
mentioned  as  being  nearly  ready,  have  been  issued  to  members.  No.  X, 
Mr  Sandars'  Historical  and  Architectural  Notes  on  Great  St  Marias 
Church  with  Mr  Venables'  Annals  of  the  Churchy  was  published  in 
November;  and  No.  XI,  tlio  late  Mr  Clay's  History  qf  Milton,  edited  by 
Mr  Searle,  was  published  in  January.  The  second  volume  of  Mr  Searle'a 
History  qf  Queens'  College  (1560 — 1662)  is  still  in  the  press. 

Since  Kaster,  the  New  Museums  and  Lecture  Room  Syndicate  has 
granted  to  the  Society  the  use  of  the  Optical  and  Astronomical  Lecture 
lloom  for  our  meetings ;  a  step  which  we  are  perhaps  entitled  to  look  upon 
as  an  advance  towards  a  further  recognition  of  the  Society's  existence 
and  usefulness  by  the  general  body  of  the  University. 

APPENDIX  B. 

TfiSAsuBKB's  Account  fob  the  Ybab  bxdinq 

May  23,  1870. 

See   ne^t    Year, 

APPENDIX  C. 

Officebs  and  Council. 

May  23,  1870. 

[Those  marked  *  continue  members  qf  Council  from  last  year,] 

President. 

Charles   Cardale   Babington,   Esq.,   M.A,   F.R.S.,   St   John*s   College, 

Professor  of  Botany. 

Treasurer, 
Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 

Secretary, 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  Univemity  Libnurian. 

Ordinary  Members, 
*Rev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.-,  Magdalene  College. 
"^Rev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A,  Queens'  College. 
*Rev.  John  Hailstone,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
*Rev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  Collefiie. 
*Rev.  Thomas  George  Bonney,  B.D.,  St.  John's  College. 
*Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
♦Rev.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College, 
♦Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Rev.  Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq.,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
William  Milner  Fawcett,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 


23 

APPENDIX  D. 

List  of  Pbssbnts  du&ino  thb  Tjcab  ending 
Mat  23,  1870. 

ANTiQurriBi. 
Fr<im  the  Rec.  T.  G.  Bonney: 

Two  portioiiB  of  antlers  of  red  deer,  formed  into  implements.    Very 
early  work. 
From  the  Rev.  J.  W,  CockshoU : 

A  bronxe  dagger,  found  in  Borwell  Fen. 
From  the  Rev,  R.  E,  Kerrich  : 

Three  small  Roman  vase& 

Two  pieces  of  Samian  ware. 

The  lower  half  of  a  drinking  vessel  (xviih  century  X). 

Books. 
From  the  Society  qf  Antiquaries  qf  London: 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.  2nd  series,  YoL  iv.  Nos.  3—6.  Bvo.  London. 
From  the  SiMffoUc  InetitiUe  of  Archceology  and  Natural  History : 

Qoarterly  Journal  of  the  Instituta    VoL  L  Nos.  1,  2.    8to.  Bury  St 
Edmunds,  1869. 
From  the  Sussex  Archceological  Society : 

Sussex  Archaeological  Collections.    Vol  xxl   8vo.  Lewes,  1869. 
From  the  Historic  Society  qf  Lancashire  and  Cheshire: 

Transactions  of  the  Society.  New  series,  Vol  Tin.  8yo.  Liverpool,  1868. 
From  the  Kilkenny  and  S.  R.  qf  Ireland  Archaeological  Society : 

Proceedings  and  Papers  of  the  Society.    No.  57.    8vo.  Dublin,  1868. 
From  the  Royal  Historical  and  Archaeological  Association  qf  Ireland: 

Journal  of  the  Association.    3rd  series,  VoL  I.  Nos,  4—6.   8vo,  Dublin, 
1868—69. 
fVofft  the  Smithsonian  Institution  : 

Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  Regents  for  1867.  8yo.  Washington,  1868. 
From  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade  : 

Tenth  annual  statement  of  the  trade  and  commerce  of  Chicago,  to 
31st  March,  1868.    8to.  Chicago,  186a 
From  MM,  les  ArchiAogues  de  Saone-et-Loire  : 

Mat6riaux  d'archMogie  et  dliistoire.    Notices  et  dessins.  No.  1.  8to. 
ChUons-sor-Saone,  1869. 
From  the  University  qfChrisiiania  : 

Thomas  Saga  Erkibyskops.    Udgiyen  af  C.  F.  Unger.    8to.  Christiania, 
1869. 

Three  Extracts  from  the  Transactions  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences.  8vo. 


24 

From  J,  H.  Parker,  Esq.  : 

Catalogue  of  1600  photographs  illustrative  of  the  archaeology  of  Rome. 
Part  3.    8vo.  Oxford,  1869. 

The  Lupercal  of  AuguRtns,  the  Cave  of  Picus  and  Faunus,  and  the 
Mamertine  Prison.    A  lecture  by  Dr  F.  Gori  and  J.  H.  Parker.    8vo.  1869. 

Report  of  proceedings  of  the  British  Archaeological  Society  of  Rome, 
1^,69—69.    No.  3.    8vo. 

Treasurer's  Report  of  the  Roman  fand  for  archaeological  investigations 
and  excavations.    8vo.  1869. 
From  the  Author : 

Etudes  historioo-gSographiqnes.    P  Etude.    Par  Alexandre  Maguo  de 
Castilho.    8vo.  Lisbonne,  1869. 


1870—1871. 

Nov.  21,  1870.    The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  a  book  containing  the  engraved  device  of 
Nicolaus  Gotz  of  Sletzstat,  the  Cologne  printer  (1470 — 1480);  and  read  a 
communication  on  the  subject,  illustrated  by  Brulliot's  photographs  from 
early  engravings  in  the  Munich  collection  and  others,  showing  that  the 
device  in  question  afforded  evidence,  hitherto  overlooked,  of  the  history  of 
what  are  called  Gravures  cribl/es  (Schrotblatter)  or  punctured  prints. 
(See  Communications,  Vol.  iii,  No.  xx.) 

Mr  Bradshaw  exhibited  a  copy  of  the  Salisbury  Primer  or  Horw,  be- 
longing to  the  Lambeth  library,  and  containing  several  engravings  fastened 
into  it ;  among  them  one  on  copper  representing  St  Catherine  of  JSiceden 
crowned  by  angels,  wiili  the  date^Ex  teneramunda'(Dendermonde,  between 
Ghent  and  Mechlini,  and  the  signature  G.  M.,  the  engraver  of  the  Chrht 
in  the  House  at  Bethatip  noticed  at  a  previous  meeting  of  the  Society. 
(For  a  detailed  description  of  tliese  two  engravings  by  a  little-known 
Belgian  artist  of  the  close  of  the  rvth  century,  see  Communicatwtts, 
Vol  III,  No.  XXI.) 

Mr  J.  Carter  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society,  in  the  name  of 
Mr  Octavius  Green  of  Chesterford,  some  portions  of  a  Roman  sittUa,  con- 
sistiug  of  the  bronze  handle,  the  fastenings  and  joints  of  which  are  will 
ornamented  and  fhow  traces  of  red  enamel ;  and  also  portions  of  three 
hoops,  and  fragments  of  the  wooden  staves.  Accompanying  thepe  remains 
were  found  portions  of  the  mouth  of  a  bronze  vessel,  also  a  small  brouzo 
handle,  and  a  number  of  round  jflattened  polished  caJculL  These  objects 
were  discovered  recently  at  Groat  Chesterford. 


25 

Dec.  5.  1870.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  BabmgtoD)in  the 

chair. 

J.  K.  Law,  Esq.,  of  Christ's  College,  was  introduced  to  the  Society,  and 
exhibited  seTeral  curiosities  which  he  had  boiv^ht,  or  which  had  been 
found  during  some  alterations  ktely  made  at  Christ's  College.  The  Pre- 
sident^ however,  and  Mr  Searle,  showed  that  they  were,  one  and  all,  for- 
geries, and  some  of  them  of  a  type  yery  familiar  to  antiquaries. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  a  medal  struck  in  commemoration  of  the  present 
Lord  Roystou's  attaining  his  majority. 

March  6,  1871.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

The  President  mentioned  the  report  of  the  discovery,  said  to  have  been 
made,  of  a  Kjman  vilhi  at  Hanzton,  just  beyond  the  mill,  where  they  are  now 
digging  ooprolites.  But  on  going  over  to  Hauxton,  to  see  what  foundation 
there  was  for  the  report,  two  broken  Roman  tiles,  and  two  slabs  of  freestone, 
which  might  be  of  any  age,  were  all  the  remains  which  he  could  see.  The 
President  and  Mr  Bonney  afterwards  found  a  square  brick,  which  might  be 
a  te$$era,  in  one  of  the  fields  ac^oining.  Being  near  a  junction  of  two 
streams  and  near  a  ford,  it  is  possible  that  there  was  a  ferry  house  here  in 
former  times.    The^e  are  all  the  results  that  could  be  obtained. 

8.  S.  Lewis,  Esq.,  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  was  introduced  to  the 
Society;  and  exhibited  a  photograph  of  the  Greek  bronze  ram  preserved  in 
the  museum  at  Palermo,  and  read  a  communication  on  the  subject  (This 
paper  was  at  first  printed,  with  a  lithographed  illustration,  in  the  Cam- 
bridge Journal  qf  PhUology,  VoL  rv,  page  67.  It  will  also  be  found, 
without  the  illustration,  in  the  Society's  Communications,  Vol.  in.  No. 

XXII.) 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited  a  model  ^  of  the  *Lake  pile-dwelliugs,'  with 
groups  of  their  inhabitants  engaged  in  various  occupations,  constructed  on 
materials  carefully  gathered  by  Professor  F.  Keller,  of  Ziirich ;'  and  gave 
the  following  account  of  what  is  at  present  known  concerning  them.  It  was 
in  the  dry  winter  of  1853 — 4,  that  the  discovery  of  some  charred  piles 
near  Ober-Meilen,  on  the  lake  of  Zurich,  lod  to  researches,  which  have 
enabled  us  to  form  a  pretty  accurate  idea  of  the  life  and  habits  of  Swii^s 
lake-dwellers  in  pre-liistoric  times.  From  distrust  of  neighbours,  as  much 
to  be  dreaded  as  the  beasts  of  prey,  they  seem  at  Orst  with  only^i'n^  imple- 
ments (such  as  are  frequently  found  in  the  feus  of  Cambridgeshire)  to  have 
built  houses  in  groups  of  five  or  six  togetlier,  supported  on  piles,  and  con- 
nected by  a  narrow  bridge  40  to  50  feet  long  with  the  mainland.    These 

1  These  models  arc  to  be  obtained  at  the  Hotel  Euler  at  Basle  for  a  moderate 
sum. 


26 

hamlets  appear  to  have  been  more  than  once  destroyed  by  fire,  and  as 
combustion  in  charcoal  renders  textile  fabrics  almost  imperishable^  we  can 
prove  from  actual  remains  a  high  degree  of  skill  in  spinning,  weaving, 
plaiting,  &c.,  on  the  part  of  these  lake-dwellers,  the  mention  of  whom  by 
u£schylus  (Pers.  865)  and  Herodotus  (v.  16)  more  than  4i  centuries  before 
our  era,  thus  receives  apt  and  ample  illustration.  Though  for  many  ages 
unacquainted  with  the  use  of  metal  (for  their  only  weapons  seem  to  have 
been  slings,  cross-bows,  and  flint-pointed  lances  and  axes),  these  primitive 
tribes  were  not  only  skilful  hunters  and  fishermen,  but  cultivated  various 
kinds  of  spring-wheat,  oats,  barley,  flax,  and  other  cereals,  and  stalled  large 
herds  of  cattle  in  sheds  acUacent  to  their  own  houses,  when  winter  had  cut 
them  off  from  the  neighbouring  pastures.  The  wheat  and  barley,  it  may 
be  remarked,  are  identical  in  kind  with  those  found  on  the  coins  of  Meta- 
pontum  and  Leontini,  dating  fW)m  the  fifth  century  before  our  era.  The 
presence  of  seed  of  at  least  two  kinds  of  weed  (the  Cretan  catch>fly  and  the 
com  blue-bottle)  indigenous  not  in  Switzerland,  but  in  Southern  Europey 
also  suggests  that  Italy  or  Sicily  were  the  countries  from  which  these  lake- 
dwellers  sought  their  seed-corn.  In  their  later  days  bronze  seems  to  have 
taken  the  place  of  flint,  bone,  and  horn,  for  the  manufacture  of  implements^ 
and,  as  might  be  expected  from  the  growth  of  intelligence,  hamlets  which 
yield  traces  of  metal  (hom&-manu&ctured  apparently,  for  a  casting-mould 
has  been  found  at  Merges,  on  the  Lake  of  Geneva)  are  built  deeper  in  the 
water  and  further  from  the  shore  than  those  of  earlier  date.  N<h-  were 
they  without  thought  of  a  Supreme  Power ;  on  more  than  one  site  a  rudely- 
sculptured  crescent  has  been  found,  which  probably  had  its  place  over  the 
house-door  to  receive  worship  and  bestow  protection.  In  some  cases  the 
rapid  under-growth  of  peat,  in  others  fire  driven  by  the  still  most  destruc- 
tive  south  wind  (Fohnwind),  led  to  the  migration  of  the  inhabitants^  and 
probably  the  civilization  brought  in  by  the  Romans  induced  them  to  find 
peace  and  security  in  towns  beside^  rather  than  over,  the  water. 

Mr  Paley  exhibited  a  number  of  coins  and  tokens,  among  which  was  one 
representing  the  Three  Tuns,  the  sign  of  an  inn  still  existing  on  the  Castle 
hill  opposite  the  County  Courts. 

March  20, 1871.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 
The  following  new  member  was  elected: 
Rev.  James  Porter,  M.A.  St  Peter's  College. 

Mr  Kerrich  exhibited  a  brass  clock  belonging  to  Mrs  Crisp  of  King's 
Parade.  On  the  right  side  is  a  likeness  believed  to  be  that  of  Ring 
Charles  IL  and  on  the  left  another  portrait  The  clock  is  supported  by 
four  figures  of  seventeenth  century  work,  two  of  which  are  supposed  to 
represent  Rochester  and  Nell  Gwynne. 


27 

Mr  Fawcett  exhibited  several  pieces  of  old  glass  with  coats  of  arms, 
from  Waterbeach  church : 

(1)  A  fess  between  three  animals. 

(2)  A  hare,  part  of  a  shield  bearing  a  fess  between  two  hares  conchant, 
qiL  if  Sir  Thoe.  Harewood,  49  Edw.  III.? 

(3)  Sable,  a  fess  or,  between  three  reynards  passant. 

(4)  Outt  impaling  Kada  (Ronth) :  on  a  bend  engrailed,  three  roundels 
Impaling  acheYTOu  between  three  bugle  horns  stringed.  A  Sir  John  Cutt 
in  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.  was  the  son  of  Sir  John  Cutt  and  Elizabeth  de 
Ruda. 

May  8,  1871.    The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

The  Secretary  exhibited,  on  behalf  of  Mr  S.  S.  Lewis  of  Corpus  Christ! 
College,  (1)  a  Roman  pocillum  found  in  a  field  west  of  Storey's  Almshouses, 
and  (^  a  denariui  of  Hadrian. 

Mr  Banks  exhibited  (through  the  Secretary) : 

(1)  An  InshJUnUa^  from  Ballycroy,  co.  Mayo. 

(2)  Two  touchstones,  found  in  Cottenham  parish. 

(3)  Amedieralseal;  and 

(4)  A  denariut  of  Vespasian,  with  the  busts  of  Titus  and  Domitian  face 
to  face. 

Mr  Lumby  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  a  pair  of  hobblers 
obtained  recently  from  the  Barnwell  grayel  hole. 

May  22,  1871.    Thirty-first  Annual  General   Meeting.     The 
President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Searle  gave  some  account  of  an  installatioH  medal  of  Prince  Albert, 
of  which  the  Prince  took  25  copies,  but  none  are  now  known.  Mr  Searle 
stated  tiiat  Messrs  Hunt  and  Roskell  have  the  dies^  and  that  he  was 
anxious  to  know  where  any  of  the  medals  were  to  be  seen. 

APPENDIX  A. 
Repobt  pbessnted  to  the  Cambridgb  Antiquarian  Societt  at  its 
Thibtt-fibst  Annual  GisNKBAL  Mketino, 
May  22,  1871. 
The  chief  event  of  the  past  year  has  been  the  formal  union  of  the  Anti- 
quarian and  Architectural  Societies.    At  the  last  Annual  Qeneral  Meeting 
of  our  Society  your  OflScers  reported  that  the  fusion  had  betn  proposed, 
and  was  under  consideration.    We  have  now  further  to  report  that,   the 
Arcbitectnral  Society  having  wound  up  its  own  afiairs,  the  two  Societies 
hare  become  united  on  the  following  terms: 


28 


(1)  All  the  property  of  the  Arcliitectural  Society  becomes  the  property 
of  the  Antiquarian  Society. 

(2)  The  life-members  of  the  Architectaral  Society  are  considered  life- 
members  of  the  Antiquarian  Society,  so  far  as  the  privilege  of  attending 
meetings  is  concerned,  and  consulting  the  library :  but  not  so  as  to  include 
any  right  to  the  Antiquarian  Society's  publications. 

(3)  The  subscribing  members  of  the  Architectural  Society  are  admitted 
as  subscribing  members  of  the  Antiquarian  Society,  on  paying  the  usual 
subscription  of  the  Antiquarian  Society. 

Independently  of  this  arrangement,  one  new  member  has  joined  our 
Society. 

A  few  accessions  to  the  Museum  and  Library  will  be  found  recorded 
in  the  list  of  presents. 

It  has  been  decided  to  print  Mr  Scarlets  List  qf  Coins,  Tokens,  and 
Medals,  of  the  Town,  County  and  University  qf  Cambridge,  as  one  of  the 
Society's  Octayo  Publications.  It  is  now  in  the  press ;  and  with  the  same 
author's  History  qf  Queens^  College,  Part  2  (1560—1662),  which  is  neariy 
finished,  will  probably  be  published  and  distributed  to  the  members  m  the 
ensuing  autumn. 


APPENDIX  B. 

Tbbasubeb's  Aooount  poe  thb  Two  Yeabs  ending 

May  22,  1871. 

Payments. 


Receipts. 


£.  s.  d. 


Subscriptions: 

For  1869 

.    5    6 

0 

For  1870 

.  18  18 

0 

For  1871       . 

.  14  14 

0 

Arrears 

.    6    6 

0 

Life  Member 

.  10  10 

0 

Sale  of  Books : 

Deighton,  Bell  and  Oc 

L     2  13 

6 

Macmillan  and  Co. 

.    2  17 

9 

Balance   from   Cambridge 

Architectural  Society 

.    7    7 

8 

£68  11 

n 

Balance,  May  3,  1869 

98  12 

9 

;ei67     4 

8 

University  Press,  1870j 
Octavo  Publications,  I 
Nos.  X.  and  XI         I 

University  Press,  1871 


£,  s.  d. 


71  19  0 


11  6 


^£72  10  6 


Balance,  May  22, 1871       .  94  14J 

£167    48 


Examined  and  approved, 

Walteb  W.  Skeat,  Auditor, 


29 

APPENDIX  C. 

Officebs  and  Council. 

May  22,  1871. 

\^Tho$e  marked  *  continue  members  cf  Council  from  last  year.] 

President, 

GharioB  Gardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.KS.,  St  John's  College,  Professor  . 

of  Botan  J. 

Treasurer. 
Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 

Secretary. 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  EJng's  College,  University  Librarian. 

Ordinary  Members. 
♦Rev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
♦Rer.  Thomas  George  Bonney,  B.D.,  St  John's  College. 
*Rev.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

♦Rev.  Henry  Richards  Loard,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  University  Registrary. 
♦Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 
♦Rer.  Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
♦Frederick  Charles  Waee,  Esq.,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
♦William  Milner  Fawcett,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 
Rev.  Samael  Banks,  M.A. 

Rev.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
Rev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 
Rev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  College. 

APPENDIX  D. 

List  of  Pkesbnts  during  thb  yeab  ending 

May  22,  1871. 

Antiquities. 
From  Octatius  Greeny  Esq. : 

Portions  of  a  Roman  situla,  &c.  found  at  Great  Chesterford. 
From  the  Rev.  J.  R.  LumJby: 

A  pair  of  hobblers,  from  the  Barnwell  grayel  hole. 

BooKa 

From  the  Society  qf  A  ntiquaries  qf  London :  •  ' 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.    3  Parta    8vo. 
From  the  Suffolk  ImtUute  qf  Archaeology  and  Natural  History: 

Proceedings  of  the  Institute.    1  Part    8vo« 


30 

Fr<ym  the  Swsex  AreluBological  Society: 

Sussex  Archaeological  Collections.    VoL  22.    Syo.    Lewes,  1870. 
Fr(mi  the  Historic  Society  qf  Lancashire  and  Cheshire: 

Transactioiis.    New  Series.    VoL  10.    Syo. 
Frtrni  the  Royal  Historical  and  Archceological  Association  qf  Ireland: 

Journal  of  the  Association.    4  Parts.    8vo. 
From  the  Societe  Acadimique  de  Maine  et  Loire: 

M6moires.    Tome  21. 
From  the  Smithsonian  Institution: 

Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  Regents,  for  1868.    dvo.    Washington, 
1869. 


1871—1872. 

Nov.  20,  1871.    The  PresideDt  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair, 

Mr  Bradshaw  read  a  paper  on  the  oldest  written  renudns  of  the  Welsh 
language,  in  connexion  with  his  recent  discovery,  in  Corpus  Christi 
College  library,  of  a  copy  of  Martianus  Capella  (mb.  153)  containing  a  mass 
of  interlinear  Latin  and  Old  Welsh  glosses,  in  a  handwriting  apparently  as 
old  as  any  Welsh  writing  known  to  exist  (See  CommunicatUms^  VoL  m, 
No.  xsuL) 

Mr  Luard  exhibited,  on  behalf  of  the  Rev.  B.  J.  Stewart,  a  transcript 
of  a  register  of  some  property  belonging  to  the  monastery  of  Ely. 

Dec.  4,  1871.    The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

tbe  chair. 

The  following  new  member  was  elected : 
Samuel  Sarage  Lewis,  Esq.,  B.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

Mr  Paley  read  a  paiper  on  the  West  Towers  of  York  Minster.  (See 
Communications^  VoL  in,  No.  xxiv.) 

March  4,  1872.     The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  a  bronze  ornament  or  Tessel  of  an  almost  unique 
kind  (only  one  other  specimen  being  known),  found  at  Famdale  in  tho 
North  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  and  now  in  the  possession  of  John  Thumanrif 
Esq.,  M.D.,  of  Devizes.    Coins  of  the  time  of  Constantino  were  found  near 


31 

it,  and  it  was  supposed  to  be  Romano-British ;  but  the  Blight  ornamenta- 
tion, cm  each  side  of  the  ring  part,  seems  to  contradict  this  view. 

Mr  Paley  drew  attention  to  an  inscription  on  a  square  flat  stone  in  the 
floor  of  the  Lady  Chapel  at  Peterborough,  running  as  follows : 

lOHANNES  BRIMBLE 
Col.  D.  Johan.  in  Cant 
Alumnus  et  Organista 
Musis  et  musicae  deuotissimus 
Ad  Ccdlestem  eyectus  Academiam 
25  Julii 
JDom.  1670. 
-^"'lAetat.    17. 
The  words  seem  to  imply  that  the  boy  was  organUta,  as  well  as  aiumuui, 
of  the  College ;  but  there  appears  to  be  no  trace  of  the  existence  of  an 
oigan  in  St.  John*s  College  chapel  before  the  eighteenth  century. 

March  18,  1872.    The  President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in 

the  chair. 
Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  Two  mutilated  paieras  of  Samian  ware,  one  bearing  an  inscription, 
whidi  may  be  read  PATBRNl  OF,  the  other  with  an  inscription  almost 
effiiced,  certainly  a  name  containing  V,  perhaps  TVCCI. 

(2)  The  back  of  a  skull  of  a  large  size. 

(3)  An  oUa  of  white  ware,  in  very  good  preservation. 

(4)  A  narrow-necked  bottle,  or  ampulla^  also  of  white  ware,  all  recently 
found  near  Croyden  in  this  county. 

(5)  A  silver  seal,  representing  a  monk  bearing  on  his  back  a  sheaf  in 
which  a  female  figure  is  more  than  half  concealed  In  his  other  hand  is  a 
basket,  which  he  is  carrying  to  his  cell  The  seal  appears  to  belong  to  the 
reign  of  Charies  II. 

(6)  A  spur  of  the  XYth  century. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  some  French  and  Eastern  coins. 

Mr  Luard  communicated  to  the  Society  a  letter  from  the  Duke  of 
Exeter  to  the  University  in  favour  of  one  Guy  Wiseham,  who  was  going  to 
attend  the  General  Council  in  the  ensuing  May,  probably  the  21st  session 
of  the  CouncO  of  Constance,  which  was  held  in  May  1416.  (See  Commu^ 
nietUiongy  Vol  in,  l^o.  xxy.) 

May  6, 1872.  The  Treasurer  (Rev.  T.  Brocklebank)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Bradshaw  laid  before  the  Society,  by  permission  of  the  R^gistrary, 
a  complete  series  of  the  Forms  of  Commemoration  of  Benefactors  used  by 
authority  in  the  University  Church  since  the  first  half  of  the  seventeenth 


32 

century,  showing  the  gradual  changes  which  had  taken  pkioe.  The  Statates 
of  Queen  Elizabeth  provide  a  form  of  service  for  the  Commeuioratiou  of 
Benefactors  to  be  used  in  Colleges,  but  make  no  mention  of  any  form  to  be 
used  by  the  University.  Before  the  Reformation,  the  kaleudars  in  the 
two  Proctors'  books  (now  in  the  Registry)  contained  the  days  on  wliich 
exequies  were  to  be  said  for  particular  benefactors ;  and  it  seems  to  hu\  e 
been  left  in  some  measure  to  the  preacher  afterwards  to  take  such  notice 
as  he  thought  proper  of  the  principal  perbons  who  had  contributed  to  the 
well-being  of  the  University.  By  a  Grace,  however,  passed  Feb.  11, 1639 
[1639 — 40j,  when  Dr  John  Cosin  was  Vice-Chancellor,  a  Syndicate  waa 
appointed  ''qui  authoritate  vestra  communiti  Acta  publica  revolva:.t^ 
Archiva  consulant,  prasdicta  Nomina  beueficiaque  excribant,  colligant  et 
in  ordiuem  dispouaut,  eorumque  numerum  ac  recensiouem  manibus  sols 
subsignatam  ante  Fcstum  8"  Lucse  proximo  secuturum  [Oct  18,  1640]  hie 
in  plena  congregatione  vobis  reprsesenteut."  This  Recensio  Bentfactorunu, 
it  next  appears,  ^  recitata  fuit  per  eundem  Procancellariuni  in  plena  oou> 
gregatione  Octob.  10™»,  1640,  et  repetita  (sermone  vulgari)  17™*  ejusdem 
mensis."  In  the  earliest  of  the  Commemoration  Books  in  the  Registry, 
this  Grace  and  statement  is  immediately  followed  by  the  Latin  form,  and 
this  again  by  the  same  in  English. 

After  a  time  this  Form  became  insufficient,  and  by  Grace,  March  6, 1667 
[1667—8],  a  Syndicate  was  appointed,  in  cou»equcnce  of  so  many  names 
old  and  new  being  omitted,  **  ut  eorum  omnium  namiua  Catalogo  inseran- 
tur,  et  ne  hac  insertioue  tumultoaria  Commemoraiioiiis  ordo  violetur,  aut 
ipsa  nimis  prolixa  eyadat,  Gommemoratio  tota  recognoscatur,  et  in  lacu- 

lentum  ordinem  ea  qua  par  est  brevitato  redigatur et  Gommemoratio 

ita  recognita  ante  Festum  Divi  Johannis  Baptistie  [Jun.  24,  1668]  rcpra^ 
sentetur."  This  Grace,  and  the  newly  revised  Form  of  Conmiemoration 
(now  only  in  English),  follow  on  in  the  same  volun^e  as  the  previous  Formsw 
A  large  number  of  erasures  and  alterations  have  been  made  in  it  as  they 
were  required  from  time  to  time  j  and  one  or  two  Graces  follow,  to  the 
same  effect. 

So  far  the  earliest  volume.  The  next  contains  the  revision  of  1739 — 40. 
A  Syndicate  was  appointed  July  3,  1739  (to  which  the  name  of  Dr  Ashton, 
Master  of  Jesus  College,  was  added  by  a  further  Grace  of  July  3,  1740),  to 
amend,  correct  and  supply  the  existing  Form ;  and  whatever  was  agreed 
upon  by  them  was  to  hold  good  and  be  used.  This  Grace  is  followed  by 
the  new  Form ;  which,  in  its  turn,  has  been  subjected  to  various  erasures 
and  alterations,  to  meet  the  altered  circumstances. 

The  third  volume  remaining  in  the  Registry  is  a  copy  of  the  Form 
which  is  now  in  use.  This  third  revision  has  no  date  j  no  Grace  is  prefixed 
to  it,  but  it  must  have  been  made  about  1780.  This  also  bears  the  marks 
of  a  large  number  of  insertions,  made  from  time  to  time,  during  a  period 
of  nearly  a  century ;  but  though  the  original  scheme  of  the  Form  of  1639 


S3 

is  stiU  yisible  through  the  various  additions  and  alterations  which  hare 
been  made,  without  any  due  consideration,  by  successive  VtcerChancellors, 
it  is  very  dimly  visible ;  and  the  time  has  certainly  come  when  a  thorough 
ind  careful  revision  of  the  whole  Form  ought  to  be  undertaken  by  the 
University.  A  Syndicate  was  appointed  June  3,  1869,  ''qui  deliberent 
num  quid  vel  in  mode  commemorandi  Academise  Benefactores  vel  in  Libro 
Benefiictonmi  mutandum  sit,"  and  after  spending  two  yean  upon  the 
work,  and  reporting  from  time  to  time,  eventually  presented  a  Report 
iriiich  did  not  give  satisfaction,  and  the  Form  was  rejected;  but  it  is 
probable  that  the  matter  will  soon  be  considered  again.  (A  fresh  Syndicate 
for  this  purpose  was  appointed,  Dec.  14, 1872,  with  the  same  instructions 
as  the  last ;  and  after  more  than  one  tentative  Report,  the  Form  suggested 
by  tiiem  was  confirmed  by  the  Senate,  Jan.  4, 1873,  and  is  to  be  found 
m  the  subsequent  editions  of  the  Ordinatiane*  Aeademias  Cantdbrigiefuii.) 

June  3,  1872.     Thirty-second  Annual  General  Meeting.    The 
President  (Professor  C.  C.  Babington)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected  : 
John  Halsey  Law,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  CoU^a 
Rev.  George  Forrest  Browne,  M.A.,  St.  Catharine's  College 

Mr  Luard  exhibited  a  brass  coin  of  the  Empress  Crispina,  the  wife  of 
Gttmmodus,  dug  up  last  week  in  the  field  belonging  to  the  Cambridge 
Industrial  School 

Mr  Fawcett  exhibited : 

(1)  Some  antiquities  found  in  digging  the  foundation  for  the  Museum 
of  Experimental  Physics ;  and 

(2)  A  large  brass  coin,  apparently  of  Hadrian. 

Mr  Bradshaw  communicated  some  notes  respecting  the  earlier  portraits 
in  the  University  Libraiy,  and  especially  that  of  King  Charles  I.  when 
I>uke  of  York.  This  was  known  to  have  been  i>ainted  at  the  expense  of 
the  University,  but  Mr  Bradshaw  had  just  recently  discovered,  fh>m  the 
painter's  receipt,  the  fSact  that  it  was  executed  by  Robert  Peake,  an  artist 
of  whose  work  no  specimen  has  hitherto  been  known  to  exist  (See  Com- 
fnunicatiom.  Vol.  m,  No.  xxyi.) 

APPENDIX  A. 

BSPOBT    PRE8ENTSD    TO   THE  CaMBBII>GB    AnTIQVABIAN    SoOIBTT    AT    ITS 

Thiett-seoond  Aknital  General  Meeting, 
JcNB  3,  1872. 
I>nriiig  the  past  year  three  new  members  have  beefi  elected. 
Two  books  have  been  added  to  the  list  of  the  Society's  octavo  series  of 

3 


34 

Pablicattons.  No.  XII,  The  Ooiiu,  Tokens,  and  MeddU  qf  the  Town, 
County,  and  University  qf  Oanibridge,  and  No.  XIII,  The  HieUny  of 
Queens^  College,  Pari  2  (1560—1662),  both  by  Mr  Searie,  were  distributed 
to  our  members  last  November.  It  has  been  decided  to  publish  as  a 
further  yolume  of  the  same  series,  The  Hietory  and  Antiquitiee  of  the 
parish  qf  Bottisham  and  the  priory  qf  Anglesey,  which  Mr  Edward 
Hailstone^  Jun.,  has  for  some  time  been  preparing,  and  towards  which  his 
late  father,  the  Rev.  John  Hailstone,  had  made  considerable  collections. 


APPENDIX  B. 

Tebasvrbr's  Aooouitf  for  thb  Tbab  kndiko 
Junk  3,  1872. 


Receipts. 


£.  s.d. 


Subscriptions : 

For  1871         .       . 

.    7    7  0 

For  1872 

.  16  16  0 

Arrears 

.7    70 

Life  Members,  1871 

.  10  10  0 

1872 

.  21     0  0 

;£63    0  0 

Balance,  May,  1871    . 

.  94  14  2 

;£157  14  2 

Paymmis, 

£.  s.<L 
University  Press : 
Octavo       Publications, 
Nos.  XII,  XIII   .        .  113  16  0 
Sundries,  per  Treasurer  .     5    16 

£118  17  6 


Balance,  June^  1872 


.    38  16  8 
£157  14  8 


Examined  and  approved, 

Waltbb  W.  Skeat;  Auditor. 


APPENDIX  C. 

Ofhosbs  and  Council. 
JvNi  3,  1872. 

[Those  marked  *  continue  members  qf  Council  from  last  year.] 

President. 
Rev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 

Treasurer. 
Rev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 


35 

Secretary, 
Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  Collie,  Umvenity  Librarian. 

Ordinary  Members, 
*ReT.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A.,  Trinity  Coll^e^  Univeruty  Registrary. 
^Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A« 
^Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq.,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
^William  Milner  Fawcett^  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesos  CoUega 
*KeT.  Samuel  Banks,  M.A. 

^Rer.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
^Rev.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  M.A.,  Magdalene  College. 

Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,M.A.,  F.R.S.,  St  John's  College,  Professor 
of  Botany. 

Re7.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Rer.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 

Bar.  Samnel  Savage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

APPENDIX  D. 

List  of  Presents  durino  the  Tear  bndieo 

June  3,  1873. 

Books. 
From  the  Society  qf  Antiquariee  qf  London  : 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.    2  Parts.    8vo. 
From  the  Royal  Htetorical  and  Archaeological  Aaociation  qf  Ireland: 

Journal  of  the  Association.    5  Parts.    Syo. 
From  the  Editor: 

Bastem  Counties  Collectanea.    1  No.  8vo. 


1872—1873. 
Nov.  18, 1872.    The  President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Lnard  exhibited  a  small  Indian  copper  coin  dated  1833. 

The  President  exhibited  a  United  States  dollar  of  1795,  and  a  ten- 
doUar  note  isaned  by  the  Confederate  States. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  : 

(1)  A  Macedonian  Philippns,  probably  struck  at  Maronea  in  the  time  of 
Philip  the  Second; 


36 

(2)  An  electrotype  of  a  die  of  a  Qaalish  coin  (a  double  aureu$)  found  at 
Ayenticum  (Ayenches) ;  and 

(3)  A  British  gold  coin  of  the  Wbaddon  chase  find,  of  about  the  time 
of  Julius  CoBsar. 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited  a  copy  of  a  merchant's  mark  on  the  font  In  the 
church  at  Barnard  Oastle. 

Mr  Paley  exhibited  a  copy  of  a  roll  of  a  pedigree  of  the  Apthorp 
family,  going  back  to  1289.  The  original  (Mr  Barton's  roll)  was  drawn 
up  and  emblazoned  at  the  ViBitation  of  Wales  in  1654. 

Mr  Paley  also  exhibited  a  piece  of  old  black  oak,  and  a  very  large  red- 
deer  horn,  both  found  in  Burwell  Fen. 

Dec.  2,  1872,     The  President  (Rev,  W.  G,  Searle)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  A  small  brass  coin  of  Constantine  the  Great,  mint  of  Constan- 
tinople; and 

(2)  A  head  of  Liyia  in  the  character  of  Ceres  crowned  with  wheat  ears 
and  wearing  a  mantilla,  reproduced  in  glass  paste  from  a  gem  in  the  Royal 
collection  at  Berlin. 

The  President  exhibited  a  yariety  of  French,  Mexican,  Japanese,  and 
other  coins. 

Mr  Mayor  exhibited  some  siWer  coins  of  Edward  YL,  Elizabeth,  and 
Charles  I. 

March  10, 1873.    Professor  C,  C.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  Two  lacustrine  axes,  of  which  the  flint  blades  are  authentic ;  one  of 
them  has  a  setting  of  horn  (also  authentic)  between  the  blade  and  held ; 
the  holds  (two  feet  long)  in  each  case  are  exact  facsimiles  of  those  dis- 
coyered  in  situ  at  the  station  of  Auyemier  (Canton  Neufchatel),  the 
original  wood  haying  unfortunately  fallen  to  pieces  in  the  process  of  drying. 

(2)  Fiye  stones  from  the  pile  dwelling  at  Mdringen,  which  bear  signs  of 
haying  seryed  to  sharpen  palstayes  of  the  bronze  aga 

(3)  A  reproduction  of  a  jayelin  {phalarica)  furnished  yrith  a  thong 
(amentum),  by  means  of  which  the  weapon  could  be  hurled  four  times  the 
distance  which  it  would  reach  if  hurled  by  the  shaft  alone. 

Mr  Fawcett  exhibited  a  book  entitled  '  La  Pyrotechnic  de  Hanzelet 
Lorrain,  ou  sunt  representez  les  plus  rares  et  plus  apprennez  secrets  des 


I 


37 

machines  et  des  feux  artifidels,  propres  poor  assieger  battre  turprendre  et 
deffendre  tontes  places'  (4to.  Pont  a  Moobsod,  par  J.  et  Oaspard  Bernard^ 
1630),  fall  of  well  execated  iUnstrationa  engrared  on  copper ;  among  them 
a  machine  doeely  resembling  a  modem  mitndlleiue. 

March  24,  1873.     Professor  C.  C.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

I  Mr  Lnard  exhibited  and  presented  two  small  and  much  de&ced  coins 

(one  Hambnrgy  one  Roman)  to  the  Society. 

May  0, 1873.     The  President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Lnard  exhibited  a  volnme  from  the  Registry,  in  which  he  has 
lately  had  arranged  the  whole  of  the  early  unsealed  documents  belonging  to 
the  University  from  1266  to  1544. 

Mr  Searle  exhibited  a  number  of  coins  added  to  his  collection  during 
the  past  year. 

May  19,  1873.     Thirty-third  Annual  General  Meeting.    The 
President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the  chair. 

Prof.  Babington  exhibited  some  illustrations  of  the  old  buildings  of 
8t  John's  College  taken  by  the  autotype  process. 

Mr  Paley  read  a  paper  entitled :  *  Notes  on  some  remains  of  moats  and 
moated  halls  at  Grantchester,  Goton,  Fen  Ditton,  and  Barnwell  Abbey; 
with  remarks  on  fishponds,  columbat  to,  manor-house  and  cc^ege  boundary 
waUs,  &c'    (See  Communicaiioni,  Vol.  ni^  No.  xxvn.) 

For  the  Report,  Treasurer's  Statement,  Council,  and  List  of  presents, 
see  above,  pp.  3,  4,  5  and  6. 


LAWS. 

I.  That  the  Society  be  for  the  encouragement  of  the  study 
of  History,  Architecture,  and  Antiquities;  and  that  such  Society 
be  called  "  The  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society." 

.     II.     That  the  object  of  the  Society  be  to  collect  and  to  print 
information  relative  to  the  above-mentioned  subjects. 

III.  That  the  subscription  of  each  Member  of  the  Society 
be  One  Ouinea  annually;  such  subscription  to  be  due  on  the 
first  day  of  January  in  each  year :  on  the  payment  of  which  he 
shall  become  entitled  to  all  the  Publications  of  the  Society,  during 
the  current  year. 

IV.  That  any  person  who  is  desirous  of  becoming  a  Member 
of  the  Society,  De  proposed  by  two  Membere,  at  any  of  the 
ordinary  Meetings  of  the  Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next 
Meeting:  but  cdl  Noblemen,  Bishops,  and  Heads  of  Collies 
shall  be  balloted  for  at  the  Meeting  at  which  they  are  proposed. 

V.  That  the  management  of  the  aflFairs  of  the  Society  be 
vested  in  a  Council,  consisting  of  a  President  (who  shall  not  be 
eligible  for  that  office  for  more  than  two  successive  years),  a 
Treasurer,  a  Secretary,  and  not  more  than  twelve  nor  less  than 
seven  other  Members,  to  be  elected  from  amongst  the  Members 
of  the  Society  who  are  graduates  of  the  University.  Each  Mem- 
ber of  the  Council  shall  have  due  notice  of  the  Meetings  of  that 
body,  at  which  not  less  than  five  shall  constitute  a  quorum. 

VI.  That  the  President,  Treasurer,  and  Secretary,  and  at 
least  three  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council,  shall  be  elected 
annually  by  ballot,  at  a  General  Meeting  to  be  held  in  the  month 
of  May ;  the  three  senior  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council  to 
retire  annually. 

VII.  That  no  Member  be  entitled  to  vote  at  any  General 
Meeting  whose  subscription  is  in  arrear. 

VIII.  That,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  the  Council  at 
their  Meetings  shall  elect  a  Chairman,  such  Chairman  having  a 
casting-vote  in  case  of  equality  of  numbers,  and  retaining  also  his 
right  to  vote  upon  all  questions  submittcMl  to  the  Council 


39 

IX.  That  the  accounts  of  the  receipts  and  expenditure  of 
the  Society  be  audited  annually  by  two  auditors,  to  be  elected  at 
the  Annual  Qeneral  Meeting;  and  that  an  abstract  of  such 
accounts  be  printed  for  the  use  of  the  Members. 

X.  That  the  object  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the  Society  be, 
to  read  communications,  acknowledge  presents,  and  transact 
miscellaneous  business. 

XL  That  the  Meetings  of  the  Society  take  place  once  at 
least  during  each  term :  and  that  the  place  of  meeting  and  all  other 
arrangements  not  specified  in  the  Laws,  be  left  to  the  discretion 
of  the  Council. 

XII.  That  any  Member  be  allowed  to  compound  for  his 
future  subscriptions  by  one  payment  of  Ten  Ouineas. 

Xin.  That  Members  of  the  Society  be  allowed  to  propose 
HoDoraiy  Members,  provided  that  no  person  so  proposed  be  either 
resident  within  the  County  of  Cambridge,  or  a  member  of  the 
University. 

XIV.  That  Honorary  Members  be  proposed  by  at  least  two 
Members  of  the  Society,  at  any  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the 
Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next  Meeting. 

XV.  That  nothing  shall  be  published  by  the  Society,  which 
has  not  been  previously  approved  by  the  Council,  nor  without  the 
author  s  name  being  appended  to  it. 

XVI.  That  no  alteration  be  made  in  these  Laws,  except  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting  or  at  a  Special  Qeneral  Meeting 
called  for  that  pui'pose,  of  which  at  least  one  week's  notice  shall 
be  given  to  all  the  Members;  and  that  one  month's  notice  of 
any  proposed  alteration  be  communicated,  in  writing,  to  the 
Secretary,  in  order  that  he  may  make  the  same  known  to  all  the 
Members  of  the  Society. 


It  is  requested  that  aU  Communications  intended  for  the 
Society,  and  the  names  of  Candidates  for  admission,  be  /cw- 
ward^  to  the  Secretary,  or  to  the  Treasurer. 

Subscriptions  received  by  the  Treasurer,  or  by  his  Bankers, 
Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cambridge ;  or  at  the  Bank  of  Messrs 
Smith,  Payne,  and  Smith,  London,  "  To  the  Cambridge  Anti- 
quarian Society's  account  with  Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cam- 
bridge." 


CAMBRIDGE    ANTIQUARIAN 
COMMUNICATIONS, 


BEIKG 


PAPERS    PRESENTED    AT    THE    MEETINGS 


OP  THE 


CambriUse  Antiquarian  ibotittg. 


No.  XVII. 

BEING  No.  3  OP  THE  THIBD  VOLUME. 

1866—1873. 


CAMBEIDGE: 

PRINTED   BT  C.  J.  CULT,   M.A. 

AT  THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS. 


ICDCCCLXXVIII. 
N.B.     No.  XVI.  was  erroneously  printed  on  the  title  No.  XV. 


CONTENTS. 

186e— 1867. 

TUL  a  new  of  the  state  of  the  UniTersity  in  Qaeen  Anne'8  reign. 
Commnnioated  hy  Henbt  Bbadbhaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College. 
(With  a  laesimile.) 110 

IX.  On  the  Earliest  English  Engrayings  of  the  Indnlgenoe  known  as 

the  *Image  of  Pity.'    Commnnioated  hy  Hbkbt  Bradshaw, 
Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College.    (With  a  facsimile.)       .        •        .135 

X.  Two  Letters  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton.    Commnnioated  hy  the  Ber. 

T.  a.  BoimBT,B.D.,Bt  John's  College 153 

1867—1868. 
XL     A  Letter  from  Bishop  Bale  to  Archbishop  Parker.  Commnnioated 

by  the  Ber.  H.  B.  Luabd,  MJl.,  University  Begistrary     •        .    157 

Xn.  A  Letter  from  Dr  Bentley  to  Lord  Chancellor  King.  Commnni- 
oated by  the  Bev.  H.  B.  Luasd,  M.A.,  Uni?ersity  Begistrary     .    175 

Xm.  On  the  Mnsea  or  Btndiok  in  Dr  Legge's  Bnilding  at  Cains  Col- 
lege. Commnnioated  by  C.  C.  Babihotok,  Esq.,  K.A.,  F.B.S., 
Prof essor  of  Botany  .        •       •       • 177 

XIY.  An  Inyentoiy  of  the  stnff  in  the  College  Chambers  (King's 
College),  1598.  Commnnioated  by  Henbt  Bbadshaw,  Esq., 
M.A.,  UniTcrsify  Librarian       •        • 181 

XV.  On  some  entries  relating  to  the  Marriage  and  Children  of  John 
More,  apparently  the  father  of  Sir  Thomas  More.  Communi- 
cated by  W.  AldisWbioht,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  Trinity  College  .    199 

1868—1869. 
XVI.    An  Aoconnt  of  the  Election  of  Sir  Francis  Bacon  and  Dr  Bamaby 
Ooohe  as  Bnrgesses  in  Parliament  in  April,  1614,  written  by 
Dr  Dnporty  Deputy  Yioe-ChanoeUor.    Coimnnnioated  by  W. 
AiJ>iB  Wbigbt,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College      •       •       »        .    203 


44 

1869—1870. 

PAOB 

XYII.  Letter  fn»n  Pdtor  Salmon,  M.A.  to  Bamael  Collins,  D.D.,  Pro- 
vost of  King's  College,  written  from  Padua  in  1680.  Com- 
monioated  by  the  Bey.  T.  Bsooslebans,  M.A.,  King's  College       211 

X7III.  Some  aooount  of  St  Vig»'s  Church,  Fulboum,  lately  enlarged 
and  restored.  Commuiioated  by  Abtht7b  W.  Blomtibld,  Esq., 
MJL,  Trinity  College,  Architect.    (With  four  plates.)      .        .    215 

XIX.  Bemarks  on  a  Bronze  Statuette  found  at  Eaxith,  Hunts.    Com- 

municated by  S.  S.  Lewxs,  Esq.,  B.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 
(With  two  lithographs.) 231 

1870—1871. 

XX.  On  the  Engrayed  Deyioe  used  by  Nicolaus  Gotz  of  Sletzstat,  the 

Cologne  Printer,  in  1474.  Communicated  by  Hsnbt  Bbidshaw, 
Esq.,  M.A.,  University  Librarian 237 

XXI.  On  Two  Engravings  on  Copper,  by  G.  M.,  a  wandering  Blemiah 

Artist  of  the  xv— zvith  century.     Communicated  l^  Hehbt 
Bbadshaw, .Esq.,  M. A.,  University  Librarian    .        .        .        .247 

XXII.  On  a  Bronze  Bam  now  in  the  Museum  at  Palermo.    Communi- 

cated by  S.  S.  Lbwis,  Esq.,  B.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College  .    259 

1871—1872. 

XXin.  On  the  oldest  written  remains  of  the  Welsh  Language.  Com- 
municated by  HxNBT  Bbadshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  University 
Librarian 263 

XXIY .    On  the  West  Towers  of  Tork  Minster.    Communicated  by  F.  A. 

Palbt,  Esq.,  M.A 269 

XXY.    A  Letter  to  the  University  from  Thomas  Beaufort,  Duke  of 
Exeter.    Communicated  by  the  Bev.  H.  B.  Luabd,  M.A.,  Uni- 
versity Begistraxy      • 273 

XXYI.  On  the  Collection  of  Portraits  belonging  to  the  University  before 
the  Civil  War.  Communicated  by  He»bt  Bbadshaw,  Esq., 
M.A.,  University  Librarian 274 

1872—1873. 

XXyn.  Notes  on  some  Bemains  of  Moats  and  Moated  Halls  at  Coton, 
Granchester,  Barnwell  Abbey,  and  Fen  Bitton.  With  Bemarks 
on  Manor-Hoose  and  College  Boundary  Walls,  Fish-Ponds,  and 
Columbaria,    Communicatedby  F.  A.  Palbt,  Esq.,  M.A.        .    287 


:i'^'^^-' 


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VIII,      A  VIETf   OF  THB   STATE   OF    THE   UnIVEESITT  IN 

QxisEM  AmcR's  BEiGN.  Communicated  by  Hsnbt 
Bbadshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College.  (With  a 
fiuadmile.) 


[Deember  3,  1866.] 


A  MASS  of  papers  formerly  belonging  to  Dr  Samuel  Knight 
(the  aathor  of  the  lives  of  Colet,  Erasmus,  &c.)  was  given  to 
the  XTniyersity  Library  some  years  ago  by  Mr  Baumgartner  of 
Milton.  Among  these  is  a  fragment  of  a  book  in  quarto,  ex- 
tending from  page  102  to  page  216,  all  thoroughly  prepared 
for  the  press;  but  the  beginning  and  end  of  the  volume  are 
altogether  wanting.    The  library  mark  is  MS.  Add  58. 

The  work  is  an  urgent  appeal  for  the  restoration  of  the 
Church  of  England  to  a  state  of  primitive  and  apostolic  sim« 
plidty  in  doctrine  and  practice.  The  author  is  evidently  within 
the  pale  of  the  Church,  though  vehemently  opposed  not  only 
to  the  corruptions  of  his  own  day,  but  also  to  the  whole  deve- 
lopment of  Church  organisation,  episcopacy,  &a 

The  fragment  which  has  come  down  to  us  affords  such  a 
vivid  picture  of  the  state  of  the  University  during  the  latter 
part  of  Queen  Anne's  reign,  that  I  regret  very  much  that  my 
attempts  to  discover  more  of  the  work  have  been  so  &x  un- 
availing. If  it  should  be  identified  hereafter  as  already  existing 
in  print,  I  can  only  say  that  it  seems  to  be  unknown  to  those 
of  the  present  generation  who  have  made  a  study  of  this  per* 
tion  of  the  history  of  the  University,  and  I  am  sure  that  the 

.     10 


120 

members  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  will  not  r^ret  that  at- 
tention is  here  drawn  to  it. 

F.S.  I  leave  the  above  remarks  standing  as  they  were  made 
to  the  Antiquarian  Society  when  I  first  discovered  the  frag- 
ment; but  I  am  now  (187S)  satisfied  that  it  is  a  portion  of  a 
If ork  by  a  well  known  Cambridge  divine  of  Queen  Anne's  time, 
John  Edwards,  D.D.,  sometime  Fellow  of  St  John's  Coll^. 
I  have  been  led  to  the  identification  by  examining  the  scraps  of 
paper  used  for  the  insertion  of  additional  matter.  Opposite 
page  189  the  author  has  used  a  portion  of  a  letter  which  runs 
as  follows : 

London  Aprill  19, 
Rev*  B',  1714. 

I  have  sent  yon  some  more 
sheets  and  we  shall  soon  get  done 
for  he  has  promiaed  he  will  not  go  off  it 
any  mora    We  are  making  np  your  aooonnt 
about  yonr  Body  of  Divinity,  harong  had 
a  meeting  last  week  about  it,  and  we  shall 
this.    What  we  desire  is  that  you 

Opposite  page  173  is  a  fragment  of  another  letter,  as  follows: 

Rev*  Sir, 

Having  this  good  opportunity 
by  Mr  Purchas  of  Cambridge^  I  gladly 

Opposite  page  147  is  a  portion  of  a  certificate : 

...Bdvrards  S.T.R  in  actoalem  poaaessionem 

•..8**  Petri  apud  Coloestrenses  inductos  fiiit  dedmo 

...B  Mali  anno  B^  1683 

per  me 

Johannem  Pearson 
Ecdesifls  cjusdem  Curate. 

These  pointed  to  a  clergyman  named  Edwards,  already  B.D. 
when  inducted  into  the  vicarage  of  St  Peter's,  Colchester,  in 


121 

1688,  and  in  1714  the  author  of  a  recently  pnblished  Body  of 
Divinity,  and  residing  in  Cambridge.  From  Newcourt's  Beper- 
torinm  I  found  that  John  Edwards,  B.D.,  was  presented  to  the 
Yicarage  of  St  Peter's  Colchester,  in  1682 ;  and  on  turning  to 
the  Biographia  Britanmca,  I  found  a  detailed  notice,  derived 
from  an  authentic  memoir  of  Dr  Edwards,  drawn  up  in  great 
measure  by  himself  Mr  Luard  has  since  satisfied  me  that  the 
handwriting  of  the  manuscript  is  identical  with  Edwards's  signa- 
tures now  remaining  in  the  University  Begistry.  Under  these 
circumstances  I  think  there  can  be  no  doabt  that  we  are  safe 
in  considering  Dr  John  Edwards  to  be  the  author  of  the  work 
here  brought  to  light. 

Seeing,  then,  that  an  account  of  the  writer  is  to  be  found  in 
aQ  the  biographical  dictionaries,  I  need  only  give  here  the 
barest  outline  of  the  fiicts  of  his  life.  Bom  at  Hertford  in  1637, 
the  son  of  Thomas  Edwards,  the  well  known  Presbyterian  di- 
yine,  he  entered  the  University  at  St  John's  College,  where  he 
obtabed  a  Fellowship  in  1659.  He  proceeded  to  both  degrees 
in  arts  and  both  in  divinity.  He  held  at  different  times  a  lee* 
toreship  at  Trinity  Church,  Cambridge,  and  at  Bury  St  Ed- 
munds. He  was  for  sometime  Vicar  of  St  Peter's,  Colchester, 
as  stated  above.  Again,  he  was  Minister  of  St  Sepulchre's 
Church,  Cambridge.  During  the  last  five  and  twenty  years 
of  his  life  he  seems  to  have  lived  at  Cambridge  and  to  have 
devoted  himself  entirely  to  writing-books.  We  are  told  that 
he  had  no  private  library  whatever,  but  that  he  used  the  Public 
library  fireely,  and  obtained  the  new  books  on  loan  from  the 
booksellers  at  the  rate  of  so  much  a  volume.  His  last  great 
work  was  the  Theologia  BefomuUa  or  Body  of  Divinity,  alluded 
to  in  the  fragment  of  a  letter  from  his  publisher  given  above. 
The  first  three  parts  of  this  came  out  in  two  folio  volumes  in 
1713.  At  his  death,  in  1716,  he  is  said  to  have  left  almost  as 
nuny  works  in  manuscript  as  he  had  published  in  his  life-time.- 
Of  these  a  third  volume  of  his  Theologia  BefomuxUi  was  pub- 

10— « 


122 

lished  in  1726;  and>  five  years  later,  a  volume  entitled,  'Re- 
*  mains  of  the  late  Reverend  and  Learned  John  Edwards,  D  J>., 
'sometime  Fellow  of  St  John's  College  in  Caml»idga  Pre- 
'  pared  for  the  Ftess  before  his  Death*  (8vo.  Ixmdon,  1781). 
Thanks  to  the  kindness  of  Dr  Campion  I  have  been  able  to 
examine  a  copy  of  this  volume,  belonging  to  Queens'  Collie 
Library.  It  contains  five  treatises  and  two  sermons.  The 
second  treatise  bears  the  title:  'A  Discourse  of  Episcopacy 
'wherein  this  Question  is  resolved,  whether  in  the  Primitive 
'Times  there  was  a  Distinct  Order  of  Bishops  different  from 
'  that  of  Presbyters,  or  whether  all  Ministers  were  equal.  Which 
'  will  yield  a  full  Answer  to  all  that  hath  been  written  in  de- 
'  fence  of  Modem  Episcopacy/  There  can  be  Kttle  doubt  that 
this  Discourse  is  the  one  alluded  to  on  p.  171  of  the  fragment 
now  in  the  University  Library,  where  the  writar  says:  'To 
'conclude,  the  Equality  of  Ministers  in  the  Church  is  founded 
'on  the  Writings  of  the  New  Testament,  and  consequently  the 
'Primacy  of  Bishops  is  a  swerving  from  those  Sacred  Writings. 
'  But  of  this  I  shall  distinctly  and  largely  speak  in  a  Just  DL&- 
'  course  which  the  Reader  will  find  annexed  to  these  Papers, 
'and  therefore  at  present  I  dismiss  this  Theme.'  As  the  author 
died  in  1716,  the  probability  is  that  the  work,  which  had  evi- 
dently been  several  years  in  hand,  was  passing  through  the 
press  at  the  time  of  the  author^s  death,  and  that  it  is  owing  to 
this  circumstance^  that  it  fell  into  Dr  Knight's  hands  in  its 
present  fragmentary  state. 

I  have  thought  it  as  well  to  give  a  brief  summary  oS  the 
contents  of  what  we  have  left  of  the  work,  with  a  few  extracts, 
giving  in  full  only  that  part  which  relates  to  the  University. 
It  would  perhaps  not  be  difficult  to  put  names  to  all  the 
persons  whom  the  writer  has  concealed  under  a  very  thin  dis* 
guise.  Of  the  five  smoking  Heads,  the  'overgrown  Pedagog 
'who  never  mounted  a  Pulpit,'  is,  I  presume,,  the  Provost  of 
Eing^s  College,  Dr  Roderick,  known  to  our  time  as  the  Head- 


123 

tuaster  (^  Eton  whom  the  College  elected  Provost  in  1689, 
when  they  first  wrested  the  nomination  to  the  Provostship  out 
of  the  hands  of  the  Crown,  and  were  successful  in  refusing 
to  receive  Sir  Isaac  Newton  as  the  nominee  of  King  William 
the  Third.  Dr  Edwards,  as  a  zealous  preacher,  felt  keenly  the 
need  of  this  gift  in  the  Church ;  and  accordingly  speaks  h&ce 
with  rather  more  bluntness  than  courtesy.  But  Dr  Bodeiick's 
claim  to  remembrance  certaioly  does  not  rest  on  his  sermons. 
The  Fellow  of  St  John's,  an  archbishop's  nephew,  the  climax  of 
whose  offences  seems  to  have  been  his  appearing  *in  grey 
doihes  and  a  crevat',  I  have  .not  identified.  But  those  who 
are  more  conversant  with  the  history  of  the  Univ^^ity,  and 
especially  St  John^s  College,  Will  not  have  much  difficulty  in 
satisfying  themselves  about  abnost  all  the  persons  here  alluded 
to.  It  has  a  double  interest  to  us  firom  the  fact  that  this 
picture  was  drawn  at  the  very  time  when  Ambrose  Bonwicke 
was  an  undergraduate  at  the  University. 

The  facsimile,  which  accompanies  this  paper,  was  executed 
for  me  by  Mr  F.  C.  Price,  and  affords  a  good  qpecimen  of  the 
handwriting  of  the  manuscript.  When  it  was  done^  I  had  not 
discovered  the  author,  and  I  was  anxious  to  give  every  facility 
for  identifying  the  handwriting,  which  ought  not  to  have  been 
a  difficult  matter^  seeing  the  mass  of  correspondence  which  has 
come  down  to  us  from  that  period.  Now  that  the  author  has 
been  traced  out,  it  is  perhaps  a  needless  addition ;  but  I  have 
preferred  to  leave  it,  for  the  benefit  of  any  readers  who  may  be 
interested  in  the  study  of  handwriting. 


124 

The  Fragment  commences  (p.  102)  in  the  middle  cf  some 
remarks  on  the  service  of  the  Chnrch,  and  the  rites  and  cere- 
monies used.  The  writer  inveighs  strongly  against  the  use  of 
Organs  in  churches,  against  the  reading  of  the  Apocryphal 
Books  (105),  the  use  of  Creeds  in  the  service  (106),  of  Sponsors 
in  Baptism  (ib.),  &c.  These  are  followed  by  ten  considerations, 
upon  which  4t  cannot  but  be  thought  reasonable  to  let  £Bdl 
'some  of  our  Rituals  and  Ceremonials'  (164i).  He  then  deals 
vrith  the  arguments  from  Antiquity,  Tradition,  and  Custom. 
Next  (169)  he  says :  '  The  Fourth  and  Last  thing  is  now  to  be 
'handled,  that  is,  I  am  to  shew  that  the  Primitive  Discipline 
*  and  Oovemment  of  the  Ckwrch  is  much  defaced  among  us.' 
This  part  touches  at  the  mode  of  election  and  appointment^  &c., 
and  on  the  degeneracy  of  the  clergy,  and  on  the  covetousness 
'  and  avarice  of  prelates,  even  in  dealing  with  the  poorer  clergy. 

*T  might  observe'  he  writes  (p.  188)  *how  our  Bdigious 
Mammonists  grasp  at  any  thing  where  Gain  is  to  be  had.  They 
fetch  even  Physic  and  Surgery  under  their  Jurisdiction.  Every 
poor  Schoohnaster  is  under  their  lash,  yea,  and  every  Midwife. 
So  that  a  child  can't  be  bom  into  the  world,  a  boy  can't 
be  whipt,  a  fellow's  broken  pate  can't  be  cured  without  the 
Bishop* 8  Licence.  Without  this  none  can  be  married  at  some 
certain  times  of  the  year :  but  the  Bishop  and  his  Court  can 
dispense  with  these  Prohibited  Times  (as  they  call  them),  if 
you  will  pay  for  it.  What  think  you  1  Is  this  according  to  the 
Platform  of  the  Apostolic  Ages  ? 

The  worldliness  of  some  of  the  rest  of  ihe  Glergy  cannot 
escape  our  observation;  for  they  learn  of  the  Prelates,  and 
rake  what  they  can,  and  are  never  satisfied.  We  have  scan- 
dalous* Proofs  of  this  in  every  Diocese :  we  have  two  instances 
of  it  of  late  in  this  Country.  One  Clergyman  possessd  three 
Benefices,  together  of  the  value  of  three  hundred  and  fifty 
pounds  a  year,  or  more ;  and  besides  these  he  had  two  other 
Benefices  and  Cures  of  souls  in  other  places  worth  above  £200 


125 

yearly,  and  s  Prebend  of  £100  yearly  yahie.  and  a  Sinecure  of 
the  like  value,  and  a  Mastership  of  a  College  of  above  £200 
per  aDnum,  and  a  real  Estate  of  his  own  of  £500  per  annum, 
besides  about  £30000  in  mony.  The  other  was  Master  of  a 
College,  Archdeacon,  Parson  of  a  rich  Living,  Prebendary  of 
one  Church,  and  Chancellor  of  an  other,  and  he  had  a  good 
Benefice  iik  the  same  Diocese.  Any  one  of  these  Preferments 
inis  sufficient  to  maintain  any  sober  and  moderate  Clergyman, 
and  some  of  them  very  plentifully.  And  yet  so  it  is,  they  sel- 
dom thrive  under  this  Heap  of  Preferments ;  but  most  of  them 
die  poor  and  in  debt,  and  scandalously  defraud  the  living.  I 
forbear  mentioning  Particular  Instances... 

I  know  they  pretend  that  they  must  have  great  Bevenues 
in  order  to  keeping  Hospitality.. .The  pretence  of  Hospitality  ia 
an  idle  flam... 

There  are  other  Disorders,  and  even  of  a  different  kind, 
in  some  of  our  Ecclesiasticks,  which  are  not  very  agreeable 
with  the  Primitive  Practice  of  Churchmen :  witness  the  Luxury 
which  many  of  the  Clergy  are  noted  for  at  this  day.  A  great 
part  of  their  Revenues  is  expended  in  plenty  of  Red  Juice 
for  themselves  (yea^  they  are  such  Lovers. of  that  liquor  that 
they  take  the  Commuiuon  in  Claret),  and  an  other  larg  Part  is 
lavishd  away  in  Modish  Dresses  for  their  Spouses.  They  pray 
and  drink,  and  drink  and  pray... The  younger  &ie  strut  up  and 
down  in  Cockd-up  hats  and  Powderd  wigs :  insomuch  that 
their  friend  Dr  Hickes  calls  them  a  WeU-powderd  Clergy. 
Wkea  Crape  was  the  mode,  nothing  would  serve  them  for 
Gowns  and  Cassocks  but  that:  and  in  other  Instances  'tis 
visible  that  they  comply  with  every  Fashion  that  comes  up.. 
Some  of  them  affect  to  be  perfect  Beaus,  and  seem  to  be  the 
greatest  Fops  in  nature.  They  have  lately  got  into  Girdles  or 
Sashes  a  la  mode  de  la  Campagne,  and  these  displayd  and 
spread  Circingles  make  them  look  like  Drummers  or  some 
Petty  Officers  in  an  Army... .And  as  to  their  Wives  and  Dough- 


126 

ters,  they  dance  and  sing,  they  play,  they  game:  a  Common 
Prayer  book  and  a  Pack  of  Cards  are  their  daily  diversion. 
They  patch  and  paint  as  plentifully  as  any  of  their  sex.  Yon 
would  verily  think  that  the  Close  belonging  to  the  CcUhedral 
were  a  Turkish  Seraglio,  rather  than  the  Habitation  of  Christian 
people.  The  Aggravation  of  all  this  is  that  these  persons  whom 
I  have  been  deciphering  are  those  who  should  be  Examples  to 
others  of  Mortification  and  Self  denial :  nay,  that  which  is  snf- 
ferable  in  others,  is  not  so  in  them.' 

At  the  close  of  this  passage  (p.  191)  the  author  says :  *  Thufi 
*  I  have  dispatchd  two  of  the  Gtenerall  Heads  which  I  undertook 
*to  treat  of:  there  now  remains  the  Third,  namely,  Directions 
*cmd  Advices  for  recovering  of  Primitive  Christianity!  After 
giving  his  Advices  under  the  four  heads  of  Doctrine,  Practice, 
Public  Worship,  and  Ecclesiastical  Government,  he  proceeds  to 
give  his  Directions  under  eight  heads,  as  follows  (p.  202) : 

'  In  order  to  the  ReformaMony  which  is  so  desirable  in  the 
Church  and  in  Church  Affairs,  I  will  make  bold  to  offer  some 
Particular  Directions. 

First,  to  make  way  for  the  changing  of  the  Episcopal 
Gk)vemment,  let  the  Beven/ues  of  Bishopricks  be  lessend.... 

Secondly,  Lessen  the  revenues  not  only  of  Bishopricks,  but 
of  some  Benefices,  that  thereby  there  may  be  an  Addition  made 
to  others.... 

Thirdly,  Destroy  Non^Besidence,  And  put  down  Pluralities,... 

Fourthly,  Let  Parishes  that  are  too  wide,  be  contracted,  and 
let  more  Churches  be  erected  to  receive  the  Inhabitants,  and 
more  Pastors  be  set  over  those  Churches.... 

Fifthly,  Let  the  Bishops  put  a  stop  to  their  Ordinations  for 
some  time,  or  admit  fewer  into  Orders  than  usually  heretofore. 
There  seems  to  be  good  ground  for  this,  for  there  are  allready 
above  fourty  thousand  Clergymen  in  England,  but  not  above  ten 
thousand  Benefices  in  all :  and  the  number  of  the  Gergy  are 
daily  increasing.. .. 


127 

SiztUy,  Let  those  that  are  to  be  ordained  undei^  a  strictef 
Examinaticm  than  hath  been  used,  yea,  than  is  according  to 
the  present  Laws.... 

Seventhly,  Let  there  be  frequent  Synods  and  Conatdtdtions 
about  Ecclesiastical  affairs  and  correcting  Abuses  in  the  Church : 
Bnd  let  Learned,  Pious,  and  Sober  Laymen  be  admitted  to  these 
Consultations.... 

laghthly  and  lastly.  Care  must  be  taken  of  the  Universiiies, 
that  is,  they  ought  to  be  Reformd.  There  is  good  ground  for 
this,  if  we  reflect  on  the  Deficiency  and  Failure  in  their  Studies 
and  in  their  Morality,  which  are  visible  among  them  at  this 
day. 

First,  their  Remissness  in  their  Studies  is  very  Notorious 
and  Scandalous.  In  some  of  these  late  years  vast  numbers  of 
those  that  have  been  Candidates  for  the  Degree  of  Batchehur 
of  Arts  have  been  disappointed  of  it  because  of  their  Insuf- 
fidency  in  Learning,  though  the  Posers  and  Examiners  were 
Teiy  Moderate  and  Favourable.  And  when  several  of  them 
were  admitted  to  the  second  Posing,  yet  not  a  few  of  them 
were  finally  stopt.  It  will  be  Amazing  to  tell  what  Easy  Ques- 
tions were  put  to  some  of  them,  and  yet  they  were  not  able 
to  answer  them.  One  of  them  was  askd  what  was  the  English 
of  Anno  Domini,  but  the  blockhead  was  not  able  to  tell,  but 
the  stupid  creature  thought  it  must  be  anno,  annas,  annavL 
Another  was  askd  how  long  it  was  since  our  Saviours  birth : 
he  said,  about  a  hundred  years :  an  other  differd  from  [him]  in 
his  Chronology,  for  being  askd  whether  Noah  or  Christ  was 
first  in  the  world,  he  gave  it  for  the  latter.  One  related  to  me 
how  dismal  and  distracting  a  sight  it  was  to  see  at  the  Ex- 
aminei^s  chamber  the  postures  and  actions  of  the  forlorn  crea- 
tures :  one  was  poring  on  his  Accidence,  an  other  on  his  Qram- 
mar,  an  other  turning  over  a  Dictionary,  to  construe  a  little 
plain  Latin,  an  other  was  bid  to  turn  English  into  Latin, 
wherein  an  ordinary  School-boy  could  do  much  more.    Such 


128 

mean  perfonnaiices  as  these^  and  the  like,  yrere  reqtdred  of 
them  after  they  had  been  resident  four  years  or  there  about  in 
the  Colleges.    Thus  they  neglect  the  business  for  which  they 
were  sent  to  the  University :  they  shamefully  and  scandalously 
mispend  their  hours,  and  render  themselves  unfit  for  the  De- 
gree they  take  (if  they  can  take  it)  and  more  unfit  for  the 
work  of  the  Ministry  they  were  designd  for.    Thus  we  are  like 
to  have  an  Ignorant  Clergy,  unless  greater  care  be  used  to 
reform  these  Nurseries,  and  those  who  preside  over  the  Youth 
there.    For  indeed  the  fault  is  generally  in  the  Tutours,  some 
of  whom  neglect  their  Charg,  and  particularly  they  take  no 
care  of  those  that  are  designd  for  the  Ministry,  they  read  no 
Divinity  Lectures  to  them,  they  instruct  them  not  in  the 
Principles  of  Theology :  some  of  them  spend  their  days  in  Idle- 
ness and  Sottishness,  and  are  serviceable  neither  to  God  nor 
man.     What  a  parcel  of  Lazy  Drones  there  is  in  these  places, 
may  be  gatherd  from  one  College  only,  which  hath  been  l&tely 
talkd  of.    Tis  observable  concerning  some  of  them  that  though 
the  profits  of  their  Fellowships  are  inconsiderable,  yet  when 
their  Course  of  preaching  at  St  Mary*s  comes  about,  they  hire 
one  to  do  that  o£Bice,  and  part  with  two  Guineas,  when  they  have 
not  an  other  in  the  world.     Some  venture  on  the  work  them- 
selves, and  do  it  indifferently,  and  sometimes  very  scandalously. 
This  generally  is  observd  at  Stwrbndg  fair  time,  and  thereby 
their  sorry  performances  are  Proclaimd,  and  the  report  of  them 
carried  home  by  the  Citizens.    Hence  all  that  do  their  work  veiy 
dully  in  the  pulpit  are  usually  called  Sturbridg  fair  Preachers. 
As  for  the  Heads  (as  they  call  them),  that  is,  the  Masters  of 
Colleges,  their  idle  and  useless  way  of  living  is  too  well  known. 
Though  they  love  to  hear  of  a  Public  Commencement,  because 
of  the  Good  Cheer  they  meet  with  then,  yet  they  tremble  at 
nothing  more  than  the  thoughts  of  Disputing  at  that  time 
They  shake  at  the  very  mentioning  of  any  Public  Exerdse, 
especially  of  Preaching,  and  though  it  be  required  of  them  but 


12$ 

once  in  a  dotusen  years,  yet  then  they  hire  a  Preacher,  and  do 
their  work  by  a  Journjman.  It  is  their  lot  to  be  the  subject 
of  every  Prevaricator  and  IHpos,  and  they  sit  tamely,  and 
hear  themselves  jeerd,  because  they  are  conscious  to  themselves 
of  their  Crimes,  and  thence  bear  their  Correction  with  a  seem- 
ing patience;  however,  they  become  contemptible  in  the  eyes 
of  the  young  men. 

I  am  to  pass  from  the  Lojnness  and  Uselessnesa  of  these 
people  to  something  that  is  of  a  Worse  nature,  and  that  is 
Immorality  and  Debauchery.  Here  are  not  only  Dunces  but 
Bakes,  and  both  meet  in  the  same  persons,  which  makes  their 
Character  more  ignominious  and  odious,  for  nothing  is  more 
detestable  than  a  Debauched  Dunce.  They  are  continually' 
haunting  Taverns  and  Alehouses,  though  it  be  expressly 
against  their  Statutes  to  do  so.  They  sit  up  late  in  these 
Public  houses,  and  at  midnight  or  in  the  morning  they  stagger 
to  their  Colleges,  and  disturb  the  neighborhood  and  rouse 
them  out  of  their  sleep  by  their  clamorous  outcries  and  loud 
blockings  at  the  Gates,  and  calling  to  the  Porter  to  let  them 
in  to  their  freehold,  as  they  term  it.  K  they  can't  presently 
be  admitted,  they  climb  over  College  walls,  break  gates  and 
iron  barrs  to  make  their  way  at  night  into  their  chambers. 
They  most  dishonestly  and  unjustly  run  in  debt,  to  the  im- 
poverishing of  several  Townsmen.  Twenty  or  thirty  pounds 
on  the  score  at  a  Tavern  is  usual ;  and  sometimes  half  as  much 
or  more  for  Tobacco,  and  proportionably  for  the  liquors  at  Ale 
houses.  Coffee  houses,  &c.  Some  of  them  have  feloniously 
broken  into  places  in  the  night,  and  have  stolen  away  what 
they  found  there.  Yea  lately  one  of  Caius's  College,  a  Fellow, 
and  in  Sacred  orders,  stole  out  of  the  University  Library  above 
a  cart-load  of  books  of  all  sorts,  and  cut  many  of  them  in 
pieces.  Tis  too  notorious  to  be  conceald  that  several  Uni- 
versity men  have  been  arraignd  for  Murder,  and  have  merited 
the  punishment  due  for  it^  but  methods  were  used  to  prevent 


130 

the  execution  of  it.  It  would  be  endless  to  rehearse  the  gross 
Immoralities  of  the  Academics,  both  the  Young  ones  and  their 
Tutours,  and  those  of  advancd  years :  for  some  of  the  disorders 
before  mentiond  are  practisd  by  them  equally  and  promis* 
cuously.  I  might  bring  upon  the  Stage  the  five  BnuMng 
Heads,  one  of  whom  is  an  Overgrown  Fedagog,  who  never 
mounted  a  Pulpit :  an  other  is  his  Qizzard,  who  is  taken  home 
to  dine  with  him,  and  then  comes  reaking  to  church  with 
Claret  in  the  afternoon.  He  hath  spent  as  much  mony  in 
Bed  Juyces  as  would  build  an  Hospital ;  yet  it  did  not  give 
him  spirits  enough  to  read  his  Speech  before  the  Queen  at 
Newmarket.  The  Square-fac'd  Doctor  and  the  wall-eyd  Priest, 
both  of  them  Hot  and  Hissing  like  a  Tailors  goose  might  be 
here  mentiond,  with  an  other,  who  is  reservd  for  afterwards. 
It  is  observable  that  among  the  University  men  that  allmost 
half  of  them  are  Hypt  (as  they  call  it),  that  is,  disorderd  in  their 
brains,  sometimes  Mopish,  sometimes  Wild,  the  two  different 
effects  of  their  Laziness  and  Debauchery.  If  there  be  a  Sober 
and  Diligent  Tutour,  he  is  affronted,  abus'd,  injured :  and  when 
he  is  so,  he  can  find  no  Bedress,  but  brings  on  himself  a  greater 
Odium,  as  in  the  case  of  Clare  Hall.  It  may  be  added  in  the 
last  place  that  there  is  no  Restraint  or  Check  on  these  disorders, 
but  Impunity  reigns  every  where,  and  the  most  extravagant  be- 
havior is  not  reformed.  Mr.  F.,  Fellow  of  Chi-ist's  College  (now 
Parson  of  A.  in  Hertfordshire)  kept  a  Concubine  in  town  seve- 
ral years,  and  is  at  this  day  grown  Old  with  her.  Mr.  Y.,  a 
Fellow  of  St.  John's,  lies  at  rack  and  manger  at  a  house  five 
or  six  miles  off  of  Cambridg,  without  lawfiiU  occasion  to  detain 
him  there,  yea  under  great  suspition  of  a  Vitioiis  Commerce. 
He  is  absent  from  his  Benefice  and  Charg  in  the  Country,  and 
never  repairs  to  his  College  but  when  there  are  Leases  to  be 
Seal'd,  or  a  dividend  to  be  received ;  yet  none  remind  this  man 
of  his  duty.  Another  Fellow  of  the  same  College,  a  Rector  of 
a  Parish  not  far  off  of  Cambridg,  a  nephew  of  an  Archbishop, 


131 

runs  up  and  down  the  Ck)unti7,  is  at  all  hors-matches  and 
oockfightings,  appears  in  Qrey  clothes  and  a  Crevat.  Tet  he  is 
not  checkd  either  hy  the  Diocesan  or  the  College,  though  this 
behavior  is  both  against  Canon  and  Statute. 

With  the  Immorality  of  these  Academics  is  joynd  Prth 
phaness  and  Impiety.    I  have  heard  them  with  these  ears  swear 
and  curse  and  damn  like  Hectors :  and  nothing  is  more  usual 
with  them  in  their  common  conversation.    And  this  Frophane 
Swearing  prepares  them  for  that  Breach  of  Oaths  of  an  other 
nature,  which  they  are  guilty  of.    They  solemnly  swear  to  keep 
the  Statutes  of  the  University,  and  of  their  particular  Colleges, 
and  yet  live  in  a  most  visible  violation  of  them,  them  I  mean 
which  respect  not  only  their  Manners,  but  their  Exercises :  but 
at  the  end  of  the  year  they  meet  in  the  Kegent-hpuse,  and  are 
illwolvd  by  a  Priest  without  shewing  any  signs  of  Bepentance. 
They  shew  little  regard  and  reverence  for  the  Lords  day,  for 
they  choose  Yicechancellors  and  Proctors  (when  the  course 
comes  about)  on  that  day,  though  an  Act  of  Parliament  excuses 
them  from  Elections  or  any  such  Secular  business  on  that  day. 
On  all  Sundays  in  the  afternoon  they  go  immediately  from  the 
Church  to  the  Coffee-houses,  as  if  they  thought  it  were  but 
lAsaing  from  one  place  of  diversion  to  an  other.    Though  there 
was  her  Majesties  Prwilamujiion  against  prophaning  this  day,  in 
which  persons  were  particularly  forbid  to  go  to  Coffee  houses, 
yet  the  Yicechancellor  and  Clergy  take  no  notice  of  it,  but  act 
oontrary  to  it.     On  Trinity  Sunday  and  on  John  Port.  Latin 
when  it  falls  on  a  Sunday,  the  Bachelors  of  Arts  of  these  re- 
spective Colleges  go  and  trudg  from  Cgllege  to  College,  to  beg 
three  days  Non-Term  for  that  week.    And  can  we  then  expect 
Beverence  to  be  paid  by  others  to  this  Solemn  Time,  when  we 
thng  disregard  it  ourselves?     Whether  the  Undergraduates 
and  Scholars  repair  to  Church  on  this  day,  or  stay  at  home,  is 
httle  minded  by  their  Tutours :  but  when  they  go,  every  body 
luu)WB  of  it,  for  they  talk  aloud  in  the  Church,  they  laugh,  they 


132 

most  irreverently  behave  themfielves  even  in  the  time  of  Divine 
Service.    If  they  meet  not  with  the  Desireable  Spectacle,  they 
run  out  of  the  Church  as  if  they  were  frighted :  and  their  prac- 
tise is  to  ramble  up  and  down  from  Church  to  Church  through 
out  the  town,  to  gaze  on  the  young  women,  and  (as  some  of 
them  are  wont  to  confess)  to  tell  how  many  Patches  they  wear. 
I  have  heard  two  Beverend  Divines  talk  about  their  Cats  in  the 
Yestry  just  before  they  went  to  their  seats  in  St  Mary's.     And 
when  they  are  come  thither,  they  sleep  as  soundly  as  if  they 
had  taken  a  good  dose  of  Opium  before  they  came  to  Church: 
and  this  is  done  in  the  face  of  the  Touth  of  their  Collies. 
Many  particulars  might  be  mentiond  of  the  Prophaue  spirit  and 
carriage  of  these  Gbwnmen.     One  who  was  a  Fellow  of  a  Col- 
lege and  Preacher  in  the  town,  finding  himself  over-loaded  with 
liquor,  employd  one  of  his  PupUs,  an  Undergraduate,  and  not 
in  Sacred  Orders,  to  read  the  prayers  at  a  Burial,  at  which  he 
was  not  able  to  perform  the  Office  himself    At  Benet  Coll^ 
they  game  and  play  in  their  chambers  after  Supper,  and  when 
the  Bell  rings  at  nine  a  dock,  they  cast  knaves  who  shall  go 
down  and  read  Prayers.    I  might  take  notice  of  a  Doctor  of 
Divinity's  reprimand  to  the  Parish  Clark  of  St  Mary's  who  used 
according  to  the  common  custom  to  tell  the  people  that  they 
must  sing  such  or  such  a  Psalm  to  the  praise  cmd  glory  of  God. 
What  (said  he)  have  you  to  do  with  the  glory  of  Qod  t    These 
Great  Pretenders  to  the  observation  of  Holy  days  baffle  their 
pretences,  by  their  own  example,  for  though  by  all  means  tbey 
will  have  Sermons  preachd  on  those  days,  yet  there  is  but  a 
poor  thin  Congregation,  sometimes  not  two  Doctors  at  Church 
As  for  Fast-days  the  Holiness  of  them  is  zealously  asserted  and 
maintaind  by  an  University  man,  who  in  order  to  the  keeping 
up  of  Wednesday-Fasts  hath  this  pleasant  Conceit*:  *  Mercury, 
'to  whom  Wednesday  is  devoted,  being  the  Idol  of  Oain,  it 
'would  therefore  be  more  especially  proper  for  any  one  to  ob- 

*  Mr  Brome  of  ChriBtian  Fasting,  p.  72. 


13S 

*  serve  this  Faat-d  ay  who  liath  occasion  to  panish  and  mortify  any 
*rin  of  Wrong  and  Injustice,  CoveUmsness  and  Irnmiaderate  Love 
'of  the  World.*    And  sorely  it  is  as  proper  for  Scholars  and  fifi^ 
(20Rt9,  seeing  iferury  is  the  Ood  of  Wit  and  Arts?    This  Writer 
is  pleasd  also  to  inform  us  concerning  the  propriety  of  Friday* 
fasts,  for  this  day  being  in  remembrance  of  the  Goddess  Venus, 
the  Mistress  of  Pleasure,  it  may  put  us  in  mind  to  abstain  from 
the  love  of  Voluptuousness.    Such  excellent  Notions  doth  this 
Author  furnish  us  with.    I  might  observe  here  that  though  our 
Academics  cry  up  Fasting,  yet  they  keep  up  only  the  mere 
Name,  for  in  Lent-time  they  enlarg  their  Commons,  and  gene- 
rally the  greatest  Eatings  are  on  Fast-nights.    The  pure  J?m* 
fiianueUsts  satisfy  their  consciences  by  supping  in  the  College 
Ihrhwr  on  fiiday-nights,  whereas  it  were  a  great  sin  to  eat 
their  Commons  in  the  HaU.    A  Chapel  is  a  Holy  place,  yet  in 
some  Collies  they  read  and  seal  all  their  Leases  there.    Here 
are  Dedama^ions  on  very  ill  subjects  sometimes,  and  Dispu^Or 
iwns  on  Questions  not  fit  to  be  movd  in  this  place.    So  in  St 
Mar/a  Church  not  only  Exercises  in  Philosophy,  Law,  and  Physic 
are  performd  at  a  Commencement,  but  Jests  and  Merriment 
are  permitted,  and  the  most  Conformable  Clergy  clap  on  their 
caps  or  hats  in  this  place :  which  at  an  other  time  is  reckond  to 
be  Prophaness.    Who  can  forbear  laughing  at  these  Vain  Shews 
and  Contradictory  Pretences  ?    Shall  I  here  take  notice  that  tis 
common  with  Uniyersity  men  to  talk  despicably  of  Coimtry 
Parsons;  tis  a  piece  of  Wit  and  Jest  to  mention  the  bare  Name 
and  yet  they  are  constantly  gaping  for  this  Rural  Post,  and  im- 
patiently expect  the  Fall  of  a  Fellowship,  that  they  may  ap- 
proach nearer  to  that  Preferment,  or  even  heartily  pray  for  the 
death  of  an  Old  Incumbent,  that  they  may  speedily  be  advancd 
to  his  place.    I  could .  observe  that  the  Order  of  Dea^xms  is 
abused  and  prophan'd  here  by  those  who  enter  into  it,  merely 
to  capacitate  them  for  a  Fellowship,  not  in  order  to  the  exercise 
of  the  Holy  Function.    And  how  few  are  there  here  that  can 


134 

answer  those  Questioiis  which  are  askd  them  when  they  are 
ordaind  to  that  office^  especially  the  first,  Whether  ihey  am 
vrmardly  moved  by  the  Holy  Qhoet  to  take  upon  them  that  Mini' 
etrationf  I  have  now  done,  though  I  could  say  much  more 
concerning  these  persons,  but  I  spare  them. 

I  think  it  su£Biciently  appears  from  what  I  have  allready  ad- 
vancd  that  there  is  some  Reason  why  these  Societies  should  be 
narrowly  inspected  and  regulated,  why  these  Fountains  should 
be  purified.    It  is  certain  that  they  never  so  wanted  a  Purgation 
as  at  present    If  the  Founders  and  Benefactors  were  alive, 
they  would  call  for  it,  and  if  it  were  not  effected,  they  would 
heartily  repent  of  their  Bounty.    If  there  be  not  a  Befonnation« 
Parents  may  as  hopefully  send  their  sons  to  these  Seminaries 
as  the  Idolatrous  Jews  offerd  their  children  to  Moloch,  that  is, 
to  be  destroyd.     Wherfore  it  is  high  time  that  this  Cage  of 
Unclean  birds  be  cleansd,  lest  the  foundation  of  Impiety  and 
Lewdness  be  laid  here  by  them,  which  they  will  never  be  able 
to  free  themselves  from  in  the  future  part  of  their  lives ;  lest 
Irreligion  should  be  cherishd  here  to  fit  them  as  'twere  for 
higher  degrees  of  it  afterwards ;  and  lest  the  polluted  streams 
which  flow  from  these  impure  fountains  should  be  difiused 
through  the  whole  Church  and  Nation.    This  may  convince  us 
of  the  Necessity  of  reforming  the  Manners  of  these  men,  and 
particularly  in  order  to  carrying  on  the  great  Design  which  I 
have  been  propounding,  that  is,  the  Restoring  of  Primitive 
Purity,  and  bringing  all  things  in  Christianity  to  a  conformity 
to  the  Rules  and  Prescriptions  given  us  by  Christ  himself  and 
his  Apostles.' 

About  two  pages  after  this  the  manusciipt  breaks  oS,  in  the 
middle  of  a  sentence  (page  216). 


THE  i::v/  YZ-^:: 

PDBLic  li::\a:;y 

ASTCH,  L^rOX 


■  1 


.•»'«••    ^ 


«<-'. 


(^-^'^ 


— ^ 


;u.-^ 


1 1^- 
I 


t  V. . ;.;  ^; •• :      ■  •  -  -i"  •  ^■' "^  --t  ;•  f -i  V  u  j   |-^^^=; «; 
tu'-M  (r'fV4*^:.»  :'.f  !\^^-.n  •"•'  Ki V':,..M 


f 


Image  ok  pity 

B^vnted  III    Hest7ninslfr  hy   J^ .  Cajcivro, 


y 


IX.  On  the  earliest  ENaLisH  enoratings  of  the 
Indulgence  known  as  the  'Image  of  Pity/ 
CommuDicated  by  Henrt  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A., 
King's  College,     (With  a  fa<»mile.) 


[Febpuaiy  25,  1867.] 


The  discovery  of  one  of  these  Indulgenoes  lately  in  the 
University  Lifarary  haa  led  me  to  put  together  a  few  facts 
which  may  he  of  interest  to  those  who  ^ve  their  attention  to 
the  salgect  of  the  rise  of  wood-engraving  in  England. 

The  fiusts  which  are  fairly  certain  about  early  wood- 
engraving  in  this  country  are  few,  but  yet  enough  to  enable 
any  one  to  fixm  a  basis  of  comparison,  if  he  will  pursue  the 
subject  methodically.  They  are  all  to  be  found  in  connexion 
with  the  employment  of  the  wood-engraver  by  the  printer. 
I  will  put  these  &cts  as  briefly  and  as  intelligibly  as  I  can. 

The  first  pinting-press  started  in  England  (A)  was  that  of 
William  Caxton  at  Westaiinster  (November  18,  1477)'.  The 
second  (B)  was  that  of  Theodoricua  Bood  de  Oolonia  at  Oxford 
(December  17,  1478).  The  third  (C)  was  that  of  the  unnamed 
schoolmasta:  at  Saint  Alban's  (1480).  The  fourth  (D)  was  that 
of  John  Lettou  in  the  city  of  London  (1480).    John  Lettou 

^  Hieee  are  the  dates  of  the  oempletion  of  the  first  books  known  to 
bave  been  issued  from  each  press.  They  answer  all  practical  purposes,  and 
Uus  method  compel  ns  to  keep  to  ascertained  facts  and  to  avoid  all  fruitless 
speeolations  as  to  what  may  have  been.  Where  I  difier  in  my  dates  or  con- 
cIusioDs  from  Mr  Blades,  it  is  only  the  result  of  several  years'  work  ux)on 
^e  subject  which  his  0¥m  incomparable  monograph  has  alone  rendered 
^iaptble  of  being  satisfactorily  stodicd. 

11 


136 

was  soon  joined  by  William  de  Machlinia,  wlio  afterwards 
carried  on  the  business  alone. 

The  art  of  wood-engraving  was  employed  by  the  printers 
for  (1)  initial  letters;  (2)  borders  round  the  page;  (3)  illustra- 
tions inserted  in  the  t^xt;  and  (4)  the  printer's  own  monogram 
or  device. 

1.  Initial  tetters. 

A.  At  Caxton's  press  simple  initials  are  found  in  the 
indulgences  of  1480  and  1481,  and  in  the  Oeneral  sentence  and 
the  Bedes  on  the  sondaye  given  at  the  close  of  the  Four 
Sermons  which  form  an  -appendix  to  the  Liber  Festialis,  printed 
June  30,  1483.  It  is  only  in  the  Esop  however  (March  26, 
1484)  that  initials  are  first  found  as  a  regular  part  of  the 
book,  and  from  that  time  onwards  they  are  customary. 

B.  At  Oxford  one  letter,  Q,  occurs  about  sixty  times  in  the 
Festial  of  1486,  but  everywhere  else  a  blank  space  is  left  for 
the  initial 

C.  At  the  Saint  Alban's  press  simple  initials  occur  only 
in  the  Book  of  Hawking,  Hunting  and  Coat-armours  (1486). 

D.  At  this  press  they  do  not  seem  to  have  been  used  at  all 

2.  Borders, 

A;  At  Caxton's  press  they  first  appear  in  an  edition  of 
the  Fifteen  Oos  and  other  prayers,  which  is  almost  certainly 
a  supplement  to  an  edition  of  the  Primer,  or  Book  of  Hours, 
now  lost.     The  date  cannot  be  put  further  back  than  1490—91. 

B.  At  the  Oxford  press  an  elaborate  border  of  four  pieces, 
representing  birds  and  flowers,  is  found  in  some  (but  not  in 
all)  copies  of  the  two  books  printed  there  in  October  1481  and 
July  1482;  so  that  the  date  may  probably  be  fixed  at  some- 
what after  July  1482. 

C.  At  the  Saint  Alban's  press  there  is  no  trace  of  the  use 
of  woodcut  borders. 

D.  At  William  de  Machlinia'^s  press,  the  only  instance 
I  have  found  is  in  a  fragment  of  a  Primer  in  the  University 


137 

library  at  Cambridge,  where  there  is  a  border,  or  frame  of  one^ 
piece  coDtaining  flowers  and  birdsy  round  the  first  page  of  the 
seven  penitential  psalms,  commencing  the  second  of  the  three 
constaDt  portions  of  the  Primer.  Ames  appears  to  have  had 
a  copy  of  the  whole  book,  but  I  have  never  been  able  to  trace 
his  copy  and  so  can  give  no  better  account.  The  date  may 
be  put  about  1485. 

3.    Ulugbrations  inserted  in  the  tecdt, 

A.  The  following  cuts,  or  series  of  cuts,  were  engraved 
for  works  printed  at  Caxton's  press : 

(1)  The  Mirror  of  the  world,  Ist  ed.  (1481).  A  series  of 
diagrams  and  a  series  of  eleven  cuts  illustrating  the  text. 

(2)  The  Game  of  chesse  moralised,  2nd  ed.  (1483).  A 
series  of  sixteen  cuts. 

(8)  CJhauoer's  Canterbury  Tales,  2nd  ed.  (1483).  A  series 
of  twenty-three  cuts. 

(4)  The  Fables  of  Esop,  &c.  (March  26,  1484).  A  fronti- 
spice  representing  Esop,  and  series  of  185  cuts. 

(5)  The  Golden  Legend,  Ist  eA  (1484).  A  large  cut,  for 
the  frontispice,  representing  heaven,  and  two  series  of  eighteen 
large  and  fifky-two  small  cuts,  the  large  series  including  one  of 
the  device  of  the  Earl  of  Arundel  to  whom  the  book  is  dedicated. 

(6)  A  series,  representing  the  PassiMi.  These  were  pro- 
bably engraved  for  an  edition  of  the  SorcB  in  8vo.  now  lost^ 
and  are  only  found  scattered  in  other  works. 

(7)  The  Speculum  vitce  Christi,  1st  ed.  (about  1487).  A 
series  of  cuts  illustrating  the  work;  but  there  are  also  some 
introduced  from  the  Passion-series  just  mentioned.  One,  which 
appears  to  belong  to  the  Speculum  series,  is  not  found  there^ 
but  occurs  in  the  Twelve  profits  of  Tribulation  (ab.  1490-91). 

(8)  The  Primer  or  Horce  in  4to.  (ab.  1490-91).  No  copy 
of  the  book  is  known,  but  what  is  probably  a  supplement, 
containing  the  Fifteen  Oos  and  other  prayers,  gives  us  the  cut 

11—2 


138 

of  the  Crucifixion,  which  fonos   one  of  the  series  of  five, 
which  is  found  complete  in  the  Hctcb  of  1494,  mentioned  belov. 
(9)    The  Service  for  the  Feast  of  the  Transfiguration  (about 
1490-91).    One  cut. 

B.  At  the  Oxford  press  only  two  books  are  known  with 
wood-cut  illustrationEi,  in  neither  case  cut  for  the  work : 

(1)  Lyndewode's  Provindale  (about  1484-85). 

(2)  lAber  FestiaUa  (1486).  The  cut  of  the  author  m  the 
Lyndewode,  and  the  eleven  large  cuts  in  the  Festial  may 
perhaps  have  been  the  commencement  of  a  series  engrayed  for 
an  edition  of  the  Qolden  Legend  which  was  never  executed. 
They  certainly  belong  to  no  known  book.  The  five  small  cats 
in  the  Festial  apparently  belong  to  a  lost  Oxford  edition  of  the 
Primer  or  Hdrm. 

0.  At  the  Saint  Alban's  press,  the  only  illustrations  in 
the  text  are  the  coats  of  arms  found  in  the  Book  of  Hawking, 
Hunting  and  Gioat-armours  (1486). 

D.  At  the  press  of  John  Lettou  and  Wm.  de  Mfl/>Tiliw\ 
there  is  no  trace  of  the  use  of  any  such  illustrations 

4.    Printen^s  devices. 

A.  At  Cazton's  press,  the  device,  so  fiumliar  to  most 
Snglish  bibliographers,  was  used  first  about  Christmas  1489  in 
the  second  folio  edition  of  the  Sarum  Ordinale.  At  first  (as  here, 
in  the  Dictes  of  the  Philosophers,  and  in  the  History  of 
Reynard  the  Fox)  it  was  used  at  or  close  to  the  b^inning  of 
the  volume.  In  Caxton's  subsequent  books  it  is  always  found 
at  the  end. 

C.  At  the  Saint  Alban's  press,  the  devioe  with  'Sanctns 
Albanus'  is  found  only  in  the  English  Chronicle  (1483)  and 
in  the  Book  of  Hawking,  Hunting  and  Coat-armours  (1486). 

At  the  other  two  presses,  there  is  no  trace  of  the  use  of 
a  device  at  all. 

In    the  fount   of  type    introduced   about  1490—91,  just 


199 

before  the  end  of  Caxton's  life  (1491),  we  find  the  first  signs 
of  French  influence  on  the  English  press.  Up  to  that  time, 
Belgium,  Holland,  and  Cologne  are  the  only  sources  to  which 
we  can  trace  the  origin  of  the  materials  employed.  The  Ox- 
ford and  Saint  Alban's  presses  and  that  of  William  de  Mach- 
linia  disappear  in  1486;  and  Pynson  (a  Norman)  appears  first 
in  London  in  1493.  So  that  about  the  year  1490  a  break 
occurs  in  the  history  both  of  printing  and  engraving  in  this 
country,  beyond  which  at  present  I  have  no  means  of  going 
with  much  certainty. 

So  much  for  the  facts  relating  to  the  first  period  of  wood- 
engraving  in  England.  I  must  now  say  something  about  the 
particular  engravings  which  have  led  to  these  remarks. 

The  Indulgence  known  in  England  as  the  'Image  of  pity* 
and  on  the  Continent  as  the  *  Mass  of  St  Gregory'  was  very 
popular  duriag  the  latter  part  of  the  fifteenth  century  and  the 
early  part  of  the  sixteenth.  The  story  is  that,  after  a  mira- 
culous appearance  of  Our  Lord  to  St  Gregory  while  celebrating 
mass,  that  Pope  granted  to  all  such  as  should,  in  a  state  of 
grace,  say  particular  devotions,  a  certain  indulgence,  which  was 
increased  by  several  subsequent  Popes  and  other  Bishops.  These 
indui^enees  are  found  both  on  single  sheets  for  distribution 
and  in  many  of  the  written  and  printed  copies  of  the  Primer 
or  Book  of  Hours.  The  total  amount  of  the  indulgence  granted 
varies  largely  in  different  localities;  but  my  present  object  is 
not  to  explain  these  variations,  but  to  draw  attention  to  the 
mode  of  treatment  of  the  subject  employed  by  the  earliest 
wood-engravers  in  this  country.  Whether  the  artists  were 
English  bom  or  foreigners,  it  is  now  impossible  to  say,  as  none 
of  these  engravings  bear  a  name;  but  it  is  clear  that  they  did 
not  copy  foreign  woodcuts,  but  acted  under  English  instructions, 
and  represented  the  subject  according  to  English  taste. 

In  the  cuts  found  in  Holland,  Belgium,  France  and  Ger- 
many, there  is  a  certain  amount  of  similarity.     St  Gregory  is 


14fO 

kneeling  before  the  altar;  Our  Lord  appears  on  the  altar;  and 
all  around  the  background  is  filled  with  the  symbols  of  the 
Passion  scattered  about.  In  many  copies  of  the  Primer  or 
Book  of  Hours  written  in  England,  a  picture  of  the  'Imago 
■pietatis'  or  'Anna  Crucifixi'  is  prefixed  to  the  'Psalms  of 
the  Passion.'  St  Gregory  does  not  appear;  but  a  half-length 
figure  of  Our  Lord  appearing  above  a  tomb  or  altar,  with  the 
symbols  grouped  round  him.  When  the  custom  of  illustrating 
the  printed  Horm  with  woodcuts  was  first  adopted  in  England, 
about  the  year  1487,  we  find  the  figure  of  Our  Lord  represented 
in  the  same  way,  but  the  symbols  of  the  Passion,  with  the 
exception  of  two  or  three,  are  arranged  in  little  square  com- 
partments round  the  edge,  so  as  to  form  a  frame-work  for  the 
picture.  I  have  traced  four  of  these  engravings,  of  different 
sizes,  all  engraved  within  a  few  years  of  each  other,  and  all 
connected  with  Caxton's  workshop  at  Westminster.  They  are 
at  present  almost  wholly  unknown,  though  this  indeed  can 
hardly  be  a  matter  of  surprise. 

Perhaps  the  earliest  of  the  four  is  a  small  square  cut,  mea- 
suring 2^  in.  by  2  J  in.,  which  occurs  in  an  edition  of  the  Primer, 
or  Book  of  Hours,  printed  by  Caxton  about  1487.  In  this  the 
figure  of  Our  Lord  is  represented  standing  half  out  of  a  tomh 
or  altar,  with  the  hands  crossed,  and  with  the  crown  of  thorny 
on  his  head,  and  the  ci*uciform  nimbus.  By  his  right  arm  are 
the  spear  and  the  reed  with  the  sponge,  crossed;  and  by  his 
left,  the  scourge  with  three  thongs,  and  a  bunch  of  twigs,  also 
crossed.  The  other  symbols  of  the  Passion  are  ranged  in 
eleven  little  compartments  round  three  sides  of  the  centre 
piece,  thus : 


4 

5    6    7    8 

3 

9 

2 

10 

1 

11 

141 

Nob.  1  and  II  are  each  double  the  height  of  the  others.  The 
contents  of  the  compartments  are  as  follows: 

1.  The  ladder  of  the  cross. 

2.  The  hammer  and  pincers,  crossed. 

3.  An  open  left  hand,  striking. 

4.  The  head  of  a  priest  mocking. 

5.  The  cock  crowing.        6.    The  sudarium  of  St  Veronica. 
7,  8.    Heads  of  Caiaphas  and  Pilate* 

9.  A  right  hand  pulling  the  hair.  - 

10.  The  three  naUs,  11.    The  pillar  with  the  cords. 

The  following  text  occupies  six  lines  across  the  page  below  the 
cut,  and  the  two  together  form  a  complete  page  of  this  tiny 
irolume : 

To  them  that  before  this  yma 

ge  of  pyte  deuoutly  say  .v.  Pr 

noster,  v.  Auyes  &  a  credo  py- 

tously  beholdyng  these  armes  of 

xps  passyon  ar  graunted  xxxij 

M,  vij  C.  &  Iv,  yeres  of  pardon 

The  book  is  only  known  from  a  fragment  of  four  leaves 
rescued  from  the  binding  of  a  book  (together  with  eight  leaves 
of  another  edition  in  the  same  type"  and  equally  unknown) 
by  Mr  Maskell,  who  presented  them  to  the  British  WTuseum 
in  1858.  But  though  the  book  is  not  otherwise  knowii,  the 
same  cut  was  used  in  a  subsequent  edition  of  the  Hiorce,  printed 
by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  (Caxton's  successor)  in  1502,  of  which 
a  copy  exists  in  the  (Jough  collection  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 
A  careful  facsimile,  made  by  Mr  Q.  I.  F.  Tupper,  from  Mr 
Maskell's  fragment,  may  be  seen  in  Mr  Blades's  Life  and  Typo^ 
graphy  of  Wm.  CaxUm,  Plate  XLvni. 

''  The  type  is  that  nsed  in  the  first  folio  edition  of  the  Saram  Ordinate 
mentioned  below,  as  well  as  in  the  Speculum  vUw  ChrisU,  and  other  books, 
all  ranging  from  1486  or  1487  to  1491. 


142 

A  stilt  smaller  cut  (the  smallest  I  have  seen),  meeuionBg 
Ig  in.  by  1^  in.,  oocurs  in  an  edition  of  the  Honz  without  da;te, 
but  unquestionably  printed  in  Caxton's  house  at  Westminster 
by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  about  1494'.  In  this  cut,  Our  Lord  is 
represented  as  in  the  last  described,  only  without  the  crown 
of  thorns.  By  his  right  arm  is  the  spear,  and  by  his  left  the 
reed  with  the  sponge.  The  other  symbols  are  ranged  in  thiiteen 
compartments  round  three  sides  of  the  centre  piece, 

5  6    7    8    9 

4  10 

8  11 

2  12 

1  13 

The  contents  of  the  compartments  are  as  follows : 

I.  The  ladder.  2.    The  three  dice. 

3.    The  left  foot.  4.    The  cock  crowing. 

5.  The  head  of  a  priest  mocking. 

6.  The  head  of  Herod  (?). 

7..    The  sudarium  of  St  Veronica. 
8,  9.    Heads  of  Pilate  and  Caiaphas. 
10.    A  right  hand  pulling  the  hair. 

II.  The  pincers  and  hammer,  crossed. 

12.    The  three  nails,  crossed.  13.    The  pilJar. 

The  whole  cut,  including  the  compartments,  icr  exactly  the 
same  size  as  the  centre  piece  of  the  one  last  described.  It 
here  occupies  the  lower  inner  comer  of  a  page.  The  text, 
which  is  the  same  as  in  that  described  above,  is  at  the  side, 
and  forms  part  of  a  page  printed  in  the  ordinary  way.    There 

»  The  type  of  the  text  is  that  used  in  the  Scala  per/ectimis  printed 
there  in  1494;  and  that  of  the  Ealendar  is  that  used  in  the  FeiHalus^ 
Four  Sermoru  printed  in  the  same  house  in  1493-94. 


143 

are  two  copies  of  the  book  in  the  University  Library,  and  ooe 
in  the  library  at  Lambeth  Palace*. 

But  besides  these  I  have  to  describe  two  separate  indul- 
gences, both  formerly  in  our  University  Library,  though  the 
second  alone  remains  there  now. 

The  first,  which  measures  9|  in.  by  6|  in.,  is  printed  on  a 
single  leaf  in  folio.  The  text  of  the  indulgence  is  not  printed 
with  moveable  types,  but  cut  in  wood  like  the  rest.  Our  Lord 
is  standing  in  the  tomb,  half-length,  the  hands  crossed  and 
showing  the  wounds  bleeding,  and  the  wound  on  the  right 
breast;  the  head  (with  the  cruciform  nimbtis)  inclined  to  the 
light  shoulder.  Behind  the  head  and  shoulders  is  the  cross, 
and  above  the  head  the  label  with  LN.  R.  L  Upright  on 
either  side  are  the  spear  by  Our  Lord's  right  arm  and  the  reed 
with  the  sponge  by  his  left.  Below  is  the  text  of  the  indul- 
gence; but  in  the  only  known  copy  this  has  been  cut  out,  leaving 
only  just  enough  to  identify  the  first  two  words  (vij  hundreth) 
of  the  last  line.  The  text  was  no  doubt  identical  with  that 
in  those  already  described.  The  frame-work  is  composed  of 
twenty-eight  small  square  compartments,  thus: 

9    10    11     12    13    14    15 


8 

7 

16 
17 

6 

18 

5 

19 

4 

20 

3 

21 

2 

22 

1 

28  27  26  25  24, 

23 

*  The  copy  now  at  Lambeth  is  the  ^Book  of  prayers'  described  by 
Fuller,  which  has  cansed  much  perplexity  both  to  Herbert  (Typogr.  Antiq. 
L  235)  and  to  Br  Maitland  (List  of  early  printed  books  at  Lambeth,  No. 
507,  and  note  FF).  The  latter  writer  places  the  book  after  1520,  but  it  is 
quite  impossible  that  it  can  have  been  printed  later  than  1495b    In  Fuller's 


144 

The  contents  of  the  compartments,  which,  it  will  be  seen,  are 
arranged  with  a  certain  regard  to  symmetry,  are  as  follows: 

1.  The  vessel  for  the  vinegar  (Mt  27.  48). 

2.  The  vessel  for  the  wine  mingled  with  myrrh  (Mk.  15.23). 

3.  Two  bunches  of  twigs,  crossed. 

4.  The  pillar  with  cordsp  between  two  scourges. 

5.  The  pincers  and  hammer,  crossed. 

6.  The  lantern  (John  18.  3). 

7.  A  left  hand,  pulling  the  hair. 

8.  The  cup  (Luke  22.  42)*. 

9.  The  pelican  in  her  piety  (i.e.  feeding  her  young  with  her 
own  blood). 

10.  The  head  of  a  priest,  mocking. 

11.  The  head  of  Herod. 

12.  The  stidarium  of  St  Veronica. 

13, 14.    The  heads  of  Pilate  and  Caiaphas. 

15.  The  cock,  crowing. 

16.  The  basin  and  ewer  (Mt.  27.  24). 

17.  An  open  right  hand,  striking  (Mt.  26.  67). 

18.  The  (thirty)  pieces  of  silver, . 

19.  A  sword  and  club,  crossed. 

20.  The  seamless  coat.  21.     The  ladder,  for  the  cross. 
22.  Two  staves  crossed.  23.    The  crown  of  thorns. 

24.  The  linen,  cincture. 

25.  The  three  nails  of  the  cross. 


time  it  belonged  to  our  University  as  part  of  the  Lambeth  Library,  which 
was  here  from  1647  to  1662;  and  the  Cambridge  library-mark,  which  the 
cover  still  bears,  shows  that  it  was  treated,  while  here,  as  among  the  diief 
treasm*e8  of  the  collection. 

'  Rather  this,  I  think,  than  the  cup  at  the  last  supper,  when  we  com- 
pare the  frequent  representation  of  the  cup  in  pictures  of  the  agony  in  the 
garden,  as  (to  g^ve  two  among  many  examples)  in  a  cut  in  the  ffora  of 
1494  above  mentioned,  and  in  one  of  the  windows  in  King's  College 
Chapel,  where  the  motto  is  'Pater  si  vis  transfer,  Luc.  22 '. 


U5 

26.  Judas  kissing  our  Lord. 

27.  The  three  dice  (John  19.  24). 

28.  The  three  pots  of  spices  (Mk.  16. 1). 

This  leaf  is  bound  in  at  the  beginning  of  a  copy  of  the  first 
folio  edition  of  the  Sarum  OrdincUe,  which  must  have  been 
printed  about  1487-88,  as  the  type  used  by  Caxton  in  the 
book  is  only  found  from  about  1487  to  1491,  and  the  book 
itself  was  reprinted  at  Antwerp  in  1488.  The  woodcut  may 
safely  be  assigned  to  the  same  period.  The  volume  formed 
part  of  the  collection  bequeathed  to  our  University  Library  by 
Dt  Holdsworth  in  1648 ;  but  it  was  stolen*  from  here  in  or 
shortly  before  1778,  and  soon  afterwards  was  'bought  of  a  man 
introduced  by  Dr  Nugent'  by  Wm.  Bayntun,  Esq.,  of  Gray's 
Inn,  after  whose  death  it  came  into  the  possession  of  King 
George  III,  and  passed  with  the  rest  of  the  King's  library  into 
the  British  Museum,  where  it  now  remains.  No  other  copy, 
either  of  the  book  or  of  the  woodcut  here  described,  is  known  to 

'  Sey^nd  very  precions  books,  besides  the  one  here  mentioned,  wer6 

Oussedfrom  the  University  Library  between  1770  and  1780.  One,  the  unique 

copy  of  the  earliest  known  edition  of  the  Salisbury  Breviary  (pr.  at  Venice 

in  1483),  and  that  on  vellum,  came  into  the  possession  of  Count  Mao  Garthy, 

the  £amou8  collector  of  vellum-printed  books ;  ^pd  at  his  death  was  bought, 

for  about  two  pounds,  for  the  National  Library  in  Paris,  where  I  saw  it  in 

1867,  the  Cambridge  library-mark  being  only  in  part  obliterated.    Another, 

the  almost  unique  copy  of  the  first  printed  English  translation  of  the  Psalms 

(the  Psalter  of  Feline,  printed  at  Argentine  for  Francis  Foxe  in  1530)  was 

for  some  time  in  the  possession  of  Dr  Combe,  the  well-known  antiquary  and 

0oin-collector.    The  Cambridge  library-mark  has  been  partly  (and  very 

roughly)  rubbed  out,  and  the  book,  rebound  with  'Chai'les  Combe  M.D> 

on  the  sides,  now  forms  part  of  a  very  choice  collection  of  early  Bibles,  &c. 

pxffchased  from  Dr  Combe  by  the  British  Museum.    I  have  little  doubt 

that  it  was  this  same  Dr  Combe,  who  appropriated  most  of  the  precious 

hooks  which  disappeared  from  our  shelves  at  that  period.    It  is  but  fjEur  to 

ny  that  those  I  have  mentioned  were,  while  here,  not  treated  as  of  any 

particular  value.    The  Library  was  freely  accessible,  and  these  books  all 

stood  on  the  open  shelves  in  the  compartments  close  to  the  entrance,  afford- 

iBg  very  strong  temptations  to  any  unscrupulous  collector. 


146 

exist.  I  am  indebted  to  Mr  G.  L  F.  Tupp^  for  a  pencil  tracing 
eS  the  woodcut. 

The  second  cut  which  I  have  mentioned  is  one  which  I  di^ 
covered  quite  recently  in  the  University  library,  and  which  has 
led  to  the  present  communication.  In  this,  which  measures 
6  J  in,  by  3f  in.,  Our  Lord  is  represented,  as  in  the  last,  with 
his  hands  crossed,  in  front  of  the  cross,  at  the  head  of  which  is 
the  usual  labeL  On  his  head  is  the  crown  of  thorns.  Upright, 
on  either  side,  are  the  spear  and  the  reed  with  the  sponga 
Below  this  is  the  text  of  the  indulgence,  as  foUows : 

To  them  that  before 
this  ymage  of  pyte  de 
uowtely  say  .v.  Pr  nr 
V.  Aueys  &  a  Credo .  py- 
teously  beholdyng  these 
armes  of  xps  passio  ar- 
grauted  xzxijjf.  vij.C 
&  .Iv.  yeres  of  pardon:-; 
The  centre  piece  and  the  text  below  it  are  surrounded  on 
three  sides  by  the  symbols  of  the  Passion,  arranged  in  eighteen 
compartments,  thus : 

7    8    9    10    11 

6  12 

5  13 

4  14 

3  15 

2  16 

17 

1  18 

The  whole  is  enclosed  within  a  simple  line.     The  contents  of 

the  compartments  are  as  foUows : 

1  (in  height  equal  to  two  of  the  others).    A  monk  kneeling, 
with  a  scroll,  the  legend  of  which  I  have  not  been  able  to  read. 


147 

2.  The  three  dioa  S.    A  left  hand,  pulling  the  hair. 

4  The  three  nailfl  of  the  croes. 

5.  The  pincers  and  hammer,  croesed 

6.  An  open  right  hand,  striking. 

7, 8.    The  heads  of  Caiaphas  and  Pilate. 

9.  The  sudariwn  (^  St  Veronica. 

10.  The  cock,  crowing. 

11.  The  head  of  a  priest,  mocking. 

12.  A  sword  and  dub,  crossed.  13.    The  lantern. 

14.  The  (thirty)  pieces  of  silver. 

15.  Two  bunches  of  twigs,  crossed. 
IS.    The  pillar,  with  coids, 

17.    Theladdec  18.    The  seamless  coat. 

The  text  of  the  indulgence  is  printed  in  the  same  type  as 
that  of  the  Ordinale  above-mentioned,  and  the  date  must  there- 
fore range  fix>m  1487  to  1491.  But  the  most  singular  thing  is 
that  what  we  have  in  the  University  Library  is  not  an  ordinazy 
impression  on  a  quarternsheet  of  paper,  but  a  mere  trial  on  the 
blank  last  page  of  a  book  with  which  the  indulgence  has 
Bothing  to  do.  It  seems  as  if,  when  the  form  was  ready,  some 
one  had  dabbed  it  with  some  brown  sloppy  substance,  and  had 
then  picked  up  a  book  accidentally  lying  near,  and  had  taken 
off  an  impression  of  the  form,  to  see  how  it  would  look.  The 
page  of  the  book  being  quite  dry  and  crisp  and  of  uneven 
surface,  and  the  stuff  used  for  ink  not  having  the  consistency  of 
printer's  ink,  the  impression  produced  is  very  far  from  com* 
plete.  I  can  only  say  that  the  facsimile'  executed  for  me  by 
Mr  Q.  L  F.  Tupper,  gives  a  more  faithful  representation  of  the 
original  than  I  could  have  believed  possible.  The  book  which 
has  been  used  for  the  impression  is  a  copy  of  the  Colloquium 
pecoatoris  et  OrucifixiJ.  G,,  printed  at  Antwerp  by  Mathias  van 

^  See  the  lithographed  facsimile  which  aocompanies  the  present  com- 
uonicatioii. 


148 

der  Goes  about  1487,  and  is  one  of  several  pieces  bound 
together  in  a  volume  which,  came  to  tw  as  part  of  the  Holds- 
worth  collection ;  the  latest  piece  being  a  manuscript  of  the 
'Liber  spiritualis  gracie/  transcribed  at  the  Charterhouse  in 
London  in  1492.  No  properly  printed  copy  of  this  indul- 
gence is  known,  and  as  I  only  discovered  this  quite  recently, 
it  is  of  course  not  described  in  Mr  Blades's  monograph  on 
Caxton's  press. 

I  have  perhaps  described  these  cuts  more  at  length  than 
may  seem  necessary;  but  a  careful  collection  of  fact^,-  ap- 
parently even  the  most  unimportant,  sometimes  turns  out 
to  be  of  more  use  than  was  expected.  I  will  now  only  add 
a  few  words  about  two  other  separate  cuts,  which  diffei:  from 
those  before-mentioned  in  the  amount  of  the  indulgence  granted. 
One  formerly  belonged  to  Mr  Wm.  Young  Ottley,  and  is  now 
in  the  British  Museum.  The  other  is  in  the  Minster  Library 
at  Lilicoln,  and  still  remains  in  the  prayer-book  into  which  it 
nmst  have  been  fastened  at  the  time. 

The  first,  which  measures  4|  in.  by  2^  in.,  has  been  repro- 
duced in  tolerably  accurate  facsimile  by  Mr  Ottley  in  his 
Inquiry  concerning  the  invention  of  printing  (4to.  London,  1863), 
and  he  has  given  some  account  of  its  history  (see  page  198  and 
Plate  VlJ  of  that  work).  '  I  had  the  good  fortune,'  Mr  Ottley 
says,  'to  discover  this  little  wood-cut  several  years  ago,  stitched 
on  a  blank  leaf  at  the  beginning  of  a  manuscript  book  of  de- 
votion, on  vellum,  which  I  judged  to  be  of  the  latter  part  of 
the  fifteenth  century.  But  it  was  evident  firom  the  numerous 
needle-holes  in  the  margin,  that  it  had  been,  in  like  manner, 
sewed  into  at  least  two  other  books,  previously:  besides  which, 
it  appears,  from  the  back  of  the  print,  that  in  the  first  instance 
it  had  been  folded,  and  that  for  a  length  of  time  it  had  been 
carried  about  by  the  devout  possessor  of  it  in  a  small  pocket- 
book.  This  piece  is  printed  in  a  brown  tint  by  friction.' 
Our  Lord  is  represented  in  the  usual  way,  half-lengthy  with 


149 

the  liftDds  crossed,. the  wound  in  tbe  right  side  bleedings  the 
head  inclined  towards  the  right  shoulder,  with  the  usual  nim- 
bus, but  without  the  crown  of  thorns.  Behind  him  the  cross, 
and  over  his  head  the  label  with  the  following  inscription" : 

:6:BAClAeVC  h6T&\36r 
On  either  ride  of  the  head  are  the  words  IC  and  XC;  on 
either  side  of  the  body,  the  words  Ecce  and  homo.    Below  is  the 
text  of  the  indulgence,  consisting  of  the  following  two  rhyming 
couplets,  occupying  six  lines : 

Seynt  gregor'  with  oj^ir*.  popes.  |  &  bysshoppes  yn  feer*. 

Haue  grau-  |  ted'  of  pardon  xxyj  dayes:  &  xxvj.  Mill'  |  yeer^. 

To  )?eym  J;at  befor'  }>is  fy-  |  gur'  on  }>eir'  knees. 

Deuoutly  say  |  .v.  pater  noster  .&.  v.  Auees. 
From  the  character  of  the  letters  Mr  Ottley  was  inclined  to 
think  it  might  be  as  old  as  the  St  Christopher  of  1423.  But 
this  is  at  best  conjecture.  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  it  is 
earlier  than  those  I  have  described,  but  the  writing  points  to  a 
more  northern  part  of  England  and  to  a  different  family  of  in- 
dulgences. It  would  be  some  slight  clue  to  its  origin  if  the 
little  book  of  devotion  were  still  traceable,  showing  to  what  part 
of  the  country  it  belonged.  Meantime  it  is  safer  to  suspend 
our  judgment,  until  further  evidence  be  forthcoming. 

The  other,  which  I  first  discovered  at  Lincoln  in  1865,  is 
pasted  on  to  one  of  the  leaves  of  a  manirscript  book  of  devo- 
tions in  such  a  way  that  the  writing  nearly  surrounds  it, 
showing  that  the  cut  was  there  before  the  scribe  began  his 
work  upon  the  page.  The  book  formerly  belonged  to  a  religious 
house  in  Lincolnshire.  It  will  be  observed  that  the  amount  of 
the  indulgence  is  the  same  as  in  Mr  Ottley's  Hcce  homo.    It 

>  Mr  K  M.  Thompson,  of  the  British  Museum^ suggested  to  me  ^hora  3** 
as  the  reading  which  Ottley  was  unable  to  decipher ;  and  I  have  no  hesita** 
tion  in  accepting  it.  The  words  in  St  Mark  are  (xy.  25,  26) :  '  Erat  auten^ 
hwa  tertia :  et  crodfizerant  eum.    Et  erat  titnlos  causae  ejus  inscriptus ; 

RlX  JUDJEORVM  (o  jScuriXevr  rvv 'lovdaiWy 


150 

repreeents  our  Lord  standing  half  out  of  a  tombi  his  hands 
croBsed,  his  whole  body  covered  with  wounds,  his  head  inclined 
towards  his  right  shoulder,  and  with  the  crown  of  thorns  and 
the  usual  nimbus.  Behind  is  the  cross,  with  the  label  and 
.1. N.R.I,  above  his  head.  By  his  right  arm  is  the  spear, 
and  by  his  left  the  reed  with  the  sponge.  Above  these,  in  the 
upper  comers  of  the  frame,  are  the  words  IHS  and  XPS. 
Below,  on  the  face  of  the  altar  or  tomb,  is  the  text : 

The  pardon  for  .v.  Pr  nr  .v. 
aues  &  a  crede  is  xxvj.  M. 
yeres  &  xxvj.  dayes:. 

The  whole  is  within  a  ficime-work  of  three  simple  lines  and 
measures  3|  in.  by  2^  in.  I  have  a  pencil  tracing  of  it  made  by 
myself  aA  ihe  time*. 

It  is  probable  that  other  cuts  of  the  kind  may  be  found, 
fastened  into  prayer-books,  or  in  printed  Primers  which  I  have 
not  seen ;  but  I  have  here  described  all  the  early  ones  that 
have  come  to  my  knowledge.  Indeed  the  only  other  early 
specimens  of  English  wood-engraving  of  which  I  can  hear  any- 
thing, are  (1)  the  stanzas  on  the  seven  virtues,  of  which  a  frag- 
ment, formerly  in  the  Weigel  collection,  is  now  in  the  British 
Museum,  but  to  which  I  see  no  means  at  present  of  affixing 
any  date ;  and  (2)  a  curious  cut  of  a  lion  in  Ely  Cathedral, 
to  which  my  attention  was  drawn  a  short  time  since  by  the 
Bev.  D.  J.  Stewart.    It  is  fixed  against  one  of  the  pillars  in 

'  When  I  first  saw  this  in  1865, 1  was  under  the  impression  that  it 
might  be  earlier  than  those  in  the  printed  fforcB  described  abore.  But 
when  I  saw  it  again  last  year  (1872),  having  seen  a  considerable  number  of 
early  cuts  in  the  interval,  it  was  clear  to  me,  that  it  could  not  be  placed 
earlier  than  the  first  decade  of  the  sixteenth  century.  The  manuscript  in 
which  it  occurs  (A.  6.  15  in  the  Minster  libraiy)  is  of  the  XVth  centory, 
80  &r  as  the  body  of  the  book  goes,  but  the  writing  which  surrounds  the 
cut  is  part  of  a  supplement,  which  may  fairly  be  placed  at  the  done  of 
Henry  the  Seventh's  reign. 


151 

the  choir,  close  to  the  tomb  of  Bishop  Gray,  whose  device  it 
represents.  As  the  Bishop  died  in  1479,  the  engraving  falls 
naturally  almost  into  the  veiy  period  in  which,  as  I  have 
shown  above,  we  find  the  first  authenticated  specimens  of  the 
art  in  connexion  with  printed  books. 

With  a  view  of  taking  stock  of  our  knowledge  on  this  sub- 
ject, I  tave  often  thought  of  drawing  up  a  technical  list  of  the 
woodcuts  used  to  illustrate  the  printed  books  of  the  first  few 
generations  of  the  art ;  discriminating  the  single  cuts  and  series 
according  to  the  works  which  they  were  originally  designed  to 
illustrate,  and  tracing  their  origin,  as  well  as  their  subsequent 
history,  which  sometimes  shows  the  most  grotesque  application 
of  a  cut  to  a  subject  very  remote  firom  the  mind  of  the  original 
engraver.  So  far  as  England  is  concerned,  the  first  chapter 
would  contain  the  productions  of  the  decade  from  1481  to  1490, 
which  I  have  roughly  sketched  out  above.  The  second  chapter 
would  contain  {1)  those  used  in  Caxton's  house  at  Westminster 
until  his  sucoessor  Wynkyn  de  Worde's  removal  to  the  Sua 
in  Fleet-irtreet  m  1500;  (2)  those  used  by  Eichard  Pynson 
while  dwelling  outside  l^mple  Bar  from  1493  till  his  removal 
to  the  George  in  Fleet-street  in  1503;  and  (3)  those  used  by 
Julian  Notary,  first  with  his  two  partners,  John  Barbier  and 
J.  BL,  at  the  sign  of  St  Thomas,  next  with  John  Barbier  in 
1498,  and  then  by  himself  in  King-street,  Westminster,  until 
his  removal  to  the  house  late  Pynson's,  outside  Temple  Bar^ 
in  1503.  And  so  on  with  later  periods  and  other  countries. 
Lists  such  AS  this  would  enable  us  to  make  comparisons  be- 
tween copies  and  their  originals;  as,  for  instance,  between 
the  delicate  work  of  the  cuts  used  in  Jacob  Bellaert's  edition 
of  JBartholomcBue  de  proprietatihua  rerum  (fol.  Haarlem,  1485) 
and  the  extremely  rough  copies  of  them  used  in  Wynkyn  de 
Worde's  edition  of  the  book  printed  at  Westminster  about 
eleven  years  later.  They  would  show  how  the  cut  originally 
used  in  1483  to  represent  the  supper  of  the  Canterbury  pil- 

12 


152 

grims  at  the  Tabard,  was  employed  afterwards  for  Lydgate's 
Assembly  of  Qodd.  We  should  see  how  a  cut  designed  in 
the  first  Stance  to  illustrate  Gerard  Leeu's  edition  of  the 
Dialogue  of  Salomon  and  Marcolphua  in  English  (4to.  Antwerp, 
ab.  1492),  found  its  way  to  England,  and  was  used  by  several 
successive  printer^  in  this  country  (not  a  copy,  but  the  original 
cut),  for  their  editions  of  Howleglaa;  as  may  be  seen  by  com- 
paring the  British  Museum  copies  of  Howleglas  (reproduced  by 
Mr  Frederic  Ouvry)  with  Gerard  Leeu's  Salomon  and  Mar- 
colphua  in  the  Bodleian  Library.  An  attempt  in  the  direction 
I  have  suggested  is  to  be  found  in  Dr  Walther's  Guide  to  the 
Darmstadt  Library,  where,  after  giving  a  list  of  the  Incunabtda 
typographica,  he  adds  a  list  of  early  illustrated  books  arranged 
according  to  the  schools  and  periods  to  which  the  engravings 
severally  belong.  The  admirable  sketch  in  Benouvier^s  Histoire 
...dela  graxwre  dans  lea  Paya-JBas  et  en  AUemagne  (8vo.  Brox- 
elles,  1860),  would  have  been  even  more  valuable  than  it  is^ 
had  any  catalogue,  such  as  I  have  suggested,  been  in  existence, 
showing  how  the  cuts  travelled  from  town  to  town,  passing 
from  one  printer  to  another,  sometime^  even  only  on  loan.  By 
proceeding  on  some  such  systematic  method,  we  should  soon 
learn  a  good  deal  more  of  the  history  of  the  art  than  we  know 
at  present 

N.B.  Throughout  these  remarks  I  have  used  the  tenn 
wood-engraving  to  signify  that  process  which  is  used  in  engrav- 
ing upon  wood.  I  am  not  in  a  position  to  decide  whether  the 
material  used  for  most  of  the  engravings  mentioned  above  was 
wood  or  soft  metal,  and  for  the  purpose  I  have  in  view  the  deci- 
sion is  not  of  primary  importance.  My  chief  wish  is  to  contri- 
bute towards  a  systematic  arrangement  of  the  actual  specimens 
of  engraving  which  have  come  doWn  to  us. 


X  Two  Letters  of  Sir  Isaac  Newxojj.  Commwii- 
cated  by  the  Rev*  T.  G,  Bo»>NBy,  B.D.,  St  JoWe 
College. 


[May  20,  1867.] 

These  two  letters,  written  by  Sir  Isaac  NewtOA»  form  part  of  a 
very  interesting  collection  of  autographs  and  letters,  .cl^efiy 
relating  to  the  history  of  the  City  of  Chester,  now  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Frederick  Potts,  Esq.,  of  the  Watergate,  Oiester,  by 
whose  permission  I  have  transcribed  thenu  They  are  printed 
exactly  as  written  in  regard  to  spelling,  use  of  capitals,  &c. 


One  William  "Cook  mentioned  in  the  Information  of  w* 
the  inclosed  is  an  attested  Copy,  havmg  fled  into  Ireland  to 
avoyd  Justice,  hath  since  been  apprehended  at  Dublin  &  is 
at  present  bailed  there,  but  Orders  are  sending  to  y*  Lords 
Justices  of  Ireland  to  send  him  Prisoner  into  England  in  order 
to  his  being  tried  for  conterfeiting  the  current  coyn.  I  pre- 
sume that  in  a  short  time  he  may  be  sent  prisoner  to  Chester 
&  when  he  comes  I  desire  y*  youl  please  to  commit  him  upon 
the  Information  of  w****  the  inclosed  is  an  attested  copy,  &  give 
me  notice  thereof  that  I  may  order  a  Habeas  Corpus  for  his 

^  The  last  letter  has  been  cut  off. 

12—2 


154 

removal  to  Newgate  London.  I  hope  you'l  excuse  this  trouble, 
being  it  is  for  the  publick  service.  Pray  send  me  (upon  his 
commitment)  the  name  of  the  Keeper  of  yo'  Prisdn  to  whom  y* 
Habeas  Corpus  is  to  be  directed.  I  shewed  the  bearer  Mr 
Peers  the  Original  Information  &  he  can  satisfy  you  upon 
oath  that  he  had  the  inclosed  copy  fix>m  me,  &  y*  Warden  and 
Controller  of  yo'  Mint  can  satisfy  you  that  this  Letter  is  my 
hand.  Direct  your  letter  to  me  Warden  of  the  Mints  at  my 
house  neare  St  James's  Church  in  Jermyn  Street  Westminster. 

lam 

To'  humble  servant 

IS  NEWTON. 

London, 

April  16.  lem 

Address  on  the  back : 

For  the  WorshipfuU  the  Miyor 
of  the  City  of  Chester  in 
Chesshire. 


n. 

fiiint  Office  in  y*  Tower  of 
London  Nov«-  28. 1699. 

S' 

Mr  Secretary  Yemon  communicated  to  me  y'  copies  of  the 
Depositions  you  sent  him  concerning  Mr  Horton  &  command- 
ed me  to  answer  your  letter.  I  have  acquainted  S'  Joseph 
Jekil  Chief  Justice  of  Chester  with  the  matter  &  care  will  be 
taken  to  send  down  his  Maj^  Commission  of  Oyer  and  Terminer 
directed  to  proper  persons  for  his  Triall  the  next  Assizes.  In 
the  meane  time  tis  hoped  he  will  be  kept  safe.  I  understand  he 
is  committed  only  upon  suspicion  of  High  TreasoD,  if  that  com- 
mittment be  not  thought  strong  enough  I  beleive  you  may 
commit  him  absolutely  for  High  Treason  by  vertue  of  the  late 


155 

Act  of  Parliam^  yf^  makes  it  High  Treason  to  make  or  mend  or 
begin  or  proceed  to  make  or  mend  any  of  y*  ooyning  Tools 
mentioned  in  that  Act  one  of  w**  is  a  Press  for  coyning,  or 
knowingly  to  buy  or  sell  hide  or  conceal  or  without  lawfull 
authority  or  sufficient  excuse  for  that  purpose  knowingly  to 
We  in  his  her  or  their  houses  custody  or  possession  any  of 
those  coyning  tools.  I  beleive  it  will  be  thought  proper  to  try 
him  upon  this  Act  &  if  so  the  evidence  will  be  of  better  credit 
because  there  is  no  conviction  money  to  tempt  them.  If  there 
be  anything  wherein  I  can  serve  you  in  this  matter,  you  may 
command 

To'  most  humble  Serv* 

IS  NEWTON. 

Address  on  the  back : 

For  the  R*  WorshipfuU  W"  Bennett  Esq' 
Mayor  of  Chester  in 
Chesshire. 


XL  A  Letter  from  Bishop  Bale  to  Archbisho? 
Parker.  Communicated  by  the  Rev.  H.  R.  Luard, 
ILA.,  University  Registrary, 


[November  18,  1867.] 

The  original  of  the  following  letter,  which  is  wholly  in  Bale's 
autograpli,  is  preserved  in  the  University  Registiy.  OflFensive 
as  much  of  it  is,  it  affords  an  evidence  of  the  truth  of  Dr 
Maitland's  remark,  "  whatever  may  have  been  his  faults  and 
▼ices,  he  had  a  sincere  love  of  letters."  (Essays  on  the  Bejor- 
matianf  p.  94.) 

Host  reverende  father  in  God,  and  my  speeyall  good  lorde : 
I  reoeyved  your  graces  letters  the  xviii  daye  of  thys  moneth,  with 
Qo  small  rejoyoe,  ^te.  And  as  conc^nynge  bokes  of  antiquite, 
not  printed :  whan  I  was  in  Irelande  I  had  great  plenty  of  them, 
wh<Hne  I  obtayned  in  tyme  of  the  lamentable  spoyle  of  the  ly« 
braryes  of  fkiglande,  through  muche  fryndeshypp,  labour,  and 
expenses.  Some  I  founde  in  stacyoners  and  boke  bynders  store 
bowses,  some  in  grosers,  sopesellars,  taylers,  and  other  oceupyers 
shoppes,  some  in  shyppes  ready  to  be  carryed  over  the  sea  into 
FlaundaB  to  be  soldo— r-for  in  those  uncircumspect  and  carelesse 
dayes,  there  was  no  quyckar  merchaundyce  than  lybrary  bokes, 
and  all  to  destructyon  of  leamynge  and  knowledge  of  thynges 
necessary  in  thys  fall  of  antichriste  to  be  knowne — ^but  the  devyll 
is  a  knave,  they  saye — ^well,  only  conscyence,  with  a  fervent  love 
to  my  contray  moved  me  ^o  save  that  myghte  be  saved.  And 
how  I  have  bene  rewarded  of  my  contrayc  hytherto  for  my 


158 

paynes,  the  Lorde  wele  knoweth.   Sens  that  tyme,  I  was  in  Ire- 
lande,  depryved  of  all  that  I  had,  by  the  papystes  undre  quene 
Marye,  and  havock  was  made  of  the  bokes,  by  another  wurke  of 
the  devyll,  that  they  shulde  not  yet  come  to  lyghte.    I  sende 
unto  your  grace  a  regestre  of  their  tyttles,  imprented  at  the  re- 
queste  of  Qesnerus,  Lycosthenes,  Simlerus,  and  other  learned 
men  at  Zuryck  and  Basyll.     I  desyre  your  grace  at  your  layser, 
to  sende  it  me  agayne,  least  I  lose  the  whole  volume  by  the 
want  therof.     Sir  Antony  Sellenger,  beynge  than  deputye  of 
Irelande,  had  for  hys  part,  a  great  drye  vessell  full  of  those 
bokes :  and  at  hys  deathely  departure,  left  them  to  hys  brother 
maistre  Robert  Sellenger  in  Kente  and  to  hys  sonne  maistre 
Warham  Sellenger  also.    These  men  receyved  now  of  late,  a 
lettre  from  the  queues  majestyes  counsell  in  my  behalf,  to  de- 
lyver  them,  for  perfourmaunce  of  an  Englysh  chronycle,  whych 
I  have  begonne  and  not  fynyshed :  eyther  els  to  tell  me  where 
they  are.     But  their  mockynge  excuse  is,  that  they  never  had 
them,  neyther  yet  knowe  where  they  are  become.    And  yet  do 
J  knowe  that  they  have  disparsed  and  distributed  them  amonge 
the  most  obstynate  papystes  of  all  the  whole  contraye,  to  brynge 
them  to  naughte.     And  thys  is  the  thirde  devyse  of  the  devyll, 
to  have  them  destroyed.     One  Glayser  *,  in  quene  Maryes  tyme 
a  prebendar  of  Canterbury,  had  a  great  nombre  of  them,  and 
disparsed   them  amonge  hys  companyons,  the  Popes  swome 
soldyours. 

In  Irelande  are  more  than  iiii  score  of  them,  as  I  am  credi* 
bly  infourmed,  in  the  kepynge  of  maistre  Nicolas  Heame  cap- 
tayne  of  Lechlyne  bridge,  and  an  other  sort  of  them  at  Dublyne, 
besydes  them  that  remayne  at  Kylkenny,  amonge  the  preben- 
dars  there:  for  I  had  in  Irelande  more  than  ii  great  wayne 
loades  of  them.  If  it  wolde  please  your  grace  to  sende  for  the 
vycar  of  Yealdinge  in  Kent,  called  Robert  Cage,  dwellynge  but 

^  [Hugh  Glazier,  canon  in  the  seTenih  prebend,  appointed  by  the  charter 
of  incorporation,  1542.    Hardy's  Le  Neye  i.  p.  54.] 


159 

iiii  myles  from  Maydeston :  he  woulde  not  only  infourme  your 
grace  of  the  whole  hystorye,  but  also  recover  a  great  nombre  of 
them:  for  whye>  he  knoweth  the  persones,  places,  bokes  and  all. 
My  myserable  state  and  povertie  is  and  hath  bene  suche,  that  I 
am  able  to  do  nothynge  as  yet,  towardes  the  recover  of  them. 
Now  to  the  answerynge  of  your  regestre. 

Omnes  ecdesiasticcB  histories  nondum  editcB. 
SigebertuB  Oemblacensis,  Latine  acripaitf  EccleaiasticcB  histo- 
ruB  coniinitationes  post  Evsdnvm :  Chrcece^  Joannes  Zonoras, 
Nicetas  Acominatus  and  Nicephorus  Calistus,  whose  written 
coppyes  I  have  seane  at  Basyll.  Ecclesiasticam  historiam  gentis 
Anglorum  wrote  Beda,  lyke  as  did  other  for  the  other  nacyons : 
and  hys  wurke  hath  bene  in  dyverse  places  printed.  Whose 
continuacyouns  wrote  Wyllyam  of  Malmesbury,  Simeon  of  Dur- 
ham, Johan  and  Richarde  of  Hexham,  Boger  Hoveden,  and 
other.  The  executours  of  Sir  Johan  Cheke  hath  Malmesbury 
de  regibuts  ac  pontifidbus,  with  other  antiquytees  more.  A  pre- 
bendar^  of  Westmynstre,  called  Pekyns,  had  Simeon,  with  Johan 
and  Kicharde  of  Hexham,  and  a  yonge  man  in  Colman  strete 
at  London,  called  Wyllyam  Carye,  hath  Hoveden.  The  newe 
ecclesiastycall  hystorye,  collected  by  Matthias"  Illyricus,  Joannes 
Wigandus  and  others,  from  whome  I  have  receyved  diverse  and 
manye  epistles,  for  heipe  in  the  same :  I  can  not  thynke  but 
your  grace  hath  seane,  for  iiii  centmyes  therof  are  already 
printed.  The  ecclesiastycall  hystcwye  also  of  Albertus  Crantz, 
is  easeley  to  be  had,  otherwyse  called  Metropolis, 

Omnes  vitce  ponUJuywrn,  nondvmi  impress(e\ 

Damasus  the  Spanyarde  and  byshopp  of  Bome,  wrote  de 
Oestis  Bdmanorum  ponbificwm,    I  have  seane  at  Basyll  an  olde 

*  [Probably  Humphrey  Perkyns.] 

*  [Matthias  Flados  (Franoowitz).] 

'  Robertns  Pluto,  a  monk  of  Canterbury,  wrote  also  Ecclesiasticam 
huioriam  Anglorum,  circa  annum  Domini  1180. 


160 

coppye  therof  in  the  studje  of  Johan  Berolde,  a  learned  man 
there.    Bat  lete  wyse  men  take  hede  of  the  deoeyt  of  that  boke 
and  suche  lyke  concemynge  the  actes  and  oonstytutyons  of 
Romane  byshoppes  afore  Sylvesters  tyme,  for  therby  have  all 
the  hystorycall  writers  receyved  deadly  poyson  by  most  noto- 
ryouse  lyes.    Who  can  thynke  that  S.  Peter  made  Lente  and 
Eastre,  that  Linus  provyded  coverynges  for  womens  heades 
whan  they  shulde  come  to  churche,  whan  they  had  no  churche 
to  come  to  almost  thre  hundred  yeares  after,  that  Cletus  com- 
maunded  pylgrimage  to  dead  sanctes,  that  Clemens  ordayned  an 
hygh  seate  for  the  byshopp,  Anacletus  that  a  preste  shulde 
weare  no  bearde,  Alexander  that  holy  water  shulde  be  pow- 
dered with  salte,  Siztus  that  the  oorporasse  shulde  be  made  of 
lynen  clothe  and  no  sylke,  Thelesphorus  that  iii  masses  shulde 
be  songe  on  Christmafise  daye  in  the  momynge,  Higinius  for 
gossypprye,  Sother  that  nonnes  shulde  not  sence  in  the  churche, 
and  other  for  chalyces,  altreclothes,  with  halloyng  of  beanes 
and  suche  lyke  Babylonysh  trashe.    Loke  Fasciculus  temporum, 
and  see  how  Gods  people  have  be  abused  of  these  spirytaall 
Mahometes.    Damasus  thought  by  the  murthynesse  of  anti- 
quyte  and  these  holy  fathers  to  brynge  those  beggerly  and  ydle 
ceremonyes  in  auctoryte  and  credyte,  though  they  were  most 
pemycyouse  lyes.    Come  we  now  agayne  ad  vitas  pontificum, 
Johan  Bufus,  a  black  fryre  in  Englande,  wrote  a  lyttle  boke  de 
vitis  Bomanorum  pontificum.    I  have  seane  an  olde  coppye 
therof  at  Norwich,  full  of  newly  devysed  lyes  and  fables,  so 
did  Sicardus  Cremonensis,  whose  coppye  I  sawe  in  Johan  Lay- 
landes  studye,  and  as  I  remembre,  maistre  Johan  Cheke  had  it 
at  the  lattre.    And  as  touchynge  Godfridus  Viterbiensis  and 
Martinus  Polonus,  otherwyse  sumamed  Carsulanus,  they  were 
both  printed  but  now  of  late,  besydes  doctour  Barnes  boke  of 
the  same  tyttle.     Sebastianus  Franck  wrote  notably  also  of  the 
same  in  Duche,  loke  the  thirde  part  of  hys  chronycles  and  the 
first  boke. 


161 

Omnia  concilia  manuacripta,  et  nonr^edita. 

Of  thys  sort  I  had  ones  Radulphus  de  Diceto,  whych  was 
sumtyme  deane  of  Panics,  de  Synodis  ecdesice,  whych  begynneth 
thus:  Synodorum  ecdesice,  alia  universalis,  alia  particularis. 
Thys  boke,  I  suppose,  if  I  had  it,  coulde  do  your  grace  lyttle 
pleasure,  beynge  so  briefe  as  it  is :  for  it  declareth  not  fully  the 
actes  of  those  counsels.  Isidorus  Hispalensis,  hath  written  de 
ConcQiis:  so  hath  Burckardus  Wormacienais,  otherwyse  called 
Lobiensis*,  and  Ivo  Carnotensis,  whose  wuile  is  called  Panor- 
mia,  divyded  into  x  bokes ;  lykewyse  Sebastianus  Franck,  in 
the  thirde  part  of  hys  chronycles  and  seconde  boke. 

Ofnn6s  paparunt,  magnonmi  episcoporum,  celebrium  dactorum, 
prindpum^  regum  et  OoBsarum  Uteres,  prcesertim  antiquiores. 

Of  thys  kynde  I  have  had  a  great  nombre,  but  they  are 
dispareed  by  the  Sellengers.  God  pardon  their  frowarde  hartes. 
Notwithstandynge  I  sonde  you  here  suche  as  I  have,  even  the 
very  ryff  raflf  and  wurst  of  them,  which  I  lately  recovered  of 
them  by  chaunce.  I  sonde  yow  also  another  boke  de  imperatori- 
bus  Bomanis,  de  origine  gentis  Francorum,  arborem  genealogioB 
regwm,  yusdem  gentis,  de  temporibus  et  annis  generalium  atque 
particularium  conciliorum,  de  ordinatione  missarwm  per  ponti-' 
fices  Hamanos,  de  casibus  quce  contingere  possint  in  eadem,  de 
apostolis  ac  discipuUs  Domini,  with  other  thynges  more  in  the 
ende  of  that  boke.  I  besyche  your  grace  that  at  convenyent 
tyme,  I  maye  have  them  restored  agayne.  The  epistles  of  Ethel- 
wolde,  Dunstane,  and  Oswalde,  I  have  red  of.  I  had  the  534f 
epistles  of  Thomaa  Becket.  I  had  the  127  epistles  of  Robert 
Qrossetest  byshopp  of  Lincohie,  of  whome  I  sende  you  here  a 
ragged  remnaunt.  I  had  JEpistolas  Elmeri  Cantuariensis  mona- 
chi,  a  great  volume.  I  had  Epistolas  Oilberti  Folioth,  episcopi 
Londinensis.  I  had  Epistolas  Joannis  Carnotensis  our  coun- 
treyman,  and  of  Petrus  Blesensis,    I  had  sumwhat  also  of  good 

*  [Le.  of  Lobbos,  dioc.  of  Li^gc] 


162 

bysshop  Sewell  of  Yorke,   and  of  many  other  more,  whych 
myghte  wele  now  have  served  your  tume  in  thys  behalf.   There 
were  sumtyme  synodcUia  statvta  Oswaldi  Cantuariensis,  and 
constitutiones  Boherti  Lincolniensis  I  had,  so  had  I  the  consty- 
tucyons  of  Johan  Thursby  archebyshopp  of  Yorke,  and  of  other 
byshoppes  more.     I  had  also  Benedictionarium  archiepiscapale 
Dunstaniy  the  oldest  boke  that  ever  I  sawe  yet  and  most 
straungely  written,  but  yet  legyble  to  hym  that  was  acquaynt^ 
with  that  kynde  of  writynge:   but  now  all  are  disparsed — a 
very  pytiefuU  case,  that  our  contraymen  are  so  uncircumspecte, 
and,  as  it  were,  unnaturall  to  the  olde  monumentes  of  their 
nacyon.    The  learned  Germanes  are  £Em*e  otherwyse.    Beda  de 
OeaUa  Anglorum  and  nova  legenda  AnglicB^  collected  by  Johan 
Capgrave,  though  hys  name  therin  be  suppressed,  have  some 
of  the  epistles  and  letters  both  of  Popes,  princes,  and  others. 
Maistre  Peter  Osbume,  at  London,  hath  the  chronyde  of  Johan 
Bometon*  abbot  of  Jourvall,  wherin  are  manye  epistles  and 
synodall  actes  of  kynges  afore  the  conquest,  as  of  kynge  Inas, 
Egbert,  Alphrede,  Edwardus  senior,  Adelstane,  Eadmonde  Iron- 
syde,  Ethehredus,  Canutus,  and  other  more. 

Oninei  vetustiorea  regidcB^  sen  canonea  seu  decreta,  guoe  ante 
Oratianum  acripta  aunt,  aive  aingvlarum  aliguarum  pro- 
vindanmi  propria  eaaent,  aive  totiua  ChristianUatia  comr 
mv/nia,  non  eatamtia. 

Canonea  apoatolorum  Greece  acriptoa,  I  see  ones  at  Basyll, 
and  as  I  remembre  canonea  et  concilia  Joannia  Zonorce  cum  eo- 
deaiaatida  conatitutUmibm  Nicephori.  Hilarius  Sardus  a  byshopp 
of  Rome,  wrote  decretum  aynodaie  abought  the  yeare  of  our 
Lorde  464,  whych  begynneth  thus:  Qiboniam  rdigioaua.  So  did 
Gelasius  Apher  also  about  the  yeare  of  our  Lorde  496,  whose 
wurke  begynneth  thus:  neceaaariarum  rerum  etc.  Honnisda 
folowed  after  hym,  with  dyverse  other  more.    Than  came  Isi- 

^  [i.e.  John  Brompton.] 


163 

doros  Hispalensis,  about  the  yeare  of  cure  Lorde  630.  Than 
Burckardus  Lobiensis,  about  the  yeare  1020.  Than  Ivo  Carno- 
tensis  about  the  yeare  1090.  Than  Hugo  de  S.  Victore,  about 
the  yeare  1130.  And  all  their  wurkes  were,  ante  Oraticmum 
scripta, 

Omnes  legendcB  et  missaiia  vetustissima,  prcBsertim  qua  ante 
Oregorvum  in  tisu  faerunt. 

Fyve  great  legendes  have  I  borowed  of  maistre  Mylles  for 
your  graces  occupyenge,  the  sixt  I  have  taken  out  of  our  lybrarye. 
Kye  covete  the  lyves  of  our  Englysh  sanctes,  seke  nova  legenda 
AnglicB,  whych  maye  be  otherwyse  called  Catalogus  Capgraviu 
It  was  printed  in  Flete  strete  by  Winkyne  de  Worde,  Anno 
Domini  1516.  And  as  concemynge  missalia  vetustissimaj  ye 
maye  have  abundaunce  of  them,  in  a  boke  set  fourth  by 
Geoigius  Cassander,  called  Liturgica,  de  ritu  et  ordine  DonUnicce 
camcB,  printed  at  Coleyne,  per  heredes  Amoldi  Brickmanni, 
Anno  Domini  1558.  Therin  is,  ordo  liturgies  a  8.  Dionyeio 
conscripts,  Terttdliani,  Chrysostomi,  BoMlii,  Qroscorum,  Bomor 
norum,  8yriorvm,  jEthiopum,  Armenorum,  Muacovitarum^ 
Joannis  preshyteri  et  aUorum.  And  all  these,  ante  Oregorium 
in  U9uJwrunL 

Omnes  inquisitiones,  excepto  Nicolao  Emerico,  et  processus  contra 
quoscunque  hosreticos  factce,  ante  hose  tempora. 

De  arte  inquisitorum  et  ordine  inquirendi,  hath  Cornelius 
Agrippa  written  in  hys  bokes,  de  incertitudine  scientiarum  et 
contra  magistroe  Lovanienses.  I  have  redde  also  that  Nicolaus 
Kosellus,  Jacobus  Hochstratus  and  other  dyverse  of  that  secte  of 
fryres,  hath  written  of  inquysycyons,  but  I  have  not  their  bokes. 
Jacobus  Sprenger  wrote  MaUeu/m  maieficarum,  for  inquisycyon 
of  wytches,  and  Joannes  Spangher  Practka  procedendi  contra 
hcereticos,     Joannes  Consobrinus,  contra  Lusitanos  quosdam 


1&4 

hcBreticoSy  Huberius  Leonardus  contra  Nivdlenses,  and  Gabriel 
de  Spoleto,  were  not  behynde  for  their  partes.  Guido  Perpini- 
aaiis,  an  inquysitor  also,  wrote  a  great  volume  c<mtra  omnes 
hoBreticarum  errores,  it  was  printed  at  Parys,  and  I  had  it  sum- 
tyme,  but  now  it  is  gone.  Modus  ad  inquirendum  Sylvestri 
Prieratis  is  a  boke  declarynge  the  wycked  folye  of  the  inquy- 
sytorys ;  so  is  Processus  adversus  PasquiUum,  Eusebiv^s  Captivus 
and  PasquHkis  capHvus. 

Omnia  scripta  ah  his  qui  a  Eomana  ecdesia  vel  in  toto  vel  in 
parte  dissensenmt,  conscripta. 

Thys  wolde  axe  muche  tyme  to  be  answered  at  large,  for 
they  are  excedynge  manye,  whych  have  dissented  from  the 
Bomysh  churche.  Wherfor  I  leave  yow  in  thys  poynt>  to  the 
appendices  of  my  xiiii  Century es  de  Scriptoribus  BritannicB,  for 
therin  have  I  laboured  in  that  kynde  of  studye,  to  my  utter- 
most power.  Ye  shall  fynde  therof  muche  also  in  ii  other  hokes 
lately  set  fourth  by  me  and  Illyricus,  the  one  is  called  Catahgus 
testium  veritatis,  the  other  beareth  thys  tyttle:  Varia  doctorum 
piorumque  virorum.  Antilogia  Papes,  wyll  also  correspounde 
to  the  sama  All  that  I  had  of  thys  nombre,  as  in  dedelhad 
manye,  are  now  disparsed,  and  I  feare  it,  lyke  utterly  to  be 
destroyed,  the  more  is  the  pytie. 

Libri  contra  hcereticos  seu  dissentientes  a  Boma/na  ecdem^ 
olim  scripti, 

Augustinus  Anglorum  Apostolus,  was  impugned  of  Dionotus 
the  chiefe  doctour  of  the  Britaynes,  but  what  answere  he 
made,  I  read«  not,  except  it  were  by  the  horryble  slaughter  of 
a  thousande  and  two  hundred  of  their  Christen  mynysters. 
Thys  was  at  the  first  enteraunce  of  the  Popes  religyon  into  Eng- 
lande  undre  kynge  Ethelbert  and  Bertha  hys  queue.  Conferre 
it,  I  besyche  your  grace,  with  that  whych  was  done  anon  after 


165 

the  departure  of  the  same  false  religyon  undre  quene  Marye 
and  Kynge  Philypp,  our  seconde  Dionotus,  blessed  Thomas 
Cranmer  with  a  great  nombre  els,  beynge  murthered  by  fyer, 
swearde,  haltre  and  famyne.  I  coulde  prove  that  commynge 
in  uid  thys  goynge  out  madie  to  agree,  both  in  tymes  and  in 
nombre  of  martyrs  that  were  slayne :  but  I  nowe  lete  it  passe. 
Agaynst  the  Britaynes  after  the  dayes  of  Augustyne,  as  agaynst 
heretykes  wrote  Aldhelmus,  for  that  they  allowed  not  shavynges, 
unctyons^  the  newe  founde  Eastre,  holy  dayes,  the  wyvelesse 
state  of  presteSy  and  suche  other  lyke  in  the  Bomysh  ordre. 
Loke  hys  bokes,  de  circido  paschali  and  de  h/ude  virginitatia^ 
they  are  yet  extant:  lyke  wyse  Hedda  of  Winchestre  and  Wil- 
fride  of  Yorke:  agaynst  whome  on  the  contrary  part,  wrote 
Hilda,  Colmannus  and  Cedda.  BonifiEUsius  Wenefridus,  the  great 
apostle  of  Germany,  wrote  contra  hcereticos,  and  had  d3rverse 
whych  did  strongly  resyst  hym  to  the  very  face:  as  were  Adel- 
bertus  Gallus^  Clemens  Scotus,  Samson  Scotus,  Sydonius  Bava- 
rorum  archiepiscopus,  and  Virgilius  Hybemus,  for  usynge  exor- 
cismes  in  the  ceremonyall  rytes  of  the  churche,  for  compelled 
chastyte,  and  for  lyvynge  lousely  and  wantonly  other  wayes,  as 
wyll  folowe.  Lanfrancus  wrote  a  dialoge  agaynst  Berengarius. 
fialdwinus  of  Canterbury  wrote  de  sectis  hcereticorvm,  I  have 
seane  the  boke.  Johan  Peckam  also  archebyshopp  of  Canter- 
bury, wrote  a  boke,  de  hasresHms  a  se  damncUis,  Thomas  Walden 
wrote  ill  great  volumes  contra  Hussitas  et  Wiclevistas,  whych  were 
printed  at  Parys:  he  wrote  also  Fasdculwn  zizaniorum  Wichvi. 
Thomas  of  Aquyne  wrote,  contra  GhnUhelmum  de  8.  Amore. 
Bonaventura  wrote,  contra  Oirardum  8agarellum,  Joannes 
Hildeshem,  de  monstris  in  ecolesia,  et  contra  propositiones  Ar^ 
nuuAam.  Utredus  Bolton  dedatattone  ecclesiw,  Nicolaus  Badclif 
ffuOicum  animiB  super  EucharisUco  Pane,  Bicardus  Lavynham, 
Petrus  Stokes,  et  Gualterus  Dysse,  contra  hcereticos,  and  an 
infynyte  nombre  els,  x£  tbys  kynde  of  writers,  whose  writynges 
and  wurkes  for  the  more  part,  I  have  both  seane  and  had. 


166 


Omnes  historue,  chronica,  et  amicdea,  etiam  si  singnlorum  locorum 
essent,  nondwm,  jediti. 

Of  these  I  have  had  an  excedynge  great  nombre,  as  your 
gi*ace  shall  wele  perceyve  in  the  ii  printed  quayers  whych  I  have 
here  sent  unto  yow.    I  was  fully  mynded  and  Joannes  Oporinus 
also,  to  have  printed  them  in  fayre  volumes  at  Basyll,  if  I  myghte 
have  gote  them  thydre.    But  good  fortune  fayled,  to  the  exce- 
dynge great  losse  and  blemysh  of  thys  whole  realme.    And  sens  I 
came  home  agayne  into  thys  realme,  my  state  hath  bene  so 
myserable  and  my  povertie  so  great,  that  nothynge  coulde  I  do 
to  the  recover  of  them:  as  a  joumay  into  Irelande  by  the  vycar  of 
Yaldynge  in  Kent,  myght  yet  recover  a  great  nombre  of  them. 
And  he  wolde  gladly  do  it,  if  he  had  hys  charges,  though  they 
were  but  meanely  provyded.    But  now  to  tell  your  grace  where 
ye  maye  be  spedde  of  the  lyke  historyes  and  chronycles  for  the 
tyme,  tyll  they  maye  be  obtayned.     The  executours  of  maistre 
Johan  Cheke,  have  Willyam  of  Malmesbury  de  regihm  etpontiji- 
cibus  cum  historia  novella  ejuadem.    They  have  Henry  Huntyng- 
ton,  a  very  notable  historyane.    They  have  Johan  Bever,  other* 
wyse  called  Fiberius,  intytled  Chronicorum  editio,  a  very  noble 
monument  of  thys  realme,  and  I  thynke,  that  there  be  no  more 
coppyes  therof,  than  that  one.  They  have  also  of  Nicolas  Triveth, 
historiam  ah   orbe  condito,  a  most  wurthie  wurke,  and  hiS" 
toriam  sex  regum  AnglicB  with  manye  other  more.    At  Lynne 
with  the  wydowe  of  Johan  Ducket,  are  Jlores  Historiarum^  of 
Mathew  Westmynstre,  a  very  notable  wurke.    At  Andwerpe  in 
the  howse  of  a  merchaunt  stranger,  is  Thesavrus  Westmonasteriif   ^ 
one  of  the  most  fayre  monumentes  that  ever  I  sawe  yet,  the  clarke 
of  the  Englysh  howse,  called  maistre  George  Gylpynge,  knoweth 
it  full  wele.    Wyllyam  Carre  at  London,  hath  Eoger  Hovedens 
chronycle,  with  Topographia  Britannias^  and  other  wurkes  more 
of  Giraldus  Cambrensis  a  noble  writer.    At  Cambrydge  in  Aula 
Petri  is  Topographia  ffybemicB  cum  vatidnits  Merlini.    In  Aula 


167 

Clarensi  is  Henry  Huntyngton,  Aelredus  Rhievallensis  and 
Radulphus  de  Diceto,fayre  written, but  marvelously  corrupted  by 
the  writer.  In  Aula  Gunwilli  is  Mampulvs  Chronicorvmi,  a  very 
fayr  volume,  but  wantynge  the  first  leafe,  so  is  there  Poly- 
chrontcon  JSanviphi  Cestriensis.  In  Paules  lybrary  at  London 
are  Imagines  historiarum  Sadulphi  de  Diceto  and  other  more. 
The  executours  of  Robert  Talbot,  whych  dyed  at  Norwyche,  and 
of  Nicholas  Brigam  whych  dyed  at  Westmynstre,  have  many 
noble  antiquytees.  But  I  in  my  tyme  have  had  more  than  they 
all,  if  they  myght  be  agayne  recovered  Marke  my  ii  printed 
quayers,  and  so  I  leave  here  for  thys  part,  for  the  greatnesse  of 
their  nombre,  whych  I  knowe  of  thys  kynde  of  writers. 

Oinma   Waldensium,  avt  de  Waldensihus,  seu  pauperibus  de 
Lugduno^  scripta. 

The  confessyon  of  the  Waldeanes,  and  the  answere  of  their 
fajrthe  to  Yladislaus  the  kynge  of  Hungarye  and  also  their 
excuse  agaynst  the  ii  lettres  dely vered  to  the  seyde  kynge,  by 
Doctoor  Augustyne:  they  were  all  printed  in  Germany,  with  the 
boke  of  Aeneas  Sylvius,  de  Synodo  Basiliensi.  Other  thynges 
I  ones  sawe  in  the  great  monastery  of  Norwyche,  and  other 
where  ek,  concemynge  them,  whose  tytles  I  have  now  forgotten. 
But  thys  I  knowe,  that  Bemardus  Lutzenburgus  in  Catalogo 
kwreticorunif  layeth  xxv  heresyes  (as  he  doth  take  them)  to 
their  charges,  and  sayth  that  he  had  them  of  Aeneas  Sylvius. 
Guido  Perpinianus  in  hys  boke,  de  hcei^esibus,  nombreth  them 
xxvii,  but  he  nameth  them  errours  only. 

Scripta  Adalberti  Galli,  contra  Bbnifacium  Ge7^manorum 
Apostolum, 

Certayne  it  is  by  dyverse  writers,  specyally  Nauclerus, 
Wicelius,  and  lUyricus,  that  Adalbertus  Gallus  after  longe 
disputacyon,  wrote  agajiist  Boniface  our  contraye  man,  and 
great  apostle  of  Germany e:  but  I  suppose  it  at  thys  daye  not  to 
be  extant.  There  were  other  in  those  dayes,  whych  also  im- 
pugned hys  doynges  and  saynges,  as  is  sayde  afore :  as  Clemens 

13 


168 

SootUs,  SAmsou  Scuttts,  Sydonius  Bavarus,  and  VirgiliuH  Hyber- 
nus»  whyoh  bad  doynges  with  hym,  as  maye  be  seane  in  secunda 
C^turia  Sctiptorum  Britannicorum,  pag,  104,  and  in  Ceniuria 
xiiii  ejusckm  operia,  pag,  200  and  201.  If  ye  covete  to  see  yet 
more  of  that  mattre  quaere  Catalogum  teitium  verUatiSy  pag. 
116  e^  Oaaparem  Brn$chiufn  de  Laureaoopag.  17.  There  shall 
ye  fynde  bow  Sydonius  and  Yirgilius  dallyed  with  hym,  and  had 
the  vyctoiye*  Soke  also  the  Chronycles  of  Joannes  Aventinua. 
The  questyon  of  thys  Apostle,  de  lardo  oemedendo,  sheweth  hym 
supersticyously  to  be  wele  learned,  and  is  muche  lyke  to  those 
folysh  questyoDBi  whych  our  great  Apostle  Augustyne  also,  asked 
of  Gregory  the  first. 

Joannis  de  Landuno  et  ffildebeHi  Cenomanensis,  Item  Amoldi 
de  nova  Villa]  et  similia.  Omnes  canones  sexti  universalis 
si/nodi. 

Joannes  de  Janduno  (not  Landuno)  wa8  a  very  wele  learned 
lawer  in  Italye,  companyon  with  Marsilius  de  Padua,  and  wrote 
agaynst  Johan  the  xxiii  as  I  nombre  the  Popes.  He  is  nom* 
bred  amonge  heretykes  of  Lutzenburgus>  Alphonsus,  and  other: 
hys  opinyons  were>  that  Christe  ascendynge  to  Heaven,  left  hys 
churche  without  a  vycar,  and  that  the  Pope  ought  to  be  sub- 
ject to  the  emperour  and  to  be  judged  of  hym :  as  Johan  Ba- 
senthorpe  hath  in  quar^to  sententiarum,  diet  17,  qneet  1.  Hys 
boke  agaynst  the  Pope  I  never  sawe,  but  the  wurke  of  Marsilius 
de  Padua,  de  potestate  imperatoria  et  Pdpce  I  have  seane  both 
written  and  printed:  for  thys  Joannes  de  Janduno,  loke  my 
fort  century  of  the  Brittysh  writers,  pag.  377 \ 

Ctf  Amoldus  de  Villa  nova,  I  have  seane  more  than  thre 
score  treatyscs  conceruynge  physyck :  and  for  your  purpose,  <fo 
esif.  camium  contra  Jacobitas,  Gladtum  jugulantein  contra  UiO- 
fnistas,  Allocutionein  Christi  ad  evangelii  professoreSyde  versidiis 

^  Of  TlikdeberHus  Ccnoiuaucnsis  I  have  liad  the  epistles  urittcm.   I 
have  also  had  hys  hyuiucs,  and  hys  eloquent  vei^scs  aiid  rrtucs. 


169 

pseudoth€ol4>gorufny  de  mysterio  cimbalorum  ecclesice,  de  consum- 
waiione  seculi  prophetiam  catholicam,  and  suche  other  small 
treatyses,  whych  were  never  yet  printed.  These  left  I  in  Ire- 
lande  and  knowe  not  at  thys  present,  what  is  become  of  them — 
for  thys  Amoldus  in  judgement  of  thynges,  loke  my  fort  centurye, 
pag.  358  et  pag.  359. 

Of  the  sixt  generall  eounsell,  holden  at  Constantinople  anno 
Domini  680  contra  Monothelitas,  I  fynde  nothynge,  but  that  the 
Latyne  masse  was  first  approved  there,  and  the  Latyne  mynysters 
depiyved  of  their  lawful!  wyves,  spyder  webbesin  wondreful 
coppye  fallynge  downe  from  above  upon  the  heades  of  the 
people,  to  the  marvelouse  astoynement  of  manye.  And  as  for 
the  Canons  of  that  synode,  in  dede  I  never  sawe  them  to  my 
knowledge.  I  can  not  tell  what  maistre  doctour  Nevynson  can 
saye  in  that  matter,  he  knoweth  it,  if  any  man  els  doth. 

IntegrcB  actiones  sextce  Cartaginensia  synodi. 

As  concemynge  the  sexte  counsell  of  Cartago,  anno  Domini 
420,  and  hys  integrall  actyons,  for  want  of  full  knowledge  in  the 
same  on  my  part,  I  wyshe  yow  to  fynde  out  amonge  the  sta- 
cyoners  of  London  a  boke  entytled  Scriptum  contra  primatum 
Papce,  set  fourth  by  lUyricus  anno  Domini  1550,  and  prented 
at  Magdeburg:  and  also  another  boke,  called  Historia  certami- 
num  inter  Bomanos  epiacopos  et  aextavi  Caridginensem  synodum, 
put  fourth  by  the  same  lUyricus  and  printed  at  Basyll  anno 
Domini  1554. 

Certamina  de  conjugio  sacerdotum  ante  aiinos  500  in  Germania 
et  Anglia  habita,  et  qualiacunque  scripta  de  ea  re,  pro,  sive 
contra. 

Thys  were  very  straunge  and  heardc  to  fynde  out,  for  Ger- 
manye  and  Englande,  if  we  shoulde  reckon  from  the  nativjrte  of 
Christe,  to  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  500 ;  for  in  those  day  es  was  there 
no  controversye  in  the  churche  of  God  about  suche  matter:  but 

13—2 


170 

only  that  Nicolaus  Advena,  Montanus,  Apelles,  and  other  lyke 
heretykes  contemptuously  dissolved  matrimonye.  But  I  knowe 
that  your  meanynge  is,  from  any  tyme  500  yeares  bacwardes, 
or  by  the  yeares  past :  begynnynge  at  the  yeare  of  our  Lorde  1160, 
and  so  ascendynge  to  thys  yeare  of  our  Lorde  1560.  In  dede 
besydes  that  was  done  before  by  dyverse  byshoppes  of  Rome, 
Pope  Hildebrande  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lorde  1074,  condempncd 
raarryage  in  the  prestos:  and  was  not  only  for  that,  but  for 
other  evyls  more  also,  withstanded  by  writynge,  of  Hugo  Candi- 
dus  Cardinalis  Praenestinus,  Waltramus  episcopus  Niembur- 
gensis,  Venericus  Vercellensis  episcopus,  Rolandus  Parmensis 
presbyter,  Sigebeii;us  Gemblacensis  monachus,  and  other  more. 
Benno  in  vita  Eildehrandi,  nombreth  xiii  Cardynals,  besydes 
hymself  whych  sharpely  impugned  hym. 

Moreover  certamina  Oermanorum  et  FrancQrum^  pro  defen- 
dendo  sacerdotum  conjugio^  in  suis  chronicis  historici  narrant, 
Conradus  Urspergensis,  Lambertus  Shafnaburgensis,  Sigehertus 
Gemblacensis,  Albertus  Crantzius,  Joannes  Nauclerus  et  alii. 
Their  writynges  are  extant.  Otho  byshopp  of  Constaunce  and 
Rathbodus  byshopp  of  Argentyne,  myghtely  than  resysted  the 
Pope  for  their  wyves.  A  little  afore  that  tyme  were  the  prestes 
with  their  wyves  put  out  of  Friswydes  college  at  Oxforde,  and 
regular  chanons  placed  in  their  rowmes  by  Pope  Nicolas  the 
seconde — for  thys  kynde  of  hystoryes  and  writers,  your  grace 
shall  nede  to  seke  no  farther  from  tyme  to  tyme  than  to  the  ap- 
pendices of  my  great  boke,  de  Scriptoribns  Britannice,  and  to  the 
seconde  part  of  my  Englysh  votaryes,  for  there  are  of  them  great 
plentye.  But  one  thynge  hath  muche  greved  me  and  yet  doth: 
that  the  noble  epistle  concemynge  thys  mattre,  which  was  sent 
by  Guldericus  Trajectensis  episcopus*  unto  Pope  Nicolas  the  first 

^  [This  has  been  nearly  erased,  and  another  hand  has  written  orer  it, 
<  Volusianus  Carthaginensis  episcopns.'  In  the  margin  is  the  note  (not  in 
liale's  hand),  ^  This  epistle  of  Yolutian  is  to  be  seene  at  Corpns  Ghristi 
College  in  Cambridge  in  a  very  old  hand.'  It  is  in  MS.  C.C.C.  ci,  29.  30.  Jt 
\a  printed  in  Brown's  F<ucicuius  rer,  expet  etfug.  ii.  p.  161.] 


171 

(whose  coppye  we  have)  shulde  be  falsely  attributed  to  Huldricus 
AugustaauSy  to  the  excedynge  blemyshynge  of  the  auctoryte  of 
the  same,  for  want  of  agrement  in  computacyon  of  years. 
Aeneas  Sylvius,  Bartholomaeus  Westmerus,  Joannes  Functius, 
doctor  Barnes,  doctor  Wulfgangus  Wissenburgius,  and  I  also 
formy  part  in  my  chronycle,  beynge  fowly  deceyved  in  the  same. 
But  now  through  longe  and  diligent  searche  God  hath  gyven  us 
to  fynde  out  the  truthe.  Thys  errour  came  first  from  Aeneas 
Sylvius. 

Ordo  Romanus.    Gemma  animce. 

Bemoldus,  ecclesue  Constantiensis  presbytery  about  fyve  hun- 
dred yeares  ago,  wrote  a  boke,  called  Ordo  Romanus,  as  Trite- 
mius  witneseth :  but  truly  I  never  sawe  it.  De  ritihus  Eomanorum, 
wrote  Christophorus  Marcellus,  and  that  I  have  seane  printed. 
Be  offidia  ecdesioB  wrote  Qelasius  primus,  Odo  Cluniacensis, 
Sathbodus  Trajectensis,  Amalarius  diaconus,  Qregorius,  Alcui* 
nus,  Beda,  Sydonius,  Paulus  diaconus,  Isuardus,  Sicardus  Cremo- 
nensis,  Joannes  Beleth,  Quilhelmus  Fiscanensis,  Ormundus  Sa- 
risburiensis,  Thomad  Eboracensis,  Kobertus  Camotensis,  Guil- 
helmus  Durandus,  Joannes  Thanetes,  Sibertus  de  Beka,  and  a 
great  sort  more. 

Gemma  antrnce  de  offidis  divinis  also,  contayneth  sex  bokes, 
and  was  made  by  Houorius  Augustodunensis.  Gemmu  eccleeice, 
made  by  Amalarius  diaconus,  I  sende  unto  your  grace  here, 
whome  I  borowed  for  your  occupyenge  of  maistre  Twyne,  the 
scolemaistre  of  Canterbury:  and  it  is  also  de  offidis  divinis. 
Giraldus  Cambrensis  wrote  also  Gemm^m  ecdedasticam,  whychat 
thys  present  I  have  not:  but  amonge  my  bokes  I  left  it  in  Irelande. 

HermecB  ecdesiastica  historia.  Anastasii  Biblioihecarii  eccledas- 
tica  qaoque  historia. 

■  Thys  Hermeas  with  hys  ecclesiastycall  hystorye  in  Greke, 
remayneth  styll  at  Borne,  as  I  suppose  in  Bibliotheca  Vaticana, 
and  is  not  yet  come  from  thens,  and  as  I  remembre,  Gesnerus 


172 

testifyeth  the  eame;  except  your  grace  meane  an  other,  whych  is 
called  Hermeas  Sozomenus,  whych  also  wrote  an  ecclesyastycall 
hystorye  in  is  bokes,  interpreted  by  MuhouIus,  imprinted  first  at 
Parys  in  Qreke,  by  Robert  Steven,  and  after  at  Basyll  in  Latyne, 
by  Frobenius,  Of  Anastasius  Bibliothecarius  Romanus,  I  have 
neyther  seane  the  Ecclesiastycall  hystorye  in  Greke,  neyther  yet 
hys  hUtoriam  Pontificum,r  aor  hys  vitcLS  Patrum. 

Landulphi  de  Columna  de  pontificibus. 
Of  thys  authour,  whych  was  Canonicus  CamoteTisis,  have  I 
redde  and  knowne  hym  also  to  be  alleged  of  manye.  But  hys 
boke  de  Banumis  pcmtifidbv^  whych  he  dedicated  to  Johan  the 
xxii  of  th^t  name,  as  he  reckoneth,  I  never  sawe  to  my  know- 
lege.  The  hystorye  of  Joannes  de  Ck)lumna»  called  Mare  mag- 
num historiarum  ab  initio  mundi  usque  ad  sua  tempora^  I  ha?Q 
seane  and  partly  perused.  He  wrote  after  Vincentius  Belva- 
censis,  called  Speculator^  and  hys  boke  was  printed  longe  ago  in 
a  very  olde  lettre.  Besydes  these,  wrote  also  de  vitis  Ponlificum, 
Guido  Bavennas,  Hugo  Floriacensi%  Sicardus  Cremonensis, 
GodfriduB  Viterbiensis  and  Martinus  Carsulanus  whych  t)oth 
are  printed:  Gervasius  RicoobaMua  Ferrariensis,  Ptoleok^eus 
Lucensis,  Platina,  Stella,  and  other  more. 

Chronica  Matthcei  Parys, 
Thys  chronycle  remayneth  in  the  custodye  of  my  lorde  of 
Anmdell*,  beynge  a  fay  re  boke,  and  written  in  an  olde  Latyne 
lettre.  It  belongeth  to  the  queues  majestyes  lybrary,  lent  by 
Bartylmew  Trihearon,  suche  tyme  as  he  had  the  kepynge  of  that 
lybrarye  in  kyn"ge  Edwardes  tyme.  It  were  muche  pytie  that 
that  noble  storye  shulde  p^ish  in  one  coppye — for  no  chronyde 
paynteth  out  the  byshopp  of  Rome  in  xaoce  Kvely  colours^  nor 

1  [This  is  the  MS.  of  the  Historia  Anghrum  of  Matthew  Paris,  dow 
MS.  Reg.  14  C.  vii.  Tbe  above  shews  that  Sir  F.  Madden  wa«  probablj 
mistaken  in  supposing  that  Bale  took  it  with  him  into  Ireland,  and  that  the 
K.  of  Amndol  only  acquired  after  his  death.  Pref.  to  the  Hitt  Anffior.  L 
pp.  xliii,  xllv.] 


173 

more  lyvely  declarctk  hys  execrable  procedyiiges>  than  it  doth. 
Marke  tberin  hys  more  than  Turkysh  occupyenges  with  kynge 
Henry  the  thirde,  after  he  had  ones  brought  hym  undre.  In 
theqnenes  lybrary  are  also  the  Chronycles  of  Wyllyam  Rishanger, 
whych  was  also  a  monke  of  S.  Albons  and  folowed  next  to  thys 
Matthew  Parys,  for  contynuacyon  of  these  hystoiyes.  There  are 
moreover  Chronica  Oervasii,  Chronica  GudUeri  Oisbume,  Cliro- 
nica  Sadulphi  Ntgri,  Chronica  Guilhdmi  Malmeaburiensis, 
Chronica  Henrici  Huntington,  Chronica  regum  Angliae^  Chronica 
Radidphi  de  Diceto,  Chronica  OuUhelmi  de  Nangis  monachi 
DUmysiani,  and  other  more. 

My  lorde  Paget  and  Sir  Johan  Mason  are  thought  to  have 
many  notable  monuments.... so  are  the  executoris  of  Mr  Doctor 
Secorde.  This  is  all  that  I  can  save  in  these  matters  at  thys 
tyme,  unlesse  ye  wolde  gyve  me  more  layser.  I  besyche  your 
grace  to  take  all  to  the  best,  to  accept  my  good  wyll,  and  to 
perdon  my  rudenesse,  for  that  I  have  not  written  in  so  due 
fourme  and  ordre,  as  the  wurthyenesse  of  thys  thynge  wolde 
requyre.  I  sende  unto  your  grace  here  by  thys  brynger,  a  very 
fewe  of  the  bokes  whych  I  have  collected,  and  they  are  sum- 
what  homely  to  peruse.  The  residue  are  great  volumes,  and  of 
muche  wayghte.  If  it  shall  please  your  grace  to  have  them,  I 
besych  you  to  charge  some  servaunt  of  yours  in  the  cuntray 
with  us,  to  see  to  the  carryage  of  them,  for  the  Lorde  wele  know- 
eth  that  I  am  not  therin  very  skyllfulL  Thus  I  commytt  your 
grace  with  your  most  fiiythfull  wyfe  and  famylye  to  the  tuycyon 
of  the  hyghest.  Written  from  Canterbury  the  xxx  daye  of 
July  1560. 

Your  graces  dayly  oratour 

JOHAN  BALE. 


XII.  A  Letter  from  Dr  Bentlby  to  Lord  Ciiax- 
CELLOR  King.  Communicated  by  the  Rev.  H.  R. 
liUARD,  M.A.,  University  Registrary. 


[December  2,  1867.] 


The  following  letter,  the  original  of  which  is  preserved  in  the 
University  Registry  *,  was  written  by  Dr  Bentley  to  Lord  Chau- 
cellor  King,  to  give  him  an  account  of  the  banquet  in  Trinity 
College  Hall,  given  to  George  II.,  on  the  occasion  of  the  royal 
visit  to  the  University  on  April  25,  1728.  This  was  the  occa- 
sion on  which  fifty-eight  persons  were  created  D.D.,  and  when 
the  king  gave  £2000  towards  the  completion  of  the  Senate- 
House.     See  Monk's  Bentley,  ii.  p.  266. 

My  Lord, 

I  know  y*  you  will  pardon  the  slow  return  of  Thanks  that 
I  now  make  for  your  great  Favour  to  me,  in  the  person  of  my 
Nephew  Mr  Forster.  I  was  then  hourly  fatiged  about  y*  prepa- 
rations for  the  King's  reception  here,  all  y*  Trouble  being  de- 
volved upon  my  shoulders  alone.  His  Majesty  dined  alone,  at 
an  elevated  Table,  which  commanded  the  sight  of  y®  whole  Hall, 
had  60  dishes  there ;  and  waited  on  by  12  young  Gentlemen 
Commoners  in  their  College  Gowns  of  Purple  Silk  and  Silver 

'  It  wag  given  by  William  King,  B.  of  Lovelace  (a  descendant  of  Lord 
Cliancellor  King),  to  Mr  Romilly,  late  Registrary  of  the  University,  and  by 
him  to  the  Uniycrsity. 


176 

Lace;  your  son  Mr  William*  being  y*  Principal  of  them.  All  was 
done  in  great  Splendour  &  great  Order;  and  what  y*  nobility  y' 
dined  here  told  me,  and  what  (as  I  hear)  the  King  himself  said, 
it  outdid  both  the  Coronation  Dinner  and  City  Feast.  We  had 
Tables  suflficient  to  hold  120  Guests,  besides  that  of  y*  Kings. 
I  hope  this  will  find  My  Lady  &  all  y'  good  Family  in  Health. 

I  am, 

Your  L*"  most  obliged  &  obedient  serv* 

RI.  BENTLEY 

Tbih.  Coll.  A^.  28,  1728. 

Addressed 

For  the  Bight  Honorable 

The  Lord  Chancellor 

King 

at  London 


*  [William  King  Hiatricalated  as  fellow-cominoner  of  Trinity  College, 
8  July,  1727.    He  never  graduated.] 


XIIL  On  thb  Mvsea  or  Studiola  in  Dr  Legge's 
Building  at  Caius  College.  Communicated 
by  Charles  C.  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.RS., 
Professor  of  Botant. 


[March  9,  1868.] 

It  is  well  known  that  in  the  mediaeval  state  of  our  Cblleges 
it  was  customary  for  several  undergraduates  to  inhabit  one  set 
of  rooms,  or  for  a  fellow  to  have  several  pupils  living  with  him. 
In  the  old  statutes  of  St  John's  College  it  is  ordered  that  not 
more  than  two  fellows  or  four  scholars  shall  be  required  to  keep 
in  the  same  rooms;  or  a  fellow  majr  have  a  set  of  rooms  con- 
jointly with  one  or  more  o(  his  own  pupils.  Also,  that  if  the 
Master  puts  a  fellow  into  rooms  with  scholars,  they  shall  be 
required  to  give  up  the  Tmaeo  $t  reliquis  commodis  to  the 
fellow,  even  if  the  sch<JaFS  had  the  rooms  before  the  fellow  was 
admitted  into  them  (Mayor's  Statutes  of  St  Johns,  167).  The 
total  change  in  our  habits  which  has  taken  place  has  rendered 
these  musea  oir  studiola  useless  for  their  original  object.  They 
l»ave  therefore  been  destroyed  or  altered  so  as  to  fonn  our  modem 
gyp-rooms  or  bed-rooms.  In  accordance  with  the  habits  of 
those  times,  the  beds  were  all  placed  in  the  chief  room  of  the 
set,  which  alone  had  a  fire-place  (or  indeed  was  sometimes  devoid 
of  one),  and  the  little  adjoining  rooms  constituted  the  studies,  of 
which  there  was  one  if  possible  for  each  of  the  occupants  of  the 
rooms,  who  used  the  larger  room  in  common.  Where  such  little 
rooms  did  not  exist,  it  was  usual  to  form  them  by  cutting  off  the 


178 

corner  of  the  large  room  by  lath  and  plaster  divisions  wherever 
a  window  could  be  made  to  give  light  to  the  space  so  shut  off. 
One  window  of  two  lights  was  sometimes  divided  so  as  to  give 
light  to  two  such  studies.     Professor  Willis  tells  me  that  in  the 
old  part  of  King's  College,  which  was  purchased  by  the  Uni- 
versity  in   1829  and  unfortunately  pulled  down,  the   sets  of 
studies  were  perfect.     No  plan  of  them  exists,  and  the  only  place 
where  the  studies  remain  as  originally  used  is  in  the  uppermost 
story  of  Dr  Legge's  building  (erected  in  1619)  at  Caius  College; 
and,  as  that  is  about  to  be  pulled  down,  it  is  desirable  to  pla^ 
upon  record  the  arrangement  found  there.     In  this  case  there 
neither  are  nor  ever  have  been  any  fire-places,  and  the  rooms 
must  therefore  have  been  very  comfortless  in  winter,  and  perhaps 
it  was  the  lodgers  in  such  places  who  used  to  run  round  the 
courts  just  before  they  went  to  bed,  to  warm  themselves.     The 
places  in  question  occupy  the  space  under  the  roof  of  the  build- 
ing.    There  are  two  staircases  and  two  rooms  at  the  top  of  each, 
divided  from  each  other  by  walls  of  lath  and  plaster.     One 
corner  in  one  of  them  and  two  corners  in  the  other  are  parti- 
tioned off  by  similar  walls.     The  plan*  will  shew  how  these 
partitions  are  placed.     The  studies  so  formed  are  very  small, 
and   each   of  them  had   a   two-light  window.     It  should  be 
remarked  that  these  attics  were  much  narrower  than  the  rooms 
below,  being  completely  within  the  roof.     Those  rooms  were 
about  19  feet  wide,  the  attics  only  9  feet.     The  floor  was  placed 
upon  tie-beams  connecting  the   rafters  at  4  feet  from  their 
lower  end.     Upon  them  queen-posts,  about  3  feet  high,  were 
raised,  to  which  the  lath  and  plaster  sides  of  the  attics  were 
attached.     The   roof  then   sloped  upwards  until  a  height  of 
7  feet  was  obtained  for  the  chamber ;  then  other  tie-beams  were 

^  The  woodcut  on  the  opposite  page  is  from  a  drawing  made  by  the 
Rev.  John  Lamb,  Fellow  of  the  College ;  and  the  Society  has  to  thank  Mr 
Lamb  for  allowing  this  use  to  be  made  of  the  plan.  The  scale  is  1  iDcfa 
to  8  feet. 


179 


I 


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H 


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I 

I 

S 
o 

I 

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si 

1 


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180 

placed  to  which  the  ceiling  was  fixed.  An  opening  was  made 
in  the  roof  for  each  window  to  obtain  light,  but  the  main  walls 
were  carried  up  in  front  so  as  to  prevent  any  horizontal  view 
from  them. 

As  no  repairs  have  been  done  to  these  places  for  many  years, 
and  they  have  long  been  used  as  lumber-rooms,  they  are  of  course 
now  in  a  very  deplorable  state ;  but  when  at  their  best,  it  is 
difficult  to  conceive  that  undergraduates  should  have  inhabited 
them.  There  is  however,  I  believe,  no  doubt  that  such  was  the 
case,  and  we  have  here  a  remarkable  illustration  of  the  great 
difference  between  the  ideas  of  comfort  held  by  our  academic 
predecessors  and  ourselves. 

Since  this  paper  was  read  to  the  Society,  I  have  examined 
many  of  the  rooms  in  the  Walnut  Tree  Court  of  Queens'  College 
(erected  under  Dr  Davenant  in  1617),  and  find  that  to  nearly  all 
of  them  there  are,  or  have  been,  three  small  rooms  attached, 
measuring  originally  about  five  feet  on  each  side,  and  which 
manifestly  were  the  studies  used  by  those  students  who  kept  in 
the  rooms. 


XIV.  An  Inventory  op  the  Stuff  in  the  College 
Chambers  (King's  College),  1598.  Communicated 
by  Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  University 
Librarian. 


[March  9,  1868.] 


The  reference  made  by  Professor  C.  C.  Babington,  in  Lis 
notice  of  the  musea  or  stndiola  at  Caius  College,  to  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  old  buildings  of  King's  College,  and  the  consequent 
loss  of  all  knowledge  of  their  internal  arrangements,  leads  me 
to  recall  the  attention  of  the  Society  to  a  curious  Inventory 
taken  in  1598,  which  I  discovered  some  years  ago  bound  up 
with  some  (|f  the  College  accounts  of  the  time  of  Edward  IV. 
and  Henry  VII.  I  laid  a  transcript  of  it  before  the  Society 
at  the  time ;  but  it  throws  so  much  light  on  the  nature  and 
arrangements  of  College  rooms  only  twenty  years  before  Dr 
Legge's  building  was  erected  at  Caius  College,  that  it  seems 
desirable  to  bring  it  more  prominently  forward,  especially  as 
the  one  account  materially  helps  to  explain  the  other. 

It  happens  that  in  our  Inventory  the  names  of  the  occu- 
pants of  the  rooms  have  been  added  at  the  side ;  a  circum- 
stance which  adds  much  to  the  value  of  the  document.  From 
the  weekly  and  quarterly  accounts  I  have  been  able  to  construct 
a  list  of  the  Collie  much  like  what  now  appears  in  the  Cam- 
bridffe  Calendar ;  and  a  glance  at  this  list  will  show  approxi- 
mately the  value  and  importance  of  the  different  sets  of  rooms.  It 
will  he  seen  that  each  room  contained  accommodation  for  tw.o 


182 

fellows  or  four  scholars,  and  almost  all  the  members  of  the 
college  were  in  constant  residence. 

The  ground-floor  rooms  are  here  called  by  the  names  by 
which  they  were  known  until  the  building  passed  into  the 
hands  of  the  University  between  forty  and  fifty  years  ago;  and 
the  present  Provost  was  able  to  tell  me  without  much  diflSculty 
where  the  several  rooms  stood.     The  two  views  of  the  interior 
of  the  old  court,  which  are  to  be  seen  in  Cooper's  Memorials  of 
Cambridge,  are  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  understand  the  position 
of  every  set  of  rooms  here  mentioned.     It  must  only  be  re- 
membered that  what  is  here  called  the  gate  was  not  what  we 
know  now  as  the  old  gateway  opposite  Clare  chapel,  but  the 
gate  in  the  passage,  commonly  called  Cow-lane,  by  which  the 
old  court  was  ordinarily  entered  on  the  south  side,  at  the  point 
where  the  eastern  end  of  the  new  south  Library  building  adjoins 
the  old  south  and  west  sides  of  the  Schools  quadrangle. 

This  entrance  is  seen  at  the  extreme  left  of  the  First  View  of 
the  aid  court  in  Cooper  s  Memorials.  The  low  fellows'  chamber 
next  the  gate  was  close  to  this;  then,  beyond  the  staircase 
turret,  came  Lions  Inn  and  Tailors  Inn  ;  then,  in  the  comer 
next  the  present  Clare  gateway  (of  course  not  visible  in  the 
engraving),  the  Tolbooih;  further,  between  this  last  and  the 
great  gateway,  Horsekeepers  Inn  and  Colliers  Inn,  Beyond 
the  great  gateway  were  Barbers  Inn  and  Cobblers  Inn;  and 
beyond  this  last,  the  north  side  of  the  court  with  the  HaQ  and 
other  buildings,  as  represented  in  the  Second  View  in  Cooper's 
Memorials,  The  treasury  was  immediately  over  the  great 
gateway.  The  first  middle  chamber  occupied  the  space  over 
the  passage  called  Cow-lane  and  the  'low  fellows  chamber  next 
the  gate';  the  second  middle  chamber  over  Lions  Inn,  and  so 
on  with  the  others.  The  first  middle  chamber,  next  the  Uni- 
versity Library  was,  on  the  erection  of  Gibbs's  building  in  1728, 
used  as  a  Combination-room  for  the  fellows. 

This  short  statement  seems  necessary  by  way  of  cxpla* 


183 

nation.  The  laventory  itself  contains  a  statement  of  other 
things  besides  the  contents  of  the  rooms  inhabited  by  the 
fellows  and  scholars  of  the  College ;  but  I  have  not  thought  it 
necessary  to  print  these  portions  here.  Such  pensioners  as 
there  were,  whether  commeneales  ad  mensam  soctorwm  or  8ch<y- 
larium,  seem  to  have  lived  on  the  south  side  of  the  chapel, 
but  there  is  no  mention  of  them  in  this  volume.  The  book 
itself  is  the  last  article  ini  a  volume  called  'Bursars  Accounts, 
vol.  5/  extending  from  1482  to  1491,  and  seems  to  have  found 
its  way  here  by  mistake,  lliese  accounts  were  bound  during 
the  bursarship  of  Edward  Betham,  who  was  afterwards  a  Fellow 
of  Eton,  and  is  known  in  the  University  as  one  of  the  principal 
benefactors  to  the  Botanic  Garden  ;  but  since  his  time  the  book 
seems  to  have  escaped  all  notice. 


Anno  Domini  1598 

An  Inventakye  of  the  Stuff  in  the 
CoLLEDGE  Chambers 


Mr 

Tredway 
Db  Sannden 


.  The  first  midle  Chamber 

Inprimis  a  Trundle  bed  corded 

Item  vij  Iron  casements 

Item  vj  wood  leaves  for  the  windowes 

Item  a  leade  with  a  pype  to  washe  in 

Item  a  standing  bedstead  with  turned  posts 

Item  a  lock  &  kay  &  a  ring  &  a  bolt  on  the 

Chamber  dore 
Item  ij  shelves  by  the  bed  syde 


Mr 
Monk 
Nowion 


The  seconde  midle  Chamber 

Inprimis  vij  Iron  casements 
Item  vj  woodden  leaves  for  the  wyndowes 

14 


184 

Item  a  presse  for  books  in  the  vpper  studdye 

with  4  shelves 
Item  a  locke  a  handle  &  2  bolts  on  the  vtter 

Chamber  dore 
Item    a    halfe    head    bedsteade    of   walnuttree 

varnished  vpon  layd  in  woorke 
Item  a  round  table  &  vj  playne  Joyned  stooles 
Item  a  foote  pase  before  the  Chimney 
Item  a  litle  table  in  the  lower  studdye 
Item  a  laver  with  a  spoute  of  leade 


Mr  The  third  middell  Chamber 

Oostwioke 
lAncaster  Ben*      Inprimis  a  playne  ioyned  oken  portaU 

Item  iijj  Iron  casements  &  one  of  woodd 

Item  a  standing  bedstead  without  pilleis 

Item  V  woodden  leaves  for  the  windowes 

Item  a  locke  and  a  bolt  of  the  Chamber  dore 

Item  ij  casements  of  Iron  in  the  lower  studdye 

Item  a  locke  on  the  same  studdy  Dore  belowe 

Item  a  dore  for  the  colehowse  belowe 

Item  a  standing  bedstead  &  ij  casements  in  the  lofle 

Item  a  table  of  waynscott  &  ij  ioyned  formes  in  the 

Chamber 
Item  a  newe  Cisteme  or  a  troughe  of  leade  in 

the  Chamber 
Item  waynscott  before  the  said  Cisteme  &  before 

the  lesser  northe  wyndowe 
Item  the  great  crests  of  oke  for  the  hangmgs 


Mr  Lynn  The  fowrthe  Middell  Chamber 

Mr  Hieron 

Inprimis  vj  casements  of  Iron 
Item  iiij  Leaves  for  the  windowes 
Item  a  laver  of  leade  for  water 


185 

Item  a  standing  bedsteade  &  a  trundell  bedstead 
Item  a  locke  &  boult  for  the  chamber  dore 
Item  a  waynscott  table  &  ij  formes 

Mr  The  fyfthe  middell  Chamber 

Shazpe  '' 

Ohaoe  Inprimis  x  leaves  for  the  wyndowes 

Item  X  yron  casements 
Item  a  portall  Dore  with  locke  and  a   presse 

at  the  back  of  the  same  portall 
Item   ij    waynscott    presses    in    the    "wyndowes 

wherein  the  Colledge  hathe  xxs 
Item  a  trundell  bedd 
Item  a  double  iron  casement  &  one  of  woodd 

in  Oallarye 
Item  a  newe  table  with  a  moveable  cover  &  ij 

formes  with  ij  stooles  of  waynscott 
Item  a  booke  presse  with  a  wryting  table  in  the 

Gallarye  and  a  locke  on  the  Dore  thereof 
Item  a  leaden  Laver  with  a  troughe  &  spoute 
Item  in  the  standing  bedsteade  xvj  s 

^Mr  The  sixt  middell  Chamber 

Banister 

liMicagteriu'       Inprimis  a  halfe  heade  bedsteade  corded 
Item  a  trundle  bedsteade 
Item  viij  casements  of  Iron  &  one  of  woodd  in 

the  Chamber 
Item  V  leaves  for  the  wyndowes 
Item  a  water  Lead  to  wasshe  in 
Item  the  gallary  without  furniture 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  of  the  Cham'  dore 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  on  the  gallarye  dore 
Item  a  studdye  well  desked  on  2  sydes  with  4  shelves 
Item  a  wryting  table  or  bord  in  the  studdye 
•  14—2 


186 

Item  a  bord  in  the  wyndowe  &  a  leafe  to  sbutt 

&  horded  also  ynder  the  wyndow 
Item  ij  rodds  of  Iron  for  curtons  in  y*  Chamber 

wyndowes 
Item  a  square  table  with  a  frame  &  ij  formes 
Item  a  frame  for  books  with  vij  shelves 
Item  a  Double  Casement  next  to  Qeare  hall  in 

y*  gallarye  with  ij  openings  of  Iron 
Item  an  other  double  casement  of  Iron  in  f 

east  ende 
Item  a  litle  Cupbord  with  dores  for  candlesticks 

&  trenchers  behynde  the  Chamber  dore 


Mr  Lysle 
Mr  Bidden 


bought  of  Mr 
Clark  at  his 
Departing  by 
John  Cowell 
Baraer  for  268. 


The  seventh  Middle  Chamber 

Inprimis  a  trundle  beddsteade 

Item  a  portall  of  waynscott  with  a  presse  ioyned 

to  yt  of  bords  with  locke  &  kay  &  2  payre 

of  fiayre  hangells 
Item  a  Courte  Cubborde  of  oke 
Item  iiij  douUe  casements  of  Iron  &  one  of  woodd 
Item  9  leaves  for  the  windowes 
Item  a  lead  with  a  spoute  for  a  lavor  to  washe 
Item  a  gallary  with  a  litle  table 
Item  a  frame  of  oke  for  books 
Item  ij  casements  of  wood  &  ij  leaves  for  wyndowes 
Item  a  locke  &  ij  bolts  for  y^  dore 
Item  a  studdye  desked  &  shelved  rounde 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  for  the  dore  of  the  studdye 
Item  the  ledges  for  the  hangs  in  the  Chamlier 
Item  a  Double  Iron  Casement  with  ij  opeDings 

in  the  studdye 
Item  a  round  Drawing  table  in  the  Chamber 
Item  a  waynscott  bedstead  with  a  Tester 


187 

gj^^  The  eight  middell  Chamber 

D'Goadesen*      Inprimis   a   waynscott    settell   and   viij    doable 
casements  of  Iron  &  viij  Leaves  for  the  windowes 
Item  the  studdy  hanged  with  greene  say 
Item  a  litle  vpper  Chamber  waynscotted 
Item  for  a  waynscott  presse  there  is  a  waynscott 

portall  newe 
Item    in    the    gallarye    in    the    west    ende    a 
waynscott  Cubborde 

MrMoRiMm  The  first  vpper  Chamber 

DaFeon 

Inprimis  a  locke  &  a  kay  tor  the  dore,  &  a  ring 

and  a  handle  &  a  boult 
Item  vj  Iron  Casements  whereof  ij  of  y""  were 

bought  with  the  pryce  of  the  ould  table  & 

forme 
Item  a  bedsteade  in  y*  gallarye 

1598  The  seconde  vpper  Chamber 

ly  AMem  Inprimis    a    standing    bedstead    with    head    & 

tester    of   wood   with   a    trundle   bed   bothe 

corded 
Item  a  long  table  vpon  a  fiume  &  ij   (broken) 

formes  one  of  them  broken 
Item   a   presse   with  ij    leaves    &  ij    payre  of 

hangells 
Item  iiij  Iron  Casements  &  ij  of  wood 
Item  yj  leaves  for  the  windowes 
Item  a  portaU  with  a  latche 
Item  a  leade  &  a  cocke  to  wasshe  with 
Item  ij  studyes  locks  &  kayes 
Item  a  lofte  with  a  dore 
Item  on  the  Chamber  dore  a  locke  &  kay,  a 

ring  &  ij  bolts  of  Iron 


188 


Mr  KiTig 
Ds  Marahe 
1598 

[MrFaldoe 
1)8  Griffin  in 
1600] 


Mr  Osbaston 
1598 


Item  iij  newe  wyndowes  of  Joyned  oke  whereof 
one  hathe  a  presse  in  yt 

The  third  vpper  Chamber 

Inprimis  a  trundle  bedstead  corded 

Item    iij     woodden    Casements    and    ij    Iron 

double  Casements 
Item  iiij  woodden  Leaves  for  the  wyndowes 
Item  a  lead  to  wasshe  with  a  cocke 
Item  a  studdye  in  the  Chamber  with  lock  & 

kay 
Item  a  woodden  Casement  in  y*  studdie 
Item  iij  shelves  &  ij  desks 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  and  a  handell  on  the  Chamber 

dore 
Item  a  portall  Dore  to  the  vpper  studdye 

The  fourthe  vpper  Chamber 

Inprimis  a  trundle  beddsteade 

Item  a  studdye  in  y*  southewest  comer  of  y* 

Chamber 
Item  the  haUe  charge  both  of  a  portaU  &  of  a 

fayre  waynscott  table,  and  vj"  viij**  towards  the 

hangings  by  the  deathe  of  S'  Dorrell 
Item  a  fayre  Joyned  forme  of  oke  &  a  settell  of  oke 
Item  iiij  double  Casements  of  woodd  in  y®  Chamber 
Item  one  Casemente  of  woodd  in  y*  east  studdye 
Item  iiij  leaves  for  the  wyndowes  in  the  Chamber 
Item  a  presse  with  2  locks  &  2  kayes 
Item  a  lead  with  a  cock  to  wasshe  in 
Item  a  fayre  Double  locke  on  the  Chamber  Dore 

with  one  Kaye 
Item  an  other  Double  lock  with  a  Klay  for  the  Dore 

on  the  southewest  studdye 


189 

MrOarke  The  fyveth  vpper  Chamber 

Bs  Slater  ^  ^^ 


1598 


Inprimis  a  table  of  oke  &  a  long  settell  to  y^  same 

covered  with  seeling,  which  seeling  is  not  y* 

CoUedges. 
Item  a  trundle  bed  of  oke  corded  of  4'  price 
Item  iiij  doble  casements  of  wood  &  iiij  leaves  for  y* 

windowes 
Item  a  lead  with  a  spoute  to  wasshe  with 
Item  a  forme,  and  a  locke  &  kaye  to  the  Chamber 

dore 
Item'  a  standing  bed  brought  out  of  M'  Fosters 

Chamber  1586 


Mr  The  sixt  vpper  Chamber 

1593®*^         Inprimis  the  seeling  vnder  the  windowes 

Item  a  ioyned  waynscott  portall  with  hangells  a 

latche  and  a  bolt 
Item  iiij  Iron  casements 
Item  a  studdye  Desked  rounde  with  iij  shelves 

covered  with  greene  clothe 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  to  the  Chamber  dore 
Item  a  gaUarye  with  a  long  shelve  for  books 


^Mr  The  seventhe  vpper  Chamber 

159^  Inprimis  a  square  table  with  turned  feete 

Item  a  settell  with  a  waynscott  back 
Item  a  standing  bedsteade  &  a  trundle  bedd  corded 
Item  a  locke  &  kay  on  the  Chamber  dore 
Item  ij  Joyned  formes  to  y«  table 
Item  ij  newe  stoole  windowes  on  the  west  syde 
of  the  Chamber  whereof  one  in  the  studdye 
on  the  west  syde  by  the  Chimneye 


190 

^™  The  eight  vpper  Chamber 

1698  Inprimis  iiij  glased  windowes 

Item  the  gallarye  at  xzxiijs  iiijd 

Item  a  backsyde  of  a  portall 

Item  ij  formes  ioyned  woork 

Item  a  fayre  waynscott  syde  table 

Item  a  truckell  bedd  steade 

Item  a  locke  &  kay  to  the  Chamber 

•Item  a  litle  dore  to  the  Leadds  aboue 

DrShepard  The  Chamber  over  the  pantree 

Ds  Taylor 

Inprimis  a  table  with  a  frame  a  forme  &  a  benche 

Item  a  studdye  in  the  Chamber  ouer  y*  hall  porche 

Those  thii^  that  Mr  Turswell  left  in  this 

Chamber  &  gave  to  the  Coll* 

Inprimis  a  portall   of  waynscott  with  latche  & 

catche  in  the  Chamber  dore  at  x' 
Item   ij   Andiorons  a  fyar  pan  and  a  payre  of 

tongues  iij"  iiij* 
Item  a  Cisterne  of  lead  with  cock  &  spoute  t" 
Item  the  glasse  in  the  Chamber   with  iij  Iron 

casements  viij' 

In  the  gallarye  belowe 
Item  a  waynscott  dore  with  hangells  &  a  double 

locke  &  a  kay  belonging  to  y* 
Item  a  portall  of  waynscott  with  latche  catche 

locke  &  kay  Altering  into  the  lowe  gallaiye 
Item  a  glasse  windowe  Item  a  paynted  clothe  in 

this  gall' 
Item  a  standing  bedsteade 

the  vpper  Chamber 
Item  a  dore  at  the  stayre  foote  with  a  Double  locke 

&  kay 


191 

Item  a  payre  of  stayres  into  the  Chamber 
Item  a  gyrt  windowe  into  the  Courte  with  an  Iron 

casement  glased  Item 
Item  a  portall  with  locke  &  kay  latche  &  catche 

&  ij  hangells 
Item  a  windowe  towards  the  west  with  ij  Iron 

Casments  wholly  glased 
Item  a  gyrt windo[w  toJwardstheNorthewith  ij  Iron 

Casments  well  glased 
Item  a  presse  of  waynscott 
Item  a  Dore  into  y*  leads  with  a  bolt 
Item  a  standing  bedstead  in  the  vpper  Chamber 

with  a  waynscott  testeme 
Item  the  Colehowse  belowe  in  lewe  of  the  Cole- 

howse  with  2  Iron  casements 

Sfy??^®'  The  Chamber  over  the  old  buttree 

^*  Inprimis  ij  corded  bedsteads 

Item  a  drawing  windowe 
Item  a  studdye  xx" 
Item  a  benche  of  oke 
Item  ij  loyned  formes  of  oke 
Item   a   square  table  of  oke  vpon  a  frame  in 

place  of  the  table  with  ij  tressells 
Item  a  portall  of  oke 

Item  2  casments  of  Iron  &  the  glasse  windowe 
Item  a  studdye  entering  into  the  Chamber 

d!oS^'^'*  The  Chamber  over  the  Treasurye 

^  Inprimis  a  bedstead 

Item  a  table  a  benche  &  a  forme  in  the  Chamber 
Item  parte  of  the  nether  gallary  at  xv' 
Item  a  standing  bed  in  the  vpper  gallary  corded 
Item  an  vpper  gallarye 


Ds  Sam! ord 
DflParr 
1598 


192 

The  lowe  Fellowes  Chamber  next  y*  gates 
Inprimis  a  staading   bedstead   with    a    trundle 

beddstead 
Item  the  southe  studdy  free 
Item  the  other  studdyo  x' 
Item  iij  wyndowes  glased  with  v  double  casements 

of  wood  &  leaves  for  the  windowes 
Item  a  portall  &  ij  formes 
Item  a  table  vpon  a  frame 


Ds  Griffin 
Johnson 

1598 
[Barlow 
WyviUju'] 


The  first  Scholers  Chamber  next  the  gate 
called  Lyons  Inn 

Inprimis  4  bedsteads  corded 
Item  a  table  with  ij  formes 
Item  a  studdye  &  a  presse 
Item  vj  leaves  to  the  windowes 


Ds  MUton 
Warberton 

1598 
[Hieron 
Wilson?] 


Ds  Howgrave 
DWoodd 

1598 
[WyveU  sen* 
Slater] 


Taylors  Inn 
The  2  Scholers  Chamber 

Inprimis  4  bedsteads  corded 

Item  a  benche  &  a  forme  with  a  table  on  a  firame 

Item  a  lettyse  in  the  windowe 

Item  V  leaves  for  the  windowes 

Item  a  studdye  at  vij'  without  furniture 

Item  a  portall 

The  Tolebothe 
The  third  Scholers  Chamber 

Inprimis  4  bedsteads  corded 
Item  a  table  &  2  formes 
Item  a  studdy  at  xij' 
Item  an  other  studdye  at  xxiiij' 
Item  4  leaves  for  the  windowes 


193 

Item  an  old  presse  of  bords  converted  into  the 

raysing  of  3  Btuddyes 
Item  a  portall 


I>8 

Montague 
Biadbefiye 

1698 
[Hyiida 
Edlett] 


Horskepers  Inn 
The  fourthe  SchoUers  Chamber 

Inprimis  4  bedstedds  whereof  2  corded 

Item  a  table  a  benche  &  a  portall 

Item  a  studdye  at  vi*  viij* 

Item  an  other  at  xiiij' 

Item  ij  leaves  for  the  windowes 


Ds 
Woodjere 
Tftjlor 

1598 
[Browne] 


Colliers  Inn 
The  5th  Schollers  Chamber 

Inprimis  iij  bedsteades 
Item  in  a  ioyned  table  ij" 
Item  a  forme  &  a  benche 
Item  the  old  studdye  at  xj' 
Item  ij  leaves  for  the  wyndowes 
Item  a  lettyse  to  the  great  windowe 


BHynd 
Tayler 
1598 
n^oodhaU 
Smitlisoii] 


The  6th  Sch'  Chamber 
Barbers  Inn 

Inprimis  iiij  bedsteads  corded 

Item   a  ioyned  table  with    a    frame^    a  forme 

&  a  benche 
Item  a  presse 

Item  leaves  to  the  wyndowes  v 
I4«m  the  studdye  at  ij'  vj* 
Item  in  the  same   studdye  a  glasse  wyndowe 

with  a  casment 


194 


D  Archbold 
D  Gonge 

15d8 
pickentaffe 
Bateman] 


The  Coblers  Inn 
The  7th  Schollers  Chamber 

Inprimis  4  bedsteads  a  forme  &   4   leaves  for 
the  wyndowes 


Ds  Langley 
Ds  Porter 

1598 
[SajweU] 


The  blockhowse 
The  8th  SchoF  Chamber  behinde  the  haU 

Inprimis  3  bedsteads  &  a  table  with  a  bnme 

Item  a  forme  &  a  benche 

Item  the  lesser  studdye 

Item  2  Casements  of  wood 

Item  a  locke  &  kay  to  the  Chamber  dore 


The  Newe  Parlor 

Inprimis  a  fayre  long  table  of  waynsoott  with  iij 

formes  therunto  belonging  of  waynsoott 
Item  a  Courte  Cubborde  of  waynsoott 
Item  the  parlor  all  seeled  with  waynsoott 
Item  ij   bng  Curten  rodds   with  ij  greene  say 

Curtens  for  the  wyndowes 
Item  a  plate  Candlestick 
Item    Iron  Casements 


As  there  are  numerous  alterations  in  the  MS.  made  during 
the  years  1600 — 1605,  which  it  would  be  extremely  difficulty  if 
not  impossible,  to  represent  intelligibly  in  print,  I  have  done 
my  best  to  give  the  inventory  as  originally  drawn  up  in  1598. 
There  are  but  three  fellows  whose  names  are  not  found  here, 
William  Faldoe,  Richard  Cooke,  and  Thomas  Griffin.  On 
the  other  hand  two  names  occur,  Mr  Sharpe  and  Ds  Samford, 
both  of  whom  ceased  to  be  fellows  on  the  18th  of  Augiwt 
1698.  Faldoe  and  Griffin  may  have  been  occupying  these  rooms 
at  Christmas,  1598;  at  any  rate  they  appear  in  1600  as  joint 
occupants  of  one  room  which  had  changed  hands  during  the 


195 

interval;  and  the  Commons  books  shew  that  they  were  in 
residence.  Cooke  was  absent  on  leave,  being  a  master  at  Eton; 
and  this  wUl  account  for  the  fact  that  the  uppermost  room  at 
the  comer  next  Clare  is  the  only  fellow's  room  which  has  but 
one  occupant,  Mr  Osbaston.  The  old  court  seems  thus  to  have 
been  made  to  afford  the  precise  amount  of  accommodation  that 
was  necessary  for  the  seventy  members  of  the  foundation* 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  College  as  it  stood  at  Christ- 
mas 1598.    The  statutable  regulations  about  diverting  fellows 
to  particular  studies  were  rigorously  observed  in  Provost  Goade's 
time,  and  the  Students  in  Divinity  (S.D.),  in  Law  (S.C.L.),  in 
Medicine  (S.M.),  and  in  Astronomy  (Stud.  AsirJ)  have  been 
pointed  out  from  the  entries  in  the  books  of  protocols  in  the 
College  archives*   Perhaps  the  most  remarkable  thing  is  that  the 
oldest  fellow  then  on  the  list  was  admitted  from  Eton  eight  years 
subsequent  to  the  election  of  Dr  Goade  as  Provost,  and  only  one 
and  twenty  years  earlier  than  the  youngest  member  of  the 
College.    The  extreme  youtbfulness  of  the  whole  of  such  a  large 
body  of  fellows  is  a  fact  which  it  is  very  difficult  for  us  to  realise 
in  the  present  day,  while  it  accounts  for  a  good  deal  of  the 
SGhoolma^r  ai^d  schoolboy  state  of  things  which  is  so  notice- 
able in  the  records  of  the  prooeedings  of  that  period. 

As  there  would  be  a  certain  amount  of  blank  space  on  the 
page,  I  have  added  the  date  of  admission  of  each  Fellow  and 
Scholar,  and  his  age  at  his  election  at  Eton,  in  all  cases  obtained 
from  the  College  registers,  as  the  names  and  dates  in  the  printed 
Begistrum  Regale  are  very  inaccurate.  The  asterisk  prefixed  to 
any  one's  name  signifies  that  he  was  in  priest's  orders  at  Christ- 
mas, 1598. 


KING'S    COLLEGE. 
Christmas,  1598. 

ProvoH. 

Admitted  from  Eton 

♦Goade,  Roger,  M,  A.,  P.D.,  aclmitted  March  19, 1569  ...    Sept  1, 1555  (17) 


196 


Senior  Fellofcs. 

Admitted  from  EXoB 

♦Monk,  Thomas,  M.A.,  B.D.,  Viee-Provost  (19)        Aug.  28, 1577 

♦Banister,  Henry,  M.A.,  B.D.,  Dean  qf  Divinity  and 

Zdbrarian  {19)         Atig.27, 1579 

♦Sutton,  Richard,  M.A.,  S.D.,  Bursar  and  CaUchUt  (18)1 

♦Clarke,  Thomas,  M.A.,  B.D.  (18)        |Bept4,] 

Sheppard,  William,  M.A.,  M.D^  Dean  qf  Arts  and  Phi- 
losophy Lecturer  {l^) Sept  1,1682 

Chace,  William,  M.A.,  S.M.  (18)    

♦King,  Geoffrey,  M.A.,  S.D.  (16)         

Tredway,  Humfrey,  MA.,  S.D.  (16)     

Lysle,  Waiiam,  M.A,  S.C.L.  (16)         

Morrison,  Thomas,  M.A.,  S.C.L.,  Bursar  (20)    ... 

♦Gofltwicke,  Roger,  M.A.,  S.D.,  Dean  of  Arte  and  Philo- 
sophy Lecturer  (18)      

Lancaster,  Thomas,  M.A.,  S.D.  (18)      

Newton,  Fogg,  M.  A.,  S.D.,  Bursar  (18)       


,1581 


1583 


''*  j  Aug.  24, 

••"JAug.17,1684 
•••J 


'  Aug.  24, 1586 


Fellows. 

Raven,  Miles,  M.A.,  Stud.  Astr.,  Chreek  Lecturer  (18)      ...    Mar.  29, 1687 

Bidden,  Abraham,  M.A.,  S.D.  (19)       \ 

Osbaston,  Robert,  MJL.,  S.D.  (17)        J^  Aug.  28»  1687 

Ward,  Robert,  M.A.,  S.D.  (17)     \ 

•Rame,  Thomas,  M.A.,  aD.  (18)   J^  Aug.  24, 1588 

Lancaster,  Richard,  M.A.,  S.D.  (17)    

Marshe,  Nicholas,  M.A.,  S.D.  (18)        \  Sept  6, 1589 

Lynn,  Edward,  M.A.,  S.D.  (18)     

*Hieron,  Samuel,  MJl.,  S.D.  (18)        

Faldoe,  William,  M.A.^  S.D.  (17) 

Sheafe,  Herman,  M.A.,  S.D.  (18) 

Goade,  Matthew,  B.A  (16)    

Saunders,  Robert,  B.A.  (18) 

Collins,  Samuel,  B.A.  (15)      

Goade,  Thomas,  B.  A.,  Junior  Lecturer  (16) 

Aldem,  John,  B.A.,  Junior  Lecturer  (18) 

Weaver,  Thomas,  B.A.,  JuniorLecturer  (18)     ... 

Taylor,  Thomas,  B.A.  (16)      }•  Sept  1, 1692 

Griffin,  John,  B.A  (17) 

Langley,  Thomas,  B.A.  (16) 

Outred,  William,  B.A.  (17)    

♦Cooke,  Richard,  B.A.  (17)    Sept  30, 1592 


!."JABg.24, 
...1  Aug.  26, 


1590 


1691 


197 


Bust,  Matthew,  B.A.  (17) 
Woodyer,  Wmiam,  B.A.  (18) 
Howgraye,  Henry,  B^A..  (16) 
Slater,  William,  B.A.  (17) 
Pair,  Elnaihan,  B.A.  (16) 
Hynde,  Edward,  BjL  (17)      . 
Comns,  Daniel,  B.A.  (15)       . 
Paske,  William,  B.A.  (17)      . 
Milton,  John,  B.A.  (16)  ...     . 
Porter,  Thomas,  B.A.  (17)      . 
Griffin,  Thomas,  B.A.  (17) 
Montagu,  Richard,  KA.  (16) 


Admitted  fipom  Eton 

^  Aug.  24,  1693 

Sept.  17, 1593 

Ang.  24, 1594 


Archhold,  John  (15) 
Fenn,  Thomas  (17)  ... 
Bradbury,  Thomas  (17) 
Wood,  Gerard  (17)  ... 
Gouge,  William  (16) 
Taylor,  William  (16) 


Junior  Fellofc*. 


...J 


^  Aug.  25,  1595 


Scholar: 


Warberton,  William  (17) 
Johnson,  Arthur  (19)      ... 

Taylor,  Caleb  (18)    

BickerBtaffe,  James  (18)  ... 
Woodhall,  Edmnnd  (17) ... 
Smithaon,  John  (18) 

Wyvell,  Francis  (17) 

Hynde,  Edmund  (17)  ... 
Hieron,  Thomas  (16) 

Slater,  John  (17)     

Bateman,  Richard  (16)  ... 
Barlow,  Wyiiam  (15)  ... 
KeUett,  Bdward  (15)  ... 
Browne,  Thomas  (15) 
Wyyell,  William  (15)  ... 
^ilBOD,  Edmund  (15)  ... 
Saywell,  Thomas  (16)      . . . 


...    Aug.  24, 1596 
Aug.  29, 1597 
.    Sept  19, 1597 


Aug.  25, 1598 


Hill,  William 
Ansham,  William 
Locke,  Thomas 


Marshall 


198 
Fettofe'Cammonerg. 


Fisher 

Ansham,  Gideon 
Leventhorpe,  John 


Scholar-Commoners. 
I     Dawbome 


ConduetM  and  Clerks, 


*WiIliam6on,  Henry,  M.A. 
♦Siddall,  Adam,  M.A. 
♦Murrey,  William,  B.A. 
Wilkinson,  Robert,  B.A. 
Hammond,  Thomas,  Master  qf 
the  Choristers 


Tibbold,  John 
Hutton,  Richard 
Rowse,  Edward 
Pomfrett,  John 

Power,  John,  Notary  PubliCy  Bur- 
sar^  Clerk  and  Registrar 


Ewsden 
Throgmorton 
Lancaster 
Cacott 


Feasor 
Mosse 
Weaver 
Pryme 


Choristers, 

Crosfeild 
Hogkins 
Bmythe 
Weale 


Daye 
Bromsall 
Burnett 
Burton 


Benefices  in  the  patronage  qf  the  College,  with  the  names  qf  the  Incum- 
bents and  the  date  qf  their  presentation. 


Cambr. 

Devon 

Dorset 

Essex 

Hants 


Lane. 
Line. 
Norf. 


Suff. 
Warw. 

Wilts 


Kingston,  R.     William  Smyth,  M.A.,  D.D.  July  8^  1596 

Sampford  Oourtenay,  R.  Michael  Oosworth    

Stower  Preaux,  K   John  Turner,  M. A Apr.  23, 1585 

Dunton  Waylett^  R William  Kettell,  M.A, Sept.17,1693 

Fordingbridge,  V William  Henson,MA..,B.D.  Nov.  3,  1579 

Monkston,  R Adam  Robins,  M.  A Mar.  29, 1582 

Ringwood,  V.    Osmond  Lakes,  M.A.,  B.D.  Dec.  13,1579 

Prescot,  Y Thomas  Meade,  M.A Dea  5,  1583 

Willoughton,  V.    Henry  Greene   July  15,1562 

Coltishall,  R.    ) 

Horeted,R.      { Nicholas  Aylande,  BA.   ...  Mar. 31, 1564 

Lessingham,  K Frauds  Spooner,  B.A July  9,  1582 

Toft  Monks,  R.    )           «^.,.     .     ,        „.  ^ 

Haddiscogh,  R.   ) Phibp  Ansham,  M.A Nov.  22,1592 

West  Wrotham,  R.  Robert  Coony,  M.A.,  B.D.  Sept  1, 1579 

Finborough  Parva,  V. ... 

Wootton  Waven,  V.     . .  .John  Mascall,  B.A Aug.l8, 1580 

Broad  Chalke,  V John  Archer,  M.A July  19,1576 


XV.  On  some  Entries  relating  to  the  Marriage 
AND  Children  of  John  More,  apparently  the 
Father  of  Sir  Thomas  More.  Communicated 
by  WiLLUM  Aldis  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity 
College. 


[Mardi  9,  1868-] 

A  short  time  ago  I  found  the  following  entries  relating  to 
a  family  of  the  name  of  More,  on  two  blank  leaves  of  a  MS. 
in  the  Gale  collection  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College.  The 
class-mark  of  the  volume  is  O.  2.  21.  Its  contents  are  very 
miscellaneous.  Among  other  things  is  a  copy  of  the  poem  of 
Walter  de  Biblesworth,  printed  by  Mr  Thomas  Wright  in  his 
volume  of  Vocabidaries  from  the  Arundel  MS.  The  date  of 
this  i9  early  fourteenth  century.  The  names  of  former  pos- 
sessors of  the  volume  are  'Le:riudd'  and  'G.  Carew* ;  the 
latter  being  probably  Sir  George  Carew,  afterwards  Earl  of 
Totnes.  The  entries  which  I  have  copied  are  on  the  last  leaf 
and  the  last  leaf  but  one  of  the  volume.  I  have  added  the 
dates  in  square  brackets,  and  expanded  the  contractions. 

15 


200 

'M*  quod  die  dominica  in  vigilia  Sancti  Marce  Evangeliste 
Anno  Regni  Begis  Edwardi  quarti  post  conquestum  Anglie 
quartodecimo  Johannes  More  Gent,  maritatus  fiiit  Agneti 
filie  Thome  Graunger  in  parochia  sancti  Egidij  extra  Crepyl- 
gate  london.    [24  April  1474] 

'  Me*  quod  die  sabbati  in  vigilia  sancti  gregorij  pape  inter 
horam  primam  et  horam  secundam  post  Meridiem  eiusdem 
diei  Anno  Regni  Regis  Edwardi  quarti  post  conquestum  Anglie 
xv^  nata  fuit  Johanna  More  filia  Johannis  More  Gent.  [11 
March  1474-6.] 

'M*  quod  die  veneris  proximo  post  Festum  purific^ionis 
beate  Marie  virginis  (videlicet  septimo  die  Febmarij)  inter 
horam  secundam  et  horam  terciam  in  Mane  natufi  fuit  Thomas 
More  filius  Johannis  More  Gent.  Anno  Regni  Regis  Edwardi 
quarti  post  conquestum  Anglie  decimo  septimo.  [7  Feb. 
1477-8.] 

*M*quod  die  dominica  videlicet  vltimo  die  Januarij  inter 
horam  septimam  et  horam  octauam  ante  Meridiem  Anno  regni 
Regis  Edwardi  quarti  decimo  octauo  nata  fuit  Agatha  fiUa 
Johannis  More  Gentilman.    [31  Jan.  1478-9.] 

'M*  quod  die  Martis  videlicet  vj®  die  Junij  inter  horam 
decimam  et  horam  vndecimam  ante  Meridiem  natus  fuit  Jo- 
hannes More  filius  Johannis  More  Gent.  Anno  regni  Regis 
Edwardi  quarti  vicesimo.    [6  June  1480.] 

'  Me*  quod  die  lune  viz.  tercio  die  Septembris  inter  horam 
secundam  et  horam  terciam  in  Mane  natus  fuit  Edwaardus 
Moore  filius  Johannis  More  Gent.  Anno  regni  regis  Edwardi 
iiij**  post  conquestum  xxj^    [3  Sept.  1481.] 

'  M*  quod  die  dominica  videlicet  xxij^  die  Septembris  anno 
regni  r^is  Edwardi  iiij^  xxij^  inter  horam  quartam  et  quintam 
in  Mane  nata  fuit  Elizabeth  More  filia  Johannis  More  Gent' 
[22  Sept.  1482.] 


201 

It  will  be  seen  that  these  entries  record  the  marriage  of  a 
John  More,  gent,  in  the  parish  of  St  Oiks,  Cripplegate, 
and  the  births  of'  his  six  children,  Johanna,  Thomas,  Agatha, 
John,  Edward,  and  Elizabeth. 

Now  it  is  known  that  Sir  Thomas  More  was  born,  his  bio* 
grapheis  vaguely  saj,  aboia  1480,  in  Milk  Street,  Cheapside, 
which  is  in  Cripplegate  Ward;  that  he  was  the  son  of  Sir 
John  More,  afterwards  a  Judge*  who,  at  the  time  of  his  son's 
birth,  was  a  barrister,  and  would  be  described  as  '  John  More, 
gent/;  and  that  he  had  two  sisters,  Jane  or  Joane  (Words- 
worth's JEccl.  Biog.  ii.  49),  married  to  Bichard  Stafferton,  and 
Elizabeth,  wife  to  John  Bastall  the  printer,  and  mother  of 
^r  William  Bastall  (bom  1508),  afterwards  Lord  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Queen's  Bendi. 

The  third  entry  above  given  records  the  birth  of  Thomas, 
son  of  John  More,  who  had  been  married  in  the  parish  of 
St  Giles^  Cripplegate,  and  may  be  presumed  to  have  lived  in 
the  neighbourhood.  The  date  of  his  birth  is  Feb.  7,  1477-8 ; 
that  is,  according  to  modem  reckoning,  1478,  and  therefore 
^abovJb  1480.'  Oddly  enough,  the  day  of  the  week  in  this 
entry  is  wr(»ig.  It  is  Friday,  which  in  1477-8  was  Feb.  6. 
But  Thomas  was  bom  between  two  and  three  in  the  morning 
of  Saturday,  Feb.  7.    The  confusion  is  obvious  and  natural 

The  second  and  last  entries  record  the  births  of  his  sisters 
Johanna  and  Elizabeth.  The  former  of  these  najnes  appears  to 
have  been  a  favourite  in  the  family  of  Sir  John  More;  and  was 
the  name  of  his  grandmother,  the  daughter  of  John  Leycester. 

I  may  add,  that  the  entries  are  all  in  a  contemporary  hand, 
and  their  formal  character  favours  the  supposition  that  they 
were  made  by  some  one  familiar  with  legal  documents,  and 
probably  by  a  lawyer. 

This  remarkable  series  of  coincidences  led  me  at  first  to 
believe  that  I  had  discovered  the  entry  of  the  birth  of  Sir 
Thomas   More.      But,  upon  investigation,   I  was  met  by  a 

15—2 


202 

difficulty  which  at  present  I  have  been  unable  to  solve.  In  the 
life  of  the  Chancellor  by  Cresacre  More,  bis  great-grandson, 
the  name  of  Sir  Thomas  More's  mother  is  said  to  have  been 
'  Handcombe  of  Holliwell  in  Bedfordshire.'  This  fact  is  not 
mentioned  by  Roper,  who  lived  many  years  in  his  house  and 
married  his  favourite  daughter,  or  by  any  other  of  his  bio- 
graphers. The  question,  therefore,  is  whether  the  authority 
of  Cresacre  More  on  this  point  is  to  be  admitted  as  absolute. 
He  was  not  bom  till  nearly  forty  years  after  Sir  Thomas  More*s 
death,  and  his  book  was  not  written  till  between  eighty  and 
ninety  years  after  it.  We  must  take  into  consideration  these 
facts  in  estimating  the  amount  of  weight  to  be  attached  to 
his  evidence  as  ta  the  name  of  his  great  great-grandmother. 

Were  there  then  two  John  Mores  of  the  rank  of  gentlemen, 
both  apparently  lawyers,  living  at  the  same  time  in  the  same 
parish,  and  both  having  three  children  bearing  the  same  names ; 
or  was  John  More,  who  married  Agnes  Graunger,  the  future 
Judge  and  father  of  the  future  Chancellor  ?  To  these  questions, 
in  the  absence  of  Cresacre  More's  statement,  the  accumulation 
of  coincidences  would  have  made  it  easy  to  give  a  very  positive 
answen    Is  his  authority  to  be  weighed  against  them  i 

Stapylton's  assertion  that  Sir  Thomas  More  had  no  brothers 
presents  no  difficulty,  as  they  may  have  died  in  infancy.  The 
entries  which  I  have  quoted  would  explain  why  he  was  called 
Thomas,  after  his  maternal  grandfather. 

If  any  one  could  find  what  are  the  arms  quartered  with 
those  of  More  upon  the  Chancellor's  tomb  at  Chelsea  they 
would  probably  throw  some  light  upon  the  question.  Mr 
Hunter  describes  them  as  ^  three  bezants  on  a  chevron  be-* 
tween  three  unicorns'  heads.' 


XVI.  An  Account  of  the  Election  of  Sir  Francis 
Bacon  and  Dr  Barnaby  Gochb  as  Burgesses  in 
Parliament  in  April  1614,  written  by  Dr  Duport, 
Deputy  Vioe-Chancbllob.  Communicated  by 
William  Aldis  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity 
College. 


[March  2,  1869.] 


Tms  account  of  the  University  election  of  Members  of  Par- 
liament was  sent  to  me  by  Mr  Spedding,  in  the  hope  that  I 
might  be  able  to  trace  it  Hitherto  I  have  failed  to  do  so,  and 
I  now  read  it  before  the  Society  with  the  same  object.  Mr 
Spedding,  in  his  first  letter  to  me  on  the  subject  (19  Nov, 
1868),  said :  'An  account  of  the  proceedings  at  Bacon's  election 
for  the  Parliament  of  1614  was  sent  me  a  good  many  years  ago, 
through  the  Longmans,  from  somebody  at  Cambridge.  I  took 
a  copy  of  the  paper  and  returned  it ;  but  neglected  to  make  a 
memorandum  of  the  place  it  came  from  and  the  person  who 
sent  it.  It  came  from  some  of  the  official  records/  In  a 
subsequent  letter  (27  Nov.  1868)  he  added :  '  What  I  remember 
(or  think  I  remember)  is  that  it  had  been  lately  discovered 
(i.e.  now  8  or  10  years  ago)  and  communicated  to  some  Cam- 
bridge Society/     The  following  is  from  Mr  Spedding's  copy. 


204 

I 
The  hanker  of  the  phoice  of  Btjbgesses   for  the 

University  of  Cambridge  :  viz.  of  the  honourable  Enioht 

S*  Francis  Bacon  General  Attorney  to  his  Excellent 

Majesty  and  Barnaby  Gotch  D*  of  the  Civil  Laws.    2** 

Aprilis  last  about  8  OF  the  clock  in  the  morning. 

Imprimis^  in  the  Regent  house,  the  houses  called  together, 

D*  Duport  Deput.  Vice-Can'  used  a  speech  unto  them  unto 

this  end  and  purpose.    First  he  showed  the  occasion  of  the 

meeting,  and  exhorted  them  verj  earnestly  that  like  university 

men,  that  is  like  men  of  learning  wisdom  and  government)  they 

would  peaceably,  and  quietly  transact  all  thing%  that  it  might 

not  be  said  of  us  now  as  it  hath  been  sometimes  of  late,  iraXo* 

TTOT   ^(TCOf  d\KlflOt  fU\li(rU}l,  &C. 

Secondly  for  their  better  directions  in  the  process  hereof  he 
said  there  should  be  read  unto  them  3  several  writings : 

First,  The  Kings  Majestys  letters  patents  under  the  broad 
seal  authorizing  us  to  choose  Burgesses,  wherein  is  also  de- 
scribed unto  us,  whom  we  should  choose,  as  namely  ex  discre- 
tior%bu8  et  magis  suffidentibua  viris  de  Academia  pro  tempore 
existentilma,  and  why  those :  is  expressed  in  the  same  charter ; 
via.  that  being  best  aoquainted  with  the  state  of  the  University 
and  the  Collegee  and  Halls  there  and  also  with  the  orders  and 
privileges  thereof  they  might  be  the  better  able  to  inform  the 
high  Court  of  Parliament  of  all  things  in  any  passages  and 
propositions  that  there  should  be  moved  concerning  the  same. 

2^,  The  Kings  writ  or  summons  to  elect  at  this  time  Bur- 
gesses, against  the  next  Parliament,  and  that  aocoiding  to  the 
form  both  of  the  letters  patents  before  mentioned  and  also  of 
the  statute  in  that  behalf  provided,  and  set  forth,  namely  that 
the  Knights  and  Burgesses  to  be  chosen  should  be  abiding  and 
resi[d]etit  in  the  counties  and  boroughs  whereof  they  should  be 
so  chosen  and  particularly  that  so  they  should  be  the  day  of  the 
date  of  the  said  writ,  and  that  without  all  fraud  and  guile,  for 
it  is  a  rule  in  all  law  human  and  divine  that  fraus  et  dolus 
nemini  [blank  left  in  MS.] 


205 

The  3,  Letters  from  our  honourable  Chancellor  unto  the  said 
Dr  Duport  (demanding  his  Lordships  direction  how  to  proceed 
in  that  business)  wherein  his  Lordship  advised  us  1^  principallj 
by  all  means  to  follow  the  express  words  of  our  charter,  and  of 
the  writ,  as  having  no  power  of  ourselves  otherwise  either  to 
choose  or  to  make  burgesses,  and  that  being  chosen  any  other- 
wise our  burgesses  were  no  burgesses,  &c.  And  in  the  2  plaee,  as 
near  as  might  be  we  should  choose  our  burgesses  after  the  form 
of  the  choice  of  the  Chancellor. 

This  done,  and  many  earnest  exhortations  by  the  Yice-Can' 
used  for  peace  and  quietness  in  the  transaction:  in  fine  he 
charged  and  required  them  in  the  name  of  the  Kings  majesty 
and  upon  virtue  of  their  oath  made  imto  the  University  1^  That 
they  all  should  keep  the  Kings  peace  inviolably;  2*.  That  every 
man  should  keep  his  seat  and  standing,  and  not  run  on  heaps 
in  the  Regent  house  from  one  seat  to  another,  but  patiently 
abide  till  they  were  called  up  to  give  their  suffirages  in  writing. 
3^  That  if  any  of  the  parties  should  purpose  to  come  up  to 
move  for  justice  or  direction  in  anything,  there  should  not 
above  2  or  3  come  together  and  having  preferred  their  suit* 
discretely  and  modestly  and  received  answer  accordingly,  they 
should  then  depart  back  again  to  their  places.  .Aiid  this  was 
the  sum  of  the  Yice-Chancellor's  speech. 

This  done,  in  the  next  place  were  read  unto  the  house  the 
said  several  writings  by  the  senior  Procurator  in  the  University. 

After  all  this,  there  being  a  little  pause  made  as  it  were 
for  preparation  to  call  them  up  to  the  election:  there  came  up 
2  M".  of  Arts,  one  Mr  Browne  Caij,  the  other  Mr  Gilby,  of 
which  twain  Mr  Browne  with  an  audible  voice  desired  that 
where  there  was  a  speech  of  one  to  be  chosen  that  was  not 
eligible  by  the  charter,  there  might  none  such  be  admitted, 
and  those  excepted  against  any  such  election,  and  on  that  behalf 
did  petere  jus  et  juatitiam  of  the  Vice-Can'  and  that  1"^  2"  3* 
et   instanter   instantiue   instantissime,  and   repeating   it  over 


206 

again  desired  there  might  be  an  act  made  of  it,  yt^  the  Vice* 
Chancellor  commanded  to  be  done  accordingly,  and  said  they 
should  have  justice  (which  was  not  much  contradicted). 

But  nevertheless  it  was  alleged  by  some  that  since  our  Chan-» 
cellors  letter  to  the  Vice-Can'  there  were  letters  received  (it 
seemeth  from  one  of  my  Lords  Secretaries)  that  my  L.  was 
'  desirous  S'  Miles  Sands  might  be  one  of  the  burgesses  for  the 
University,  if  it  might  be  by  law.  Whereunto  the  Vice-Can' 
replied  that  he  was  not  to  take  knowledge  of  his  Lps  pleasure 
from  any  private  man,  having  his  Lps  own  letter  to  direct  him, 
and  perceiving  matters  would  grow  hot  with  much  talk  in  the 
end  pronounced  the  election  of  any  (then  to  be  made)  directly 
contrary  to  the  said  letters  patents  statute  and  direction  of  his 
Lps  letters  before  mentioned  to  be  utterly  void  and  of  none  effect. 
(This  the  Vice-Chancellor  afterwards  Said  he  then  did,  both  be-* 
cause  he  was  very  desirous,  if  it  might  be,  to  have  moved  the 
house  &om  the  election  of  the  said  Sir  Miles  Sands,  to  the  end 
they  might  peaceably  and  quietly  have  dispatched  the  business, 
and  also  because,  perceiving  the  Congregations  to  begin  to  be 
.very  troublesome,  he  was  afraid  it  would  prove  so  mutinous  and 
violent  in  the  end  that  he  should  not  be  able  to  pronounce  the 
election  as  he  would.) 

Against  the  which  sentence  after  some  had  made  an  excep- 
tion and  required  the  same  to  be  entered  also  they  then  pro- 
ceeded to  the  giving  of  voices  in  scriptis.  The  which  being 
fully  accomplished  after  the  1*  2°'*  and  3"*  call  (according  to  the 
order)  they  then  fell  to  numbering  the  suffrages,  which  fell  out 
thus:  the  greatest  number  without  comparison  were  for  Sir 
Francis  Bacon  and  for  Sir  Miles  S.,  74  for  D'  Gotch,  and  64  for 
D'  Corbett;  the  which  the  Vice-Chancellor  required  to  be  truly 
and  precisely  numbered  and  commanded  the  Bregister  to  take  a 
perfect  note  of  the  numbers  severally  under  his  hand.  And 
nevertheless  to  be  more  sure  thereof  he  willed  them  to  tell 
them  over  again. 


207 

Here  (true  it  is)  according  to  the  statute  de  etecHone  Can^ 
ceUarii  the  senior  Procurator  should  first  openly  read  all  the 
voices  that  are  given ;  and  namely  his  first  that  had  the  fewest 
voiced^  his  next  that  had  the  more^  and  his  last  that  had  the 
most,  and  so  on  proportionably  as  there  were  more  or  less ;  and 
then  afterwards  the  Vic*  should  pronounce  him  in  them  choosen 
that  had  the  most  voices ;  and  true  it  is  also  that  for  the  form 
of  proceeding  we  were  referred  by  our  Chancellor  as  near  as 
might  be  to  this  statute :  Yet  the  Vice-Chancellor  as  he  after- 
wards confessed  seeing  1®  that  the  very  substance  of  the  elec- 
tion was  performed,  and  2®  that  they  were  not  precisely  bound 
to  every  circumstance,  and  3**  that  though  the  procurators  were 
quiet  men  and  had  promised  fair  play,  yet  happily  might  have 
been  drawn  or  rather  enforced  by  importunity,  after  they  had 
read  the  voices  of  the  2  last  to  have  pronounced  them  also 
chosen,  at  least  that  the  reading  of  them  in  the  last  place  (ad 
having  the  greatest  number  of  voices)  might  be  prejudicious  to 
that  the  Vice-Can'  would  do ;  and  4**  that  the  Congregation  now 
grew  so  hot  and  pressed  so  hard  upon  him,  that  he  greatly  feared 
some  violence  (as  if  he  had  which  he  purposed  put  the  sufirages 
for  Sir  Miles  S.  in  his  pocket)  would  surely  have  cqme  to  pass; 
and  yet  [blank  in  MS.]  fearing  happily  it  might  thereby  fall  out 
he  should  be  so  hindered  by  the  tumult  that  he  could  not  pro- 
nounce as  he  would :  He  therefore  (whilst  they  were  yet  very  busy 
in  telling  the  suffirages)  stepped  into  his  chair,  and  then  sitting 
down  first  uttered  these  words,  "  I  pronounce  the  election  of  Sir 
Miles  S.  being  not  resident  in  the  University  to  be  utterly  void 
and  of  none  effect,  to  all  intents  and  purposes,  as  being  expressly 
against  the  charter  the  statute  of  the  land  and  the  tenor  of  my 
Lords  letters."  At  the  which  words  the  house  began  to  shout 
and  cry  out  most  vehemently  "  Let  the  suffrages  be  read.  Let 
the  suffrages  be  read."  And  yet  much  more  violent  by  many 
degrees  when  he  began  to  say  as  foUowcth,  which  (notwith- 
standing he  was  continually  cried  upon  and  shouted  at  with 


208 

the  greatest  extremity  that  might  be  either  to  hinder  him 
from  speaking  at  all  or  else  to  put  him  out)^  yet  the  Vice- 
Can'  with  settled  resolution  and  an  audible  voice  pronounced 
boldly  to  the  end,  ''I  John  Duport^  deput.  Yice-Can'  (as  far  as 
by  law  in  me  lieth)  do  choose  and  pronounce  to  be  choosen  by 
the  greater  part  of  the  Regents  and  non-B^^^its  for  the  Bur* 
gesses  oi  the  University  against  the  court  Parliament  the 
hon"''  Knight  Sir  Fr.  Bacon  Attorney  Qeneral  to  his  excellent 
Majesty,  and  both  M'  of  Arts  and  of  Council  of  and  to  the 
University  of  Cambridge,  (whereby  he  may  seem  after  a  sort  to 
live  and  breathe  amongst  us)  and  also  the  B^  wo^  Bamaby 
Qotch  jy  of  Civil  Laws  and  M'  of  Magd^ene  College  in  this 
University/'  and  straight  after  these,  **  We  dissolve  this  convo^ 
cation  of  Begents  and  non-Begents."  Whereat  it  is  incredible 
what  a  noise  and  shout  they  made,  so  as  it  was  sensibly  heard  a 
great  way  off,  crying  as  loud  as  they  could  ''Let  the  su£Erages  be 
read.  Let  the  suffrages  be  read,"  ''You  do  us  wrong.  You  do  ua 
wrong,"  and  "a  Sandis,  a  Sandis,"  &c.,  the  throng  being  so 
great  that  the  Vice-Can'  had  very  much  ado  with  the  Bedells 
before  him  to  get  down  amongst  them«  Where  it  is  greatly  to  be 
observed :  That  first,  by  force  they  kept  and  carried  away  the  suf- 
frages for  Sir  Fr,  Bacon  and  Sir  Miles  Sandis  from  the  Register 
whose  office  it  was  to  keep  them ;  2°.  That  they  staid  a  good  while 
in  the  Begent  hou,pe  after  the  Magistrate  was  gone,  such  a  com- 
pany without  a  lawful  head  to  {sic)  much  subject  to  interruption, 
3^  They  went  all  together  from  thence  to  ELs  College  in  great 
heaps,  where  in  the  Drs  Mrs  and  Scholars'  names  they  sub- 
scribed a  certificate  of  the  election  of  S'  Fra.  Ba.  and  S'  My. 
SandiB,  having  procured  aforehand  the  Sheriff  or  his  Depute 
(being  secured  as  it  should  seem  upon  Sir  My.  Sandis'  bond  as 
the  Yice-Can'  testifieth  the  like  was  offered  unto  him)  to  join 
with  them  therein  directly  against  law,  because  the  Sheriff 
is  bound  to  certify  in  the  name  of  the  Chancellor  M"  &  Scholars. 
By  occasion  whereof  on  the  other  side  the  Vice-Can'  could  obtain 


209 

by  no  means  possible  either  the  Sheriff  or  his  Depute  to  come 
to  him  and  join  to  certify  (as  by  law  he  is  bound),  or  else  such 
assistance  and  other  necessaries  for  that  purpose  as  were  requi- 
site for  a  formal  certificate  in  that  case.  So  as  for  conclusion 
he  was  inforced  to  certify  in  such  manner  as  he  could,  not  in 
such  as  he  would,  and  by  law  was  justifiable.  And  that  this  is 
the  true  certificate  of  the  whole  proceedings  herein  we  testify 
whose  names  are  under  written. 

Jo,  DuPOBT,  Vice-Can.  deput. 


XVII.  Letter  from  Peter  Salmon,  M.A.,  to  Samuel 
Collins,  D.D.,  Provost  of  Kinq^s  College,  writ- 
ten from  Padua  in  1630.  Communicated  by  the 
Bey.  T.  Brooklebane,  M.A.,  "Kings  College. 


[Februaiy  28,  1870.] 


The  following  letter  seems  worthy  of  notice  as  giving  a  sketch, 
however  slight,  of  an  Italian  university  as  seen  by  a  Cambridge 
man  in  the  seventeenth  century^  It  has  been  preserved  in  our 
College  archives  among  a  number  of  letters^  addressed  for  the 
most  part  to  Dr  Samuel  Collins,  who  was  Provost  of  King's 
from  1615  till  liis  ejectment  in  1644  by  the  Parliamentary  au- 
thorities. They  relate  almost  exclusively  to  College  business, 
and  in  the  present  case  the  pith  of  the  letter  is  contained  in 
the  application  at  the  end  for  ^a  physician's  place'  in  the  Col* 
lege.  It  is  perhaps  necessary  to  explain,  that  all  fellows,  except 
four,  were  at  that  time  required,  in  accordance  with  the  statutes, 
to  study  divinity,  and  proceed  to  the  higher  degrees  in  due 


^  They  have  been  roughly  arranged  in  four  volumes;  and  Salmon's 
letter  is  found  in  Vol.  iv.  No.  30. 


212 

course.  Of  these  four  two  were  students  in  law  and  two  in 
physic^  and  all  four  had  to  proceed  to  the  higher  degrees  in 
their  respective  faculties.  The  few  facts  afforded  by  our  Col- 
lege books  will  show  that  Salmon  was  unsuccessful  in  his  appli- 
cation. Born  at  Lee  in  Essex  at  Midsummer  1601^  he  was 
admitted  a  scholar  of  King's  College  June  30,  1619;  a  fellow 
June  30,  1622;  B.A.  in  1622-3,  and  M.A.  in  1626.  He  was 
diverted  to  the  study  of  Astronomy  Dec.  23,  1631,  and  thereby 
obtained  a  temporary  respite  from  the  divinity  studies  which  he 
wished  to  escape;  but  he  only  held  hia  fellowship  for  a  few 
months  after  that  date ;  his  formal  act  of  resignation  was 
executed  July  30,  1632,  and  his  connexion  with  the  College 
ceased  finally  August  17, 1632.  For  the  last  three  years  of  his 
time  he  seems  to  have  been  almost  wholly  out  of  residence. 


Eight  Worr" 

That  I  am  soe  bould  as  to  interrupt  y^  I  haue  noe  other 
plea^  but  y*  conscience  of  my  duty,  and  y*  experience  of  y'  for- 
mer fauours.  the  one  serueinge  as  an  injunction,  y^  other  as  an 
encouradgment  for  y^  tender  of  my  seruice  to  y'  fauourable  ac- 
ceptation, although  there  bee  a  separation  of  place,  and  that  I 
haue  exchaunged  my  Country;  yet  not  my  zeale  to  endeauour 
y'  Worr*  satisfaction,  y*  greatest  fruite  of  my  poore  trauailes. 

to  giue  y°  an  account  of  my  present  estate,  I  nowe  reside  in 
Padoa,  a  dtty  of  the  Venetians,  most  remarkeable  for  antiquity, 
beinge  of  2700  yeeres  Continuance,  by  y*  relation  of  thoese  who 
for  there  leameinge  seeme  to  be  d^ioTrurroi.  there  remaineinge 
as  yet  the  tombe  of  Antenor,  and  the  house  of  liuie  w*^  his 
statue,  the  cytty  is  replenished  with  many  faire  built  monas- 
teries, especially  one  of  the  benedictines  called  S*  Justina,  y* 
fabricke  whereof  seemeth  to  exceed  our  Trinity  Coll',   and  y* 


213 

entr&te  or  reuenue  annuall,  very  neore  that  of  our  whole  vni- 
versity,  beinge  at  least  a  100000  ducketa  per  annuiiL  but  y* 
vniversity  hath  noe  greater  shewe  then  that  of  our  schooles, 
where  2  professors  of  euery  faculty  reade  at  y*  same  houre,  w*** 
greate  emulaticm  one  of  another,  contendinge  for  y^  greatest 
number  of  auditors,  y*  professors  of  ciuile  lawe  and  physique 
reade  daily  1  houre  in  y*  forenoone,  another  in  y*  aftemoone, 
after  w***  they  goe  w***  there  auditors  to  practise,  w**  2  sciences 
only  are  eminent  here,  for  y*  rest,  here  is  not  any  of  note, 
especially  for  humane  1**,  w**  haue  decaide  since  y*  proscription 
of  y^  Jesuites  who  taught  them  here  w**^  greate  acclamation, 
and  in  that  respect  there  absence  is  much  lamented,  the  num- 
ber of  students  is  not  inferiour  to  those  of  Cambridge,  but 
promiscuously  Consisteinge  of  most  nations  in  christendome ; 
but  nowe  the  greatest  part  is  dispersed  by  reason  of  y^  plage, 
w^  hath  raged  heare  almost  to  y*  depopulation  of  the  Country* 
there  beinge  100000  persons  dead  of  it  in  Verona,  not  many 
less  in  Brescia^  Bergamo,  and  nowe,  it  is  crept  into  Venice, 
where  there  dye  daily  1000  persons,  and  nowe  also  it  is  crept 
into  Fadoa.  but  as  yet  praise  to  Qod  with  noe  greate  mor- 
tality: 

the  originall  of  this  place  is  deriued  from  Mantua,  y*  sub- 
ject of  a  greate  warre  betweene  y*  French  and  Venetians  as- 
sisteinge  y*  newe  duke,  and  the  emperour  Spaniard  and  duke 
of  Sauoy  opposeinge  him.  y*  effect  whereof  hath  beene  y* 
ouerrunneinge  of  Sauoy  by  the  French :  and  of  y*  Venetian 
territory  by  y*  imperialists,  if  these  warres  Continue,  the 
miseryes  of  these  places  though  greate,  are  like  to  bee  redoubled. 

but  craueinge  pardon  I  Cease  to  ouerpress  vpon  y'  Worr* 
patience,  yet  in  confidence  of  y'  fauour  I  Conclud  w***  one  pe- 
tition, YT^  is  that  to  y'  former  benefitts,  y'*  will  please  to  add 
this,  that  seinge  I  haue  nowe  imploied  my  studies  to  physique, 
y*  will  conferr  vpon  mee  a  physitians  place  in  y*  coll*,  when  any 


214 

shall  bee  vacant,  for  w*"^  I  shall  bee  bounde  to  pray  for  y*  W. 
happiness  and  rest 

Y'  Worr*  obliged  and  affectionate  seruant 

PETER  SALMON 

Padoa  August  2  1630 
stilo  nono 

Addressed  on  the  outside  : 

To  f  right  y^on^  D' 
Collins  prouoste  of 
Einges  coU', 

.  Cambridge 


XVIII.  Some  account  op  St  Vigor's  Church,  Fol- 
BOURN,  LATELY  ENLARGED  AND  RESTORED.  Commu- 
nicated by  Arthur  W.  Blompibld,  Esq.,  M,A*, 
Trinity  College,  Architect.    (With  four  Plates.) 


[May  9,  1870.] 

FuLBOURN,  in  the  hundred  of  Flemdish*  and  county  of  Cam- 
bridge, is  situated  about  five  miles  (E.N.R)  from  Cambridge. 
It  comprises  the  two  parishes  of  All  Saints  and  St  Vigor',  and 
contained  at  the  last  census  1310  inhabitants. 

'  Fnlboum  Dyke  or  Flem  Dyke,  which  gives  the  name  to  the  hundred, 
forms  part  of  one  of  those  extensive  earthworks  which  are  believed  to  have 
been  formed  at  the  time  of  the  Heptarchy,  marking,  as  some  have 
supposed,  the  division  of  two  of  its  kingdoms.  Beyond  it  the  parish  is 
bounded  by  a  still  earlier  work,  namely  part  of  the  old  Roman  road  fh)m 
Cambridge  to  Colchester. 

'  St  Vigor  was  Bishop  of  Bayeuz  in  the  beginning  of  the  sixth  century. 
In  the  history  of  that  diocese,  which  gives  an  account  of  him,  he  is  credited 
with  numerous  miracles.  He  was  the  original  founder  of  the  Abbey  of 
Cerisy  near  Bayeux,  which  was  afterwards  destroyed  and  refounded  In 
1030.  He  is  the  patron-saint  of  several  churches  in  France,  but  of  only 
two  or  three  in  England. 

^^  There  were  originally  two  Manors,  the  head  Manor  to  which  the 
Church  of  All  Saints  belonged  was  in  the  Earls  of  Richmond  till  Alan  de 
Rohan  gave  the  advowson  to  Bon  Repos  Abbey  in  Normandy ;  and  it  was 
leased  by  that  Abbot  in  1226  to  the  Abbey  of  Lawtre  in  Huntingdonshire, 
and  at  Alan's  death  the  Manor  escheated  to  the  Crown,  and  king  John 
gave  it  to  Roger  de  Molbrai,  after  this  it  was  in  Henry  III.  hands,  who 
granted  it  in  exchange  for  lands  in  Brittany."    Cole's  MSS. 

This  leads  to  the  conclusion  that  AU  Saints'  Church  was  the  earlier  one, 
and  accounts  for  the  unusual  dedication  of  the  latter  Church  to  St  Vigor. 
The  head  Manor  was  probably  in  the  Shardelowe's  family. 

IG 


216 

The  living  of  All  Saints  is  a  Vicarage,  rated  in  the  King's 
book  at  £14.  17^.  It  was  in  the  Patronage  of  the  Bishop  of 
Peterborough;  but  is  now,  together  with  that  of  St  Vigor  (a 
Bectory,  rated  at  £25. 15«.  5d.),  in  the  Patronage  of  the  Master 
and  Fellows  of  St  John^s  College,  Cambridge.  They  are  both 
in  the  archdeaconry  and  diocese  of  Ely. 

The  churches  of  both  parishes  stood  in  the  same  church- 
yard, and  so  close  to  one  another  that  the  steeple  of  All  Saints' 
was  only  nine  feet  from  the  centre  of  the  south  side  of  the 
chancel  of  St  Vigor's.  On  Trinity  Sunday,  1766,  about  five 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  tower  of  All  Saints*  fell  down,  and 
nearly  destroyed  the  church.  The  Rev.  William  Cole,  who  has 
lefl  more  than  fifty  volumes  of  valuable  MSS.  (now  in  the 
Library  of  the  British  Museum)  relating  chiefly  to  the  anti- 
quities of  Cambridgeshire,  writes : 

"I  oflSciated  on  May  8,  1774,  in  St  Vigor's  church  for 
Mr  Serocold,  the  Vicar  of  All  Saints.  The  church  (All  Saints) 
is  totaDy  ruined  as  to  the  roof,  tower,  sides,  and  windows,  and 
the  pillars  are  decaying  through  exposure  to  the  weather,  being 
of  church  stone,  which  the  wet  and  frost  soon  moulders ;  the 
old  oaken  seats  are  all  plundered ;  three  of  the  bells  still  lie  in 
the  church." 

Two  years  after  this  an  Act  of  Parliament  was  obtained  to 
take  down  the  church,  and  to  give  the  Vicar  and  parishioners 
of  All  Saints'  equal  rights  with  the  Hector  and  parishioners  of 
St  Vigor^s  in  the  church  of  that  parish,  with  a  corresponding 
liability  to  be  rated  equally  with  them  for  that  purpose.  By 
this  Act  it  appeaiB  that  the  two  parishes  were  then  (as  they 
still  remain)  united  in  one  township.  It  appears  also  that 
when  the  two  churches  were  standing.  Divine  service  was 
never  performed  in  them  at  one  and  the  same  time,  but  alter- 
nately at  each  church  morning  and  evening,  and  that  the  in- 
habitants of  both  parishes  were  accommodated  with  seats  in 
each  of  the  said  churches. 


217 

In  the  church  of  All  Saints  there  appear  to  hav^  been  no 
monuments  of  any  interest  or  antiquity,  with  the  exception  of 
a  small  one,  of  which  the  figure  in  brass  is  still  preserved;  and 
through  the  care  of  Mr  Cole^  who  visited  the  churches  first  in 
October,  1747,  and  of  his  friend  Mr  Blomefeild  who  visited 
them  in  1727,  the  inscription  (which  has  long  since  disap- 
peared) is  thus  recorded : 

''Hie  jacet  Qalfridus  Byschop,  quondam  hujus  ecclesi® 
Vicarius,  qui  obiit  secundo  die  mensis  Nov.  A.D.  1477.  cujus 
animsB  propicietur  Dominus.    Amen/' 

This  Geoffiry  Bishop  was  the  donor  of  a  large  Charity  which 
the  parish  of  All  Saints  still  enjoys  to  the  value  of  £129  a  year, 
which  is  given  away  in  flour  to  the  poorer  inhabitants. 

The  church  of  Saint  Vigor,  before  the  late  restoration  and 
enlargement^  consisted  of  a  Nave  with  north  and  south  aisles, 
a  western  Tower  with  south  porch  and  parvise,  a  north  porch, 
a  chantry  Chapel  taking  the  form  of  a  shallow  transept  pro* 
jecting  from  the  south  aisle,  and  a  Chancel  with  a  chapel  and 
vestry  on  the  north  side.  A  reference  to  the  accompanying 
plan  (Plate  III)  will  shew  the  form  and  arrangement,  and  the 
dates  which  may  be  assigned  to  the  different  parts. 

As  far  as  can  be  judged  from  the  building  as  then  existing, 
and  from  traces  of  foundations  and  older  work  discovered  in 
the  course  of  the  late  restomtion,  the  original  church  consisted 
of  a  Nave  and  Chancel  with  a  western  Tower  and  wooden 
spire,  a  south  Porch  (not  the  present  one),  and  a  projection 
(probably  a  Baptistery)  on  the  north  side  of  the  nave  at  the 
west  end.  Plates  I  and  U  shew  this  building  together  with 
elevations,  the  conjectural  restorations  being  indicated  by  dot- 
ted lines. 

The  date  of  the  original  church  is  the  early  part  of  the 
thirteenth  century.  It  appears  to  have  remained  without  al- 
teration or  enlargement  for  about  a  century.  The  south  aisle 
with  the  beautiful  range  of  arches  opening  into  the  nave  was 

16—2 


218 

the  first  addition  (circa  1320-30).  About  fifty  years  later  we 
find  the  church  again  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  the  north 
aisle,  and  the  north  porch  (now  taken  down).  The  clerestory 
was  most  probably  added  at  the  same  time,  and  the  original 
roof  replaced  by  one  of  richer  design,  having  a  polygonal  pa- 
nelled ceiling  with  molded  ribs  and  carved  bosses.  This  roof 
still  remained,  though  in  a  very  decayed  state,  until  the  late 
works  were  commenced.  The  next  alteration  was  the  addition 
of  the  transeptal  chapel  at  the  east  end  of  the  south  aisle,' 
about  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century,  to  which  date  the 
east  window  of  the  chancel  also  belonged.  The  turret  staircase 
of  the  tower  appears  to  have  been  constructed  about  the  same 
time,  and,  later  still,  the  porch  and  parvise  abutting  on  the 
south  side  of  the  tower.  The  same  date,  or  nearly  so,  must  be 
assigned  to  the  chapel  and  sacristy  or  vestiy  on  the  north  side 
of  the  chancel.  From  this  time  up  to  the  commencement  of 
the  late  restoration  nothing  appears  to  have  been  done  in  the 
church,  except  in  the  way  of  injudicious  repair  and  disfigure- 
ment. Many  of  the  original  features  of  the  architecture  had 
been  obliterated  or  covered  up  with  plaster  and  whitewash, 
and  much  fine  oak  work  in  the  body  of  the  church  and  the 
chancel,  including  the  whole  of  the  upper  part  of  the  rood 
screen,  had  entirely  disappeared. 

Taking  the  tower  as  a  starting-point  for  the  examination  of 
the  church,  we  find  that  it  had  suffered  less  from  the  alterations 
and  repairs  of  later  periods  than  the  rest  of  the  fabric.  Its 
principal  enemies  have  been  age  and  the  decay  of  the  clunch, 
of  which  material  it  appears  to  have  been  almost  entirely 
built  in  the  first  instance.  The  western  doorway  is  the  original 
one ;  the  buttresses  would  at  first  sight  appear  to  be  of  the 
same  date;  but  on  close  examination  it  is  evident  that  they 
are  not  so.  First,  there  is  little  or  no  bond  between  them  and 
the  walls  of  the  tower.  Secondly,  they  are  built  of  flint, 
whereas  the  tower  is  in  rough  courses  of  clunch.     Thirdly,  the 


219 

quoins  are  of  Barnack  stone^  whereas  those  of  the  tower  were 
of  clunch,  now  replaced  by  Ancaster.  It  seems  probable  that 
the  buttresses  at  the  N.W.  and  S.W.  angles  having  decayed 
were  restored  in  their  present  form  at  a  date  now  difficult  to 
fix  with  any  certainty,  at  which  time  also  the  walls  may  have 
been  faced  with  flint,  as  they  stiU  remain,  to  the  height  of  the 
first  string  course.  One  of  the  original  buttresses  may  be  seen 
at  the  N.E.  angle,  partially  buried  in  the  west  wall  of  the 
north  aisle.  A  reference  to  the  elevations  will  shew  that 
the  arrangement  of  the  windows  in  the  tower  was  very  peculiar. 
The  whole  of  these  windows  were  more  or  less  blocked  up  and 
hidden,  previous  to  the  late  restoration.  The  lower  lancet  on 
the  south  side  was  built  up  when  the  turret  staircase  was 
added.  Until  that  time,  access  must  have  been  gained  to 
the  upper  floors  by  ladders.  A  ccureful  examination  of  the 
two  upper  stages  of  the  tower  revealed  in  a  very  clear  and 
interesting  manner  the  history  of  the  fall  of  the  original  spire, 
distinct  evidence  of  the  existence  and  construction  of  which 
are  plainly  discernible  above.  The  small  lancet  openings 
immediately  below  the  belfry  windows  had  been  built  up, 
evidently  with  a  view  of  strengthening  the  walls,  and  small 
trefoil-headed  openings  in  Barnack  stone  had  been  inserted. 
A  reason  for  this  precaution  was  found  on  further  examining 
the  north  side  and  the  belfry  stage.  The  head  and  internal 
arch  of  the  corresponding  lancet  on  this  side  were  entirely 
gone  as  well  as  the  greater  part  of  the  eastern  jamb.  The 
whole  of  the  upper  part  of  the  tower  on  this  side,  as  well 
as  a  portion  on  the  east  side,  appears  to  have  been  destroyed 
at  the  same  time.  This  was  all  rebuilt  with  a  walling  and 
mortar  of  a  totally  different  kind  from  that  used  in  the 
original  work,  and  the  line  of  junction  between  the  earlier 
and  the  later  work  is  easily  traced  (see  elevation  of  original 
church). 

In  the  belfry  were  found  the  original  thirteenth  century 


1L20 

windows  on  the  south  and  west  sides,  but  so  walled  up  and 
mutilated  that  their  original  character  was  quite  lost.  On 
the  north  and  east  sides  were  small  decorated  windows,  in- 
serted at  the  time  the  upper  part  of  the  tower  was  rebuilt. 
Pieces  of  the  central  shafts  of  the  original  windows  can  be 
seen  built  into  the  rubble  work  over  the  heads  of  the  present 
windows.  On  examining  the  roof,  the  remaining  portion  of  the 
central  post  of  the  original  timber  spire  is  found  springing 
from  two  horizontal  beams ;  some  more  of  the  timbers  also 
appear  to  be  in  their  original  positions,  and  others  to  have 
been  altered  and  reframed  to  fit  the  present  roof,  which  has 
undergone  repairs  and  slight  alterations  at  later  periods. 

The  walls  of  the  tower  are  on  the  whole  loosely  and  care- 
lessly built  C^th  the  exception  of  the  wrought  stone,  the 
workmanship  of  which  is  good) ;  and  they  can  never  have 
been  well  fitted  to  bear  the  weight  and  strain  of  a  heavily 
timbered  spire.  There  is  no  record  of  the  date  of  the  fall,  but 
it  was  probably  immediately  followed  by  the  restoration  and 
strengthening  of  the  upper  part,  the  date  of  which  work  may 
be  fixed  by  its  details  and  masonry  at  the  end  of  the  fourteenth 
century.  There  is  little  doubt  that  this,  as  well  as  the  north 
aisle,  the  clerestory,  and  the  nave  roof,  were  the  work  of 
William  de  Fulboume,  whose  well-known  brass  is  found  in 
the  chancel.  A  curious  feature  in  the  tower  is  that  the  arch 
opening  to  the  nave,  although  (judging  from  its  details)  of  the 
same  date  as  the  tower,  on  a  careful  examination  of  the  work 
over  it,  appears  to  be  an  insertion.  No  explanation  of  this 
circumstance  has  been  suggested. 

Although  each  wall  of  the  nave  as  at  present  seen  is  of 
different  date,  they  occupy  the  same  pfositions  as  the  outside 
walls  of  the  earlier  church ;  the  foundations  of  these  were  laid 
bare  and  examined  during  the  restoration.  At  the  same  time 
traces  were  discovered  of  the  foundations  of  the  original  south 
porch  and  of  the  projection  on  the  north  side,  shewn  in  Plate  I, 


221 

Fig.  1.  The  best  feature  in  the  church  is  the  south  arcade  of 
the  nave.  The  details,  though  simple,  are  effective  and  well 
executed,  and  the  proportions  perfect.  As  is  often  the  case, 
the  details  appear  to  have  been  repeated  with  more  or  less 
variation  in  many  churches  in  the  neighbourhood;  the  nave 
arcade  of  Quy  church,  for  instance,  is  an  exact  copy  of  it  on  a 
smaller  scale. 

On  the  north  side  we  find  plain  octagonal  piers  of  more 
massive  character,  later  in  date  and  rough  in  execution.  The 
arches  at  first  sight  appear  to  be  older,  but  are  probably  copies 
of  an  Early  English  original ;  the  western  arch  of  this  range, 
as  will  be  at  once  seen,  is  Early  English,  and  no  doubt  part 
of  the  original  churcL  It  was  clearly  built  in  the  first  instance 
as  a  single  arch  and  not  one  of  a  range,  as  the  eastern  jamb 
still  retains  part  of  the  wall-pier,  and  the  pier  as  at  present 
existing  is  half  Early  English  and  half  Perpendicular.  The 
work  in  this  arch  is  very  careful,  and  the  mouldings  of  the 
caps,  which  are  very  good,  have  been  copied  in  the  new  arches 
on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel.  It  is  curious  to  observe  the 
falling-off  in  this  respect  in  the  later  work  as  exemplified  in  the 
four  remaining  arches  of  the  north  side.  The  thickness  of  the 
mortar  joints,  which  are  so  fine  in  the  early  work  as  to  be 
scarcely  perceptible,  varies  from  one-eighth  to  three-quarters 
of  an  inch  in  the  later,  while  the  columns  and  bases  are  all  of 
different  heights.  When  the  plaster  was  removed  from  the 
walls,  the  rough  joint  forming  the  division  between  the  early 
and  late  work  was  visible,  running  firom  the  top  of  the  cap  to 
the  sill  of  the  clerestory  window.  It  could  also  be  seen  that 
the  Early  English  bay  had  a  hoodmold,  which  was  doubtless 
chopped  away  when  the  other  arches  were  built.  Whatever  the 
building  may  have  been  into  which  this  arch  opened,  there  can 
be  little  doubt  that  it  was  demolished  by  the  ruin  of  the  spire, 
which  clearly  fell  in  a  north-easterly  direction,  blown  over  per- 
haps by  a  south-west  gale. 


222 

The  necessary  restoration  consequent  on  this  may  have  sug- 
gested the  addition  of  the  north  aisle,  which  would  render  a 
clerestory  necessary,  and  consequently  a  new  roof.  All  these 
works  seem  to  have  been  executed  about  the  same  time.  Many 
traces  of  ancient  mural  decorations  were  discovered  during  the 
late  works,  but  none  in  so  perfect  a  state  as  to  allow  of  their 
preservation.  The  wrought  stone  throughout  is  of  clunch  in 
the  earlier  work,  and  Bamack  stone  was  sparingly  used  for  sills 
of  windows,  and  external  quoins  and  weatherings  in  the  later 
additions. 

The  chancel  was  remarkable  for  its  extreme  irregularity  of 
plan.  Not  only  did  its  axis  incline  northwards  at  the  east  end, 
a  common  feature  in  ancient  churches,  but  the  side  walls  were 
even  in  the  first  church  so  far  from  the  parallel  as  to  lead  to 
the  supposition  that  this  peculiarity  must  have  been  the  result 
of  deliberate  design,  though  what  the  purpose  may  have  beea 
can  now  only  be  a  matter  of  conjecture. 

A  reference  to  the  elevations  of  the  first  church  will  shew 
what  portions  remained  or  were  discovered  during  the  late  works. 

The  east  window  previous  to  the  restoration  was  of  late  date 
and  square-headed,  but  bearing  marks  of  having  at  one  time  had 
a  four-centred  head  filled  with  perpendicular  tracery.  The  only 
remnant  to  indicate  the  size  and  character  of  the  original  east 
window  was  a  small  portion  of  the  interior  arch  and  hoodmold, 
which  still  existed  on  the  north  side. 

The  chancel  arch  was  of  late  date,  and  of  bad  design  and 
workmanship;  it  was  crippled,  and  had  thrust  out  the  north 
wall  of  the  nave  and  that  of  the  chancel  for  a  considerable  dis- 
tance. To  remedy  this  a  huge  internal  buttress  of  brick  had 
been  built,  almost  completely  blocking  up  a  good  archway  be- 
tween the  north  aisle  and  the  north  chapel.  This  chapel, 
which  had  latterly  been  used  as  a  receptacle  for  fuel  and  tim- 
ber, was  originally  added,  together  with  the  vestry  or  sacristy, 
about  the  same  time  as  the  south  porch. 


223 

The  south  aisle  was  built,  as  already  stated,  about  1320-30. 
The  square-headed  windows  are  of  the  same  date  as  the  one 
with  the  pointed  head,  as  may  be  seen  by  the  character  of  the 
cusping  and  the  identity  of  the  mouldings.  The  south-west 
doorway,  which  is  in  an  unusual  position,  is  also  of  the  same 
date,  and  must  consequently  have  originally  been  external.  Its 
place  ia  the  cause  of  the  equally  singular  position  of  the  south 
porch,  a  late  addition.  This  porch  was  in  a  very  dilapidated 
state,  the  upper  part  being  constructed  principally  of  timber 
and  bricknogging  plastered  outside.  A  small  quatrefoil  opening 
over  the  inner  doorway  gives  a  view  into  the  chtirch. 

It  is  known  that  William  de  Fulboume  restored  and  con* 
siderably  enlarged  the  churchy  and  although  there  is  no  record 
of  what  his  work  was,  the  style  of  architecture  of  the  north  aisle 
and  of  the  other  parts  of  the  building,  which  have  already  been 
attributed  to  him  in  this  account,  is  so  marked  as  to  fix  the 
date  with  tolerable  exactness,  and  to  render  it  certain  that 
those  portions  of  the  church  must  be  assigned  to  him.  It  is 
worthy  of  remark  that  the  double  cusping,  which  is  a  noticeable 
feature  in  the  windows  of  the  north  aisle,  is  reproduced  in  the 
canopy  of  the  brass  of  William  de  Fulboume  in  the  chancel. 

The  transeptal  chapel  was  added  probably  about  the  mid* 
die  of  the  fifteenth  century,  but  there  is  no  record  of  its  erection 
or  of  its  founder,  unless  an  inscription  mentioned  further  on 
may  be  taken  as  such. 

Half  hidden  behind  an  Elizabethan  tomb  in  this  chapel  is 
a  pretty  little  piscina  in  good  condition.  The  window  on  the 
west  side  is  one  of  the  original  aisle  windows.  The  walls  are 
very  solid  and  strong,  though  built  of  flint  rubble.  They,  as 
well  as  the  clerestory  walls,  presented  in  some  parts  appear- 
ances of  having  been  bmlt  like  a  concrete  wall  between  boards, 
and  they  were  evidently  plastered  as  soon  as  built.  The  para* 
pet  of  this  transept  was  of  brick  and  comparatively  modem. 

There  were  remains  of  fine  old  open  benches,  with  a  good 


224 

deal  of  tracery  ia  the  frocta,  and  some  tolerably  good  stall 
work  in  the  chancel,  but  of  the  rood-screen  nothing  remained 
except  the  lower  part^  and  that  deprived  of  all  its  carving,  and 
whatever  decoration  it  may  once  have  had.  The  pulpit  was 
made  up  of  ancient  fragments  of  screen-work,  some  probably 
taken  from  the  rood-screen  itself. 

The  old  font  had  entirely  disappeared,  nor  could  any  trace 
be  found  of  it.  It  had  been  replaced  by  a  small  and  insig* 
nificant  marble  basin. 

Some  of  the  monuments  in  the  church  possess  a  good  deal 
of  interest  both  in  themselves  and  as  having  been  noted  and 
described  by  Mr  Cole  in  1747,  by  which  means  certain  par- 
ticulars have  been  preserved,  which  would  otherwise  have 
been  lost. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  chancel,  under  a  wooden  canopy, 
lies,  in  Mr  Cole's  words,  ''the  portraiture  of  a  skeleton  or  ana- 
tomical body  of  John  Karaway,  fairly  cut  in  stone."  Set  in  the 
wall  above  it  was  formerly  this  inscription : 

Hie  jacet  Magister  Johannes  Karaway  quondam  Bector 
hujus  ecclesiae  qui  obiit  ultimo  die  mensis  Nov.  1441. 

This  John  Karaway  (or  Careway)  was  the  founder  of  a 
valuable  charity,  which  still  exists,  and  is  given  away  at  Christ- 
mas in  every  year,  to  the  poorer  inhabitants  of  both  parishes,  in 
clothing  tickets  to  the  amount  of  £100. 

In  the  chancel  there  is  also  a  fine  brass,  in  a  fair  state  of 
preservation,  to  the  memory  of  William  of  Fulboume,  of  whom 
mention  has  already  been  made  as  almost  a  second  founder  of 
the  church.  His  arms,  with  those  of  the  see  of  London,  were 
found  in  several  of  the  bosses  of  the  old  roof  of  the  church.  He 
was  rector  of  Widdington  in  Essex,  which  he  resigned  in  1326, 
and  was  Prebendary  of  Holywell  or  Finsbury  in  the  Cathedral 
Church  of  Saint  Paul,  London.  This  prebend  was  given  to  him 
by  Edward  the  Third,  to  whom  he  was  chaplain,  and  who,  in 
the  same  year,  made  him  one  of  the  Barons  of  the  Exchequer. 


225 

A  little  before  this  time  Stephen  of  Fulbourne  wae  Chancellor 
of  Ireland. 

In  the  south  chapel  is  a  monument  with  two  recumbent 
figures,  which  (according  to  Mr  Cole)  formerly  bore  the  follow^ 
ing  inscription : 

''  Orate  pro  anima  Alewandri  Woode  de  Fvlhoume  Recep^ 
taris  Domini  Gardinalis  qui  oHit  5^  die  mensia  Decembri  A.D. 
1432  et  pro  cmima  Johannce  uaoris  ejus.  Quorum  cmimis  propi- 
detur  Deus.    Amen" 

The  style  and  details  of  the  monument  however  point  to  a 
much  later  date  than  1432,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  inscrip- 
tion (as  in  the  case  of  Kareway's  monument)  was  attached  to 
the  wall  and  indicated  the  original  founder  of  the  chapel,  having 
no  doubt  belonged  to  his  monument,  which  may  have  been  de- 
stroyed to  make  room  for  the  present  one  at  least  a  century 
later.  *'  On  the  south  side  of  the  church,  upon  a  stone,  is  the 
portraiture  of  John  Culpin,  Armiger,  engraven  on  brass."  Cole's 
MSS. 

It  now  only  remains  to  give  a  short  description  of  the  work 
of  restoration  and  enlargement  just  completed. 

The  tower  has  been  restored  as  far  as  possible  to  its  original 
f(Nrm  and  design. 

The  windows,  with  the  exception  of  the  lower  one  on  the 
western  side,  are  precise  restorations  of  the  old  work  as  dis- 
covered. This  window  was  a  late  Perpendicular  insertion,  and 
80  decayed  as  to  render  a  new  one  necessary. 

A  double  lancet  has  therefore  been  substituted,  with  the 
twofold  object  of  strengthening  a  weak  point  and  restoring  a 
window  such  as  might  well  have  formed  part  of  the  original 
design. 

No  attempt  has  been  made,  nor  if  funds  had  permitted 
would  it  have  been  safe,  to  restore  the  spire.  The  roof  there- 
fore remains  as  before  the  restoration,  but  a  slight  improvement 


226 

has  been  effected  in  the  appearance  of  the  modem  parapet.  As 
it  had  become  necessary  to  enlarge  the  church  considerably,  the 
present  plan  was  proposed  (see  Plate  IV)  as  one  that  would 
destroy  as  little  as  possible  of  the  old  church  and  interfere  least 
with  its  character  and  appearance.  It  was  absolutely  necessary 
to  take  down  the  chancel  arch  and  build  a  new  one,  and  (as  it 
afterwards  turned  out)  to  take  down  and  rebuild  the  two 
eastern  arches  of  the  north  aisle  and  the  two  arches  of  the 
north  chapel,  besides  other  parts  which  have  been  rebuilt  as 
before.  The  north  transept  and  the  south  aisle  of  the  chancel 
with  its  arches  are  entirely  new. 

The  upper  part  of  the  porch,  the  vestry  roof  and  chinmey, 
the  south  doorway,  the  east  window  of  the  chancel,  and  the 
parapet  and  pinnacles  of  the  south  transept,  are  partly  con- 
jectured restorations  and  partly  new.  All  other  features  have 
been  careAiUy  restored  or  reproduced  from  existing  remains, 
either  known  beforehand  or  discovered  during  the  progress  of 
the  works.  The  treatment  of  certain  of  the  above-named  parts 
perhaps  requires  some  explanation. 

With  nothing  for  a  guide  but  the  fragment  of  hoodmold 
and  arch  already  mentioned,  it  was  of  course  impossible  to 
reconstruct  the  original  Early  English  east  window  with  any 
certainty ;  but  the  window  of  five  lancets  as  now  restored  has 
been  made  to  fit  without  awkwardness  under  the  precise  arch 
of  which  this  must  have  been  a  portion.  The  lower  part  is  at 
present  left  plain  for  the  addition  of  a  reredos.  The  parapet 
and  pinnacles  of  the  south  transept  (although  not  restored  from 
actual  remains)  are  such  as  belong  to  that  date  of  work.  Ex- 
ception may  perhaps  be  taken  to  the  introduction  of  an  Early 
English  doorway  and  other  details  in  the  Perpendicular  south 
porch,  but  the  original  doorway  and  most  of  the  upper  story 
were  in  so  decayed  and  ruinous  a  condition  as  to  necessitate 
entire  reconstruction ;  and  it  was  then  felt  that  it  would  be 
better  to  have  a  good  new  doorway  than  a  copy  of  a  bad  old 


227 

one,  and  the  porch  and  parvise  as  at  present  restored  certainly 
harmonise  better  with  the  tower  and  with  the  south  aisle  than 
a  faithful  restoration  of  its  original  state  would  have  done. 
The  same  apology  must  be  made  for  the  introduction  of  copies 
of  a  two-light  window  (discovered  in  the  chancel)  in  the  north 
chapel.  They  take  the  place  of  a  dilapidated  Perpendicular 
square-headed  window  in  clunch  and  a  modem  doorway  in  the 
N.E.  comer. 

The  stone-work  throughout  the  church  has  been  carefully 
examined  and  repaired,  and  where  necessary  has  been  renewed. 
Ancaster  stone  has  been  used  for  all  new  work,  and  clunch 
where  necessary  for  the  repair  or  restoration  of  old  work  in  the 
interior. 

The  gable  crosses  are  all  new,  no  remains  of  old  ones  being 
found,  except  in  fragments  too  small  to  admit  of  their  resto- 
ration. 

Externally  the  walls  of  the  church  have  been  faced,  old  and 
new,  with  pebbles,  except  in  certain  places  where  the  old  work 
did  not  require  it. 

The  roofs  throughout  are  new,  and  framed  in  fir.  That 
over  the  nave  is  in  nearly  all  respects  a  reproduction  of  the 
original  roof  of  William  de  Fulboume.  In  the  other  roofs, 
wherever  any  feature  worthy  of  preservation  or  imitation  was 
observed  in  the  old  work,  the  point  has  been  attended  to  in 
the  new.  The  chancel  roof,  owing  to  the  want  of  parallelism  in 
the  walls,  presented  considerable  difficulties,  but  by  contracting 
the  successive  bays  from  west  to  east  the  great  deformity  is 
partly  disguised,  and  the  general  effect  is  not  unsatisfactory. 
Most  of  the  ancient  carved  bosses  of  the  original  nave  roof  are 
here  preserved.  One  bears  the  head  of  a  king,  and  another 
that  of  a  bishop,  both  well  carved ;  others  have  shields,  some 
charged  with  Christian  emblems,  others  with  armorial  bearings. 
Amongst  these  are  the  arms  of  William  de  Fulboume  and  the 
family  of  la  Zouche,  the  arms  of  the  see  of  London,  &c.    The 


228 

sittings  are  of  oak,  such  old  ones  as  were  fit  for  the  purpose 
being  preserved  and  reused. 

There  is  a  new  oak  screen  under  the  tower  arch,  and  a  low 
screen  also  of  oak  divides  the  chancel  from  the  nave.  In  these 
screens  tracery  is  introduced,  taken  from  old  seat-fronts  in  the 
nave,  too  dilapidated  to  be  restored*  The  external  doors,  with 
the  exception  of  the  west  door,  are  new  and  of  pitch  pine.  The 
metal  work  is  entirely  new,  as  is  also  the  glazing,  which  is  in 
cathedral  glass  in  quarries. 

The  floor  of  the  nave,  passages,  &c.  is  laid  with  steam- 
pressed  Staffordshire  tiles,  and  the  floor  of  the  chancel  with 
4|  inch  red  and  black  tiles;  that  within  the  altar  rails  with  en- 
caustic tiles. 

The  first  stone  of  the  late  restoration^  being  that  imme- 
diately above  the  floor  level  in  the  south  jamb  of  the  chancel 
arch,  was  laid  on  the  23rd  of  April,  1869;  and  the  church  was 
re-opened  on  the  24th  of  February,  1870. 

N.B.  In  preparing  this  paper,  as  well  as  in  the  execution 
of  the  work  itself,  I  have  received  the  most  valuable  assij)tance 
from  my  friend  and  pupil,  Mr  T.  E«  C.  Streatfeild,  who  acted 
as  derk  of  the  works  throughout,  and  to  whom  is  due  the 
credit  of  elucidating  much  of  the  history  of  the  building  by 
observing  and  measuring  traces  of  ancient  foundations,  &c«, 
which  were  opened  during  the  progress  of  the  work,  but  many 
of  which  might  have  been  passed  unnoticed  by  a  less  intelligent 
eye. 


229 


EXPLANATION  OF  THE  PLATES. 

Plates  I  and  II.    Original  Church. 
A.    Porch;  doubtful 

R  Chapel  or  Oratory;  no  remains  of  foundations,  by  which  to  determine 
the  size. 

0.  Line  of  roofs  at  a  later  date  (end  of  XIYth  centnry). 

D.  Line  of  original  Early  English  roof,  shown  by  a  portion  of  a  string 
or  drip-course  discovered  on  the  east  face  of  the  tower. 

E.  Supposed  form  of  spire. 

F.  Line  showing  extent  of  walling  carried  away  by  the  falling  of  the 
spire  (approximately),  and  rebuilt  in  the  latter  part  of  the  XIYth  century. 

Plates  III  and  IV.    Later  and  Restored  Church. 

The  work  of  different  dates  is  represented  on  these  Plates  by  different 
kinds  of  shading : 

1.  The  Early  English  is  black. 

2.  The  Decorated  is  shown  by  diagonal  lines  sloping  down  from  right 
to  left 

a    The  Transition  is  shown  by  vertical  lines. 

i.  The  Perpendicular  is  shown  by  diagonal  lines  sloping  down  from  lefb 
to  right 

5.  The  modem  work  prior  to  the  late  restoration  is  shown  by  dotted 
lines.  This  only  occurs  at  the  east  end  of  the  north  aisle,  in  Plate  III.  It 
was  removed  during  the  recent  works. 

6.  The  work  of  the  restoration  just  completed  is  shown  by  dots.  See 
Plate  IV. 


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BRONZE     STATUETTE, 
F'ound  a6  EoyrUhy,  Hicnts ,  uv  /S7^ 

CiXrrib    ^\nt. .  Sec   Crrrtrr:    l.V 


B  RONZE    STATUETTE, 
Found  at  EarUJiy,  Nion^  in.   MM . 


CamS  ArU   .Soc   Ccmm.  Vcl  W 


\:; 


XIX.  Remarks  on  a  Bronze  Statuette  found  at 
Earith,  Hunts.  Communicated  by  S,  S.  Lewis, 
Esq.,  B.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College.  (With  a 
lithograph.) 


[May  23,  1870.] 


The  bronze  statuette^  v^hich  forms  the  subject  of  the  present 
commuDication,  belongs  to  Mr  John  Brown,  of  Earith,  Hunts, 
and  was  found  at  the  enclosure  of  the  parish,  in  1814,  at  the 
depth  of  about  18  inches.  The  site  of  the  discovery  is  in  itself 
very  interesting,  being  (like  the  Castle  Hill  at  Cambridge)  one 
of  the  promontories  which  the  high  land  throws  out  upon  the 
great  level  of  the  East  Anglian  Fen,  and  near  a  projection  in 
the  bank  of  the  river  Ouse,  which  has  the  appearance  of  having 
served  as  a  jetty.  At  the  distance  of  half  a  mile  are  clear 
traces  of  a  strongly  intrenched  fort,  on  a  spot  which  still  bears 
the  name  of  The  Bulwark^  and  yields,  from  time  to  time,  pottery 
of  Roman  and  other  early  workmanship. 

Before  attempting  to  speak  with  any  certainty  of  the  attri- 
bution or  age  of  the  relic  before  us,  I  would  call  attention  to  the 
exquisite  proportions  of  the  figure  and  the  noble  curves  which  it 
displays,  whether  studied  in  firont,  in  rear,  or  laterally.  In  these 
respects  I  venture  to  think  that  it  will  appear  to  advantage  when 
compared  with  any  one  of  the  three  similar  statuettes  in  the 
Bronze  room  of  the  British  Museum.    A  bronze  figure'  2|  inches 

^  This  statuette,  perhaps  the  most  interesting  antique  of  the  kind  ever 
found  in  Qreat  Britain,  has  been  since  purchased  (in  May  1871)9  for  £VSO, 
by  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum. 

*  Engraved  in  Price's  Description  of  the  Bucklersbury  Mosaic,  Lend. 
1870,  p.  73. 

17 


232 


(equivalent  to  3  Roman  inches)  in  height,  representing  the 
same  subject,  was  found,  in  the  year  1864,  on  the  property  of 


Mr  Lawrence,  of  Wycomb,  near  Cheltenham,  but  this*  is  far 
inferior  in  style  and  only  one-third  of  the  size  of  the  statuette 
now  exhibited.  From,  a  comparison  of  an  intaglio  sardonyx^ 
of  the  time  of  Hadrian,  in  the  possession  of  the  Bev.  C.  W. 
King,  and  another  (which  used  to  be  called  Pyrrhus,  but  is  now 
more  justly  denominated  Mars),  of  the  same  period,  in  the  Blacas 
Collection,  we  may  infer  that  the  right  hand  must  have  been 
intended  to  grasp  a  lance,  probably  of  silver,  while  the  left  would 
rest  on  a  large  shield  of  the  same  material  and  of  the  oval  form 
used  in  the  heroic  ages;  thus  a  balance  would  be  provided  to  the 
thrown-back  helmet,  and  greater  stability  given  to  the  whole 
figure.    At  first  sight  the  artist's  idea  appeared  to  be  to  repre- 

^  The  acoompanying  wood-cut  of  it  is  taken  from  a  photograph  given  to 
me  by  Mr  C.  W.  King. 


233 

sent  a  Mars^  armed  cap-lt-pied^  and  standing  at  ease  (the  left 
leg  being  slightly  thrown  forward),  in  readiness  to  draw  down 
his  vizor  and  begin  the  fray.  The  helmet,  however,  though 
most  correctly  furnished  with  eyeholes  and  ^osepiece,  is  far  too 
short  to  cover  the  whole  head,  thus  presenting  a  strong  contrast 
to  the  ample  dimensions  of  the  head-gear  of  Mars  on  the  coins 
of  Capua,  Metapontum,  Bruttii,  &c.  Neither  are  the  truly 
Jovial  prominence  of  the  forehead,  or  the  heavy  locks  escaping 
from  under  the  helmet,  characteristjyc,  so  far  as  I  know,  of  the 
genuine  Mars.  The  beard  also  shows  exactly  the  arrangement 
which  has  of  itself  led  to  the  identifi^tioA  of  many  fragmentary 
gems  with  Jupiter  rather  thajj  with  Mars,  who  is  either  beard- 
less (compare  Mus.  Borbon.  xijl.  26  a»d  xy.  36  with  ibid,  xi.  39) 
or  has  his  hair  arranged  in  vertical  curls.  These  considerations, 
and  also  the  presence  of  that  uodrriQg  sign  of  the  Father  of 
gods  and  men — the  thunderbolts  which,  it  will  be  observed,  is 
introduced  as  an  ornament  of  the  grea.vesT=-force  on  me  the  con- 
viction that  we  have  before  us  rathar  a  repneeentation  of  Jupiter 
Martialis,  than  of  the  ever-^outbful  and  impetuous  Qod  of  War. 
To  M.  O.  Feuardent  I  am  indebted  for  a  most  happy  confirmation 
of  this  idea.  He  has  kindly  brought  under  my  notice  a  bronze 
coin  (figured  below),  of  great  rarity,  once^  in  the  Cousin^ry 
Collection^  bearing  on  tlxe  r^yersa  a  figui^a,  which  I  judge  from 
Mionnet's  description  (^I.  p.  353,  No.  291)  to  be  identical  with 
the  one  before  us,  with  the  addition  of  an  eagle  at  the  feet — the 
inscription    ZETC,  APEIQC  .lACCEgpN.    On  the   obverse 


'  Now  in  the  Royal  Cabinet  at  Munich. 

17—2 


234 

side  the  coin  bears  Hadrian's  head,  laureated,  with  the  legend 
ATTOKPATflPA  (sic) '  TPAIANON .  AAPIANON.  C EBAC- 
TON.  Again,  in  Basp^'s  Catalogue  Baisonn^  des  Pierres 
Gravees  (pi.  xviii.  n.  956),  we  find,  on  an  antique  agate  of  Oreek 
workmanship,  a  seated  Jupiter,  fielmeted  and  bearded^  as  the 
one  now  under  discussion.  In  this  case  the  attribution  is  ren- 
dered indisputable  by  the  thunderbolt  in  his  left  hand^  the 
sceptre  in  his  right,  and  the  eagle  between  his  feet. 

Hence  I  venture  to  infer  that  our  relic  is  no  mere  portrait- 
statuette,  but  rather  a  reduced  copy  of  some  famous  Zeus  Areio8\ 
it  may  be  of  the  period  of  Alexander  the  Great  or  his  immediate 
successors,  which  possibly  adorned  the  agora  of  the  wealthy 
town  of  lassus,  in  Caria,  for  I  believe  that  only  statues  of  long- 
established  reputation  find  a  place  on  coins. 

It  has  been  objected  that  the  ornamentation  of  the  cuirass  is 
of  the  character  of  the  age  of  the  early  Caesars  (e.g.  the  statue  of 
Augustus,  found  in  Livia's  villa),  but  here,  again,  numismatics 
come  to  our  aid,  for  I  possess  two  bronze  coins  of  Hiero  II., 
which  show  on  their  reverse  precisely  similar  tracery. 

Immediately  above,  in  the  centre,  is  affixed  a  Gorgon's  head, 

in  early  Greek  art,  the  characteristic  ornament  of  the  cegis  of 

Pallas  Athene,  and  in  the  Caesarian  period  of  the  corslet  of  the 

Boman  emperors.    Thus  Servius,  commenting  on  Virgil,  Ma^ 

vm.,  435— 8: 

^gidaque  horrificam  turbates  Palladis  arma 

ipsamqae  in  pectora  Divas 

Gorgona  desecto  vertentem  limuna  coUo, 

^  Perhaps  this  may  be  a  later  rendering  of  Zeds  Sr^rior,  mentioned  by 
Herodotus  (v.  119)  as  having  a  sanctuary  in  a  grove  of  plane-trees  at 
Labranda,  in  Caria.  Compare  Strabo,  xiv.  p.  659.  Plutarch,  in  his  life  of 
Pyrrhns  (c.  5),.  speaks  of  an  altar  of  Zevs  "Aptios  at  Passaron,  in  Epirus, 
where  each  new  king  and  his  people  were  accustomed  to  take  mutual 
oaths.  Pausanias  (v.  14,  6)  connects  another  such  altar  in  Elis  with  tho 
legend  of  Oenomaus.  It  may  he  added  that  Juno  Martialu  is  known  to 
us  as  a  legend  and  device  on  the  silver  coinage  of  Hostilian,  Trebonianus 
Gallus  and  Volusian. 


235 

remarks  ^'sicut  in  antiquis  imperatorum  statuis  vidctur/'  and 
quotes  Martial,  vii,  1 :—     * 

Acdpe  belligera  cradom  thoraca  Minervse, 
Ipsa  Meduseae  quern  timet  ira  DesB. 

Of  this  the  well-known  statue  of  Hadrian  in  the  British 
Museum  (British  Mus.  Marbles^  xi.  pL  45)  is  an  excellent  illus- 
tration, A  statue  of  Titus  in  the  Louvre,  figured  by  Miiller 
(Denkmaler,  i.  Ixvii.  366),  also  wears  the  head  of  the  terrible 
beauty^  and  has  the  left  hand  resting  on  a  shield  of  heroic  type; 
but  here,  as  usual  with  Eoman  emperors,  the  right  hand  is 
raised  in  the  attitude  of  ^'allocutiol*  and  the  customary  poLudor 
mentum  covers  the  left  shoulder.  In  my  search,  however,  for 
the  earliest  example  of  the  Qorgon's  head  on  a  male  figure,  I 
have  been  assisted  by  Mr  Murray,  of  the  British  Museum,  who 
has  pointed  out  to  me  that  it  is  found  on  the  corslet  of  Alex- 
ander the  Great,  in  the  fine  Pompeian  mosaic,  usually  called  the 
Battle  of  Issus,  in  which,  whatever  be  the  period  of  the  artist, 
the  costumes  are  certainly  Greek. 

It  is  also  seen  on  a  statue  of  a  Canephora  from  Eleusis,  of 
the  era  of  Phidias,  now  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum.  But  a  yet 
earlier  instance  occurs  in  a  pre-Phidian  bas-relief,  on  a  stele 
found  in  the  year  1832  at  Marathon,  where,  above  the  words 
EPrON  APISTOKAEOS  API2TION02  (in  archaic  charac- 
ters) we  find  the  figure  of  a  Marathonian  hero,  who  bears  on  his 
right  breast  a  Medusa's  head — possibly  (like  our  own  national 
St  George)  the  badge  of  high  distinction  (Mus.  Class.  Antiq.  L 
252). 

An  argument  in  favour  of  the  Greek  origin,  or  at  least  Greek 
style,  of  our  relic,  may  be  drawn  from  the  simplicity  of  the 
"  Corinthian"  helmet,  as  the  vizored  kind  was  called  in  distinc- 
tion firom  the  "Athenian,"  which  left  the  face  open.  We  may 
form  a  clear  idea  of  the  plume,  for  which  the  socket  was  placed, 
from  a  coin  of  Tarentum,  figured  by  Carelli  (Num.  M.  G.  cxvi. 
256),  from  a  sard  given  by  Mr  King  as  an  illustration  to  Horace 


236 

(C.  I.  29),  and  from  a  bas-relief  in  the  Louvre,  figured  in  Miiller's 
Denkmaler  (il.  No.  194),  representing  Vulcan  and  his  attend- 
ants at  work  on  the  arms  of  Achilles,  and  from  numerous  other 
monuments. 

In  drawing  this  sketch  to  a  close,  I  would  call  attention  to 
the  conscientious  care  of  the  artist,  who  has  not  neglected  to 
render  clearly  the  cross-straps  which  fasten  the  greaves  behind, 
as  well  as  the  bands  at  the  top  and  bottom  (the  only  attach- 
ments usually  shown),  and  to  the  delicacy  with  which  he  has 
ornamented  the  junction  of  the  dtipa^  and  filrpa  (cf.  j(aKK€o/jLi~ 
rpa^  Kda-T(op,  Pind.  N.  X.  170)  with  acanthus  leaves,  and  how 
the  studs  on  the  filrpa  are  alternately  silver  and  copper.  The 
fringe,  probably  of  leather,  which  forms  a  short  sleeve  to  the 
;^&T<»i/,  is  doubtless  intended  to  protect  the  shoulders,  in  much 
the  same  way  as  our  modem  epaulettes.  The  undulations  of 
the  Ocipa^  seem  to  cover  a  vigorous  frame,  and  all  but  beating 
heart,  and  well  express  the  active  rest  of  him  at  whose  nod 
Olympus  trembles. 

The  substance  of  this  paper  was  subsequently  communi- 
cated to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London  (June  2,  1870), 
and  printed  among  their  Proceedings,  Second  Series,  VoL  iv., 
pp.  498 — 501.  By  the  kind  permission  of  the  Council  of  that 
Society  it  is  here  reprinted  with  a  few  corrections  and  ad- 
ditions. 


■  y 

XX.  On  the  Engraved  Device  used  by  Nioolaus 
GoTz  OF  Sletzstat,  the  Cologne  Printer,  in 
1474.  Communicated  by  Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq., 
M.A.,  University  Librarian. 


[November  21,  1870.] 

A  GOOD  deal  of  attention  has  been  paid  of  late  years  to  a  kind 
of  engraving  which  was  practised  largely  in  Qermany  in  the 
fifteenth  century,  but  which  soon  afterwards  fell  into  disuse. 
These  dotted  or  rather  pimctured  prints  {Oravure0  criblees  or 
Schrotl)ldtter)j  which  were  formerly  looked  upon  as  woodcuts, 
are  now  acknowledged  to  be  specimens  of  goldsmith's  work  of 
a  kind  which  had  existed  for  many  generations  as  ornamental 
work,  but  which  only  came  to  be  used  for  printing  from  when 
the  other  methods  of  engraving  on  wood  and  copper  had  been 
invented  for  that  purpose.  After  examining  such  recent  works* 
as  I  have  been  able  to  find  on  the  subject,  one  thing  which 

^  Those  I  have  examined  are  the  following  :— 

1.  Copiee  photographiques  det  plus  rares  gramires  criblees,  estampes, 
gravures  en  hois  etc,  du  xv.  et  xvi.  si^U  qui  se  trouvent  dans  la  collection 
roydle  d'estampes  a  Munic*  PvblUes  par  Robert  BruUioL  Munic,  1866. 
10  livraismsy  Folio.  Of  these  photographs,  seven  are  from  gravures 
criblees;  among  them  the  St  Christopher  and  the  Woman  of  Samaria, 
alluded  to  below. 

2.  Le  Peintre-Graveur.  Far  J,  2>.  Passavant,  Tome  1.  Leipsic, 
1860,  8yo. 

3.  Histoire  de  Porigine  et  desprogrh  de  la  gratmre  dans  les  Pays- 
Bas  et  en  AUemagne  jusqu'd,  la  fin  du  quinzihne  si^cle.  Par  Jules 
Eenouffier.  Bruxelles,  1860,  8vo.  It  is  singular  that,  though  the  author 
mentions  the  cuts  used  by  Gotz  in  the  text  of  his  edition  of  the  Fasciculus 
temporum,  yet  the  device  seems  to  have  escaped  his  notice. 

4.  Documents  iconographiques  et  typographiques  de  la  biUioth^ue 


strikes  me  forcibly  about  these  prints  is,  that  very  few 
data  seem  yet  to  have  been  discovered  to  show  where  any  of 
them  were  executed  One,  discovered  at  Mainz  in  1800  and 
now  preserved  at  Paris,  bears  the  date  1454\  Another,  now  at 
Munich,  contains  the  arms  of  Cologne.  Others  are  found  in 
two  or  three  little  books,  of  which  the  letter-press  is  in  type  of 
the  same  family  as  (though  not  identical  in  size  with)  that  used 
in  two  of  the  three  editions  of  the  Letters  of  Indulgence  of 
PauHnus  Chappe,  printed  in  1454  (at  Mainz?),  and  also  in 
the  books  printed  at  Bamberg  by  Albert  Piister  in  1461  and 
1462.  In  the  case  of  one  or  two  picture-indulgences  there  is 
enough  engraved  text  to  show,  by  the  dialect  used,  in  what 
part  of  Germany  they  were  produced ;  but  this  is  alL  Under 
these  circumstaaces  I  think  it  as  well  to  put  on  record  any 
new  fact  which  adds  to  our  scanty  knowledge  of  the  subject. 

Some  years  ago  I  laid  before  the  Society  a  copy  of  a  work 
consisting  of  two  Kalendars  {Cisianus  and  ordinary)  and  an 
astronomical  treatise  by  an  otherwise  unknown  writer,  Lazarus 
Beham  of  Sulzbach,  the  whole  printed  at  Cologne  by  Nicolaus 
Qotz  of  Sletzstat  in  1477,  and  remarkable  for  containing  two 
diagrams  engraved  on  copper.  These  are  I  believe  much  the 
earliest  illustrations  of  the  kind  found  in  any  book  printed  in 

rof/ale  de  Belgique.  1*  s^rie  {les  bois),  2*  Unrauon,  Oravure  crtfflee,  In^ 
preifions  fixatives.    Par  M,  H,  Hymam,    BruxeUeSy  1864,  Folio. 

5.  Die  Avfange  der  Dmckerkumt  in  Bild  und  Schrift.  An  deren 
/ruhesten  Erzeugnissen  in  der  WeigeVschen  Sammlung  erldtUert  von 
T,  O,  Weigel  und  Dr  Ad.  Zeetermann,  Bd.  2.  Leipzig,  1866,  Folia 
This  work  contains  a  description  of  Mr  Weigel's  own  collection,  of  which 
Nos.  322 — 100  are  Schro(bldtier ;  but  though  the  book  abounds  with  fiio- 
similes,  only  one  is  given  of  this  kind  of  print 

^  This  date,  on  the  print  of  St  Bemardinns  at  Paris,  has  been  read 
by  some  1474 ;  but  the  fact  is,  that  the  5  used  in  Germany  and  the  Low 
Countries  at  that  time  was  very  much  more  like  a  modem  7  than  a  modem 
5,  but  not  at  all  like  the  7  used  at  the  same  period  The  misreading  is 
all  the  more  unfortunate,  that  it  seems  to  throw  a  doubt  upon  what  is 
unquestionable,  and  to  make  it  appear  as  if  the  reading  1454  originated 
in  a  wish  to  make  the  print  older  than  it  is  in  fact. 


239 

Germany,  and,  as  such,  deserve  more  attention  than  they  have 
"hitherto  received'.  A  few  weeks  ago  I  purchased  from  Messrs. 
Sotheran  &  Co.  a  copy  of  the  Itepertorium  juris  of  Joannes 
Milis,  printed  at  Cologne  in  1475  by  this  same  printer,  Nicolaus 
Qotz  of  Sletzstat,  and  containing  his  engraved  device,  which 
I  had  never  before  seen.  This  device  has  been  mentioned  by 
several  writers',  but  from  their  remarks,  or  from  the  absence 
of  their  remarks,  I  had  always  assumed  it  to  be  an  ordinary 
woodcut.  I  was  as  much  surprised,  therefore,  as  pleased,  on 
receiving  the  bpok,  to  find  that  the  device  was  not  a  woodcut 
at  all,  but  one  of  those  dotted  or  punctured  engravings  (^rra- 
vwres  crihUea)  which  I  have  been  speaking  about  As  Qotz's 
employment  of  engravings  on  copper  to  illustrate  one  of  his 
books  had  added  much  to  the  interest  I  had  long  felt  in  the 
productions  of  his  press  (from  the  fact  of  its  connexion  with 
our  own  first  printer,  Caxton,  as  well  as  with  certain  Belgian 
presses  connected  with  both),  it  may  be  supposed  that  this 
fresh  discovery  was  not  likely  to  diminish  that  interest. 

Renouvier  {Histoire,  p.  27)  has  pointed  out  the  important 
fact  mentioned  above,  that  in  the  only  engraving  of  this  kind 
which  gives  any  certain  clue  to  the  place  of  its  production — ^the 
one  now  at  Munich  representing  Our  Lord  and  the  woman  of 
Samaria — the  arms  of  Cologne  appear  on  the  well ;  as  may  be 
seen  in  the  photograph  given  in  Brulliot's  Copies  phoUh 
graphiques.  But  in  the  case  of  Gotz's  device  we  have  not 
only  the  place  (Cologne),  but  the  year  (1474),  and  the  name  of 

^  See  some  account  of  this  book  in  a  note  at  the  end  of  this  paper. 

^  I  was  not  aware,  at  the  time,  that  Dibdin  had  given  a  &c-simile  of 
this  very  device  in  his  Supplement  to  the  Bibliotheea  Spenceriana 
(London,  1822,  8vo.),  p.  47i  in  tlie  description  of  one  of  the  editions  of 
the  Latin  Bible,  printed  by  Gotz,  with  his  device,  bat  without  his  name. 
The  fact  that  even  then  Dibdin  was  unacquainted  with  the  type  and 
failed  to  recognise  whose  the  device  was,  tends  to  show  how  rare  Gotz's 
books  are.  But  his  facsimile  does  not  by  any  means  fairly  represent  the 
engraving  of  the  original ;  though  even  in  the  copy  there  is  enough  to  show 
to  almost  any  one  that  it  is  not  an  ordinary  woodcut 


240      . 

the  printer,  who  made  use  of  the  plate  even  if  he  did  not 
engrave  it  himself.  His  neighbour  KoelhoflE^  the  Cologne 
printer,  we  know  was  a  goldsmith ;  and  there  are  several  other 
instances  of  the  occupations  of  goldsmith  and  printer  being 
combined  in  one  person,  at  a  time  when  most  printers  were 
their  own  type-founders;  so  that,  whether  engraved  by  Qotz 
himself  or  not,  there  is  nothing  to  lead  us  to  doubt  that  it  was 
executed  at  Cologne. 

We  learn  from  Dr  Ennen's  preface  to  his  Katalog  der 
Inhmabela  in  der  Stadt-Bihlioihek  zu  Koln,  that  Nicolaus 
Qotz  was  matriculated  at  the  University  of  Cologne  in  the 
faculty  of  law,  in  1470 ;  and  that  he  had  left  Cologne  before 
1481,  as  appears  from  documents  in  the  Cologne  archives.  His 
first  dated  book  is  the  Vita  Chrisbi  of  Ludolphus,  April  30, 
1474 ;  his  last  is  the  Latin  Bible  of  May  9,  1480\  His  type 
does  not  appear  at  Cologne  after  1480;  but  there  are  many 
books  in  the  same  type  which  bear  evident  marks  of  having 
preceded  the  Vita  Christie  and  which  may  therefore  safely  be 
placed  between  1470  and  1474.  Still,  so  far  as  we  know,  the 
Vita  Chriati  of  April  30,  1474,  is  the  first,  and  the  FasciGulus 
temporum  of  1478  is  the  last  book  of  his,  in  which  his  name 
and  engraved  device  have  been  yet  found.  Unfortunately  his 
books  are  rarely  to  be  met  with,  and  there  is  no  work  which 
contains  any  approach  to  a  complete  list  of  them,  much  less 
any  account  of  the  various  points  of  interest  connected  with 
them. 

I  The  copies  of  the  second  yolome  of  this  Bible  at  the  Hague  and  at 
Cologne  are  described  by  Mr  Holtrop  and  Dr  Ennen ;  and  I  have  myself 
examined  the  perfect  copy  in  Jesus  College  library  in  this  University. 
The  date  runs  thus :  *  Anno  M*  CCCO»  kxx*.  vij.  id'  maij/  Mr  Holtrop 
And  Dr  Ennen  both  take  this  to  mean  *  the  ides  of  May,  1487,  not  seeing 
that  this  rendering  would  have  required  vij"*  instead  of  vij.  Take  the 
date  as  it  stands '  M*  CCCC  bxx«  [1480]  v^.  id*^  maij'  [May  9],  and  it 
harmonises  perfectly  with  the  fact  which  Dr  Ennen  elsewhere  adduces 
from  the  dty  records,  that  Gotz  had  left  Cologne  by  1481 ;  and  the  dif- 
ficulty about  his  types  being  found  at  Cologne  in  1487  thus  vanishes  at  once. 


241 

The  device  itself,  when  complete,  measures  2J  in.  by  1|  in., 
and  consists  of  an  upright  coat  of  arms  (a  chevron  between 
three  scallop  shells)  surmounted  by  a  helmet  with  the  usual 
mantlings,  upon  which  is  the  crest  (a  man,  half-length,  and 
holdiug  what  looks  like  a  sword  with  both  hands) ;  and  above 
and  on  each  side  of  the  crest  is  the  motto,  the  same  which 
appears  with  slight  variations  in  most  of  Qotz's  books :  on  one 
side,  'sola  spes  mea>'  and  on  the  other,  'inte  (or  uite)  virgis 
gra.'  At  the  foot  is  the  name  *  Nicolaus  gotz  de  sletzstat.'  I 
have  not  been  able  to  see  a  perfect  copy  of  the  Ludolphus.  Of 
the  Fasciculus  temporum  of  1474  there,  is  a  copy  in  the  British 
Museum.  In  this  the  device  is  perfect  In  the  Repertorivm 
juris  of  1475,  and  I  presume  in  all  subsequent  impressions,  the 
line  at  the  foot,  containing  the  priuter's  name,  has  disappeared. 
The  device  stands  close  against  the  type,  but  there  is  no  trace 
of  any  rivets  or  nails  by  which  the  plate  has  been  fastened  into 
its  place  in  the  form*. 

The  earliest  prints  of  this  kind  are,  in  the  opinion  of 
Passavant  {Le  Peintre-Oraveur,  tome  1),  those  in  which,  like 
the  Munich  St  Christopher  (see  the  photograph  given  by 
BruUiot),  almost  all  the  effect  is  produced  by  dots  or  punctures 
of  different  sizes  and  more  or  less  thickly  spread,  resembling 
embroidery  work  with  pearls.  The  next  stage  seems  to  be 
that  in  which  the  various  effects  of  light  and  shade  are  pro* 
duced  by  a  combination  of  dots  (in  the  earlier  specimens,  dots 
of  different  sizes)  and  fine  lines.  In  the  latest  specimens  the 
dots  have  ceased  to  form  any  part  of  the  life  (so  to  speak)  of 
the  treatment,  and  are  used  only  to  relieve  a  purely  black 
ground;   and  so  the  practice  is  eventually  reserved  for  the 

^  I  have  a  focsimile  which  has  been  executed  for  me  by  the  Autotype 
Oompany,  from  the  copy  of  the  Fasciculus  temporum  of  1474  (formerly 
belonging  to  Dr  Kloas)  in  the  British  Museum,  marked  581.  i.  1.  I  shall 
be  very  happy  to  give  a  copy  to  any  one  interested  in  the  subject  who  will 
give  hmiself  the  trouble  to  ask  for  it. 


242 

dotted  grounds  of  the  initial  letters  so  common  in  the  first 
half  of  the  sixteenth  century.  In  Gotz's  device  the  combina- 
tion of  dots  and  fine  lines  is  very  apparent ;  and  it  would  seem 
to  occupy  a  position  about  midway  between  the  earlier  and 
later  modes. 

I  may  as  well  mention  here  that  we  have  in  the  University 
Library  two  editions  of  the  Horohgium  devoUonis  printed  at 
Cologne,  one  probably  between  1485  and  1495  and  the  other 
between  1496  and  1506,  which  serve  to  illustrate  this  pointy 
though  I  have  not  seen  any  notice  of  these  volumes  as  con- 
taining prints  of  this  description.  Both  editions  are  illustrated 
partly  by  gravures  cribUes  and  partly  by  ordinary  cuts.  The 
first  is  by  XJlric  Zell  apud  Lijskirchen  and  is  in  16mo.  The 
second  is  by  Joh.  Landen  infra  sedecim  domoa  and  is  in  8vo. 
The  gravures  cribUes  are  the  same  in  both  editions,  though  all 
of  them  are  not  used  in  the  earlier  one.  For  some  reason  the 
illustrations  from  the  ninth  to  the  nineteenth  hours  are  ordi- 
nary cuts  in  the  Lijskirchen  edition;  but  those  which  are 
found  in  Landen's  edition  for  those  hours,  are  beyond  a  doubt 
parts  of  the  same  series  as  the  rest  Now  in  almost  all  these 
the  dots  are  simply  used  to  relieve  the  black  ground  where 
necessary ;  and  it  is  only  in  one  or  two,  such  as  that  of  Pilate 
washing  his  hands,  that  there  is  any  trace  of  that  combination 
of  dots  and  fine  lines  which  marks  the  earlier  prints  of  this 
kind.  I  may  notice  in  passing,  that  in  the  Lijskirchen  edition 
in  16mo  the  prints  occupy  a  full  page  and  are  intact ;  whereas 
in  Landen's  edition  in  Svo,  where  the  print  occupies  only  part 
of  the  page,  the  rivets  are  only  too  distinctly  visible  at  top  and 
bottom  or  at  opposite  corners,  where  the  plate  has  been  fixed 
into  the  form  which  holds  the  type.  It  is  satisfactory  to  be 
able  to  see  the  two  editions  side  by  side,  and  so  to  be  able  to 
observe  the  different  modes  of  printing  the  plates  both  at  work, 
I  gather  from  Mr  Weigel's  description  that  in  his  own  copies 
of  the  Passion  (Nos.  338,  339)  these  rivets  or  nails  have  been 


243 

used,  even  though  there  is  no  text  on  the  same  page.  That  it 
is  so  also  in  the  case  of  the  two  little  printed  books  at  Munich, 
which  are  illustrated  with  gravures  crihUes,  is  evident  from 
the  facsimile  which  Dibdin  has  given  of  one  in  his  Bif>liO' 
graphical  amd  Antiquarian  Tour,  Vol.  i.  (London,  1824,  8vo), 
p.  124. 

It  is  much  to  be  wished  that  more  facts  should  be  ascer- 
tained about  the  home  of  these  curious  prints.  It  is  clear 
from  what  has  been  said  that  they  are  found. both  used  by 
printers  to  illustrate  their  books,  and  as  single  sheets  uncon- 
nected with  books,  so  far  as  the  printing  is  concerned,  but 
pasted  in  for  devotional  purposes.  Where  they  form  part  of 
the  book  we  have  the  type  to  help  us ;  but  in  the  other  cases, 
which  are  far  the  most  numerous,  what  should  be  considered  is, 
not  so  much  where  the  book  was  printed  as  who  its  former 
owners  were,  as  these  are  the  people  who  inserted  them.  What 
is  called  the  Mazarine  Crucifixion  was  found  in  a  copy  of  the 
42-line  Bible  of  1456,  and  is  therefore  assumed  to  have  been 
printed  at  Mainz.  It  would  have  been  more  to  the  purpose  to 
tell  us  to  what  monastic  library  the  book  belonged  in  the 
fifteenth  century ;  a  fact  which  in  a  large  number  of  cases  is 
easily  ascertained.  All  these  facts  are  only  an  aid  to  finding 
what  we  want  to  know ;  but  they  should  not  be  neglected  as 
they  too  often  are. 


244 


NoTS  ON  A  Book  printed  at  Cologne  bt  Gotz  in  1477,  with  two 

ILLU8TKATI0NS  SNGHAYED  ON  OOPPEB. 

I  am  glad  of  this  opportanity  of  putting  on  record  a  notice  of  this 
volume,  aa  my  remarks  on  the  subject  were  not  printed  among  the 
Society's  communications  in  1866;  and  still  more  because,  though  mudi 
has  been  said  about  it,  no  one  seems  hitherto  to  have  discoyered  either 
the  name  of  the  author,  or  the  place  where  it  was  pnnted. 

The  book  consists  of  72  leaves  in  small  quarto,  without  any  imprint ; 
but  it  is  printed  in  the  type  used  only,  so  far  as  we  know,  by  Nicolaos 
Gotz  at  Cologne,  between  1474  and  1480.  It  is  divided  into  three  main 
portions :  (1)  *  Kalendarius  cum  Cysiano,'  26  leaves  (1—26),  in  3  quires 
of  8,  8,  and  10  leaves  respectively ;  (2) '  Alius  Kallendarius  volgarisatos 
per  festa  idus  nonas  et  Kalleudas,'  28  leaves  (27—54),  in  4  quires  of  6,  8, 
4,  and  10  leaves  respectively;  (3)  '£yn  buch  von  der  astronomien,'  18 
leaves  (55 — 72),  in  2  quires  of  8  and  10  leaves  respectively.  A  full  table  of 
contents  of  the  whole  volume  is  printed  on  the  first  page,  and  occupies 
33  lines,  of  which  the  commencement  is  given  by  Hain  (Rep,  bihL  No, 
''^9728).  The  first  and  third  portions  seem  in  some  measure  independ^it 
works;  the  second  is  based  chiefly  on  the  Kalendar  and  calculations  of 
B^omontanus.  In  the  first  portion  the  Radices  planetarum  are  calcu- 
lated for  the  years  1477  to  1536,  and  they  are  described  in  the  table  of 
contents  as  'pracUcatas  Anno  domini  1477.'  Then  follows  the  'Tabula 
augis  omnium  planitarum  anno  Ohristi  1477,'  and  with  this  an  Exemphan 
beginning :  '  Item  ich  wil  wissen  den  miteln  louff  sotuiuus  vff  den.  x^. 
tag  aprilli  in  dem  .1478.  iar...'.  I  think  this  makes  it  dear  that  the  book 
was  printed  in  1477i  and  not  the  year  before. 

In  the  second  portion,  opposite  the  mondis  of  the  Kalendar,  are  the 
tables  of  new  and  full  moon  calculated  for  three  19-year  cydes,  beginning 
1475,  1494,  and  1513.  In  the  Canon,  or  directions  about  these^  occur 
the  words, '  Ich  warn  dich  fiirbas  das  alle  soldie  reehnung  gericht  ist  uff 
die  hoch  lobsame  stat  Nurembei^.'  The  compiler  is  here  simply  quoting 
Begiomontanus.  In  the  Tatid  der  Sunnen  and  Taud  dee  Mondee  the 
tables  run  from  1475  to  1534.  The  eclipses  are  calculated  from  1476  to 
1527. 

Leaves  45  and  46  are  pasted  together,  and,  45^  and  46^  being  blank, 
45*  is  occupied  by  a  diagram  engraved  on  copper,  without  any  text^  and 
46"  by  another  diagram  similarly  engraved,  consisting  of  a  graduated  drde 
with  days  of  the  month,  signs  of  the  zodiac,  &C.,  and  two  revdving  drdea 
also  graduated  and  engraved  in  the  same  way,  and  fixed  on  to  the  paper 


245 

with  knotted  thread  and  a  little  square  of  parchment    The  plate  measoreB 
about  six  inches  each  way,  and  above  the  drde  are  the  words  (engraved): 

INSTRVMENTVM  VERI  MOTVS  LVNB 
and  below  (engraved) : . 

ADDB  INDBM  SCHALT  lAR  AN  SANCT  MATHIAS 
SALTV  DIB  ZWO  BCHIBBN  FVRBAS  VF  XllI  GRAD  RVCKEN 
Both  pages  have  a  very  smudged  appearance  where  the  impression  has 
been  taken  from  the  plate.  The  matter  and  diagrams  correspond  with 
those  found  in  the  Latin  and  Italian  editions  of  Regiomontanus,  printed 
at  Venice  by  Erh.  Ratdolt  in  1476. 

The  third  portion  begins, '  Hie  &that  an  ey»  buch  von  der  astrono- 
mies.../ and  treats  first  of  the  twelve  signs  of  the  zodiac,  and  then  of  the 
seven  planets.  The  first  part  the  compilsr  concludes  thus:  'vnd  dis 
ist  gheseit  von  den  zwelf  zeichen  vff  das  aller  curczt,  als  ich  lazarus  beham 
von  sulczbach  practicus  in  quadrauio  es  hab  gezogen  vsz  dem  alcapido 
vnd  centoloquium  vnd  quadripetite  vsz  ptholomeus  vnd  halli  abragel  sun 
vnd  ander  mer  &c.'  The  part  about  the  planets  conclades  thus:  'vn 
dis  sy  gesseit  von  den  vy  planeten  vff  das  aller  kurst'  The  rest  of  the 
page  b  occupied  with  some  remarks  on  the  cauda  draconis,  and  with  this 
the  volume  end&    The  last  page  is  blank. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  learn  anything  more  of  the  author,  Lazarus 
Beham  of  Sulzbach,  than  we  read  here.  But  it  is  singular  that  neither 
the  Munich  authorities,  nor  Hain,  nor  Weigel,  nor  Libri,  by  all  of  whom 
this  very  volume  has  successively  been  examined,  should  have  discovered 
the  author's  name. 

This  copy  belonged  in  early  times  to  the  Collegium  S,  Petri  Juniorts 
Argentinae,  as  appears  by  an  entry  on  the  first  page.  It  subsequently 
found  its  way  into  the  Royal  library  at  Munich,  and  bears  the  stamp 
(now  partly  obliterated)  at  each  end,  'Bibliotheca  Regia  Monacensis.' 
While  there  it  was  described  by  Hain,  though  not  with  his  usual  accuracy, 
as  the  figura  cutronomica  mobilif^  which  he  describes  as  occuj^liig  leaf 
45,  is  really  the  two  diagrams  on  45*  and  46^  described  above ;  and  he 
further  spunks  only  of  woodcut  illustrations,  which  those  representing  the 
edipses  no  doubt  are. 

In  1858  it  formed  part  of  a  collection  of  duplicates  from  the  Munich 
library,  sold  by  Butsch  at  Augsburg,  on  which  occasion  it  was  bought  by 
Mr.  T.  0.  Weigel,  of  Leipzig,  for  the  moderate  sum  of  45  florins.  It  had 
been  stamped,  before  leaving  Munich,  with  the  mark  '  Duplum  Bibliothecso 
R.  Monac.'  which  is  now  almost  entirely  obliterated. 

Mr  Weigel  vnna  not  a  man  to  make  light  of  such  a  purchase,  and  it 
appeared  almost  immediately  after  in  his  Catalogue  mensuel  de  litres 
anciens,  raret  et  curieux  qui  ie  trouvent  ehez  T.  0.  Weigd  a  Leipzig^ 
No.  9,  under  the  number  3106,  aa  Kdlendurii  duo  {Latine  et  Oermanice) 
e.Jlg.  aere  et  lign,  ine,  S.leta.  (1476.)  tn-4.  rel  en  b.,  and  priced  at  160 


246 

thalera,  or  £24  i  A  note  doscribos  it  aa  '  d'une  haute  importance  pour 
rhistoire  de  la  gravure...!!  contient  deux  graynres  en  taille  douce,  qui 
prouvent  que  le  Monte  santo  di  Dio  par  A.  Bettini,  public  a  Florence,  en 
1477,  n'6tait  pas  le  premier  livre  dang  lequel  se  trouvent  des  gr&yures, 
et  que  cette  inyention  n'appartient  pas  aux  Italiens,  mala  aux  Allemands. 
Le  livre  est  de  toute  raretA,  il  ne  se  trouve  nul  part  une  notice  d'une 
autre  ezemplaire.'  All  is  fair  in  war,  it  is  said,  and  no  doubt  in  trade 
also.  We  may  suppose  that  the  note  was  written,  the  Munich  marks 
obliterated,  and  the  price  fixed,  by  some  subordinate ;  but  it  is  difficult 
to  understand  how  such  a  tissue  of  irrelevant  statements  (to  use  the 
gentlest  expression)  can  have  been  allowed  to  appear  by  a  man  like 
Mr  Weigel,  whose  known  acquaintance  with  the  subject  might  be  tiiiatcd 
to  lead,  rather  than  mislead,  the  unwary  purchaser. 

The  note  however  did  its  work,  and  the  book  was  immediately  bought 
by  M.  Libri,  and  in  the  following  June  (1859)  it  appeared  in  the  sale 
catalogue  of  a  portion  of  his  library  (sold  in  London  by  Messrs.  Sotheby 
&  Co.),  with  a  long  note  attached,  in  which  all  the  statements  in  Mr  Weigel's 
Catalogue  were  repeated,  with  expansion.  But  the  bidding  did  not 
answer  M.  libri's  expectations,  not  reaching  nearly  half  the  sum  that  he 
had  given  for  the  book,  and  it  was  bought  in  by  the  owner  for  £11. 

Soon  after  tliis  a  notice  appeared  in  the  Beilage  zu  No,  295  dei 
Dresdner  JoumaU  (Dec  23, 1859),  from  the  pen  of  Dr  Graesse,  in  which 
that  writer  abuses  M.  Libri  literally  like  a  pickpocket^  and  cbaiges  him 
with'  ignorance,  theft,  and  falsification.  If  these  engravings  had  really 
been  on  copper,  he  says,  how  could  they  have  escaped  Ham's  notice? 
How  could  the  book  have  brought  so  small  a  sum  at  the  Munich  sale  ? 
In  fact  M.  Libri  must  have  stuck  the  plates  in  himself  and  palmed  them 
off  as  a  genuine  part  of  the  book,  &c.,  &c.  Dr  Graesse  allows  that  he  had 
never  seen  the  book  himself,  but  it  is  a  pity  that  the  onmiscience  which 
he  elsewhere  claims  for  himself  (see  the  note  in  his  Trhor  det  Iwret 
rares,  tome  1,  page  553,  on  Brunet's  Manuel  du  libraire,)  did  not  come 
to  his  aid  and  make  him  aware  that  all  the  enormities  which  he  charges 
to  M.  Libri's  account  in  regard  to  this  book,  were  in  reality  due  to  the 
description  of  it  published  by  his  own  countryman  and  neighbour 
Mr  Weigel. 

In  1865  the  book  reappeared  in  London  at  the  sale  of  another  portion 
of  M.  Libri's  libraxy  (by  Messrs.  Puttick  and  Simpson),  and  this  time  it 
was  allowed  to  go  to  Mr  F.  S.  Ellis  for  the  reduced  sum  of  £7.  12«.  6d. 
It  remained  with  him  unexamined  until  January  1866,  when,  on  passing 
through  London,  I  happened  to  see  it.  I  at  once  recognised  it  as  an  un- 
claimed production  of  one  of  my  favourite  printers ;  and  I  madejt  my  own 
without  delay.  Some  years  afterwards  I  presented  it  to  the  University 
Library,  with  other  books  of  the  same  kind,  and  there  I  hope  it  will  now 
remain. 


XXL     On  Two  Engravings  on  Copper,   bt   G.  M., 

A  WANDERING  FLEMISH  ArTI^T  OP  THE  XV — XVItH 

Century.    Communicated  by  Henry  Bradshaw, 
Esq.,  M.A.,  University  Librarian. 


[November  21,  1870.] 

Among  the  little-known  engravers  on  copper  in  the  Low 
Countries  at  the  close "  of  the  fifteenth  century,  one  who 
signs  himself  G.  M.  is  certainly  one  of  the  least  known.  The 
earlier  writers  make  no  mention  of  hinL.  Passavant  {Le 
Peintre-OraveuVf  tome  2,  page  291)  mentions  but  one  piece 
of  his,  a  'Mass  of  St  Gregory,*  of  which  an  impression  is  pre- 
served at  Lidge.  I  have  recently  found  two  more;  one  in 
a  manuscript^  in  St  John's  College  library,  the  other  in  a 
printed  book*  in  the  library  at  Lambeth  Palace.  These  two 
are  dated  from  diflferent  places,  the  one  from  Mechlin,  and  the 
other  from  Dendermonde.  I  have  thought  it  worth  while  to 
make  a  note  of  them  for  the  Society,  partly  because  they  afiford 

1  This  MS.  first  came  to  my  knowledge  early  in  186S ;  and  I  then  read 
(March  9,  1868)  before  the  Society  some  remarks  both  upon  tlie  Honse  of 
Bethany  which  it  contains,  and  upon  three  4>ther  little  (early  Dutch)  en- 
gravings on  copper,  which  1  found  fastened  into  a  Utrecht  Breviary 
(16mo.  Paris— Antwerp,  1514),  in  the  University  Library.  I  have  included 
my  remarks  on  the  Howe  at  Bethany,  by  G.  M.,  in  the  present  paper; 
and  I  have  taken  the  liberty  of  subjoining  a  description  of  the  other  three 
engravings  in  the  form  of  a  note.  (See  Note  A  at  the  end<of  this  com- 
munication.) 

*  This  book  bears  marks  of  having  once  contained  eighteen  of  these 
devotional  pictures  fastened  into  it.  (See  Note  B  at  the  end  of  this 
communication.) 

18 


248 

an  interesting  instance  of  the  work  of  a  wandering  artist  who 
has  attracted  little  attention ;  but  I  am  chiefly  anxious  to  do 
80  because  it  is  most  desirable  that  engravers  of  this  date 
should  not  be  suffered  to  remain  unknown  merely  from  the 
fact  that  the  few  specimens  which  time  has  spared  of  their 
work  happen  to  lie  buried  among  the  treasures  of  what  are, 
comparatively  speaking,  private  libraries. 

1.  Christ  in  the  house  at  Bethany.  This  is  printed  on  a 
quarto  page  of  paper  measuring  7i  in.  by  5^  in.  The  plate 
itself  measures  5  in.  in  height,  by  3^  in.  in  breadth  at  the  top 
and  3|  at  the  bottom.  The  interior  of  the  house  is  represented 
as  seen  from  the  outside.  At  the  top  is  the  roof  with  its 
dormer  windows,  beneath  which  is  the  parapet  with  three 
extinguisher  turrets  cut  short  below.  Between  the  first  and 
secondi  and  the  second  and  third  of  these  are  the  words : 

Gastellimi  marthe 

bethania  QVL 

In  the  interior,  on  the  left-hand  side,  are  a  crowd  of  dis- 
ciples, men  and  women,  standing,  of  whom  ten  are  visible, 
while  there  are  signs  of  more  in  the  background.  Next  to 
these,  in  the  centre,  are  seen  on  a  raised  high-backed  seat, 
behind  which  are  two  windows,  the  Blessed  Virgin  and  our 
Lord,  at  whose  feet,  on  the  right,  in  front,  is  seated  Mary 
Magdalene,  with  a  book  open  on  her  knee,  and  behind  her, 
haJf-kneeling,  her  sister  Martha,  to  whom  our  Lord  is  speaking 
(Luke  X.  41,  42).  Thus  far  the  figures  are  all  seen  between 
the  two  slender  columns  which  support  the  front  archway. 
On  the  right-hand  side,  behind  Martha,  and  seen  through  the 
side  archway,  is  a  servant,  with  apron  on  and  sleeves  tucked 
up,  engaged  in  hanging  a  kitchen-pot  upon  a  large  hook  over 
the  fire.     On  the  floor  at  her  feet  is  the  word 

maFcella 

On  the  floor  in  front  of  the  dais,  between  Mary  Magdalene  and 


249 

the  feet  of  the  only  two  disciples'  who  stand  in  advance  of  thel 
dais,  are  the  words 

Lazarus 
Cedoni^ 

In  the  lower  right-hand  comer  a  piece  of  the  ground  outside 
the  house  is  visible,  with  grass  and  plants  growing.  Every 
figure  has  a  nimbus,  all  quite  plain,  except  that  our  Lord's  is 
distinguished  by  the  usual  cross.  On  a  line  along  the  foot 
of  the  whole  plate  are  the  words 

Ez  bethnia  p^^pe  mechlinia^  tradit^^  pressa 
which  may,  I  suppose,  be  paraphrased  thus :  '  This  picture  as 
here  printed  may  be  procured  from  the  House  of  Bethany  near 
Mechlin.* 

In  the  Documents  iconographiquea  et  typographiqties  de  la 
hibliothhqv£  royale  de  Belgique,  V  siris  (les  hois),  2*  livraison, 
pp.  17,  18,  M.  Hymans  gives  a  description  of  two  engravings 
in  the  possession  of  M.  Aug.  de  Bruyne,  of  Mechlin,  of  the  first 
of  which  M.  de  Bruyne  has  the  original  plate.  The  second  is 
almost  a  duplicate  of  ours,  and  one  njust  be  a  copy  of  the 
other.  M.  Hymans  adduces  them  as  specimens  of  work  where 
the  principal  part  is  engraved  in  relief,  as  if  the  material  were 
wood,  while  the  ordinary  process  of  engraving  on  copper  has 
only  been  brought  into  requisition  to  produce  the  fine  details. 

^  To  Bach  of  us  as  are  familii^*  only  with  the  Gospel  narrative,  a  glance 
at  the  Golden  Legend,  or  some  such  work,  will  be  necessary,  to  explain 
that  Cedonius  was  the  man  bom  blind,  whose  eyes  our  Lord  opened 
(John  ix.);  and  that  M^rtiUa  (here  called  Marcella)  was  the  servant  of 
Martha,  who  at  the  dispersion  accompanied  {ler  mistress  to  Marseilles 
together  with  Mary  Magdalene,  Lazarus,  Cedonius,  and  Maximinus,  one 
of  the  seventy  disciples  to  whose  care  Peter  had  entrusted  Mary  Magda- 
lene. As  Martha  is  said  to  have  been  the  woman  who  was  healed  on  the 
way  to  the  house  of  Jairus  (Matt.  ix.  20),  so  Martilk  is  identified  in  the 
legend  with  the  woman  who  lifted  up  her  voice  jind  said, '  Blessed  is  the 
womb  that  bare  thee,  and  the  paps  which  thou  hast  sucked '  (Luke  xi.  27). 
The  acts  of  Martha  are  said  to  have  been  written  by  Martilla. 

18—2 


250 

There  is  no  work  of  this  kind  in  our  G  M  engraving ;  and  there 
are  other  points  of  difference  in  detail.  Besides  the  absence  of 
signature,  the  names  *  Marcella '  and  '  Cedonius '  are  apparently 
absent,  and  in  the  line  at  the  foot  M.  de  Bruyne's  has  '  be- 
thania*  and  '  mechliniam/  where  ours  has  'bethnia*  and 
*  mechlinia.'  I  am  not  in  a  position  to  say  which  is  the  ori- 
ginal and  which  is  the  copy.  What  M.  Hymans  says  is  as 
follows : 

'  Elle  repr^sente  I'int^ricur  de  la  maison  de  Martha  et  de  Marie.  Le 
Clirist  7  est  assis  h  c6t^  de  la  Vierge,  sur  an  8i%e  6ley6  et  semble  pr^ 
cher;  autour  d'eux  sent  group^s  plusieurs  per&onnages,  liommes  et  femmes, 
aa  nombre  desquels  on  voit  Lazare,  dont  le  nom  est  inscrit  sur  ane  bande- 
role d6pos^e  a  ses  pieds.  Dans  le  fond  on  voit  Marthe  s'oocupant  des 
Boins  du  manage  ct  suspendant  on  chaudron  sous  la  chemin6e,  tandis 
que  Marie,  nn  livre  ouvert  sur  les  genoux,  ^ute  les  paroles  du  Christ. 
De  minces  colonnes  supportemt  un  toit  crteel4,  flanqud  de  tourelles  ct 
sur  lequel  on  lit  les  mots 

Castellum  Marthe  bethania. 
Enfin,  an  bas  de  la  planche  se  lisent,  en  une  seule  ligne,  les  mots : 
£x  bethania  p[ro]pe  mocbliniam  tradit[tir]  pressa. 

Le  convent  de  Bethanie  dont  il  est  question  dans  cette  legende,  le 
premier  couvent  de  femmes  de  la  seigneurie  de  Malines,  fut  fond!  en  142 1, 
sous  le  titre  de  N.-D.  en  Bethanie  {Onze  Lieve  Vrouw  in  Bethanien), 

Sans  vouloir  aflSnner  que  la  planche  mdme  ait  M  ex^ut^e  au  couyent, 
nous  n*en  derons  pas  moins  la  consid^rer  comme  imprim6e  dans  son 
enceinte  et  distribute  sans  doute,  comme  la  pr6c6dente,  aux  confreres  d^ 
quelque  association  religieuse.' 

I  have  no  materials  at  hand  to  verify  the  other  points  of 
interest  which  are  suggested  by  the  present  position  of  our 
engraving.  It  has  been  inserted,  from  a  very  early  period,  so  as 
to  face  the  first  page  of  the  Psalter  in  the  MS.  (G.  6)  where 
I  found  it ;  and  the  impression  has  suffered  to  some  extent 
from  the  strength  of  the  ink  on  the  opposite  page.  This  MS. 
is  a  complete  Psalterium  arranged  for  church  use ;  followed  by 
the  Cursus  B.  Virginis,  the  Litany,  and  Vigiliae  fnortuornm, 
with  the  miscellaneous  devotions  usually  found  in  the  volumes 
of  Horae,    Among  these  last  are  some  prayers  for  which  in- 


251 

dulgences  are  granted  by  Pope  Pius  II.  (f  1464)  and  Louis  de 
Boucbon,  Bp.  of  Li^e  (f  1482).  A  Li^ge  Breviary  (which  we 
do  not  possess)  would  shew  at  once  whether  the  Invitatories, 
and  the  Psalms  with  their  Anthems,  are  those  of  the  Ordi^ 
Ttarius  ecclesiae  Leodiensis.  Prefixed  is  a  Kalendar,  containing 
besides  a  very  few  festivals  (among  which  are  Sts  George,  Ser- 
vatius,  Lambert,  Remigius,  Dionysius,  Hubert,  Leonard,  Martin, 
Katherine,  Nicholas,  and  Lucy),  206  entries  of  names  evidently 
more  or  less  closely  connected  with  some  sisterhood  in  the 
diocese  of  Li^ge,  and  15  of  them  close  relations  of  the  owner^ 
who  must  have  been  a  lady  of  the  family  of  van  Heestert. 
Willem  and  Odielie  van  Heestert,  her  father  and  mother, 
Ghisebrecht  and  Gheertruyt,  her  grandfather  and  grandmother, 
besides  uncles,  aunts,  brothers,  sisters,  brothers-in-law,  and 
sisters-in-law,  all  find  places  here ;  among  them  her  aunt '  Onse 
werde  mater  Suster  Lysbeth  van  Heestert,  ons  lieue  mpye', 
ought  to  afford  a  clue  by  which  some  Lidge  antiquary  might 
identify  the  house.  The  only  names  familiar  to  me  are  the 
Bishop  *Here  Lodewijck  van  Borboen,  onse  greet  here  van 
Ludick'  (Aug.  29),  and  'Meester  Jan  Laet  van  Borchloen* 
(Oct.  15),  whose  Prognostications  for  1476,  1477,  1478,  and 
1481,  are  known,  though  perhaps  less  so  than  those  of  his 
successor,  Jaspar  Laet  van  Borchloen,  from  1485  onwards.  I 
should  describe  the  MS.  as  of  the  latter  part  of  the  XVth 
century,  and  the  binding  I  should  place  without  much  hesi- 
tation in  the  last  decade  of  the  same  century. 

In  a  later  generation  the  book  belonged  to  one  'Suster 
Anna  Puettaerst,'  who,  from  one  or  two  entries  which  she  has 
made  in  the  Kalendar,  seems  to  have  been  related  to  the 
original  owner.  The  next  trace  of  ownership  is  the  title 
written  on  the  fly-leaf,  'A  Primer  and  Psalter  with  Dutch 
Rubrickes,'  in  the  familiar  handwriting  of  William  Crashawe, 
of  St  John's  College,  whose  books  were  bought  by  Henry 
Wriothesley,  Earl  of  Southampton,  who  died  in  1624.     Tlie 


252 

'  Tho":  C.  S.'  inside  the  cover  shows  that  it  was  given  to  St 
John's  College  by  his  successor,  Thomas,  Earl  of  Southampton. 
From  an  entry  I  lately  noted  in  reading  through  the  Univer- 
sity accounts  for  1614—15,  when  Dr  Samuel  Ward  was  Vice- 
Chancellor,  it  seems  probable  that  the  Crashawe  collection  had 
some  chance  of  being  purchased  for  the  University  Library. 
The  entry  is  as  follows : 

Item  pro  itinere  StatioDariorum  London'  in  examinanda  hi- 

bliotheca  Magistii  Crashawe xx'. 

Had  this  been  the  result,  St  John's  College  would  have  re- 
mained without  what  is  now  the  largest  and  most  precious 
portion  of  its  MSS.  They  have  certainly  been  better  t^ared  for 
than  they  would  have  been  if  they  had  gone  to  the  larger 
collection;  and  the  engraving  I  have  here  described  would 
probably  have  disappeared  in  company  with  Oocleve's  portrait 
of  Chaucer  and  other  precious  things  which  used  to  lie  exposed 
to  the  common  chance  of  pillage  on  the  open  shelves  of  the 
University  Library  in  the  eighteenth  century. 

2.  St  KaiJierine  of  Sweden  crotimed  by  angels.  This  is 
printed  on  an  octavo  page  of  paper  measuring  6  in.  by  4^  in. 
The  plate  itself  measures  4  in.  in  height  by  3  in.  in  breadth. 
In  the  centre  is  St  Eatherine,  half  turned  towards  the  left, 
holding  in  her  right  hand  a  lily  and  in  her  left  a  pastoral  staff. 
On  her  left  is  a  fawn^  on  its  hind  legs,  with  its  fore  feet 

^  This  alludes  t^  a  story  told  in  her  life.  When  her  husband  'more 
hobilium  qnamdam  damam  cam  canibus  venarctur,  oontigit  ipsam  dominam 
Catharinam  fortuito  per  viam  qjusdem  lud  pro  n^otiis  suis  yehiculo  trans* 
velii,  ad  quam  fera  cursa  condto  lassa  prsB  cauibus,  omni  feritate  postposita, 
tanquam  ad  aingulare  prsesidiam  confugiens,  caput  sunm  in  sinu  mulieris 
pudicse,  quae  in  se  bestiales  motus  amputaverat,  mansuetissime  reclinaYit. 
Cumque  a  viro  et  aliis  bestiam  insequentibus  esset  prsedicta  domina  Oatha* 
riua  requisita,  ostendit  earn  sub  pallio  latitantem,  supplicans  humiliter  pro 
cadem,  ut  captivum  suum  (significando  beetiam)  donaret  libertatL  Quo 
facilitcr  aunuente,  silvas  bestia  petiit'  See  the  Vila  S.  Calharin<B 
Suecica?  anctore  Ulpkmie,  Cap.  i.  Sect  3)  in  the  Acta  SS.  Mart  iii.  506  c. 


253 

resting  one  on  the  Saint's  dress,  the  other  against  the  pastoral 
staff.  Above  are  two  angels,  one  on  each  side,  holding  a  crown 
which  they  are  going  to  place  on  St  Katherine's  head.  Near 
her  head,  above  the  lily  which  she  holds  in  her  right  hand,  is 
the  Dove.  The  Saint  is  standing  in  a  garden,  in  which  flowers 
are  growing;  at  her  back  is  an  embattled  wall,  behind  and 
above  which,  through  arches,  are  seen  the  buildings  of  a  town. 
The  garden  is  seen  through  a  rounded  arch  supported  by 
slender  columns.  At  the  foot  runs  a  line  with  the  following 
inscription : 

S'  katherina  de  swetia  filia  S'  birgitte. 

A  border  surrounds  the  picture  on  three  sides.  On  the  right 
and  left  and  partly  at  the  foot,  it  is  filled  with  s^Hirate 
flowers  and  fruit ;  a  treatment  which  marks,  I  believe,  the  very 
close  of  the  XVth,  or  the  beginning  of  the  XVIth  century. 
The  main  part  of  the  border  at  the  foot  is  occupied  by  a 
riband  bearing  the  inscription : 

GM 

Ex  tene  ramnnda 

The  whole  bears  a  strong  resemblance,  so  far  as  treatment 
and  arrangement,  to  the  bordered  woodcuts  of  the  Flemish 
devotional  books  of  the  close  of  the  XVth  century. 

The  words  'Ex  teneramunda,*  'From  Dendermonde,*  cor- 
respond of  course  to  the  'Ex  bethania  prope  mechliniam^  of  the 
other  engraving;  and  the  probability  is  that  the  travelling 
artist  was  employed  by  some  religious  house  at  Dendermonde, 
most  likely  a  house  of  Brigittine  nuns,  to  execute  an  engraving 
of  Saint  Katherine  of  Sweden,  the  daughter  of  the  foundress 
of  their  order,  which  could  be  distributed  in  the  same  way  as 
the  'House  of  Bethany'  at  the  Bethany  near  Mechlin.  The 
impression  I  have  described  is  one  of  a  number  of  devotional 
pictures  fastened  into  a  copy  of  the  Primer  or  Horae,  printed 
on  vellum  at  Westminster  by  W.  de  Worde,  about  1494,  now 


254 

preserved  in  the  library  at  Lambeth  Palace.  It  is  the  same 
yolame  which  is  noticed  by  Fuller  as  being  (as  it  was  in  his 
time  with  the  rest  of  the  Lambeth  library)  in  our  University 
Library.  It  is  also  noticed  by  Dr  Maitland  in  his  account  of 
the  early  printed  books  at  Lambeth;  but  neither  of  these 
writers  mention  the  inserted  cuts.  This  particular  engraving  is 
fastened  to  the  upper  margin  of  leaf  65^  on  which  occurs  the 
prayer  *To  the  propre  angell*,  beginning  '0  sancte  angele...'. 

These  details  are  perhaps  tedious;  but  we  know  so  very 
little  of  the  circumstances  of  the  execution  of  these  early 
devotional  pictures^  that  I  hope  it  may  not  be  considered  as 
labour  thrown  away.  I  have  some  autotype  facsimiles  of  both 
the  engravings  described  above ;  and  any  one  interested  in  the 
subject  is  welcome  to  have  a  copy,  if  he  will  ask  for  it.  I  ow& 
my  best  thanks  both  to  the  authorities  of  St  John's  College, 
and  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  as  well  to  his  librarian, 
Mr  S.  W.  Kershaw,  of  St  John's  College,  through  whose  kind 
offices  with  his  Grace,  I  have  been  able  to  examine  the  Lam- 
beth Primer  at  my  leisure. 


2o3 


I^OTE  A.    On  throe  engravings  on  copper,  fastened  into  the  Cambridgo 
copy  of  the  Utrecht  I3reviary  of  1614. 

Among  the  books  in  Bishop  Moore's  library,  given  to  the  University  by 
King  George  in  1716,  is  a  copy  of  the  Part  hyemalis  of  a  Bremarium 
eccletiae  Trc^ectensis,  printed  in  16mo  at  Paris,  for  Henr.  Eckert  van 
Homberch,  the  Antwerp  bookseller,  in  1614.  From  an  entry  on  the  title- 
page  it  must  have  belonged  when  new  to  the  Hieronymites  or  Fratret 
eommunis  vitae  of  Hulsbei^ ;  a  fact  which  is  confirmed  by  the  existence, 
at  the  end  of  the  yolume,  of  a  MS.  supplement  containing  the  Breviary 
office  for  the  Commemoration  of  St  Jerome,  in  a  handwriting  which  can- 
not be  much  later  than  the  printing  of  the  volume.  The  boards  of  the 
present  binding  are  modem,  but  the  original  sewing  has  not  been  meddled 
with.  It  is  necessary  to  be  thus  far  particular,  because,  failing  all  exact 
knowledge  of  the  time  and  place  at  which  these  engravings  were  executed, 
it  will  afford  some  due  to  their  origin  if  we  register  such  facts  as  we  can 
ascertain  concerning  their  eariy  (even  if  not  their  original)  ownership.  Now 
Uie  M&nt  Glorioii  Hieronymiy  aa  the  Convent  of  Hulsberg  is  here  called, 
was  dose  to  Heerde  in  the  Duchy  of  Gueldres,  and  within  a  few  miles  of 
ZwoUe.  Thb  last  fact  serves  at  once  to  bring  the  cut  within  the  circle  of  a 
very  notable  school  of  engraving,  and  affords  a  hint  which  may  perhaps  be 
fhutlul  of  results  in  the  hands  of  some  one  who  is  able  and  willing  to 
pursue  further  the  enquiry  thus  opened.  This  is  one  instance  out  of  a 
thousand  of  the  necessity  of  the  method  which  I  cannot  too  often  or  too 
strongly  ui*ge  upon  those  who  take  up  the  study  of  these  things.  If  we 
want  to  get  external  evidence  of  the  place  and  time  at  which  dateless 
books  were  printed  or  cuts  engraved,  we  must  make  every  effort  to  ascer- 
tab  and  register  every  traceable  mark  of  original  ownership.  It  is  of 
course  secondary  evidence,  and  to  be  used  with  caution ;  but  its  value 
cannot  well  be  over-estimated.  The  three  little  engravings  on  copper 
which  I  found  in  this  book  may  be  described  as  follows : 

1.  The  Blested  Virgin  with  the  I^fiarU  Je^us,  Signature,  W.  and  a 
graver  (see  Bartsch,  vi.  66,  and  Passavant,  ii  280).  This  is  printed  on  a  page 
in  8vo.  measuring  4|in.  by  ^  in.;  the  plate  itself  measuring  4^  in.  by  2|in. 
The  mother  is  represented  half  length,  under  a  rich  gothic  canopy,  her  arms 
resting  on  the  ledge  in  front  and  supporting  the  child  on  her  right  arm ; 
her  right  breast  exposed,  and  her  head  inclined  towards  her  left  shoulder. 
The  child  holds  an  apple  in  his  left  hand,  resting  against  his  left  knee; 
hu  right  hand  lifted  towards  his  left  shoulder,  his  head  resting  against  his 
mother^s  right  breast.  At  the  top,  on  each  side  of  the  centre  arch  of  the 
canopy  in  front,  is  the  signature,  on  the  left  side  W,  on  the  right  the  graver. 
This  cut  is  inserted  (by  the  original  binder,  and  therefore  necessarily  not 
long  after  the  publication  of  the  book  in  1514)  so  as  to  face  leaf  19'  of  the 


256 

Temporals,  which  contains  the  service  for  Cliristmas  Day.    It  is  perhaps 
identical  ?rith  the  one  cited  by  Passavant  (ii.  280,  No.  34}  from  Ileineken. 

2.  The  Nativity  ofChriit.  Sig^nature  W.  Z.  (unknown  to  Bartsch  and 
Passavant).  This  is  printed  on  a  page  in  16mo,  but  hardly  any  margin 
has  been  left  The  plate  itself  is  a  circular  cat  measuring  2^^  in.  in 
diameter,  with  a  five-sided  projection  at  the  top  (each  side  measuring 
•^^  in.)  mariced  with  a  plain  ring,  as  if  the  whole  cut  were  intended  to  be 
mounted  on  a  disc  of  ivory  or  wood,  and  this  projecting  part  pierced  to 
hold  a  string  by  which  the  medallion  might  be  suspended  round  the  neck. 
The  cut  represents  the  interior  of  the  outhouse  at  Bethlehem.  In  front 
lies  the  infant  Jesus;  at  lus  feet,  on  the  left,  the  Blessed  Viigin  (with 
nimbus)  kneeling,  her  hands  crossed  on  her  breast ;  at  the  child's  head, 
St  Joseph  (without  nimbus),  also  kneeling,  and  holding  a  candle  in  his 
right  hand;  between  them  two  little  angels  kneeling.  Behind,  on  the  rights 
are  seen  the  heads  of  an  ox  and  an  ass  at  the  manger,  above  which  is  a 
small  window.  In  the  centre  of  the  back-ground  is  a  laige  ruined  window, 
through  which  are  seen  the  buildings  of  the  town.  Through  the  great 
arched  entrance  on  the  left  is  seen  the  open  country;  a  shepherd  sitting  on 
a  bank,  his  right  band,  holding  his  crook,  resting  on  the  ground,  while  hia 
left  hand  is  raised  as  he  looks  up  to  the  angel  who  appears  over  head  with  a 
BcrolL  On  two  squares  of  the  pavement  in  the  foreground,  in  front  of  the 
mother  and  child,  is  the  signature  W.  Z.  This  cut  has  been  pasted  on  to 
the  reverse  of  the  cut  List  described,  so  as  to  face  leaf  IS**  of  the  Temporale^ 
which  contains  the  service  for  Christmas  Eva  Both  this  and  the  i»eoe- 
ding  cut  have  been  somewhat  disfigured  by  the  paste  used  to  &sten  them 
together  back  to  back. 

3.  Saint  Barbara,  No  signature  (I  do  not  see  it  noticed  in  Bartsdi 
or  PassaTont).  This  is  printed  on  a  page  in  32mo,  measuring  3  in.  by  2  in.; 
the  pkte  itself  measuring  2^^  in.  by  Ix^xiL  The  Saint  (with  plain  nimbus) 
IS  standing,  half  turned  towards  the  left,  and  holds  up  an  open  book  with 
both  hands ;  her  right  hand,  under  the  book,  holds  a  palm  branch.  Behind 
her,  nearly  half  ooncealed,  is  a  round  tower.  In  the  lower  part  ono 
transomed  two-lighted  window  is  visible,  and  another  partly  so.  In.  the 
upper  part,  above  the  first  battlements,  two  windows  are  seen.  Above  the 
second  batU^nents  is  a  dwarf  spira  Tliis  cut  has  been  pasted  in  sideways 
on  a  vacant  space  at  the  foot  of  the  last  page  of  that  portion  of  the  Breviary 
which  contains  the  Psalter  and  Commune  Sanctorum,  so  as  to  face  the 
beginning  of  the  Proprium  Sanctorum,  there  being  no  room  for  its  in- 
sertion four  leaves  further  on,  where  the  service  for  St  Barbara's  day 
occurs. 

I  have  autotype  facsimiles  of  all  those  three  cuts,  which  are  freely  at 
the  service  of  any  ono  who  wishes  for  specimens. 


257 


Note  B.    On  tho  engraving^s  fastened  into  the  Lambetb  copy  of  the  Salis- 
bury Primer  or  Uorae  printed  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  (about  1494). 

Among  the  bookg  in  Archbishop  Bancroft's  collection,  which  foiins  the 
nucleus  of  the  Lambeth  Library,  is  a  copy  of  the  Salisbury  Primer  or  Horae 
printed  in  quarto  with  tho  type  used  at  Westminster  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde 
in  1494.  The  back  is  gone,  but  in  other  respects  the  original  binding,  with 
its  clasps,  is  intact,  executed  probably  in  W.  de  Worde's  shop.  The  sides 
have  each  four  little  panels  surrounded  by  the  text  '  Sit .  nomen .  domini . 
beuedictum .  ex .  hoc .  nunc .  et .  vsque .  in .  seculum.'  There  is  no  trace  of  any 
earlier  ownership  than  that  of  our  University  Library,  to  which  it  belonged 
during  the  Commonwealth  period  (1647-— 1662).  The  word  pape  is  erased 
in  the  kalendar,  but  St  Thomas  of  Canterbury  remains ;  a  fact  which  shows 
that  the  book  was  withdrawn  from  sight  between  1534  and  153a  The 
devotional  pictures  fastened  into  it  must  have  been  inserted  much  earlier 
in  the  XVlth  century.  The  book,  as  I  have  said,  bears  marks  of  having 
contained  eighteen  of  these  inserted  pictures,  fastened  to  the  upper  margins 
of  the  followmg  leaves:  14%  18*,  40»,  42%  46»,  48%  51%  54*,  56%  63%  65%  68% 
69%  138%  149%  150»,  157%  and  158%  When  I  first  saw  the  book  at  Lambeth, 
only  Uiree  were  still  in  existence,  Nos.  10  (63^),  11  (65*),  and  14  (138*). 

10.  Saint  Bernard.  Woodcut  No  signature.  This  is  printed  on  a 
page  in  16mo,  measuring  4iin.  by  3^ in.;  the  cut  itself  measuring  2^ in. 
by  2  in.  It  represents  an  interior ;  on  the  right,  iu  the  foreground,  St  Ber- 
nard kneeling,  turned  towards  the  left,  his  hands  cksped,  his  abbatial  staff 
on  the  floor  by  his  right  side.  Beyond,  in  the  centre,  the  Blessed  Virgin 
appears  out  of  a  sort  of  frame  under  a  canopy,  holding  the  child  Jesus  on 
her  right  arm ;  her  left  hand  upon  her  left  breast,  from  which  the  milk 
issues  iu  a  stream  towards  the  saint  The  usual  legend  ('  Monstra  te  esse 
matrem')  is  not  here.  Outside,  on  the  right,  are  seen  various  buildings. 
The  prmt  fs  inserted  on  leaf  63%  over  the  Or€Uio  iancti  Bemardini  con^ 
festorU  ordinU  minor um,  beginning  ^  0  bone  Jhesu,  0  dulcis  Jhesu....' 

11.  Saint  Katharine  qf  Sweden.  On  copper.  Signature  *G  M  Ex 
teneramunda.'  This  is  the  second  of  the  two  engravings  which  I  have 
described  in  the  text  of  the  present  communication. 

14.  The  Image  qf  Pity.  Woodcut  No  signature.  This  is  printed 
on  a  page  in  8vo.,  measuring  4|in.  by  3f  in.,  the  cut  itself  measuring  2|}in. 
by  l|in.,  within  a  separable  border,  the  outside  of  which  measures  4i^in* 
by  3  in.  The  border  contains  teparate  (not  interlaced)  flowers,  fruit,  and 
insects,  with  a  bird  in  the  centre  at  the  foot.  The  centre-piece  represents 
a  tomb,  on  the  face  of  which  are  three  heads,  the  centre  one  a  full  face,  the 
others  side-faces.  Out  of  the  tomb  appears  our  Lord,  standing,  his  hands 
crossed  and  tied ;  on  his  head  the  crown  of  thorns  and  the  cruciform 
nimbus.     All  round  arc  tlie  symbols  of  the  Passion,  loose,  as  in  the  Dutch 


25a 

prints,  not  in  compartments,  as  iu  Carton's  treatment  of  the  subject  Im- 
mediately behind  our  Lord  are  the  spear  and  the  reed  with  the  sponge» 
crosswise;  behind  these,  the  cross  itselt  On  the  left,  beginning  from 
below,  the  pincers  and  hammer,  a  mitred  head,  the  bunch  of  h  jssop  hanging 
from  the  left  limb  of  the  cross.  On  the  right,  beginning  from  below,  a 
sword,  a  hand  grasping  hair,  the  head  of  Judas,  hanged,  with  the  bag  round 
his  neck,  and,  hanging  from  the  right  limb  of  the  cross,  a  scourge ;  on  the 
extreme  right,  a  pillar,  surmounted  by  a  cock.  Banged  along  the  top 
of  the  cross,  banning  from  the  left,  are  the  three  pots  of  spices,  one  of  the 
nails,  the  label  (over  the  centre)  INRI,  the  two  other  nails,  three  dice ; 
above  all,  on  left  and  right  respectively,  the  sun  and  moon.  This  is  in- 
serted on  leaf  138*  over  the  Oratio  sancti  Gregorii^  beginning  'Dominator 
domine  deus  omnipotens  qui  es  trinitas...,'  which  itself  has  prefixed  to  it 
in  the  text  a  little  woodcut  (measuring  If  in.  by  If  in.)  of  the  Mass  of  St 
Gregory. 


XXI I.  On  a  Bronze  Ram  now  in  the  Museum  at 
Palermo.  Communicated  by  S.  S.  Lewis,  Esq., 
B.A.,  Corpus    Christi   College. 


[March  6,  1871.] 

The  bronze  ram  figured  is  one  of  the  noblest  ornaments  of  the 
Museum  at  Palermo,  and  has  hitherto  ^  remained  undescribed 
and  unpublished  in  this  country. 

To  the  kindness  of  Professor  Antonino  Salinas  of  Palermo, 
who  accompanied  me  to  the  museum,  I  am  indebted  for  the 
following  measurements : — Height,  30  4-5  in.;  length  (from  the 
1-oot  of  the  tail  to  the  end  of  the  left  fore-foot)  50  4-5  in.;  %,e. 
about  life-size.  The  tail,  the  left  hind  leg  (below  the  hock), 
and  the  left  ear  are  recent  restorations. 

The  local  tradition,  that  the  figure  before  us  is  one  of  four 
rams  of  Byzantine  workmanship,  cast  by  order  of  George  Mani- 
aces  and  by  him  brought  to  Sicily  in  1040  A.D.,  by  no  means 
deserves  implicit  credence.  All  that  can  be  said  with  certainty 
as  to  its  history  is,  that  two  rams,  of  which  the  present  is  one, 
long  adorned  the  entrance  to  the  Torre  di  Maniace  at  Syracuse, 
until,  in  the  year  1448,  the  Marchese  di  Geraci,  Giovanni  da 
Vintimiglia,  received  them  from  king  Alphonso  as  the  reward  of 
an  infamous  service",  and  transported  them  to  his  palace  at 
Castelbuono.     On  his  grandson^s  banishment,  they  were  confis<* 

^  A  lithograph,  and  a  brief  essay  from  the  pen  of  Professor  Heydenau, 
appeared  in  the  Archdologische  Zeitung,  N.  &,  YoL  iii.  of  last  year  (1870). 

*  The  murder  of  twenty  Syracnsan  nobles  of  the  opposition  party,  whom 
he  had  treacherously  decoyed  to  a  banquet 


260 

cated  with  the  rest  of  his  property,  and  removed  to  the  royal 
palace  at  Palermo,  where,  at  the  revolution  of  184f8,  one  fell  a 
victim  to  the  violence  or  rapacity  of  the  mob,  the  other  was,  in 
the  year  1860,  bestowed  by  the  present  king  on  the  musuem  now 
located  in  the  ci-devant  convent  of  the  order  of  S.  Philip  NerL 

Sti-angely  diflferent  as  are  the  proportions  of  the  figure 
before  us  from  those  which  the  scientific  breeding  of  the  last 
few  years  has  given  to  our  English  ram,  yet  from  its  general 
symmetry  and  the  vigour  expressed  in  the  suddenly  turned 
head  and  half-open  mouth,  the  best  period  of  Greek  art  is  that 
in  which  we  would  seek  for  the  date  of  this  noble  bronze.  The 
artist,  whether  Calamis*  or  whosoever  he  may  have  been,  has 
certainly  not  deserved  the  blame  which  Pliny*  gives  to  Myron^ 

'*amm%  sensus  non  expressisse,  mpUlwrn  quoque non  emen- 

datius  fecisse  qiiam  rudis  antiquitas  instituisset:"  not  only  are 
the  curls  of  the  wool  gracefully  rendered,  but  the  inflated  nostril 
and  partly  raised  leg  skilfully  betoken  an  upstarting  in  surprise 
and  anger.  The  motive  of  the  attitude  must  remain  uncertain ; 
the  fact  of  there  having  been  two  rams  may  point  to  that  ''good 
old  cause"  of  duels  amongst  stags  also. 

"  Worthy  to  bear  Phrixus*  and  Helle  "  is  Qothe's  expression 
of  admiration  on  seeing  the  pair  of  which  this  is  the  survivor' ; 
the  hero  and  his  sister,  however,  certainly  rode  pillionwise, 
if  ancient  art  is  to  be  trusted. 

In  Qreek  and  Roman  art,  the  ram,  whether  in  the  whole* 
figure  or  symbolized  by  a  horn,  finds  frequent  expression  both 
in  reference  to  the  myth  which  has  been  already  quoted  and 
more  often  as  a  type  of  Jupiter  Ammon.    In  the  former  sense 

*  Whose  statue  of  Hermes  bearmg  a  ram  on  his  shoulders  is  probably 
reproduced  on  the  bronze  coin  of  Tanagra,  an  engraving  of  which  is  given 
on  the  opposite  page. 

«  HUt  Nat.  XXIV.  19. 

■  ItalidnUche  Rei»e,  VoL  L 

^  The  denarii  of  the  gen$  Rmtia  present  an  example  of  both  kinds  of 
illustration ;  here,  perhaps,  the  ram  is  a  type  of  ru9ticity. 


261 

Pompeii  and  Herculaneum  each  yield  a  frescoed  group^  in  illus- 
tration :  the  latter  is  suggested  by  the  name  of  Ammiomte,  and 
is  well  known  by  frequent  occurrence  on  the  coins  of  Cyrene, 
Delphi,  Tanagra,  Tenos,  Lysimachus,  &c.,  where  a  ram  is  fre- 
quently associated  with  Hermes  as  being  the  tutelary  divinity 
of  flocks  and  herds — orv  *Epfifj<$  fioKLara  Sofcet  Oe&v  i^pdv  koI 
aJS^eiv  iroifiva^,  as  Pausanias  informs  us*.  His  worship  at  Ta- 
nagra he  refers  to  the  belief  that  a  plague  in  that  city  was  sud- 
denly stayed  on  a  ram  being  solemnly  carried  round  the  walls. 


Coin  of  Tanagra  in  the  Britifih  Museum  (from  an  electrotype.) 
Ohv.  Head  of  Apollo— adjuncts  bow  and  mouse  (?)— enclosed  in  a  wreath 

of  oliye, 
Bev.  Hermes  Eriophoros— legend  TANATPAIoiS'. 

Eelative  to  the  connection  of  Hermes  with  Osiris  and  Egyptian 
ritual  a  sesterce*  of  M.  Aurelius  may  be  cited,  which  bears  on  its 
reverse  a  temple  of  Mercury,  on  the  tympanum  of  which  a  ram 
is  grouped  with  a  cock,  tortoise,  caduceus,  petasus,  and  purse*. 
The  glyptic  art  also  offers  many  illustrations  of  our  subject, 
amongst  which  may  be  mentioned  a  sard  (engraved  in  Impronte 
Gemmarie\  and  in  King's  Horace')— where  a  ram's  head  on  a 
warrior^s  helmet,  accompanied  by  a  crook  in  the  field,  probably 
indicates  a  rebus  on  the  name  Fhilopoemen.    Embossed  on  each 

1  3fus,  Borbon.  n.  19,  and  vl  19 ;  of.  Oyid  Fast.  ni.  865 ;  Mart  Epi^tr. 
vra.  51, 9—14. 

«  n.  3,  4 :  compare  iv.  23  with  V.  27  and  ix.  22. 

»  Quoted  by  Dr  Newman  (Preface  to  Fleury^s  Ecclesiastical  History, 
p.  cxix)  in  rapport  of  the  miracle  of  the  Thundering  Legion  (174  a.d.)  :  the 
coin,  however,  is  dated  eight  years  earlier. 

*  Figured  by  Donaldson,  Architect  Numism.  PL  xxr. 

"  III.  86. 

"  Carm.  n.  12. 


S62 

side  of  the  helmet  of  Athena,  the  ram's  head  is  doubtless  a 
symbol  of  persevering  pugnacity.  On  a  translucent  heliotrope, 
now  in  the  possession  of  the  Public  Orator,  ^Epfif}^  xpiotpopo^  is 
figured  seated  with  a  cock,  the  emblem  of  vigilance,  at  his  feet, 
and  in  his  right  hand  a  ram  s  head. 

So,  too,  it  appears  on  a  vase  from  Volci,  figured  by  Miiller 
in  the  Denhndler  der  alien  Kunst*,  a  type  which  seems  to 
have  been  often  adopted  in  later  times  by  Christian  artists*  as 
a  symbol  of  the  Good  Shepherd.  In  the  various  illustrations 
of  the  worship  of  Cybele  also  the  ram  appears — sometimes 
serving  as  a  steed  for  her  devotee  Atys,  as  on  an  ivory  relief 
figured  by  Miiller'.  On  the  coins  of  Antioch,  the  ram  looking 
back  on  the  sun  and  moon  doubtless  represented  Aries,  the 
zodiacal  sign,  under  which  the  city  was  built.  The  song  quoted 
by  Aristophanes*  top  Kpiov  cos  hre)(jSri  is  probably  a  punning 
allusion  to  the  name  of  the  wrestler  Krios,  such  as  is  seen 
in  the  favourite  type  of  the  gens  Rustia,  which  has  been  alluded 
to  already. 

*  Vol.  I.  pi  45,  and  ii.  pi.  29:  oompare  Hirt'e  Bilderhuch,  pL  viii.  5. 
'  Bottari,  Roma  SoUerranea,  m.  tav.  146, 163  et  alibi. 

"  Denkm.  il  812. 

*  Nub.  1366. 


Note.  This  communication  was  first  publislied  in  the  Cambridge 
Journal  qf  Philology^  Vol.  4  (Svo.  Cambridge,  1872),  page  67.  It  is  here 
reprinted  without  Uie  lithograph,  which  accompanied  the  paper  in  that 
Journal 


XXIII.  On  the  oldest  written  remains  of  the 
Welsh  language.  Communicated  by  Henry 
Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  University  Librarian. 


[Nov.  20,  1871.] 


In  bringing  tliis  subject  before  the  Society  there  need  be  no 
fear  of  my  obtruding  any  crude  philological  speculations  upon 
your  attention ;  but  it  seems  to  me  due  to  the  members  of  the 
Antiquarian  Society  that  I  should  bring  first  before  them  the 
fEkcts  of  what  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  discoveries 
which  it  has  been  my  lot  to  make  in  hunting  through  the 
various  libraries  in  the  University  during  the  past  fifteen 
years. 

Bather  more  than  a  year  ago  I  heard  that  Mr  Whitley 
Stokes  was  likely  to  be  soon  returning  from  India  for  a  short 
stay.  Seeing  that  he  is  far  the  most  distinguished  Celtic 
scholar  that  we  have,  I  thought  it  might  be  practicable  to  find 
some  traces  of  one  or  other  of  the  branches  of  the  Celtic  stock 
of  languages,  some  scraps  possibly  of  old  Irish,  which  had  as 
yet  escaped  the  researches  of  antiquaries  and  philologists,  and 
which  I  could  offer  as  a  welcome  to  one  who  has  done  so 
much  to  elucidate,  the  scanty  fragments  of  these  early  lite- 
ratures which  have  come  down  to  us.  For  this  purpose  I 
proposed  to  myself  to  make  a  deliberate  raid  upon  the  library 
of  Archbishop  Parker  at  Corpus  Christi  College.  Having 
gone  through  Nasmith's  Catalogue  and  taken  notes  of  all  the 
manuscripts  described  as  being  of  an  early  date,  'venerandae. 

19 


264 

antiquitatis/  'litteris  antiquioribus  Saxonicis/  &c.,&c^  my  wishes 
were  met  by  Mr  Lewis^  the  Librarian,  with  his  usual  courtesy. 
On  going  to  the  Library,  and  taking  down,  one  after  another, 
the  books  of  which  I  had  taken  a  note,  it  was  not  long  before 
I  came  upon  a  copy  of  Martianus  CapeUa,  one  of  the  most 
favourite  writers  of  the  early  middle  ages.  Here,  among  the 
crowd  of  Latin  glosses,  it  was  easy  to  distinguish  a  few  words, 
not  of  Irish,  which  I  at  first  thought  I  might  find,  but  of 
unmistakeable  Old  Welsh,  written  in  a  handwriting  apparently 
as  early  as  any  remains  of  the  Welsh  language  known  to  be  in 
existence,  and  exhibiting  forms  familiar  enough  to  students  of 
Zeuss's  Orammatica  Celtica^  but  presenting  an  appearance  to 
the  eye  very  different  from  that  of  modem  Welsh. 

A  subsequent  careful  examination  of  the  book  has  enabled 
me  to  extract  about  140  glosses,  or  vernacular  explanations  of 
hard  or  singular  words ;  and  it  is  possible  that  a  second  reading 
of  the  manuscript,  upon  which  I  am  now  engaged,  may  yield  a 
few  more. 

To  some  persons  the  interest  of  a  discovery  of  this  kind  may 
be  difficult  to  appreciate ;  but  a  very  few  words  will  I  think  be 
sufficient  to  point  out  the  nature  of  the  value  which  such 
glosses  possess,  even  for  the  historical  antiquary ;  and  it  is  on 
this  ground  only  that  I  have  been  bold  enough  to  bring  the 
subject  before  our  Society. 

The  mass  of  Welsh  literature  which  we  possess  goes  back 
only  to  the  twelfth  century.  The  oldest  of  the  *Four  Ancient 
Books  of  Wales,'  so  ably  edited  by  Mr  William  Skene,  is  the 
Black  Book  of  Caermarthen ;  and  this  cannot  be  placed  earlier 
than  the  latter  half  of  the  twelfth  century.  Now  there  is  a 
considerable  mass  of  poetry  attributed  to  British  bards  of  the 
sixth  century;  but  the  advocates  of  the  antiquity  of  these  poems 
have  had  many  difficulties  to  contend  with,  besides  that  of 
bridging  over  the  gap  of  six  centuries,  in  which  no  manuscripts 
of  these  poems  are  forthcoming.    One  well  known  writer  has 


266 

even  been  rash  enough  to  assert  that  the  vety  rhythm  in  which 
some  of  the  poems  are  written  can  only  have  been  borrowed 
from  the  Norman  writers  of  the  thirteenth  century;  an  assertion 
which  at  once  met  with  well  merited  castigation  at  the  hands 
of  Dr  Guest.  Under  these  circumstances  it  is  desirable  to  col- 
lect every  sample  of  the  language  in  its  earlier  state  which  can 
anywhere  be  found,  and  which  we  can  be  sure  was  written  as 
we  now  have  it  before  tbe  twelfth  century.  Every  word  is  of 
value  as  helping  to  show  the  changes  through  which  the  lan- 
guage passed  during  that  period;  and  though  it  would  be  a 
fruitless  as  well  as  a  wholly  unscholarlike  occupation,  to  at- 
tempt to  rewrite  the  poems  in  a  supposed  dialect  and  ortho- 
graphy of  the  sixth  century,  yet  a  careful  study  of  what  remains 
may  enable  us  to  advance  a  few  steps  towards  seeing  in  what 
way  poems  of  a  very  early  date  may  agree  with,  and  must  differ 
from,  the  texts  as  we  now  have  them. 

Of  all  that  remains  to  us  of  Old  Welsh,  except  the  proper 
names  and  a  few  words  scattered  through  early  manuscripts  of 
Latin  Chronicles,  &c.,  the  sources  may  be  counted  on  the  fingers 
of  one  hand;  so  far  as  has  been  hitherto  known.  They  are 
these : 

(1)  The  Gfospel  of  St  Chad  at  Lichfield,  containing  some 
documents  in  mixed  Latin  and  Welsh,  written  on  the  margins 
of  the  volume,  said  to  be  late  vmth  or  early  ixth  century.  This 
MS.  was  described,  and  the  entries  printed,  by  Wanley  in  his 
Oatalogus  (Fol.  Oxon.  1705). 

(2)  A  MS.  at  Oxford  (Auct.  F.  4.  32)  containing  a  fragment 
of  Eutychius  de  conjiyationibus  Loitinis,  a  fragment  of  Ovid's 
Art  of  Love,  some  Excerpta  cfo  mensuria  cdlctdi,  the  Eunic 
alphabet  of  Nemnivus,  and  other  pieces,  with  a  number  of 
Welsh  glosses  on  a  few  of  the  pages,  said  to  be  late  vmth 
or  early  ixth  century.  The  MS.  was  described  by  Wanley, 
and  the  glosses,  &c.  printed,  with  a  commentary,  by  Zeuss  in 
his  OrammaUca  OeUica. 

19—2 


(3)  One  leaf  at  Luxemburg,  containing  a  number  of  Welsh 
glosses  on  Latin  words,  said  to  be  of  the  same  date  as  the  pre- 
ceding. Discovered  by  Mone  in  1851^  and  printed,  with  a  com- 
mentary, by  Zeuss. 

(4)  Another  MS.  at  Oxford  (BodL  572)  containing  some 
Welsh  glosses  on  a  Latin  text,  said  to  be  of  the  xth  or  xith 
century.  The  MS.  was  described  by  Wanley,  and  the  glosses 
printed,  with  a  commentary,  by  Zeuss.  The  whole  text>  with 
the  glosses,  has  been  printed  by  Mr  Stokes  in  the  Transactions 
of  the  Philological  Society  for  1861  (8vo.  London,  1862). 

(5)  A  MS.  of  Juvencus  (F£  4. 42)  in  the  University  Library 
here,  said  to  be  of  the  eighth  or  ninth  century,  containing 
a  number  of  Welsh  glosses,  besides  two  Welsh  and  four  Latin 
poems  in  a  handwriting  which  cannot  well  be  later  than  the 
latter  half  of  the  ninth  century.  The  MS.  was  used  by  Lhuyd 
in  his  ArcJuBohgia  (Fol.  Oxon.  1707);  and  all  the  Welsh  in 
it  has  been  printed,  with  a  commentary,  by  Mr  Stokes,  in 
the  Transactions  of  the  Philological  Society  for  1861  (8vo. 
London,  1862),  art.  xxii.  This  MS.  is  of  course  far  the 
most  valuable  relic  yet  discovered,  for  the  literature  as  dis- 
tinguished from  the  language,  because  the  Welsh  poems  are  in 
precisely  the  rhythm  of  those  triplets  which,  according  to  the 
reckless  assertion  of  Mr  Thomas  Wright,  cannot  possibly  have 
been  written  earlier  than  the  thirteenth  century.  Some  years 
ago  I  was  enabled,  from  the  Latin  poems  which  are  found  at 
the  end  of  the  volume,  to  fix  the  date  of  the  writing  with  toler- 
able certainty  to  the  middle  or  latter  half  of  the  ninth  cen- 
tury. More  recently  I  have  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  this 
confirmed  by  Mr  Thomas  Wright  himself,  on  the  occasion  of 
his  last  visit  to  the  University  Library;  and  it  is  the  more 
satisfactory,  because  he  did  so  on  ground  where  he  is  unques- 
tionably a  good  judge ;  and,  moreover,  he  was  perfectly  uncon- 
scious of  the  bearing  which  his  remarks  had  upon  the  question* 
On  the  last  page  of  the  book  there  is  a  strange  Latin  rhythm,  a 


267 

kind  of  Sequence,  written  as  prose  on  the  spaces  left  vacant  by 
the  Latin  poems  written  by  the  scribe  of  the  Welsh  triplets. 
This  Sequence  is  in  the  Hibemo-Saxon  character,  easily  dated 
by  any  one  at  all  conversant  with  Anglo-Saxon  documents. 
Mr  Wright,  without  a  moment's  hesitation,  described  it  as  good 
Anglo-Saxon  writing  of  the  t^nth  century.  I  asked  no  more 
questions.  I  knew  he  was  familiar  with  such  writing,  and  it 
was  sufficient  evidence  that  the  writing  which  necessarily  pre- 
ceded this  on  the  same  page,  could  not  very  well  have  been 
written  in  the  thirteenth  century. 

I  need  hardly  say  here  that  the  grammatical  forms  in  the 
poems  in  the  Juvencus  MS.  are  such  as  could  not  have  been 
written  in  the  thirteenth  century.  Such  as  they  are,  the  poems 
are  extremely  difficult  to  understand,  and  they  are  a  crax  to  our 
very  best  Celtic  scholars.  The  glosses,  on  the  other  hand,  for  the 
most  part,  help  to  explain  themselves,  because,  from  their  very 
nature,  they  usually  accompany  their  exact  Latin  equivalents. 
And  hence  it  is  evident  that  every  additional  word  discovered 
in  the  shape  of  a  gloss  is  so  much  clear  gain,  because  it  affords 
a  sound  basis  for  a  knowledge  of  the  grammar  and  orthography 
of  the  language  as  it  was  in  that  early  period.  The  Irish  mis- 
sionaries were  so  abundant  on  the  Continent  in  early  times, 
that  the  traces  of  their  language  are  to  be  found  scattered  all 
over  Europe.  But  with  the  Welsh  it  was  far  otherwise;  and 
having  been  driven  into  a  comer  instead  of  being  scattered 
abroad,  the  remains  of  their  early  language  and  literature  are 
now  as  rare  as  they  are  precious.  It  is,  therefore,  a  source  of 
particular  satisfaction  to  me  that  the  discovery  of  these  fresh 
remains,  the  glosses  on  the  Martianus  Capella,.  which  are  ap- 
parently as  early  as  any  yet  known,  should  have  been  made 
within  the  precincts  of  our  own  University,  which  has  already 
yielded  so  many  treasures  of  this  kind  in  quite  recent  times. 


XXIV.    On  the  West  Towers  of  York  Minster, 
CommuDicated  by  F.  A.  Palet,  Esq.^  M.A. 


[Dec.  4,  1871.] 


I  AM  not  aware  that  any  writer  on  the  history  of  York 
Minster,  not  even  Professor  Willis,  has  noticed  the  important 
and  interesting  fact,  that  the  original  nave  was  not  designed 
or  constructed  to  carry  any  western  towers.  The  date  of  the 
nave,  it  is  well  known,  is  early  Decorated,  or  geometric,  that 
of  the  upper  half  of  the  present  west  towers  is  early  Perpen- 
dicular ;  and  the  stone  of  the  upper  half,  being  from  Stapleton, 
near  Pontefract,  is  different  &om  the  magnesian  limestone 
of  the  nave  generally,  which  is  from  Bramham  Moor. 

The  two  lower  stages  of  the  west  towers  are  in  aU  respects 
identical  with  the  plan  of  the  nave,  that  is  to  say,  the  aisle 
and  clerestory  nave,  windows  north  and  south,  and  even  the 
parapets  over  both  aisle  and  clerestory,  and  are  carried  on 
in  the  towers,  north  and  south;  the  upper  or  clerestory 
parapet  extending  also  along  the  whole  west  front,  forming 
a  gallery  or  passage  from  tower  to  tower  above  the  great  west 
window,  and  round  the  towers  by  doorways  through  the  great 
tower  buttresses. 

The  clerestory  windows  forming  the  second  stage  of  the 
towers  north  and  south  differ  only  from  the  nave  clerestory 
windows,  in  having  flowing  instead  of  geometric  tracery,  I 
think  these  were  constructed,  still  without  the  intention  of 
completing  two  towers  above  them,  when  the  more  highly 


270 

ornamented  front  was  added  at  a  somewhat  advanced  period 
of  the  Decorated  style. 

The  square,  or  rather  the  rectangle,  of  the  west  towers 
is  about  sixteen  yards  by  eighteen  below;  though  the  upper 
half  forms  a  true  square.  The  tower-buttresses  on  the  north 
and  south  sides  are  merely  the  old  aisle-buttresses  which 
have  been  thickened  and  projected  by  an  extra-casing  of 
masonry.  The  proof  of  this  lies  in  the  feict,  that  the  space 
between  the  buttresses  and  the  windows,  as  compared  with 
the  others  on  the  sides  of  the  aisle,  is  diminished  by  the 
amount  of  the  extra-thickening.  In  other  words,  the  buttresses 
in  this  part  come  closer  up  to  the  window  jambs.  For  the 
original  nave  windows,  including  the  lower  side  window  of 
the  towers,  were  originally  placed  at  perfectly  equal  intervals. 

The  two  great  buttresses  at  the  western  extremity  are 
richly  pannelled,  and  have  been  remodelled  and  probably  rather 
heightened  when  the  elaborate  west  front  was  constructed. 
They  were  never  meant  for  towef -buttresses,  and  are  still 
somewhat  incongruous  from  their  great  projection  in  the  two 
lower  stages.  In  general  character  they  resemble  the  great 
west  buttresses  at  Salisbury  and  Wells.  A  glance  at  them 
will  show  that  they  were  not  built  as  tower-buttresses  from  the 
foundation. 

The  two  lower  stages  of  the  west  towers  then,  including 
windows  and  parapets,  are  simply  and  entirely  parts  of  the 
original  nave.  It  is  from  the  upper  parapet  that  the  towers 
proper,  which  were  an  after-thought,  commence.  The  middle 
stage  of  the  towers  is  a  transeptal  projection  of  the  clerestory 
on  the  north  and  south  sides.  But  I  suspect  this  transeptal  bay, 
from  the  difference  I  have  mentioned  in  the  window  traceiy, 
was  itself  an  after-thought  on  the  original  geometric  nave; 
and  this  is  the  reason  why,  as  it  forms  a  strong  abutment 
to  the  nave  clerestory,  the  flying-buttresses,  of  which  the 
lower  and  upper  extremities  may  be  seen,  were  never  com- 


271 

pleted,  especiallj  as  the  nave-vault  was  carried  out  in  wood, 
and  not,  as  intended,  in  stone.  The  heavily  pedimented  heads 
of  the  western  nave-buttresses  mark  where  they  ended  before 
the  towers  were  completed.  To  do  this,  they  were,  of  course, 
carried  up  higher  than  had  been  intended,  and  above  the 
great  pedimented  and  originally  terminal  weatherings. 

But  the  conclusive  proofs  that  no  towers  were  intended 
are  derived  from  the  inside.  Here  there  is  a  perfect  uniformity 
of  plan;  the  nave  pillars  and  arches  are  the  same,  the 
clerestory  the  same,  and  even  the  internal  arcade  is  carried 
round  aisles  and  west  front  without  any  change.  The  sole 
difference  is  this :  the  pier  that  stands  first  from  the  west  end 
on  the  north  and  south  sides  has  been,  like  the  external 
buttresses,  thickened  to  carry  the  weight  of  the  towers.  The 
masonry  of  these  was  almost  rebuilt,  at  least,  entirely  recased, 
after  the  great  fire  that  burned  the  nave  roof  some  twenty 
years  ago,  so  that  evidences  of  masonry  jambs,  size  and  kind 
of  stone,  changes  of  foliage  or  mouldings,  &c.,  are  wanting. 
But  this  curious  fact  is  in  itself  conclusive;  the  thickened 
pillar  is  twenty-seven  and  a  half  feet  round,  while  the  other 
pillars  are  twenty-one  feet  round.  The  space  on  each  side 
between  the  thickened  pillar  and  the  next  pier  is  eighteen  and 
a  half  feet,  while  the  wider  space  between  the  original  piers 
in  the  rest  of  the  nave  is  imiformly  nineteen  and  a  half  feet. 
Therefore,  the  thickened  pier  was  originally  uniform  with  the 
rest.  Of  course,  the  arch  above  it  was  rebuilt  of  a  slightly 
narrower  span  accordingly. 

Tet  farther,  the  vaulting  shafts  in  the  north  and  south  aisles, 
that  bear  the  larger  arch  supporting  towers  across  and  above  the 
aisles  to  the  east,  have  been  widened  so  as  to  cut  off  half  an 
arcade,  whereas  the  other  and  less  thick  vaulting  shafts  are 
placed,  as  usual,  between  the  arcade  compartments.  Thus  the 
extreme  western  bay  in  each  aisle  has  only  five  and  a  half 
instead  of  six  lower  arcade  arches.    The  same  feature  occurs 


272 

in  the  western  wall,  where  the  arcades  have  been  intemipted 
by  thickening  the  bearing  shafts  for  the  tower  vaulting. 

As  I  regard  this  matter,  not  as  a  speculation,  but  as  capable 
of  demonstration,  I  shall  not  go  further  into  the  question, 
itself  an  interesting  one,  of  the  original  or  intended  plan  for 
completing  the  west  front. 


XXV.  A  Letter  to  the  University  from  Thomas 
Beaufort,  Duke  of  Exbter.  Gommunicated  by 
the  Bev.  H.  R  Luarp,  M.A.,  University  Eegis- 
trary. 


[Marcb  18,  1872.] 


The  fcdlowing  letter,  dated  January  10,  which  is  preserved  in 
the  University  Registry  (Vol  I.  86),  number  95  of  the  Cata- 
logue of  Documents^  was  written  by  the  Duke  of  Exeter  to 
the  Regents  and  non-Regents  of  the  University  to  recommend 
his  clerk  Ouy  Wiseham  for  a  degree,  as  he  was  sending  him 
to  the  general  council  to  be  holden  by  the  Pope  in  the  ensuing 
month  of  May. 

The  writing  is  of  the  earlier  portion  of  the  fifteenth  century, 
and  I  think  the  letter  must  refer  to  the  twenty-first  session 
of  the  Council  of  Constance,  which  was  held  in  May  1416. 
The  Duke  of  Exeter  then  was  Thomas  Beaufort. 

The  Due  of  Excetre  &c 

Worschipful  and  Discrete  personnes  and  oure  Right  Dere 
and  Welbeloued  firendes  We  grete  you  ofbetimes  wel  And 
Worschipful  &  Discrete  personnes  and  oure  Right  Dere  and 
Welbeloued  We  suppose  it  ys  wel  knowen  to  yow,  the  general 
conseil  to  be  holden  by  oure  holy  fadre  the  pope  now  this  next 
moneth  of  may  To  the  which  Conseil  at  his  Mandement  schul 
go  certain  prelates  of  this  Rewme  in  whos  Companie  we  desire 
to  sende  ouer  oure  welbeloued  Clerk  Maistre  Guy  Wiseham, 


274 

the  whom  er  his  going  for  that  cause  and  the  worschip  of  the 
vniuersite  that  he  is  studiant  of,  and  of  himself  bothe,  we  desire 
in  cas  he  were  able,  to  be  gradnat  unto  the  degre  of  Bacheler 
of  the  faculte  in  which  he  is  and  hath  be  studying.  Praing  yow 
therfore  hertly  that  the  causes  aforsaid  considered  and  also  that 
aftre  the  fourme  of  his  scole  he  schuld  have  the  same  d^re 
at  Mighelmesse  next  komyng  as  we  ben  enfourmed,  the  which 
time  differth  nat  muche,  ye  woUe  atte  Beuerence  of  vs,  and 
thies  cure  lettres,  do  him  the  grace  herin  that  ye  mowe,  Aftre 
the  ordre  and  Bewle,  of  youre  constitucions,  mad  therupon, 
knowing  yow  so  doing,  to  do  vs  singuliere  plesance,  and  vs  to 
have  yow,  and  al  thing  that  longeth  vnto  yow,  the  more  fauor- 
abely  Recomanded  anenst  vs,  in  thing  which  we  mowe  do  for 
yow,  And  to  fulfiUe  it  vnto  our  pouair  at  al  tymes  that  ye 
woUe  lete  vs  witte  therof.  That  knoweth  god  which  for  his 
mercy  giff  yow  good  lif  and  longe.  Writon  at  oure  Manoir 
of  Westhorp  the  x  day  of  Januier. 

Endorsed : 

To  the  worschipfol  and  discrete  parsonnes  oure  Bight  dere 
and  Right  welbeloued  frendes  the  Maistres  R^ens 
and  non  Regens  in  the  vniuersite  of  Cambrigge 


XXVI,  On  thb  Collbction  of  Portraits  BSLONa- 
iNG  TO  THB  University  before  the  Civil  War. 
Communicated  by  Henrt  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A., 
University  librarian. 


[June  3,  1872.] 


Eight  portraits  are  perhaps  scarcely  enough  to  deserve  the 
name  of  a  collection.  But^  as  the  pictures,  which  have  been 
stowed  away  since  the  alterations  in  the  Library  building 
some  years  ago,  have  been  recently  hung  again  upon  the 
entrance  staircase,  it  seems  a  favourable  opportunity  to  collect 
together  the  scattered  notes  which  I  have  from  time  to  time 
extracted  from  the  University  registers;  and  as  a  recent 
examination  of  the  original  packets  of  vouchers  has  brought 
to  light  the  name  of  a  portrait-painter  of  whose  work  no 
specimen  has,  I  believe,  been  hitherto  recognised,  I  am 
anxious  to  lay  the  facts  before  the  Society. 

My  extracts  are  taken  (A)  from  the  Grace-books,  (B)  from 
the  Inventories  of  University  property,  (C)  from  the  Audit* 
books  of  the  Vice-Chancellor's  and  Proctors'  accounts,  and, 
where  the  Audit-books  seemed  to  imply  the  existence  of 
further  details,  I  have  searched  (D)  the  vouchers  them^ 
selves,  which  are  preserved  in  the  Registry,  with  a  few  gaps, 
from  1558  to  the  present  time.  The  extracts  are  so  small, 
that  I  shall  proceed  to  give  them  all,  as  they  stand,  without 
fear  of  extending  this  communication  to  an  undue  length ; 
and  I  shall  append  to  each  extract  such  remarks  as  the  occa- 
sion may  seem  to  demand. 


276 


A.    From  fhe  Orace-Bo^ka. 

The  following  memorandum,  in  the  handwriting  of  Mat- 
thew Stokys,  occurs  on  a  vacant  leaf  near  the  end  of  the 
Liber  Gratianm  A  (1542—1588),  leaf  326*: 

'Memorandum  quod  anno  domini  1580  et  regni  regine  Elizabethe  22* 
mense  yero  Jmm...M'  Johannee  parker  dedit  efBgiem  patris  soi  Matthei 
Cantuariensis  aichiepiBcopL 

Item  M'  Edwardus  grant  dedit  eflSgiem  dominse  Margarete  comitLBse 
Richemundie  et  Darbie  matria  Regis  Henrici  septimi,  ut  etiam  effigiem 
D.  Robert!  oomitis  leioeBtrie.' 

The  first  to  oome  was  also  the  first  to  go.  I  can  find  no 
trace  of  the  portrait  of  Archbishop  Parker  haying  been  in 
the  possession  of  the  University  after  the  dose  of  the  xvith 
century.  At  the  same  time  it  is  difficult  to  believe  that  any 
picture,  still  less  a  portrait  of  one  who  had  been  snch  a  fathet 
to  the  University  as  Pftrker  had  always  shown  himself  to 
be,  could  have  been  silently  stolen  from  the  walls  of  any 
public  room  in  the  University.  The  following  suggestion  is 
offered  merely  as  a  possible  explanation  of  its  disappearance. 
Some  years  ago,  when  Mr  C.  H.  Cooper  was  preparing  his 
edition  of  Le  Keux's  Memorials  of  Cambridge^  we  went  very 
carefully  over  the  Library  in  search  of  any  heraldic  decorations 
which  might  point  out  a  date  or  contain  an  allusion  of  any 
kind.  In  what  is  now  the  '  Catalogue  Boom '  of  the  Library, 
but,  until  the  building  of  the  present  Senate-House,  was  the 
place  where  the  University  business  was  transacted, '  there 
is  an  ornamental  plaster  ceiling,  belonging  evidently  to  the 
close  of  the  XVith  or  beginning  of  the  xvnth  century. 
Among  all  the  ornaments  we  could  only  discover  one  coat 
of  arms  (2  chevronels,  and  a  canton  charged  with  a  bird) ;  and 


277 

this  we  identified  without  difficulty  as  belonging  to  Dr  Jegon, 
Master  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  in  whose  Vice-Chancellorship 
the  ceiling  was  in  all  probability  put  up.  Can  it  be  that 
Dr  Jegon  may  have  taken  the  portrait  of  his  predecessor 
(Archbishop  Parker  had  been  Master  of  Corpus)  into  his  own 
lodge  for  greater  security  during  the  alterations?  If  so, 
it  is  quite  conceivable  that^  when  the  alterations  had  been 
finally  completed,  Dr  J^on  had  ceased  to  be  Master,  and 
that  in  this  way  the  portrait  of  the  Archbishop  never  found 
its  way  back  to  the  University  buildings.  There  are,  I  believe, 
three  portraits  of  Parker  in  his  own  College.  Now  it  is 
proverbially  difficult  to  find  any  register  of  the  pedigree  of 
picturesf,  and  I  dare  say  the  present  Master  and  Fellows  of 
Corpus  Christi  Collie  are  as  little  able  to  say  how  they 
became  possessed  of  these,  as  the  University  is  to  say  how 
it  lost  its  own.  My  suggestion  about  the  alterations  in  the 
Regent  House  and  their  date  will  be  sure  to  meet  with  either 
confirmation  or  disproof,  when  Professor  Willis's  long-expected 
ArckUecturai  History  of  the  University  makes  its  appearance; 
and  I  hope  the  Master  and  Fellows  of  Corpus  Christi  College 
will  not  take  amiss  the  remarks  I  have  made  about  a  possible 
act  of  unconscious  appropriation  on  the  part  of  one  of  their 
predecessors. 

The  portrait  of  the  Lady  Margaret  is  a  small  painting  on 
panel,  measuring  20  in.  by  15f  in.,  in  a  plain  frame  now  painted 
black,  though  one  can  still  read  through  the  paint  the  following 
inscription  in  gold  letters:  MARaABETA  ifATER  HENBICI  Vli 
(head)    coMinssA    richhondls    et    d£rbl£    (right    side) 

FVNDATRIX  COLLEGIORVM    D    lOAKKIS    ET    CHRI    CANTA3RI0I.£ 

(left  side)  OBirr  anno  dni  1509  3  eal  ivxn  (foot).  She  has 
a  half  open  book  in  her  hands,  bound  in  red ;  and  the  words 
visible,  'spalme'  in  the  head-line,  and  '...deus  secundum' 
and  '  ...tuam'  below,  show  it  to  be  meant  either  for  a  psalter 
open  at  the  'Miserere  mei  deus,'  or  for  a  supposed  copy  of 


278 

Bishop  FiBher's  work  on  the  seven  penitential  psahns,  which 
was  first  printed  four  years  before  the  Lady  Margaret's  death. 
It  is  in  bad  condition  at  present ;  but  it  bears  no  marks,  in 
my  eyes,  of  being  a  contemporary  likeness.  Indeed,  but  for 
the  memorandum  of  its  having  been  presented  by  Mr  Edward 
Orant  in  1580,  I  should  have  been  more  inclined  to  class 
it  with  several  others,  such  as  those  of  Bancroft,  Abbot,  and 
Buckingham,  which  give  the  impression  of  being  copies  made 
to  order  during  the  Commonwealth  period,  when  there  was 
a  great  spirit  of  activity  in  the  University,  and  when  it  seems 
to  have  been  thought  desirable  to  have  before  the  eyes  the 
likenesses  of  those  who  had  been  our  most  notable  henetsctoTQ. 
In  looking  at  the  Catalogue  of  the  National  Portrait  Exhibi- 
tion of  1866,  and  the  accompanying  volume  of  photographs, 
this  portrait  is  seen  to  resemble  most  closely  the  one  num- 
bered 47,  which  belongs  to  St  John's  College,  Cambridge. 
The  following  is  the  brief  and  incomplete  description  given 
in  the  Catalogue:  *  Half-length,  face  three-quarter  to  r.; 
black  robe  and  dress  of  a  widow  according  to  her  rank; 
a  white  "barbe"  above  the  chin,  and  white  head-dress... Panel, 
22x17  in.'  The  size  is  almost  identical  and  the  attitude 
and  details  of  half-opened  book,  &c.,  are  precisely  alike  in 
the  two. 

The  portrait,  on  the  other  hand,  of  Robert  Dudley,  Earl  of 
Leicester,  who  was  High  Steward  of  the  University  from  1563 
to  1588,  has  much  more  the  appearance  of  being  an  original 
likeness.  It  is  on  panel,  and  measures  20  in.  by  15j^  in.,  and  is 
in  the  common  black  frame,  seen  round  so  many  portraits  of 
that  day  in  the  University.  He  is  represented  with  his  head 
covered,  and  wearing  the  jewel  and  collar  of  the  order  of  the 
Oarter.  It  was  exhibited  in  London  at  the  National  Portrait 
Exhibition  in  1866  (no.  262),  and  a  photograph  was  taken  of  it 
at  the  time,  as  of  all  the  others  in  the  same  exhibition.  It  is 
described  in  the  catalogue  thus :   '  Bust,  dark  beard  and  mou- 


279 

stacbe,  black  hat,  jewelled  band,  dark  dress,  small  ruff;  collar 
of  E.  G.    It  is  so  dark  as  hardly  to  show  in  the  photograph'. 

The  donor,  Edward  Grant,  was  a  well-known  man  in  his 
day,  as  head-master  of  Westminster  School.  There  is  an  inter- 
esting notice  of  him  in  the  Aihenae  CantahrigienseSy  from  which 
we  learn,  among  other  things,  that  he  miatriculated  at  St  John's 
College  in  February  15G3-4,  and  that  he  was  a  member  of  the 
college  at  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to  Cambridge  in 
August  1564.  He  was  appointed  head-master  of  Westminster 
in  1572,  and  canon  of  the  same  church  in  1577.  He  became 
Doctor  in  Divinity  here  in  1580,  at  which  time  our  memoran- 
dum shows  that  he  gave  the  two  portraits  to  the  University. 
He  had  given  books  to  St  John's  College  in  the  preceding  year. 
Dudley  had  become  High  Steward  of  the  University  in  June 
1563,  a  little  before  Grant's  matriculation,  and  he  accompanied 
the  Queen  to  Cambridge  in  1564.  Whether  thefe  had  been 
any  relations  between  the  two  men  at  that  early  period  I 
cannot  say.  But  in  1581  we  find  Grant  dedicating  his  Lexicon 
Oraeco-LaMnvm  (4to.  London,  1581)  fo  Leicester ;  and  in  this 
he  subscribes  himself  '  Honori  tuo,  k  Maoris,  omni  obseruantia 
addictissimus,'  words  which  imply  that  he  was  his  chaplain* 
Grant  died  August  4,  1601,  arid  was  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  His  connexion  with  St  tfohn's  College  is  of  course 
enough  to  account  for  his  presenting  to  the  University  a  por- 
trait of  the  Lady  Margaret,  the  foundfess  of  the  one  body  and 
a  primary  benefactor  of  the  othef. 

B.    Ftom  the  Inventoried 

The  following  entries  occur  in  a  book  containing  the  '  Arti- 
cles for  the  office  of  keeping  the  tJniversitie  Librarie,  made 
A^  1582,'  after  which  cfomes  '  A  Table  of  the  Books  in  the 
Universitie  Librarie,'  which  again  is  succeeded  by  a  list  of 
*  Diuers  other  Parcells,  thyngs,  and  furniture  belonginge  to  the 
Universitie.'    The  book  was  probably  drawn  up  soon  after  the 

20 


280 

Article^  were  sanctioned^ ;  and  it  contains  a  few  additions  from 
the.  hand  of  Matthew  Stokys,  whose  writing  disappears  alto- 
gether from  the  University  books  in  1588.  The  Inventory  now 
forms  part  of  a  bound  volume  of '  Library  Catalogues,'  marked 
SI.  1,  in  the  Begistry.  [Among  the  'Diuers  other  Farcells' 
occurs  the  following  entry: 

*  In  the  Consistorie,  and  charge  of  M'  Matthew  Sfcokjs  Reg~. 

♦  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

9.  The  Ladie  Margarets  Countesse  of  Rich,  physiognomie. 

10.  The  Lord  Matthew  Archbysshopp  his  pbysiouomie. 

11.  The  Lord  Roberts  Erie  of  Leyoester  his  pbysionomia 

«  «  «  « 

[22.    The  phisionomye  of  my  Lorde  Tresurer.] ' 

Of  the  entries  numbered  9,  10, 11,  which  are  in  the  original 

handwriting,  nothing  need  be  said,  as  the  pictures  are  the  same 

three  which  appeared  in  the  memorandum  of  1580  in  the 

Grace-Book.    The  one  numbered  22  I  have  enclosed  in  brack* 

ets  as  being  an  addition  made  by  Matthew  Stokys.     'My 

Lorde  Tresurer*  is  of  course  William  Cecil,  Lord  Burghley, 

who  became  Lord  High  Treasurer   in  1572,  and   who  was 

Chancellor  of  the  University  from  Februaiy  1558-9  until,  his 

death,  August  4,  1598.    Nothing  could  be  more  natural  than 

to  find  a  portrait  of  Cecil  in  the  possession  of  the  University ; 

but  I  have  in  vain  searched  the  accounts  of  the  years  during 

which  it  must  have  come  here,  for  any  trace,  either  of  the  gift 

or  of  expenses  connected  with  it,  further  than  the  bare  entry 

which  is  given  above.    Thi^  entry,  however,  puts  it  beyond 

question  that  the  picture  came  some  time  during  the  years 

1583-1588.     The  portrait  itself  is  on  panel,  measuring  28  in. 

by  22  in.,  in  a  plain  black  frame  like  those  already  described. 

Burghley  is  represented  half-length,  with  his  head  covered, 

1  An  entry  in  the  Yice-Chanoellor's  accounts  for  1582  -  83  (D'  Bell  Y.O.) 
perhaps  relates  to  this  very  book :  ^  Item  6  Julij  [1583]... for  a  paper  booke 
in  vellam  wherein  is  written  all  the  stuffe,  books,  &c.  of  thuuiuersiUe,  zzij*, 
and  to  Jo.  Frickley  wryting  the  same,  vV  The  handwriting  is  oertainlj 
Frickley's,  judging  from  such  vouchers  of  his  as  I  have  examined. 


281 

wearing  the  jewel  of  the  order  of  the  Garter  attached  to  a 
common  chain,  the  Treasurers  staff  in  his  right  hand.  In  the 
upper  right  hand  comer  (of  the  picture)  are  the  Cecil  arms 
with  the  motto  COR .  VN  VM .  VIA .  VNA  heneath.  The  general 
effect  much  resembles  the  larger  picture  belonging  to  the 
Marquis  of  Exeter,  which  is  described  and  photographed  in 
the  Catalogue  of  the  National  Portrait  Exhibition  of  1866  and 
its  accompanying  series  of  photographs,  entitled  '  Galleries  and 
Bays/  &c.  (obi.  4to.  London,  1867),  no.  246. 

C.    From  the  Avdit  Books. 

The  following  entries  are  all  that  I  have  been  able  to  find 
relating  in  any  way  to  portraits  belonging  to  the  Univer- 
sity. 

1.  Vice-ChanceUor's  accounts,  1688-^9  (Dr  NevlU  V.C.): 

Item  for  bringinge  of  the  Queenes  picture  which  M'  Sckinner  gave  vnto 
the  Yniuersitie  ij\ 

2.  Vice-Chancellor's  accounts,  1591—92  (Dr  Some  V.  C.)  : 

Item  for  cariage  of  a  lettre  to  M'  Vincent  Skinner  about  the  Vniuersity 
stewardship  xij^ 

3.  Vice-Chancellor'g  accounts,  1602—03  (Dr  W.  Smith,  V.  C.) : 
Item  for  our  Chancellors  Picture  the  case  and  caridge  zxzv'. 

4.  Vice-Chancellor's  accounts,  1611—12  (Dr  Goche,  V.C): 

Item  for  the  kingis  picture  3g'. 

6.    Vice-Chancellor's   accounts,    161!^-13   (Dr   Carey,  V.C): 
Item  solut*  pro  pictura  Principis  Carroll  in  domo  Begentium   xig".  vj'.  Tiij*. 
Item  pro  portitore  eiusdem  z*. 

Item  pro  le  Curteine,  stringes  and  rodd  xV. 

The  picture  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  mentioned  in  the  first  of 
the  above  extracts,  is  on  canvas,  measuring  24  in.  by  20  in., 
and  is  enclosed  in  a  simple  black  frame.  It  was  exhibited  in 
London  at  the  National  Portrait  Exhibition  in  1866  (No.  363), 
and  the  following  description  was  added  in  the  catalogue: 
'  Bust ;  yellow  wig,  jewelled  head-ornaments  and  gauze  falling 
veil,  small  ruflf.'    A  photograph  of  it  was  taken  at  the  saine 

20—2 


282 

time.  The  donor,  Mr  Vincent  Skinner,  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  a  member  of  the  University ;  but  he  was  evidently 
in  the  service  of  Lord  Burghley,  and  his  son  Sir  Robert  Cecil 
Hia  name  frequently  appears  in  the  University  accounts  about 
this  time :  *  2  pair  of  gloves  for  Mr  Vincent  Skinner/  *  5  pair 
of  gloves  for  Mr  Vincent  Skinner/  &c.  The  second  entiy 
given  above  seems  to  show  that  he  was  a  person  of  some 
importance;  and  'the  stewardship'  of  course  is  the  office  of 
High  Steward  of  the  University  to  which  Sir  Epbert  Cecil  was 
appointed  about  Christmas  1591. 

On  Essex's  disgrace,  Sir  Robert  Cecil  succeeded  as  Chan- 
cellor of  the  University  in  February  1600-1 ;  and  the  yotmger 
Cecil  is  therefore  '  our  Chancellor,'  whose  picture  came  down  to 
Cambridge  two  years  later.  The  amount,  thirty-five  shillings, 
renders  it  somewhat  uncertain  how  far  the  cost  of  the  picture 
fell  upon  the  University.  My  searches  have  been  unavailing  in 
tracing  any  other  allusion  to  it  in  the  University  accounts.  It 
is  painted  on  panel,  measuring  31  in.  by  25  in.,  and  is  framed 
like  the  rest  of  these  early  pictures.  He  is  represented  half- 
length,  his  head  bare,  his  left  hand  covering  the  jewel  on  his 
breast ;  his  right  hand  resting  on  a  table  upon  two  white  bound 
books,  to  which  seems  to  be  attached  a  seal  in  a  red  case, 
embroidered  with  the  Royal  arms  and  garter.  Behind  these  on 
the  table  is  a  hand-bell.  Above  in  the  left  hand  comer  of  the 
picture  is  the  motto  *  SERO  •  SED  •  serio.'  It  bears  a  strong 
resemblance,  both  in  general  treatment,  and  in  the  details,  to 
two  which  found  a  place  at  the  National  Portrait  Exhibition 
of  1866,  one  belonging  to  the  Marquis  of  Salisbury  (No;  259), 
and  the  other  to  the  Earl  of  Derby  (No.  294). 

The  entry  in  the  accounts  for  1611-12,  'Item  for  the  King's 
picture,  xjV  can  only  refer  to  the  full-length  portrait  of  King 
James  which  now  stands  on  the  wall  immediately  facing  the 
entrance-door.  It  is  painted  on  canvas,  measuring  80  in.  by 
42  in.,  and  is  in  a  carved  frame,  gilt,  which  seems  to  belong 


283 

to  the  time.  His  head  is  covered,  and  he  wears  the  collar 
and  jewel  of  the  Garter.  The  University  account  books  throw 
no  light  upon  it  beyond  the  brief  note  I  have  transcribed ;  so 
that  we  are  left  wholly  in  the  dark  as  to  what  fact  the  payment 
of  eleven  shillings  represents.  It  is  possible  that  an  examina- 
tion of  the  accounts  of  the  royal  household  may  afford  an 
explanation,  and  perhaps  also  the  name  of  the  artist  who 
executed  it.  It  might  well  be  from  the  same  hand  as  the 
Prince  Charles, 

The  last  extract  I  have  made,  from  the  accounts  of  1612-13, 
explains  itself,  and  I  will  say  all  I  have  to  say  upon  it,  after 
quoting  the  actual  receipt  of  the  painter. 

D.    From  the  Vouchers^ 

The  original  packets  of  bills  and  receipts  submitted  to  tha 
auditors  of  the  University  accounts  every  year  are  preserved  in 
chests  in  the  Registzy,  and  go  back  to  the  year  1558.  Think-* 
ing  it  might  be  possible  to  find  a  receipt  from  the  painter 
himself  for  the  portrait  of  Prince  Charles  which  the  University 
procured  at  its  own  cost  for  the  Regent  House,  I  obtained 
Mr  Luard's  leave  and  aid  to  search  these  precious  little  bundles 
of  papers.  The  picture  had  been  attributed  to  Mytens  and 
others,  by  writers  who  never  thought  of  going  to  the  account 
books  of  the  University  for  information ;  so  I  was  all  eagerness 
and  curiosity  to  find  the  result.  On  going  through  the  bundle 
for  1612-13, 1  came  upon  the  following  receipt : 
*x'  die  July.  1613, 

Receaued  by  me  Robert  Peake,  of  M'  Doctor 

Carew,   vize  Chanoeliozo'   of  the  yniaersitie  of 

Cambridge^  the  some  of  Thirtene  Pounds,  sixo 

shilliiigs  and  eight  pence,  and  is  in  full 

satisfiiccton  for  Prince  Charles  his  picture 

I  saie  receaued  the  sum  of  • 

Subscribed  in  the  prewnce  of 
James:  Hodgson; 
William*  .-.  Kebl^'  Bobabt  pha« 


xiy".  xj*.  yiiy. 


284 

I  confess  to  having  experienced  a  slight  disappointment  on 
reading  this  document.  I  was  in  hopes  of  finding  possibly  the 
fiignature  of  some  well-known  painter;  and  here  was  a  man  of 
.whose  very  name  I  had  never  heard.  It  was  some  slight  com- 
fort to  reflect  that,  whatever  its  value  as  a  work  of  art,  a 
question  on  which  I  do  not  pretend  to  give  an  opinion,  the 
picture  must  always  haive  an  interest  for  members  of  the 
IJniversity.  The  visit  of  Prince  Charles,  which  it  commemo- 
rates, took  place  on  the  3rd  and  4fth  of  March,  1612-13,  and 
the  Prince  receiveS  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  on  the  occa- 
sion. The  picture  (which  is  painted  on  canvas,  measuring 
61  in.  by  34  in.,  and  is  in  a  carved  gilt  frame,  similar  to  the  one 
of  King  James  mentioned  above)  represents  the  Prince  full 
length,  wearing  th6  jewel  of  the  Garter  with  a  ribbon,  the 
garter  below  his  left  knee,  his  head  uncovered,  and  his  white 
hat  with  jewelled  band  on  the  table  at  his  side,  on  which  his 
right  hand  rests.  Above,  pinned  to  the  curtain,  is  an  unfolded 
piece  of  paper,  on  which  the  following  lines  and  statement  are 
written : 

.   CAEOLE,  TE  MYSM  NAM  TV  DIGNATVS  vtrvmq: 

CEPIMVS  HOSPITIO,  PINXIMVS,  OBSEQVIO 
^    Academiam  inuisens  A®  Regni  Patemi 

Angliffl  10**,  die  Martij  4**,  cooptatus  est 
.  in  ordinem  Magistrorum,  admissusq: 

hoc  in  Senatu,  per  Yalentinum 

Carey  Procancellarium. 

The  second  line  of  the  couplet  is  as  terse  an  expression  of 
Uiliverfeity  loyalty  as  even  King  James  can  have  desired. 

On  turning,  however,  to  Walpole's  Anecdotes  of  painting  in 
England  (ed.  Worn'um,  8vo.  London,  1849,  vol.  1,  p.  220),  I 
found  that  Peak  was  far  from  being  wholly  unknown,  though 
neither  Walpole  nor  his  editors  have  succeeded  in  identifying 


285 

any  specimen  of  his  work.    Walpole's  notice  is  so  shorty  that 
I  may  perhaps  be  forgiven  for  giving  it  ahnost  in  full. 

^ROBEBT  PSAKB. 

The  earliest  mention  of  him  that  appears  is  in  the  books  of  the  Lord 
Harrington,  treasurer  of  the  chambers,  No.  78,  79y  being  acooonts  of 
monies  received  and  paid  by  him  .*— 

Item,  paid  to  Robert  Poake,  picture-maker,  by  warrant  from  the 
council  October  4, 1612,  for  three  seyeral  pictures  made  by  him  at  the 
commandment  of  the  Duke  of  Tork  his  oflScerSi  and  given  away  and 
disposed  of  by  the  duke*s  grace,  twenty  pounds. 

It  does  not  appear  whether  these  pictures  were  in  oil  or  water- 
coburs ;  I  should  rather  suppose  portraits  in  miniature  of  (King  Charles  I. 
then)  Duke  of  Tork;  but  that  Peak  painted  in  oil  is  ascertained  by 
Peacham,  in  his  Book  of  Limning^  where  he  expressly  celebrates  his  good 
friend  Mr  Peake,  and  Mr  Marquis  for  oil-colours.  *  *  *  Peake  was 
originally  a  picture-seller  by  Holbom-bridge,  and  had  the  honour  of  being 
Faithom's  master,  and,  what  perhaps  he  thought  a  greater  honour,  was 
knighted  at  Oxford,  March  28, 1645. 

The  disorders  of  the  times  confounding  all  professions,  and  no  pro- 
fession being  more  bound  in  gratitude  to  take  up  arms  in  defence  of 
King  Charles,  Sur  Robert  Peake  entered  into  the  service,  and  was  made 
a  lieutenant-colonel,  and  had  a  command  in  Basing-house  when  it  was 
besieged,  where  he  persuaded  his  disciple  Faithom  to  enlist  under  him, 
as  the  latter  in  his  dedication  of  the  Art  qf  Orawng  to  Sir  Robert 
expressly  tells  him,  and  where  Peake  himself  was  taken  prisoner.  He  was 
buried  in  the  church  of  St  Stephen,  London.' 

Dallaway,  Walpole's  editor,  quotes  the  following  words  from 
Feacham's  Treatise  on  Drawing  and  Limning^  alluded  to  above: 

'Nor  must  I  be  ungratefully  unmindful  of  my  own  countrymen,  who 
have  been  and  are  able  to  equal  the  best^  if  occasion  served,  as  old  M^ 
HiUiard,  M'  Isaac  Oliver,  inferior  to  none  in  Christendom  for  the  counte- 
nance in  small,  my  good  friend  M'  Peake  and  M'  Marquis  for  oyll  coloun, 
and  many  more  unknown  to  me.' 

Failing  a  known  good  name,  it  is  perbape  the  next  best 
thing  to  have  found  that  our  Prince  Charles  is  the  production 
of  one  whose  work  is  unknown;  because  once  having  an  au- 
thenticated picture  by  an  artist  who  is  known  to  have  been 


^86 

employed*,  it  becomes  practicable  for  the  student  of  art  to  ^ve 
his  attention  to  the  characteristic  features  of  the  work  of  this 
one  known  picture,  and  by  this  process  to  go  far  towards  iden- 
tifying other  portraits,  hitherto  unclaimed,  as  coming  from  the 
same  hand.  When  the  University  was  asked  some  years  ago 
to  lend  certain  pictures  for  the  purposes  of  the  I^ational  Portrait 
Exhibition  in  London,  this  picture  was  selected  among  others, 
and  a  Grace  of  the  Senate  was  obtained  for  tb^  purpose.  Fpr 
one  reason  or  another,  possibly  because  of  the  overwhelming 
number  of  portraits  of  Charles  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
Committee,  aU  those  mentioned  in  the  Grace  were  taken,  ex- 
cept this  one.  Had  it  then  been  known  that  this  portrait  was 
an  authentic  sample  pf  an  pthjgrwiae  unrecognised  artist,  how- 
ever second-rate,  I  feel  sure  it  would  have  found  a  place  in  an 
exhibition,  the  main  object  of  which  was  instruction,  and  the 
existence  of  which,  even  for  a  few  months,  did  more  to  dispel 
ignorance,  (o  correct  Tni3ta.kes  (which  side  by  side  comparison 
alone  could  correct),  and  to  put  the  knowledge  of  English  por- 
traits on  a  sound  basis,  than  any  number  of  books  on  the  sub- 
jjBct  could  possibly  have  done. 

Thus  closes  my  short  list.  This  is  not  the  opportunity  for 
slaking  any  remarks  about  the  later  additions  to  the  collection ; 
though  it  were  much  to  be  wished  that  some  one  interested  in 
the  subject  and  competent  to  do  the  work,  would  supply  the 
University  with  a  more  respectable  description  of  these  pictures 
than  anything  which  we  now  have  to  show. 

'  ^  It  is  remarkable  enough  that  the  entry  quoted  by  Walpole  from  the 
Prince's  accomits,  shows  Peak  to  have  been  in  his  employ  only  a  few 
months  before  the  pictare  was  executed  for  the  Uniyersity. 


XXVII.  Notes  on  some  Remains  op  Moats  and 
Moated  Halls  at  Coton,  Grantchester,  Barn- 
well Abbey,  and  Fen  Ditton.  With  Bemarks 
ON  Manor-Hodsb  and  College  Boundary  Walls, 
FiSH-PoNDS,  AND  CoLUMBARiA,  Communicated  by 
F.  A.  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 


[May  19,  1873.] 


These  are  all  sites  of  some  antiquarian  interest ;  but  I  do  not 
know  if  any  accurate  account  exists  of  them^  or  of  the  houses 
or  the  families  connected  with  them ;  or  if  in  recent  times  they 
have  been  much  explored,  or  indeed,  if  they  have  attracted  any 
attention. 

That  at  Ooton  is  simple,  and  not  a  vestige  remains  of  the 
old  house,  which  I  suppose  occupied  the  site,  or  nearly  so,  of 
the  present  Rectory.  One  side  of  the  moat,  that  on  the  west, 
is  yet  tolerably  perfect;  that  which  ran  at  right  angles  to  it 
on  the  south  is  also  visible,  with  its  embankment,  though  it 
is  partly  filled  up.  There  are  faint,  but  sufficient,  traces  of  it 
also  along  the  north  side  of  the  present  Rectory  garden ;  but 
none  can  be  made  out  on  the  eastern  side,  unless  indeed  the 
present  pathway,  leading  from  the  field  into  the  main  road,  now 
occupies  that  side  of  the  moat,  filled  up  for  the  purpose. 
This  moat,  or  rather,  perhaps,  fishpond,  was  supplied  by  the 
spring  still  existing  and  still  used  by  the  villagers  on  the  north 
side  of  the  church,  where  it  forms  a  small  and  shallow  pond. 


288 

There  can  be  little  doubts  from  its  situation,  that  this  spring 
was  one  of  the  very  numerous  holy  wells;  and  the  site  of  a 
Norman  chancel,  of  rather  early  date,  close  by,  may  probably 
be  referred  to  traditions  connected  with  it  as  a  sacred  locality. 
Be  this  as  it  may,  it  cannot  be  doubted  that  the  water  from 
this  well  once  filled  the  moat.  The  streamlet  still  passes  along 
one  side  of  it,  as  I  have  said,  and  then  runs  off  across  the  field 
to  the  south,  into  the  brook  just  below.  There  are  vestiges 
of  a  trench  at  the  south-east  corner  of  the  moat,  extending 
along  the  present  hedge,  and  perhaps  this  formed  the  outlet 
or  an  extension  of  the  moat  in  that  direction.  I  cannot  learn 
that  any  record  remains  of  a  building  within  the  narrow  area 
of  this  moat.  I  incline  to  think  it  was  the  site  of  the  old 
Bectory.  That  some  hall  or  house  once  stood  here  can  hardly 
be  doubted,  from  the  analogy  of  very  many  similar  sites. 

This  however  is  but  a  small  and  insignificant  example.  At 
Qrantchester  there  is  a  much  more  extensive  moat  connected 
with  the  picturesque  and  nearly  unaltered  old  Manor  house 
on  the  south-west  side  of  the  church.  Part  of  this  moat,  which 
was  much  more  complete  a  few  years  ago,  runs  along  the  side 
of  the  road  towards  Trumpington,  continuing  from  the  end 
of  the  old  Manor  wall  that  bounds  the  road  from  the  east  end 
of  the  church.  This  wall  is  built  of  peculiarly  shaped  bricks, 
four  inches  in  thickness  and  a  foot  long, — a  very  uncommon 
proportion.  It  seems  as  old  as  the  Manor  house,  about  the 
time  of  James  I.,  or  the  first  Charles  at  least.  The  moat  was 
supplied  at  this  end  by  a  spring,  which  may  yet  be  noticed, 
though  it  is  now  only  a  neglected  and  dirty  though  rather 
deep  pond,  within  the  inclosure  of  the  wall,  which  separates 
it  from  the  road,  whence  it  may  be  seen  by  looking  over, 
the  site  being  marked  by  hazel-trees.  That  it  is  a  spring  is 
proved  by  the  oozy  ground  around  it.  The  moat,  now  turned 
into  a  garden,  takes  a  bend  towards  the  west  just  where  the 
road   turns  in  the  opposite  direction  towards  Trumpington ; 


289 

and  you  follow  it  by  getting  over  the  stile.  It  is  very  perfect 
here,  and  forms  a  wide  and  rather  deep  ditch,  fringed  with 
very  old  pollard  willows  and  maples.  The  back  entrance  to 
the  Manor  house,  now  a  farm  yard,  is  probably  the  original 
one ;  for  it  is  flanked  by  a  deep  arm  of  the  moat  on  the  right, 
or  east  side,  and  by  a  pond  on  the  west,  or  left  side.  This 
pond  (or  ponds,  for  there  are  two)  was  the  feeder  or  reservoir 
of  the  moat.  If  you  follow  it,  you  will  find  it  is  (or  rather 
was)  supplied  by  a  tortuous  channel,  now  partly  filled  up,  but 
marked  by  a  line  of  old  walnut  and  other  trees,  from  two  other 
ponds,  evidently  springs,  lying  considerably  further  to  the  west. 
You  pass  close  by  these  ponds  by  a  field-path  over  a  stile,  on 
the  left  hand  of  the  road  that  leads  from  Grantchester  to  the 
Barton  road.  They  seem  to  have  been  formerly  connected, 
and  undoubtedly  were  the  feeders  of  the  nearer  ponds,  which 
are  on  a  little  higher  level  than  the  moat  The  old  column 
barium^  or  dove-cote,  was  a  few  years  ago  turned  into  a 
cottage,  which  is  conspicuous  from  the  road.  The  original 
Manor  wall,  which  seems  to  have  joined  the  church  wall, 
though  it  is  now  separated  from  it  by  the  lodge  gateway,  is 
continued  round  the  south  side  of  the  church,  and  then  joins 
another  wall,  now  the  western  boundary  of  the  churchyard, 
and  inclosing  the  Manor  garden.  The  western,  or  further  wall 
from  the  church,  ends  at  the  point  where  the  ditch  that  fed  the 
moat  meets  it  at  an  angle  or  elbow  in  its  course  from  the 
springs. 

This  aflfords  a  good  example  of  a  feature  very  common  in 
manor  houses,  and  still  to  be  seen  in  some  of  the  colleges,  of 
an  inclosing  wall  carried  down  to  the  edge  of  a  ditch,  moat 
or  river.  Thus,  the  very  old  wall  that  encloses  St  Peter's  grove, 
as  seen  from  Coe  fen,  is  carried  to  the  brink  of  the  ditch  that 
separates  the  college  garden.  The  wall  of  Trinity  Hall,  on  the 
left  hand  just  before  you  cross  the  Garret  Hostel  iron  bridge, 
extended  to  the  edge  of  the  river,  the  present  garden  wall  along 


290 

the  river  being  more  recent.  Queens*  College  has  also  a  wall 
extending  along  the  river,  perhaps  as  old  as  the  college  itself, 
and  another  very  old  wall  which  may  be  seen  from  the  Newn- 
ham  side.  This  formerly  came  down  to  the  edge  of  the  ditch 
or  moat  that  extended  to  the  river  parallel  to  the  road.  The 
square  garden  has  a  somewhat  later  wall  round  two  sides ;  but 
the  original  garden  was  between  the  road  and  the  south  wall 
of  the  present  square  garden,  and  occupied  the  site  of  what  is 
now  the  kitchen  garden  and  the  cottage  lodge.  But  the  best 
example  of  this  kind  of  coped  brick  wall  is  that  which  bounds 
•the  fellows'  garden  on  the  side  furthest  from  the  college. 
It  seems  as  old  as  the  foundation  of  the  college,  and  is  not 
only  very  perfect,  but  it  extends  along  the  length  of  that 
gai-den,  which  is  one  of  the  largest  in  Cambridge.  Still 
another  very  old  brick  wall  of  this  kind  runs  along  the  back 
of  the  Hospital  garden  in  Tennis-court  Road.  As  it  is  at  right 
angles  with  the  old  part  of  the  still  remaining  wall  in  front  of 
the  Museum  in  Pembroke  Street,  I  have  sometimes  fancied 
they  may  have  been  connected ;  but  I  know  nothing  of  the 
history  of  either.  A  portion  of  old  wall,  apparently  once 
connected  with  that  in  Pembroke  Street,  remains  behind  the 
Com  Exchange,  going  from  thence  to  the  Post  Office,  and 
another  small  portion  adjoins  the  house  of  the  late  Mr  Kerrich. 
All  these  walls  have  a  coping  formed  on  a  simple  but  most 
eflFective  principle.  The  upper  course  of  bricks  projects  end- 
wise or  diagonally,  so  as  to  present  a  saw-tooth  appearance, 
carrying  a  brick  laid  flat  upon  it  and  borne  by  it  as  a  kind 
of  corbel-table.  Then  two  bricks,  end  to  end,  slope  upwards, 
and  the  top  course  is  formed  of  bricks  laid  dose  together  erect 
on  their  sides,  or  laid  flat  end  to  end. 

It  is  a  question  if  these  moats  were  not  often  used  merely, 
or  at  least  chiefly,  as  fish-ponds,  I  have  seen  many  moats 
where  a  fourth  side  is  wanting,  and  not  a  vestige  of  it  can  be 
found.    As  a  rule,  old  ditches  filled  up  can  nearly  always  be 


291 

traced.  I  am  very  familiar  with  two,  where  this  partial  moat 
is  to  be  seen,  which  are  interesting  as  inclosing  considerable 
remains  of  buildings  of  the  fourteenth  century;  one  is  called 
"Low  farm,"  close  to  Peterborough  Cathedral,  at  the  south- 
east end,  and  another,  three  or  four  miles  off,  called  Ey- 
bury,  the  burgh  or  stronghold  of  the  village  of  Eye.  Both 
these  were  abbey  granges  in  the  old  time.  Low  farm  has  a 
good  example  of  a  colwmharium.  Fish'-ponds  were  then  much 
more  cared  for,  because  sea-fish  could  not  be  brought  fresh 
from  the  sea  from  the  badness  of  the  roads  and  the  length  of 
the  journey.  Stewed  eels  and  carp  and  tench  were  then  much 
used  as  ordinary  food.  I  do  not  know  if  many  have  noticed 
that  the  vivarium  or  fish-pond  of  Barnwell  abbey  remains  still 
as  nearly  perfect  as  possible, — an  oblong  rectangular  depres- 
sion, on  the  site  of  the  present  Barnwell  spring,  which  sup- 
plied it.  The  most  perfect  I  have  seen,  by  far,  is  at  the  curious 
old  Bishop's  palace  at  Lyddington,  near  Uppingham,  where 
the  ponds  were  laid  out  with  great  regularity  and  skill,  though 
now  drained.  I  recommend  any  one  who  has  not  explored  it 
to  spend  a  day  in  doing  so.  It  is  now  used,  I  think,  as  a 
kind  of  bede-house,  and  everything  remains  as  it  was  before 
the  reformation.  There  is  also  a  fine  moated  house  at  Wood- 
croft,  near  Peterborough,  of  the  fourteenth  century,  where  the 
moat  is  still  deep  and  full  of  water,  and  has  its  old  draw- 
bridge, if  I  remember  right  But  moated  houses,  in  fact,  are 
very  common  in  Northamptonshire  and  Rutlandshire,  as  in 
other  counties,  such  as  Norfolk  and  Suffolk.  Probably  many 
may  still  be  traced,  though  so  nearly  filled  up  as  to  escape 
,general  observation.  There  is  a  very  old  farm  house  at  Cherry 
Hinton,  on  one  side  of  which  are  seen  remains  of  a  trench. 
How  far  these  were  moats  for  protection,  or  merely  fish- 
ponds, or  both,  is  often  a  curious  question  of  antiquarian 
inquiry. 

A  word  or  two  on  colwmbaria,  dove-cotes,  which  are  i)ar- 


292 

ticularly  common  in  moated  granges,  of  course  as  sapplying 
a  conveniently  accessible  and  unfailing  kind  of  food.  I  have 
seen  many  of  them,  some  of  them  of  considerable  age.  They 
are  generally  without  windows,  with  one  door,  and  an  open 
wooden  louvre  or  turret  at  the  top.  They  are  constructed 
internally  with  numerous  holes  or  cells  for  the  doves  to  build 
in.  A  niost  curious  one,  of  the  end  of  the  fifteenth  century, 
exists  near  that  fine  Elizabethan  mansion  which  many  know 
as  the  White  Hall  at  Shrewsbury.  Here  a  curious  and  in- 
genious contrivance  may  still  be  seen.  A  central  pUlar  moves 
round  on  a  pivot,  and  from  a  strong  projecting  arm  hangs 
fixed  a  dragging  ladder,  so  that  access  is  given  at  ail  heights 
and  to  all  parts  of  the  circular  building.  One  is  surprised 
that  such  things  as  columbaria  are  not  more  in  use  now  as 
appendages  to  a  farm.  With  the  present  price  of  provisions, 
farmers  might  realise  a  great  deal  by  attending  more  than 
they  do  to  small  profits.  Pigeons  are  now  worth  2s.  6d  a 
couple,  and  they  cost  next  to  nothing  to  breed  and  keep. 
Possibly  from  the  frequency  of  the  diet  arose  the  saying  that 
no  man  can  live  on  pigeons  every  day  for  a  month  together. 
It  is  like  the  salmon  of  the  Severn. 

Another  old,  though  small,  house  and  manor  wall  still 
stands  near  the  site  of  Storey's  alms-houses  in  Castle  end« 
The  house  is  an  excellent  specimen,  and  very  picturesque, 
though  much  dilapidated,  and  with  its  carved  oak  windows 
partly  blocked  and  disfigured.  The  old  wall  and  gateway  in 
front  were  pulled  down  a  year  or  two  ago,  and  to  save  a  few 
pounds,  rebuilt  in  the  plainest  and  ugliest  style,  the  old  one 
being  an  excellent  specimen  of  ornamental  red  brick  masonry. 
The  enclosure  must  have  been  large,  for  the  manor  wall 
bounds  the  road  in  Castle  Street  for  some  way,  and  portions 
of  it  are  continued  on  the  other  side  down  Mount  Pleasant 
or  the  sloping  way  leading  to  the  Madingley  Road.  A  portion 
well  worth  inspecting  may  be  seen  by  going  through  a  door- 


293 

way  into  a  small  court  in  this  part.  By  its  style,  I  should 
think  it  is  of  the  date  of  James  I.  or  Elizabeth.  These  manor 
walls,  it  may  be  remarked,  are  nearly  always  constructed  on 
the  same  principle,  with  a  coping  carried  by  bricks  projecting 
endways  or  diagonally,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  old  botanical 
garden  wall  in  Pembroke  Street,  mentioned  before. 

The  old  Manor  house,  a  very  fine  one,  at  Barnwell,  had  also, 
to  judge  by  present  appearances,  a  moat  or  fish-pond  in  front 
of  it.  There  is  a  marked  depression  in  the  field  just  in  front 
of  it ;  and  the  wall,  which  is  built  in  part  of  stones  from  the 
old  Abbey,  appears  to  occupy  the  site  of  the  old  ditch  that 
fed  it  from  the  river.  Part  of  this  ditch  remains,  viz.  that 
next  the  river,  separating  two  fields  on  the  right  as  you 
walk  towards  Chesterton.  It  is  fringed,  as  these  moat  ditches 
almost  invariably  are,  with  old  trees;  but  it  stops,  i,e.  is  filled 
in,  where  the  wall  to  the  Manor  house  begins.  The  old  moat 
or  fish-pond  supplied  by  this  ditch  may  have  belonged  to  the 
Abbey,  and  have  been  filled  up  when  the  Manor  house  was 
built  I  have  heard,  I  think,  that  a  stream  once  ran  here ; 
but  I  cannot  verify  any  such  tradition  by  present  appearances, 

A  particularly  interesting  site  is  the  old  Manor  house  near 
the  church  at  Fen  Ditton.  It  is  well  worth  a  careful  explo- 
ration; it  would  take  too  much  time  now  to  describe  it  in 
full.  The  moat  or  ditch  running  at  the  back  or  river  side  has 
the  old  wall  running  down  to  it,  and  the  bank  is  occupied  by 
farm  buildings,  partly  of  considerable  age.  Two  elder  trees 
may  here  be  seen  which  have  attained  the  unusual  girth  of 
four  feet,  this  tree  being  one  of  very  slow  growth,  and,  like 
the  ivy  and  the  whitethorn,  however  old,  rarely  attaining  great 
size.  On  the  other  side,  viz.  near  the  pathway  leading  up  to 
the  church,  a  depression  in  the  field  was  formerly,  I  believe, 
a  fish-pond.  I  even  found  at  the  bottom  of  the  old  wall, 
opposite  the  path,  the  drain  or  sluice  that  probably  supplied 
it  from  the  moat  or  ditch  that  ran  up  from  the  river  by  the 


294 

Bide  of  the  Rectory  garden.  The  field  between  the  Manor 
bouse  at  Fen  Ditton  and  the  river  was  then  more  or  less  a  bog ; 
and  a  considerable  portion  remains  of  a  raised  causeway  which 
led  across  it  to  the  Rectory,  the  Manor  house,  and  the  church. 
The  part  nearest  to  the  village  may  be  traced ;  but  the  cause- 
way has  been  dug  down  and  used  to  fill  the  side  ditches  in 
order  to  level  the  field.  This  raised  way  extends  parallel  with 
the  river  to  the  little  plantation  of  trees,  where  it  suddenly 
ends ;  and  here,  I  conjecture  (from  some  marks  of  an  abrupt 
curve  towards  the  river),  was  a  ferry  that  brought  people  from 
Chesterton  to  Fen  Ditton.  The  Manor  house,  which  had  a 
park  in  front,  had  a  double  avenue  tip  to  it,  part  of  which  still 
remains ;  but  between  the  central  row  of  trees  there  is  now  an 
oblong  fish-pond  of  considerable  size.  I  think  this  fine  old 
Manor  house,  with  its  picturesque  grounds,  remarkably  fine 
elms,  and  its  old  yew  tree,  and  r^aHy  pretty  situation  close 
to  the  church,  is  not  as  much  appreciated  as  it  should  be.  It 
seems  about  the  same  date  as  Madingley  Hall ;  it  is  still  fairly 
perfect,  and  could  easily  be  restored,  asr  a  smaller  one  of  about 
the  same  age  has  been,  so  effectively  and  in  such  good  taste, 
on  the  Chesterton  Road.  Windows  have  been  barbarously 
blocked  up,  but  the  bulk  of  the  building,  externally  at  leasts 
remains  nearly  unaltered. 


Publicatums  of  the  GwrnJbridge  ATitiquarian  /Sooe^y— continued. 

ly.     An  application  of  heraldir  to  the  illustration  of  Uniyersitj  and 
Collegiate  Antiquities.   By  H.  A.  Woodham,  A.B.    Part  I.  1841. 
With  UltLstrcUioTM, 
y.       An  application  of  heraldry,  &c.    By  H.  A.  Woodhah,  M.A.    Part 
11.    1842.     With  illustrations, 

*^*    Nob.  ly.  and  V.  together,  9*.  6rf. 
yL  '  A  Cata](^e  of  the  MSS.  and  scarce  books  in  the  library  of  St 

John's  College.    By  M.  Cowie,  M.A.    Parti.    1842. 
yil.     A  description  of  the  Sextry  Bam  at  Ely,  lately  demolished.    By 

Professor  Willis,  M.A.    1843.     With  4  plates.    3#. 
yill.    A  Catalogue  of  the  MSS.  and  scarce  books  in  the  library  of  St 
John's  College.    By  M.  Cowie,  M.A.    Part  XL    1843. 
♦*♦    Nos.  yi.  and  yill.  together,  9#. 

IX.  Architectural  Nomenclature  of  the  Middle  Ages.     By  Professor 

Willis,  M.A.    1844.     WUh  2  plates. 

X.  Boman  and  Roman- British  Remains  at  and  near  Shefford.    By  Sir 

Henky  D&YDBic,  Bart,  M.A.    And  a  Catalogue  of  Coins  from  the 

same  place. '  By  C.  W.  King,  M.A.   1846.  With  4  plates.    6*.  ed. 
XL      Specimens  of  College  phite.    By  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    1846.     With 

13  plates.    I6s, 
XII.     Roman-British  Remains.      On  the  materials  of  two  sepulchral 

vessels  found  at  Warden.    By  Professor  Henslow,  M.A.    1846. 

With  2  plates.    4s. 
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197  in  the  Parker  Library.    By  J.  Goodwin,  B.D.    1847.     With 

11  plates,    20s. 
Xiy.    Miscellaneous  Communications,  Part  I.:  I.  On  palimpsest  sepulchral 

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4 plates.    III.  A  Catalogue  of  the  books  bequeathed  to  C.  C. 

College  by  Tho.  Markaunt  in  1439.    Ed.  by  J.  0.  Halliwkll. 

ly.  The  genealogical  history  of  the  Freville  Family.    By  A.  W. 

F&ANKa     With  ^  plates.    1848.    15s. 
Xy«     An  historic^  inquiry  touching  St.  Catharine  of  Alexandria:    to 

which  is  added  a  Semi-Saxon  legend.    By  C.  Hardwiok,  M.A. 

1849.     With  2  plates^    12s. 
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Report  XXXVI  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1873—76,  and  Reports 

XXXIV,  XXXV) ;  Communications,  No.  XVIII.    Nearly  ready. 
%♦    Communications,  Nos.  XV— XVIII,  with  a  title-pa^  contents, 

and  index,  will  form  VoL  IIL  of  the  Society's  Canwndge  Ami- 

quarian  Communications, 
Report  XXXVII  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1876—77);  Commmu- 

cations,  No.  XIX.    1878.    Juet  ready. 

PUBLICATIONS.    OCTAVO  SERIES. 

I.  The  Anglo-Saxon  legends  of  St  Andrew  and  St  Veronica.    Ed.  by 

C.  W.  Goodwin,  M.A.    1851.    2#.  Gd, 

II.  Fragment  of  a  Graeco-Egyptian  work  upon  magic.    Ed.  by  C.  W. 

Goodwin,  M.A.    1852.     IViih  afaceimile.    3#.  6<f. 
IIL     Ancient  Cambridgeshire.    By  C.  C.  Babinoton,  M.A.    1853.   With 
4  plates  and  a  map,    3«.  6^. 

IV.  A  History  of  Waterbeach.     By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1859.     WUh 

3  plates.    5s, 

V.  The  Diary  of  Edward  Rud;  to  which  are  added  several  letten  of 

Dr.  Bentley.    Ed.  b^  H.  R.  Luaed,  M.A.   1860.    2s,  6«2L 

VI.  A  History  of  Landbeach.     By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.     1861.     With 

I  plate.    4«.  6d. 
VIL     A  History  of  Homingsey.    By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1866.    St.  ed. 
*«*    Nos.  IV,  VI,  and  VII,  with  a  title-page,  form  a  volume  entitled: 

'Three  Cambridgeshire  Parishes:  or  a  History,' &c.    1865.    12m, 
VIII.    The  Correspondence  of  Richard  Person,  M.A.,  formerly  R^gtns 

Professor  of  Greek.    Ed.  by  H.  R.  Luakd,  M.A.    1867.    4^ .  6d. 
IX.     The  HistoiT  of  Queens'  CoU^e.    Part  L    1446—1560.    By  W.  G. 

Seable,  M.A.    1867.    Ss. 
X       Historical  and  Architectural  Notes  on  Great  St  Mary's  Church.  By 

S.  Sandabs,  M. a.    Together  with  the  Annals  of  the  ChurdL    By 

Canon  Venablss,  M.A.    1869.     With  1  plate,    3s. 
XL     A  History  of  Milton.    By  the  late  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1869.  3«. 
•»•  Nos.  IV,  VI,  VII,  and  XI,  with  a  title-page,  form  a  rolume  entitled: 

*  Histories  of  the  Four  Acyoining  Parishes,'  &c.    1861 — 1869.    15^. 
XIL    The  Coins,  Tokens,  and  Medals  of  the  Town,  County  and  Uniyenity 

of  Cambridge.    By  W.G.  Sbablb,  M.A.    1871.    2*. 
XIIL    The  History  of  Queens' CoU^e.    Part  IL    1560—1662.    By  W.G. 

Seable,  M.A.    1871.    Ss. 
XIV.    The  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Parish  of  Bottisham  and  of  the 

Priory  of  Anglesey.    By  Edw.  Hailstone,  Jun.     With  7  platen. 

1873.    12#. 
An  annotated  List  of  Books  printed  on  Vellum  in  the  Uniyersity  and 

College  Libraries  at  Cambridge ;  with  an  appendix  on  the  biMio- 

grapby  of  Cambridge  libraries.    By  S.  Sandabs,  M.A.    In  the 

Press, 
Lvsi  of  books,  pamphlets,  and  single  sheets,  published  and  privately  printed, 

concerning  the  Uniyersity  of  Cambridge.    By  W.  G.  Seaais, 

M.A.    In  the  Press, 
A  Supplement  to  the  History  of  the  Parish  of  Bottisham  and  the  Prioiy  of 

Anglesey.    By  Edw.  Hailstone,  Jun.    In  preparation, 
A  History  of  Queens*  College.    By  W.  G.  Seable,  M.A.    Part  IIL    In 

preparation. 
March,  1878. 

OA1IBBU>OB:  PSIMTSD  by  O.   J.  clay,  H.A.  at  THJB  DNiyKBSITX  fKSsa. 


REPORT   AND    COMMUNICATIONS. 


EEPOET 

PRESBNTSD  TO  THE 

Cambrttrge  ^nttquartan  ftodetp, 

AT  ITS  THIBTT-SIXTH  ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING, 
MAY  15,  1876^ 

WITH  AK  ABBTBACT  OV  THB  PBOCBBDD^aS  OW  THE  BOGUBTT 
(iNOLUDma  THE  ANNUAL  BJSP0BT8  XULIY,   ZZZT), 

1873—1876. 


ALSO 

CommunitattoniS 

MADE  TO  THE   SOCIETY. 
No.  XVIII. 

BEING  THE  FOURTH  AND  CONCLUDING  NUMBER  OF  THE 
THIRD  VOLUME. 


CAMBRIDGE : 

PBIVTED  VOB  TBB  GAMBBIBaX  ANTIQUABtAN  SOCZBTT. 

SOLD  BY  DEIGHTON,   BELL  AND  CO., 

AND  MACMILLAN  AND  00. 

GEORGE  BELL  AND  SONS,  LONDON. 


X 


1879. 

Price  Three  Shillings, 


CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY. 
COUNCIL. 

May  26,  1879. 


Thomas  M<^Kenkt  Hughes,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  Trinity  College, 
WoodwoflrdUm  Professor  of  Gsology. 

Charles    Cabdalb    Babikqton,    Esq.,    M.A.,    F.R3.,    St  John's 
College,  Professor  ofBotcmy, 

Geoboe  Mubbat  Humphbt,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.B.S.,  Downing  College^ 
Professor  of  Anatomy, 

Henbt  Bbadshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  University  Librcurian. 
WiLLiAm  MiLNEB  Fawoett,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 

Sbectttarg. 

Eev.  Samxtel  Savage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  CoUega 

Bev.  Geoboe  Fobbest  Bbowke,  M.A«,  St  Catharine's  College. 
John  Willis  Clabk,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
Thomas  Hack  Natlob,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bev.  Hekby  Bichabds  Luabd,  D.D.,  Trinity  College,  Umversity 
Registrary, 

Bev.  John  Eyton  Bickebsteth  Mayob,  M.A.,  St  John's  College, 

Professor  of  Laiin, 
Bev.  Waltbb  William  Skeat,  3MLA.,  Christ*s  College,  Elrington 

and  Bo&ioorth  Professor  of  Anglo-Saxon. 
Fredebick  Charles  Wage,  Esq.,  M.A-,  LL.M.,  St  John's  College. 
Bev.  Bryan  Walkeb,  LL.D.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 
Alfred  Newton,  Esq.,  MA.,  F.B.S.,  Magdalene  College,  Professor 

of  Zoology  and  Comparative  Anatomy. 
John  Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  M.A-,  Trinity  College. 
Alfred  Paget  Humphry,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College; 
George  Mackenzie  Bacon,  Esq,,  M.A.,  M.D. 


EEP  OET 


PRE8BNTXD  TO  THB 


Caml)r%e  Antiquarian  Sotitt^, 


AT  ITS  THIBTT-SIXTH  ANNUAL  aENESAL  MEETING, 
MAY  15,  1876. 

WITH  AN   ABSTRACT  OF  THE   PB0CEEDIN08  OF  THE  80CXBTT 
(XNCLUPINO  THE  ANNUAL  BBP0BT8  ZXXIY,  ZXZY), 

1878—1876. 


Cambridge : 

PRINTED  FOB  THB   OAMBBIDOE  ANTIQUABIAN   SOCIETY. 

SOLD  BY  DEIGHTON,   BELL   AND  CO., 

AND  MACMILLAN  AND   CO. 

QEOBGE  BELL  AND  SONS,  LONDON. 

1878. 


CamlrOrgr: 

FBINTID    BT    C.  J.  CLAT,   iCLA. 
AT  THK  UNIY1B8ITT  PRiaS. 


EEPORT 


PBESENTED  TO  THE  CAMBRIDGE  ANTIQUARIAN  SOCIETY  AT  ITS 

THIRTY-SIXTH  ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING, 

MAY  15,  1876. 


The  Council  begs  leave  to  congratulate  the  Cambridge 
Antiquarian  Society  upon  a  steady  increase  in  the  number  of 
members — four  have  been  added  to  the  list  during  the  past 
year — and  also  upon  a  far  more  numerous  attendance  at  the 
meetings  of  the  Society  during  the  last  twelve  months  than 
has  been  usual  in  previous  years  for  some  time  past  Several 
papers  of  permanent  interest  have  also  been  read. 

The  Library  has  received  more  than  the  usual  number  of 
annual  reports  and  publications  from  the  various  corresponding 
Societies.  The  Museum  has  also  been  augmented  by  a  fair 
number  of  presents  of  local  and  other  antiquities,  noticed  in  the 
annual  list 

An  effort  has  been  made,  with  some  prospect  of  success,  to 
secure  permanent  accommodation  for  the  valuable  collections 
of  the  Society,  which  are  at  present  stored,  partly  in  the 
Fitzwilliam  Museum,  partly  under  the  charge  of  the  present 
President,  at  the  University  Library  and  in  his  rooms  at  King's 
College,  and  partly  also  in  the  keeping  of  the  Secretary  at 
Corpus  Christi  College.  A  memorial  has  been  recently  sub- 
mitted to  the  Council  of  the  Senate  by  thirteen  members  of 
our  Society;  and  though  it  does  not  emanate  officially  from 


the  Society,  yet  it  has  been  thought  desirable  to  commimicate 
it  to  our  members^  and  so  to  give  it  a  place  among  the  records 
of  the  present  year. 

The  Reporta  and  Communioationa  for  the  seven  years  ending 
May  19>  1873,  are  still  in  the  press.  The  Reporta  and  Com- 
munications  for  the  three  years  ending  with  to-day  are  in 
preparation ;  and  it  has  been  determined  to  include  with  these 
last  Mr  Luard's  List  of  Charters  and  other  Documents  in  the 
University  Registry  from  1266  to  1544.  Meantime  some  copies 
of  Dr  Birch's  interesting  account  of  the  Cover  of  the  Sar- 
cophagus of  BAmeses  III.  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum,  read  last 
November,  have  been  printed  separately  in  quarto  size,  and 
have  been  distributed  to  members  of  the  Society. 


CO 


s" 

i 

^ 

.     1 

M 

COUNCIL. 

MAY  15,  1876. 


[77u>9€  marked  *  conHnue  memben  qf  QmneUflrcm  la$t  ffear^ 

Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.RS.,  St  John's  ' 
College,  Professor  of  Botany, 

tlTttastim. 
William  Milner  Fawcett,  Esq.,  M,A.,  Jesus  College. 

Bev.  Samuel  Savage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

®ctimar9  i)ltember& 
♦Bev.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College, 

Professor  of  Latin. 
*Bev.  William  George  Searle,  M.  A.,  Queens'  College. 
*Bev.  Joseph  Bawson  Lumby,  B.D.,  St  Catharine's  College. 
♦Bev.  William  Griffith,  M.  A.,  St  John's  College. 
*Bev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 
♦Bev.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  Collie, 
♦John  Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
George  Murray  Humphry,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.B.S.,  Downing  Col- 
lege, Professor  of  Anatomy. 
Thomas  M^Kenny  Hughes,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  Trinity  College,  Wood- 

wardian  Professor  of  Geology. 
Henry  Bradshaw,    Esq.,    M.A.,  King's   College,  University 

Librarian. 
Bev.  George  Forrest  Browne,  M.A.,  St  Catharine's  College. 
John  Willis  Clark,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 


LIST    OF    PRESENTS 

puburo  the  tear  ending 
Mat  15,  1876. 


ANTIQUITIES. 

From  J.  W.  Clark,  Esq. : 

A  model  of  the  Medr^en,  in  plaster. 

A  bronze  axe,  from  Homingsey. 

Fourteen  Charib  shell  implements,  from  Barbados. 

A  bronze  statuette  of  Isis  and  Horus,  from  Egypt. 

From  Professor  Hughes : 

A  carved  ivory  knife-handle,  from  the  bed  of  the  Thames. 

From  Professor  Palmer : 

A  mshjdm,  or  camel-stick,  used  by  the  Desert  Arabs,  made 
of  wild  almond  wood. 

From  Mr  Roads,  of  Foxton : 

A  string  of  amber  and  glass  Saxon  beads,  from  Foxton. 

Two  bronze  round  ornaments,  probably  for  harness,  from  the 
same  place. 

From  the  Rev.  J.  Walker,  Vicar  of  Wood  Ditton : 

Two  iron  axes,  of  Saxon  workmanship,  from  Newmarket 

Heath. 

A  spur,  a  stirrup,  and  a  lance- head,  of  iron,  of  later  date, 

from  the  same  place. 


8 

BOOKS. 
From  the  Society  of  ArUdquaries  of  London: 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.    2nd  Series,  Vol  6,  Part  4  8vo. 

From  ihe  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire : 
Transactions  of  the  Society,  1873 — 4.    8vo. 

From  ihe  Exeter  Diocesan  Architectural  Society : 

Transactions  of  the  Society.     1875.    Vol.  8,  Part  1.    4to. 

From  the  Associated  Architectural  Societies  ofLincdn,  Jkc: 
Reports  and  Papers  for  1874.     8vo. , 

From  the  Royal  Historical  and  Archaeological  Association  of 
Ireland : 
Journal  of  the  Association.    4th  Series,  Vol.  3,  Nos.  20—23. 
8vo. 

From  the  Smithsonia/n  Institution : 

Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  Regents  for  1873.    Svo, 
Washington,  1874. 

From  the  Peabody  Museum,  Cambridge^  U.  S.  A.: 

Eighth  Annual  Report  of  the  Trustees.    8vo.    1875. 


AN  ABSTRACT  OF  THE  PROCEEDINGS  AT  THE 
MEETINGS  OF  THE  SOCIETY, 

DUBINa  THB  THKBB  YEABS  KNDIKG 

May  15,  1876. 


1873—1874. 
Nov.  10,   1873.     The  President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the 

chair. 
The  ProBident  exhibited : 

(1)  Two  palstaves,  one  looped  and  ribbed,  the  other  phun;  and  two 
flint  implements,  one  the  blade  of  an  axe,  the  other  nearly  oval  in  form, 
and  of  an  uncertain  use.  These  objects  were  all  found  recently  in  the 
fen  near  Ely,  and  were  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr  G.  Archer,  of  Ely. 

(2)  Some  casts  of  ornaments  on  bells  at  Landbeach  and  Caldecote,  in 
Cambridgeshire,  and  at  Gold  Ashby,  in  Northamptonshire.  The  last- 
named  bell  is  dated  1317,  and  is  locally  reported  to  have  come  from  Sully 
Abbey,  in  Northamptonshire.  It  bears  a  seal  which  is  probably  that  of 
one  of  the  Abbots.  The  style  of  some  of  the  ornaments  recalls  the  design 
of  coins  of  the  Plantagenets.  These  casts  were  presented  to  the  Society 
by  Mr  T.  Archer  Turner,  of  Emmanuel  College. 

Mr  Carter  exhibited  a  flint  implement  of  the  palseolithic  age,  found  at 
Chatteris,  in  1871.  (This  seems  to  be  well  worthy  of  being  fully  described 
and  engraved.) 

Nov.  24,  1873.      Professor  C.  0.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

The  Rev.  W.  Griffith,  M.A.,  of  St  John's  College,  was  introduced  to  the 
Society;  and  exhibited  a  highly  interesting  series  of  implements  of  flint, 
jade,  and  shell  (chiefly  the  last)  collected  by  himself  during  a  nine  months 
residence  in  Barbados ;  and  he  then  gave  some  account  of  the  Charibs,  by 
whom  they  were  used.  Six  of  these  shell  implements,  three  axes  and 
three  gouges,  were  presented  by  Mr  Griffith  to  the  Society.  (See  Mr 
Griffith's  account  printed  in  the  Societ/s  OommunicaHom,  Vol  iii,  No. 

XXVIII.) 

Mr  Griffith  also  exhibited  a  flint  arrow-head  from  Upper  Canada,  and 
a  stone  axe  from  the  shore  of  Lake  Superior. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  A  crescent-shaped  object  of  clay  roughly  baked,  which  was  recently 
found  among  the  debris  of  a  pile  dwelling  on  the  Lake  of  NeuchftteL  Such 
objects  were  probably  worshipped  as  symbols  of  the  Deity  r  though  it  has 


10 

been  Bugg^ested  that  thej  maj  hate  been  made  to  support  towenpg  head- 
dreeses. 

(2)  An  oaken  pale  from  the  Bame  locality,  which  seems  to  hare  c<mi- 
tributed  to  support  the  platform  on  which  one  of  the  viUages  stood. 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited,  by  kind  permission  of  Lady  Mary  Phippe, 
tweWe  Roman  coins,  from  Commodus  to  Gonstantine  IL,  found  at  Bam- 
ham,  on  the  int>perty  of  the  Duke  of  Grafton. 

Feb.  23,  1874.    Professor  C.  C.  Babingion  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  member  was  elected : 
Rev.  WiUiam  Griffith,  MJL,  St  John*s  CoUega 

Professor  C.  G.  Babington  exhibited  a  bronie  looped  socket-eeli,  orna- 
mented with  parallel  longitudinal  lines,  found  at  Bottisham  Lode,  in  Cam- 
bridgeshire, in  Dec.  1873,  and  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr  Arthur 
Deck. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  a  bronze  socket-eelt,  with  bhmt  edge^  as  cast  at 
first,  found  at  Willingham,  in  this  county.  This  weapon  clearly  indicates 
the  use  of  bones  to  sharpen  and  polish  implements  of  bronse. 

Mr  Griffith  read  a  letter  which  he  had  received  from  Mr  G.  H. 
Hawtayne,  acting  Golonial  Secretary  of  St  Vincent,  W.  I.,  criticising 
his  communication  of  Not.  24,  1873,  in  scTeral  points.  (The  substance  of 
Mr  Hawtayne's  remarks  will  be  found  in  a  note  at  the  end  of  Mr  Griffith's 
paper  printed  in  the  CammuniealionSf  VoL  ni.  No.  xxym.) 

Mr  Griffith  exhibited  a  variety  of  flint  implements  and  fragments  of 
pottery,  found  on  the  site  of  an  encampment  at  Gissbury,  near  Worthing^ 
in  Sussex. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  an  engraving  (contributed  by  the  kindness  of 
Dr  Keller),  which  represented  a  browsing  reindeer,  as  scratched  with  great 
artistic  skill  on  a  reindeer's  rib,  discovered  last  month  in  a  cave  at  Thfiingen, 
in  Canton  Scfaaffbausen.  Bones  <^  the  Mammoth  and  of  the  Boi  primi' 
genius  have  been  found  in  dose  proximity. 

March  9,  1874.    Rev.  H.  R.  Luard  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Yentris  exhibited  an  iron  knife,  found  at  a  dq^th  of  two  feet  in 
making  the  bridge  between  Homingsea  and  Waterbeach. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  two  Gallic  staters,  weighing  117  grains  and  126 
grains,  respectively,  which  have  been  recently  discovered  in  Franca  These 
pieces  are  of  especial  interest,  as  showing  the  middle  term  in  the  transition 
from  the  gold  staters  of  Philip  II.  of  Macedon  to  the  British  gold  ooinB  of 
the  second  century  B.a  Of  each  of  these  latter  periods  typioiJ  ooins  were 
also  exhibited. 


11 

May  4, 1874.    The  President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the  chair. 

Professor  C.  0.  Babington^  on  behalf  of  Mr  Arthur  Deck,  exhibited  and 
presented  to  the  Society : 

(1)  A  bronze  celt  found  at  Teversham,  in  this  county,  in  the  spring  of 
1873. 

(2)  Three  Jtbulof,  and  twenty-fiye  beads,  discorered  April  10,  1874, 
in  an  Anglo-Saxon  grave  on  the  River  Farm  at  Haslingfield,  in  Cambridge- 
shire. They  were  found  lying  on  the  breast  of  the  skeleton,  which  crum- 
bled to  pieces  immediately.  TheJibtUcB  are  of  the  cniciform  shape  usually 
found  in  this  district;  and  measure  in  length,  2iin.,  2|in.,  and  4|in.,  re- 
spectively. The  lai^est  had  been  mended  by  its  original  owner  in  a  rough 
manner ;  and  he  had  also  strengthened  it  by  a  string,  of  which  clear  traces 
remain.  A  JRnda  similarly  mended  with  string  was  found  in  1860,  among 
some  Anglo-Saxon  remains  near  Barrington  (the  next  village  to  Hasling- 
field), an  account  of  which  was  printed,  and  the  fSbidce  figured^  in  the 
Society's  Comtnuniccaions,  VoL  ii.  No.  n,  pp.  7--10. 

Mr  G.  F.  Browne  exhibited  sections  of  two  holes  in  the  form  of  basons 
lined  with  clay,  formerly  used  for  cooking  purposes,  discovered  in  digging 
fDundations  at  Great  Hallingbury,  in  Essex.  The  diameters  were  three  and 
four  feet  respectively.  The  upper  part  of  the  smaller  hole  had  been  pre- 
viously disturbed,  but  the  upper  edge  of  the  larger  one  was  covered  by 
undisturbed  day.  The  depth  of  the  latter  was  about  20  inches.  Mr  Browne 
exhibited  specimens  of  the  day  lining  and  the  burned  day  below  the  hole^ 
fragments  of  pottery  (some  apparently  Roman),  vegetable  charcoal  and 
bones  of  animals,  one  of  the  latter  split,  probably  for  the  extraction  of  the 
marrow. 

The  President  exhibited  and  described  some  interesting  Chinese  coins, 
and  a  Chinese  University  medal  He  also  exhibited  his  own  manuscript 
catalogue,  by  means  of  which  the  distinguishing  marks  of  the  prindpal 
issues  in  the  Chinese  series  may  be  identified  and  explained. 

Mr  Letns  exhibited  a  curiously  ornamented  Roman  lamp,  and  two 
small  vases,  one  with  two  handles,  the  other  with  four ;  all  found  in  a  cave 
at  Bethlehem,  by  Mr  C.  F.  Tyrwhitt  Drake,  in  the  spring  of  1873. 

May  18,  1874.    Thirty-fourth  Annual  General  Meeting.    The 
President  (Rev.  W.  G.  Searle)  in  the  chair. 
The  following  new  member  was  elected : 
John  Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Mr  Fawcett  exhibited  a  gold  ch&telaine,  the  property  of  Miss  Tillard, 
of  St  Leonard's-on-Sca. 

The  President  read  a  letter  lately  received  by  Mr  Griffith  from  Mr 
G.  H.  Hawtayne,  of  St  Vincent,  on  the  origin  and  usages  of  the  Charibs. 


12 


APPENDIX  A. 

BSPOBT   PBISSNTBD   TO   THB    GaKBRIDGB    AiTTIQUABUH  SoCEHTT  AT    ITS 

Thibtt-fourth  Annual  Genbbal  MBSTiira, 
Mat  18,  1874. 

During  tbe  past  year  two  new  members  hare  been  elected. 

The  Museum  and  Library  hare  both  received  several  additions,  whidi  will 
be  found  recorded  in  the  annual  list  of  presents.  The  increased  interest  in 
local  antiquities  is  shown  by  the  considerable  increase  in  the  number  of 
such  objects  which  have  been  presented  to  the  Society  during  the  hut 
twelve  months,  as  compared  with  the  accessions  of  the  last  few  years. 

Mr  Edward  Hailstone's  History  and  AtUiquities  qf  the  pariih  qf 
Bottisham^  and  the  priory  qf  Anglesey  has  been  published,  and  was  Issued 
to  members  in  September  last,  as  No.  XIV.  of  the  Society's  octavo  series  of 
Publications. 

Mr  Luard's  Liet  of  Charters  and  Documents  in  the  University 
Registry^  from  1266  to  1544,  is  in  the  press. 

The  long-delayed  issue  of  the  Reports  and  GommunieaHons,  of  which 
nothmg  has  yet  appeared  smce  the  Report  of  May  14,  1866  (published  in 
January,  1867),  has  at  last  been  taken  in  hand;  and  the  Reports  and 
CommunicaHons  for  the  seven  years  ending  May  19, 1873,  will  be  published 
together.    They  are  now  passing  through  the  press. 

APPENDIX  B. 

TbEABUBBB'S  ACOOUITT  FOB  THB  YXAB  fiNDIBO 

May  18,  1874. 

Paymenis. 


Receipts, 

£.  s.  d. 

Subscriptions : 

For  1873  .  .  .  18  18  0 
For  1874  .  .  .  19  19  0 
Arrears  .  •  .  60  8  0 
Life  Members     .       .  21    0  0 

Sale  of  Books : 

Deighton,  Bell  &  Co.  6  10  6 
Macmillan  &  Go.         .727 

Balance,  May,  1873  .        .  69    2  8 


^183    0  9 


£.  #.  dL 


University  Press : 

Octavo  Publications, 
No.  XIV.     . 


128    8  6 


Balance,  May,  1874 


.  64  12  3 
j£l83    0  9 


May  18, 1874. 


Examined  and  found  correct, 

HeNBT  J.   HOTHAH. 

F.  C.  Wacb. 


13 


APPENDIX  C. 

Council. 

Mat  18,  1874. 

[Thoie  marked  *  continue  membert  qf  Council /iram  lent  year,'] 

President, 

Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  Uniyersity  Librarian. 

Trecuurer. 
William  Milner  Fawcett,  Esq.  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 

Secretary. 
Ber.  Samuel  SaTage  Lewis,  M.  A.,  Corpus  Christi  College. 

Ordinary  Memhere. 
^Charles   Cardale   Babington,  Esq.,   M.A,  F.R.S.,   St.  John's   College, 

Professor  of  Botany. 
*ReT.  Henry  John  Hotham,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
-^ReT.  Walter  William  Skeat,  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
*ReT.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A,  Trinity  College,  Uniyersity  Registrary. 
"^Frederick  Apthorpe  Paley,  Esq.,  M.A. 
^Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq.,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 
♦William  Aldis  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College. 
Rey.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.y  St  John's  College,  Professor  of 

Latin. 
Bey.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  College. 
Rey.  Joseph  Rawson  Lumby,  B.D.,  St  Catharine's  College. 
Rey.  William  Griffith,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 

APPENDIX  D. 

List  of  Pbesekts  bubiko  thi  Teab  ekdiko 
May  18,  1874. 
Aktiquttieb. 
From  Goodwyn  Areher,  Esq.^  of  Ely: 

Two  bronze  palstayes,  and  two  flint  implements,  from  the  Fen  near 
Ely. 
From  Arthur  Pecky  Esq, : 

A  bronze  celt,  from  Teyersham. 

A  bronze  looped  socket-celt,  from  Bottisham  Lode. 

ThTee,fibulcB  and  twenty-fiye  beads,  from  Haslingfield. 

From  the  Rev.  W,  Griffith: 

Three  shell  axes,  and  three  shell  gouges,  from  Barbados. 
From  T.  Archer  Turner ^  Esq,,  qf  Emmanuel  College  : 

Casts  of  ornaments  on  bells  at  Landbeach,  Caldecote^  and  Cold  Ashby. 


14 

Books. 
From  the  Society  qf  Antiquaries  of  London: 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.    Three  Nog.  8yo. 
From  the  Auociated  Architeetural  Societies  qf  Lincoln^  d&c. : 

Reports  and  papers,  read  daring  1872.    870.  Lincoln,  1873. 
From  the  Historic  Society  qf  Lancashire  and  Cheshire: 

Transactions  of  the  Society.   VoL  xnL  1872—73.    8?o. 
From  the  Royal  Historical  and  ArchcBological  Association  qf  Ireland: 

Journal  of  the  Association.    Five  Nos.  Svo. 

From  the  Author: 

Brief  Sketches  of  the  parishes  of  Booterstown  and  Donnybrook,  Co. 
Dublin.    By  the  Rot.  B.  H.  Bbicker.    12mo.  Dublin,  1860—74. 

From  the  Smithsonian  Institution : 

Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  Regents  for  1871.    Svo. 
From  the  University  qf<Jhristiania  : 

Report  on  the  ancient  vessel  found  in  the  parish  of  Inna    4to.    ChriA- 
tiania,  1873. 

Five  other  antiquarian  publications.    4to.  and  8yo. 


1874—1875. 

Nov.  9,  1874.    Professor  C.  C.  Babington  in  the  cbair. 

Professor  C.  0.  Babington  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  Mr  Arthur  Deck)  a 
flint  axe,  of  the  middle  period  of  the  stone  age,  and  a  bronze  spur;  both 
recently  discovered  at  Bottisham  Lode. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  a  bronze  medal  (size  6i),  supposed  to  be  unique, 
showing  on  the  obverse  the  bust  of  our  Lord,  encircled  with  the  Byzantine 
nimbus  and  the  legend  EMMANYHL  (sic) ;  on  the  reverse,  the  adoration 
and  offerings  of  the  three  Magi  to  the  Holy  Child,  who  is  seated  on  the 
Virgin's  knee.  The  guiding  star  is  seen  above,  ^nd  two  doves  below  in  the 
exergue.  This  piece  once  formed  part  of  Lord  Pembroke's  collection,  and 
is  assigned,  from  the  general  character  of  the  design  and  execution,  to  the 
time  of  Justinian  Rhinotmctus,  the  close  of  the  seventh  century. 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited  two  statuettes  of  terra  cotta,  from  a  '  find '  of 
more  than  a  hundred  similar  objects  last  spring  at  Tanagra.  (See  Com- 
municationsy  Vol.  iii.  No.  xxix,  where  these  two  figures,  and  a  third  firom 
the  same  place,  are  described  and  figured.) 


15 


Nov.  23,  1874.    Professor  C.  C.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

Mr  J.  E.  Foster  exhibited : 

(1)  A  Bilyer  crown  piece  of  George  III.:  rev,  St  George  and  the 
Dragon,  with  PISTRYOCI  engraved  on  the  ezergae  of  each  side :  dats 
1820. 

(2)  A  gold  pattern  crown  of  Queen  Victoria :  rev.  rose,  shamrock  and 
thistle :  date  1848. 

(3)  A  pair  of  leathern  dress  gloves,  richly  brocaded  abont  the  wrists. 
Having  been  long  in  possession  of  the  Ashby  family,  of  Naseby,  they  are 
said  with  great  probability  to  have  belonged  to  Charles  L ;  certainly  they 
are  good  examples  of  the  fashion  of  his  time. 

(4)  Three  brocaded  pnrses  of  the  same  period. 

((>)  A  pincushion,  with  ribbon  for  suspension,  both  inwoven  continuously 
with  eon  •  blbss.  p  . o  .  and  .  down  .  with  .  thb  .  bvmp. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  A  bronee  figure  of  Mercury  as  Messenger  of  Jove.  He  is  furnished 
with  his  winged  cap  (petants)  and  sandals  (talaria).  In  his  left  hand  is 
the  customary  purse  {erumena)^  and  the  rig^t  hand  holds  a  broken  rod, 
which  when  entire  was  doubtless  a  caduceus.  The  statuette  is  of  Gallo- 
Roman  style,  and  about  two  inches  in  height.  It  was  found  last  summer 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Barton,  near  Cambridge. 

(2)  Two  intaglio  gems,  a  sard  and  an  amethyst,  the  former  giving 
Mercury  at  full  length,  in  a  style  precisely  similar  to  that  of  the  above- 
mentioned  bronze  statuette,  the  latter  showing  his  bust>  wearing  a  tortoise- 
shaped  cap  as '  Parent  of  the  Lyre '. 


Feb.  15, 1875.    The  President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  member  was  elected : 
Rev.  Frederick  George  Scrivener,  Lakenheath  Vicarage. 

Mr  J.  R  Foster  exhibited  a  five-guinea  piece  of  William  and  Maiy ; 
daU  1692. 

Mr  Waoe  exhibited  a  small  glass  bottle,  probably  of  Phoenician  mana- 
facturOL 

Mr  Fawoett  exhibited  a  bronze/ftw/a,  probably  of  Roman  workmanship, 
found  near  Seaton,  in  Northamptonshire. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  Mr  Paddison)  a  looped  wedge  of 
bronze  (2  inches  in  length),  found  recently,  with  several  implements  and 


16 

weapons  of  the  same  material,  at  the  depth  of  two  feet,  by  a  labourer 
making  a  drain  at  Arkesden,  near  Saflfron  Walden.  This  one  has  a  crescent- 
shaped  edge,  and  appears  to  present  (as  suggested  by  Mr  G.  W.  King)  a 
good  illustration  of  Yeigil's  line  {fleorg.  L  144): 

'  Nam  primi  cu7iei9  sdndebant  fissile  lignum.' 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited : 

(1)  Two  fine-edged  flint  implements,  a  hide-scraper  and  a  spear-pointy 
recently  discovered  in  Jutland. 

(2)  Two  terra  cotta  figures  from  the  recent  find  near  Tanagra,  noticed 
at  a  previous  meeting  of  the  Society  (Not.  9,  1874) ;  each  representing  a 
Greek  lad  clothed  in  chiton  (xtr»r),  and  cloak  (xXa/ivr),  and  wearing  the 
broad-brimmed  Macedonian  hat  {Kavaia),  One  is  standing  upright^  and 
measures  seven  inches  in  height;  the  other  is  seated  on  a  rock,  and 
measures  six  inches.  In  each  case  the  countenance  is  carefully  delineated, 
but  both  the  hands  are  concealed  by  the  drapery.  (Both  are  described,  and 
one  figured,  in  the  notice  in  the  Communicati<mM,Y6L  m,  No.  xxix.) 

(3)  A  brass  signet  engraved  with  'the  head  of  John  the  Baptist  in  a 
charger'  (Matth.  xiv.  8),  encircled  by  the  legend  *CAPVT  BAPTIST AB ', 
in  characters  of  the  fourteenth  century.  It  was  found  in  a  coprt)lite  pit 
near  Barnwell,  and  in  all  probability  had  once  belonged  to  one  of  the  Knights 
Hospitallers,  who  are  said  to  have  had  a  house  at  Quy,  and  were  under  the 
patronage  of  St  John  the  Baptist  (This  interesting  relic  has  since  been 
added  to  the  collection  of  antiquities  in  Trinitj  College  Library.) 

March  1, 1875.    No  meeting. 

May  10, 1875.  Mr  Waco  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Pearson  gave  an  account  (derived  from  Professor  Riegel's  memoir 
published  in  the  KuruthaTidwerk)  of  the  famous  onyx,  known  as  the 
Mantuan  Vase,  preserved  in  the  Grand-Ducal  Museum  at  Brunswick, 
where  Mr  Pearson  took  an  opportunity  of  seeing  it  in  January  last! 
(See  Communications^  Vol.  m.  No.  xxx.) 

Mr  Pearson  also  bespoke  the  attention  of  the  meeting  to  the  bronze 
figure  of  a  Hon,  said  to  have  been  erected  by  Henry  the  Lion,  on  his  return 
from  the  crusades  at  the  end  of  the  twelfth  century.  It  stands  on  a  higli 
stone  pedestal,  near  the  cathedral,  in  the  town  of  Brunswidc 

Mr  J.  Carter  read  an  account  of  some   excavations,   apparently  of 
Roman  date,  recently  discovered  at  Fulboum.    (See  Communications 
VoL  ra.  No.  XXXI.)  * 


17 

May  24,  1875.     Thirty-fifth  Annual  General  Meeting.     The 
President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 

George  Murray  Humphry,  Esq.,  MD.,  F.R.S.,  Downing  College,  Professor  of 
Anatomy. 

Thomas  M«Kenny  Hughes,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  Woodwardian  Pro- 
fessor of  Geology. 

Sidney  Colvin,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College,  Slade  Professor  of  Fine  Art 

Edward  Byles  Cowell,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  College,  Professor  of 
Sanskrit. 

Professor  Cowell  read  a  paper  on  the  legend  of  the  Chapman  of  Swaff- 
ham,  in  Norfolk.  (This  paper  was  soon  afterwards  published  in  the  Cam- 
bridge Journal  of  Philology y  Vol.  vi.  pp.  18.9 — 195.  It  will  also  be  found 
in  our  Society  s  Communications,  Vol.  lu,  No.  xxxn.) 

The  President  exhibited,  and  made  remarks  upon,  some  notes  of  the 
Episcopal  Visitation  of  the  Archdeaconry  of  Ely  in  August,  September, 
and  October,  1685,  taken  down  apparently  by  the  Chancellor  of  the  diocese 
and  his  clerk.    (See  Communications^  Vol  lu,  No.  zxxnL) 

The  President  also  read  a  paper  on  the  A  B  C,  as  an  elementary  religious 
school-book,  issued  and  modified  from  time  to  time  by  public  authority  in 
the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries.  (See  Communications,  Vol.  ni, 
No.  XXXIV.) 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  the  Rev.  W.  Tyrwhitt  Drake)  an 
ahnandine  garnet,  engraved  with  wheat-ears  and  poppy-heads  mixed,  in  an 
antique  gold  setting ;  and  also,  thirteen  shekels  of  four  consecutive  years, 
considered  to  be  those  of  the  government  of  Ezra  Both  ring  and  shekels 
were  purchased  in  Palestine  in  the  spring  of  1874,  by  Mr  C.  F.  Tyrwhitt 
Drake ;  and  were  said  to  have  been  found  in  close  proximity,  near  Jericho. 


APPENDIX  A. 

Rbpoet  prxsbnted  to  the  Cambbidgb  Antiquabian  Sooibtt  at  its 

Thi&tt-fifth  Annual  Gknbbal  Mbetino, 

Mat  24,  1875. 

During  the  past  year  five  new  members  have  been  added  to  the  Society. 

It  is  impossible  on  this  occasion  to  pass  over  in  silence  the  death  of 
Professor  Willis,  which  took  place  early  in  the  present  year  (February  28, 
1875).  For  several  years  after  his  first  joining  this  Society  (December  2, 
1842),  our  minute  book  bears  on  almost  every  page  some  mark  of  his 
activity  or  his  influence.    One,  indeed,  of  his  contributions  to  our  earlier 

2 


18 


series  of  Publications,  on  the  Architectural  nomenclature  of  the  middle 
ages,  may  be  said  to  ha?e  fonned  an  epoch  in  architectaral  literatnra  It 
is  now  many  years  smce  he. last  came  among  us,  to  give  aii  account  of  the 
discoveries  at  Lichfield  Cathedral  (December  3,  1860).  But  one  of  the 
chief  works  of  his  life,  the  investigation  of  the  architectural  history  of  our 
University  and  Colleges,  was  so  intimately  connected  with  one  of  the  main 
objects  for  which  our  society  was  founded^  that  our  whole  body,  as  weU  as 
many  individual  members  of  it,  must  feel  the  loss  of  one,  who  did  so  much 
to  inspire  others  with  the  true  spirit  of  archaeological  study.  It  is  a  matter 
of  great  satisfaction  to  learn  that,  though  Professor  Willis  did  not  live  to 
finish  his  Architectural  History,  there  is  every  chance  of  its  seeing  the 
light  without  unnecessary  delay,  with  all  the  advantages  which  the  well- 
known  energy  and  thoroughness  of  his  nephew,  Mr  John  Willis  Clark,  will 
bring  to  the  task. 

Several  additions  have  been  made  to  the  Library,  the  gifts  of  Societies 
in  correspondence  with  our  own. '  But  the  want  of  room  for  the  antiquities, 
which  would  naturally  find  their  way  to  our  Museum,  is  so  pressing,  that 
such  objects  are  now,  for  the  most  part,  allowed  to  pass  into  the  hands  of 
private  collectors.  We  have  no  accessions  to  the  Museum  to  record  this 
year. 

Mr  Luard's  List  qf  Charters  and  Documents  in  the  University  Registry, 
from  1266  to  1544,  and  the  Reports  and  Communications  for  the  seven 
years  ending  May  19, 1873,  are  both  still  in  the  press. 


APPENDIX  B. 

Tbbasurer's  AoooimT  fob  the  Year  ending 
Mat  24,  1875. 


Receipts, 


Subscriptions: 
For  1874 
For  1876 
Life  Member 

In  stamps 

Balance,  May,  1874 


May  24,  1876. 


£,  s,  d. 


3  3 
11  11 
19  19 

0  2 
54  12 


^89     7     3 


Payments, 


Gray,  Bookbinder 
Carriage  . 


Balance,  May  1875 


£.  *.  d, 
0  5  0 
0    10 


.  89    1     3 

j£89    7    3 


Examined  and  found  correct, 

C.  C.  Babinqton,  Auditor, 


19 

APPENDIX  C. 

Council. 

May  24,  1875. 

[Those  marked  *  c<mtinue  members  o/CouncUJiromkut  year,] 

President, 

Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  King's  College,  University  Librarian. 

Treasurer. 
William  Milner  Fawcett^  Esq.,  M.A.,  Jesus  College. 

Secretary, 
Bey.  Samnel  Savage  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christi  Collie. 

Council, 
*Rev.  Henry  Richards  Luard,  B.D.,  Trinity  College,  University  Begistrary. 
♦Frederick  Charles  Wace,  Esq.,  M.A.,  St  John's  Collega 
♦William  Aldis  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  Collie. 
♦Rev.  John  Eyton  Bickersteth  Mayor,  M.A.,  St  John's  College,  Professor 

of  Latin. 
♦Bev.  William  George  Searle,  M.A.,  Queens'  CoUege. 
♦Bev.  Joseph  Bawson  Lumby,  B.D.,  St  Catherine's  College. 
♦Bev.  William  Griffith,  MA.,  St  John's  CoUega 
Charles  Cardale  Babington,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.B.S.,  St  John's  College,  Professor 

of  Botany. 
Bev.  Thomas  Brocklebank,  M.A.,  King's  College. 
Bev.  Walter  William  Skeat»  M.A.,  Christ's  College. 
John  Ebenezer  Foster,  Esq.,  MX,  Trinity  College. 

APPENDIX  D. 

List  of  Pebsektb  dubino  thi  tbab  ending 

Mat  24^  1876. 

Books. 
From  the  Society  qf  Antiquaries  qf  London: 

Proceedings  of  the  Society.    2nd  Series.    Vol.  VL    Pftrts  2,  3.    8vo. 
From  the  Associated  Architectural  Societies  qf  Lincoln,  dc: 

Beports  and  Papers  for  1873.    8vo. 
From  the  Boycd  Historical  and  Archwological  Association  qf  Ireland : 

Journal  of  the  Assodation.    4th  Series.    Vol  in,  Nos.  17^  18.    8vo. 
From  the  Smithsonian  Institution : 

Annual  Beport  of  the  Board  of  B^^nts  for  1872.    8vo. 
From  the  Imperial  Archceologieal  Commission  qfSt  Petersburg: 

Bapport  de  la  Commission.    1869 — 70—71.    4to. 
From  the  University  qf  Chrisiiania  : 

Postola  Sogur. 

Several  Archseologlcal  publications. 

2—2 


20 


1875—1876. 

Nov.  8,  1876.    The  President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 
Rev.  Coutte  Trotter,  MA.,  Trinity  College. 
Heniy  Jackson,  E8q.,M.A.,  Trinity  College. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  Mr  Williams,  of  Broomy  HiU,  Hereford) 
an  oblong  brass  snaff-box,  of  Dutch  manufacture,  dating  probably  from 
about  the  end  of  the  seventeenth  century ;  with  two  engravirgs  on  the 
upper,  and  as  many  on  the  lower  side,  representing  severally  the  Fall  and 
the  Resurrection  on  the  lid,  and  the  Nativity  and  the  Baptism  on  the 
under-side,  each  followed  by  an  appropriate  couplet  in  Dutch.  Around  is 
engraved  '  vbalaat  die  werelt  '  (Forsake  the  world). 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  Mr  Arthur  Deck)  a  much  corroded 
iron  forceps,  found  under  King's  Parade  in  August  1875. 

Mr  Lewis  also  exhibited  an  oval  green  jasper,  probably  of  thirteenth 
century  work,  measuring  2  in.  by  liin.,  and  engraved  with  tiie  scene  of  the 
Fall.    The  serpent  is  represented  with  a  female  head,  laureated  in  token  of 

victory.    In  the  exergue  is  ^^^  reading  backwards. 

Samuel  Birch,  Esq.,  Honorary  LL.D.,  communicated  a  paper  (read  by 
the  Secretary)  on  the  granite  cover  of  the  sarcophagus  of  Rameses  IIL, 
presented  to  the  University  by  Belzoni  in  1823,  and  now  preserved  in.  the 
FitcwiUiam  Museum.  (Some  copies  of  Dr  Birch's  paper,  which  gives  a 
minute  description  of  this  monument,  and  a  summary  of  events  in  the  reign 
of  the  sovereign  commemorated,  were  printed  separately  in  4to.  It  will 
also  be  found  in  the  Society's  CommunicatioM,  YoL  m,  No.  xxxv.) 

Mr  J.  W.  Clark  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society,  and  described,  a 
large  model  in  plaster,  of  the  Medrdsen,  a  circular  tomb  60  feet  in  height 
by  193  feet  in  diameter,  situated  in  Algeria  about  fifty  miles  south  of  Con- 
stantine.    (See  Commtmications,  Vol.  lu,  No.  xzxvl) 

Nov.  22, 1875.     Professor  C.  C.  Babington  in  the  chair. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 
Rev.  John  Batteridge  Peaxson,  B.D.,  Emmanuel  College. 
Thomas  Hack  Naylor,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Mr  G.  P.  Browne  exhibited : 

(1)  Seven  figures  in  ivory,  mostly  Flemish  and  German,  probably  of 
the  sixteenth  and  seventeenUi  centuries,  including  a  medallion  (French), 


21 

showing  on  one  side  a  sainted  archbishop  bearing  models  of  two  churches, 
and  on  the  other  the  Blessed  Virgin  sorroonded  by  seven  stars. 

(2)  A  handle  and  portion  of  a  knife,  foond  in  the  vineyard  of  Schloss 
Heideck  (Lnzern),  which  shows  a  knight  drawing  his  sword,  and  at  his  feet 
a  powder-barrel  in  front  and  a  cannon  behind. 

(3)  A  silver  figore,  cut  from  the  block. 

(4)  Two  silver  reliquaries,  one  cruciform  and  rudely  engraved  with 
figures  of  our  Lord  and  the  Blessed  Virgm;  the  other  oval«  its  contents 
professing  to  be  Ex  Osnbus  B.  Jos.,  a  cup. 

Mr  Naylor  exhibited  a  leaden  impression  of  an  ecclesiastical  seal,  which 
had  probably  been  attached  to  a  lease  or  other  legal  deed.  It  appeared 
to  bear  the  name  of  some  Priory  in  Cambridge,  the  letters  -und-  appearing 
in  the  name  of  the  Saint;  but  the  legend  was  too  much  mutilated  to  be 
easily  dedpherabla 

R  H.  Palmer,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  Lord  Almoner's  Reader  of  Arabic,  was  intro- 
duced to  the  Society,  and  read  a  paper  in  illustration  of  the  crook  noticed 
by  Dr  Birch,  in  his  paper  read  at  the  last  meeting,  as  to  be  seen  in  the 
right  hand  of  Rameses  III.  as  represented  on  the  cover  of  his  sarcophagus 
in  the  Fitzwilliam  MuseuuL  Professor  Palmer  exhibited  and  presented  to 
the  Society  a  specimen,  which  he  described  as  a  mehjdn,  or  camel-stick, 
of  the  desert  Arabs,  made  of  laiiz  harri  or  wild  almond  wood,  and  given 
to  him  by  a  Bedawi  in  the  Tih,  or  Desert  of  the  Wanderings.  (See  Com- 
munieations^  Vol.  ni.  No.  xzxvn.) 

Feb.  21, 1876.     The  President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  the  Rev.  J.  Walker,  Vicar  of  Wood 
Ditton)  two  axes,  a  spur,  a  stirrup,  and  a  lance-head,  all  of  iron,  found  by  a 
workman  engaged  in  levelling  the  Devil's  Dyke  on  Newmarket  Heath  in 
1822.  The  axes  are  probably  of  Saxon  workmanship;  the  other  objects 
considerably  later  in  date.  All  are  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr 
Walker. 

Professor  Hughes  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  an  ivory 
knife-handle,  with  a  human  head  carved  at  one  end,  and  encrusted  with 
shells  (Lympnsea  peregra,  &c.)  at  the  other;  found  recently  in  the  bed  of 
the  Thames,  near  London  Bridge. 

Professor  C.  C.  Babington  exhibited : 

(1)  A  palaeolithic  (?)  flint  axe,  which  he  had  found  last  summer  in  a 
field  on  the  cliff  at  Cromer. 

(2)  The  sketch,  on  clunch,  of  half  of  the  original  east  window  of  the 
Chapel  (date  about  1280)  of  the  Augustinian  Brethren  (the  predecessors  of 
St  John's  College,  in  Cambridge),  which  was  found  employed  as  building 


22 

material  in  the  eaat  wall  of  the  lately  destroyed  chapel  of  St  John's  College. 
It  has  been  figured  and  described  by  Professor  Babington  in  his  History  of 
St  John's  College  Chapel,  p.  13,  pL  iz. 

Mr  Naylor  exhibited  fifteen  tokens,  bearing  portraits  of  kings  and 
princes  from  Harold  to  Charles  I,  recently  fonnd  on  his  own  land  at  Cfae»- 
terton.  They  were  probably  execnted  in  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth 
centoiy, 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited : 

(1)  A  Christian  two-light  bronze  lamp,  8  in.  long  by  5  in.  high,  probably 
of  fifth  century  workmanship,  representing  the  Old  Serpent,  stabbed  in  the 
head  by  a  cruciform  sword,  which  forms  the  handle,  and  is  surmounted  by  a 
doYCi  It  was  found  at  Syracuse  in  1869,  and  is  believed  to  be  nearly  unique 
in  design. 

(2)  A  seated  andro-sphinx  in  terracotta,  6  in.  long,  by  6i  in.  high,  with 
the  body  of  a  lion  and  with  eagles^  wings  erect.  This  interesting  illustration 
of  Hebrew  imagery  and  Greek  legend  dates  firom  about  the  third  century, 
B.O.  It  was  recently  found  in  a  tomb  near  Canosa  (the  hilingue  CanuHum 
of  Horace),  not  far  from  the  tomb  of  Bohemond,  Prince  of  Antioch,  one  of 
the  heroes  of  Tasso. 

(3)  An  intaglio  bust  in  Roman  glass-paste,  probably  of  Prince  Charies 
Edward  (the  *  Young  Pretender  0 ;  and  also  a  bronze  and  a  silver  medal  of 
the  same,  bearing  on  the  obverse  ^  oa&olus  .  wallls  .  p&inobps  ',  and  on 
the  reverse  <amob  .  st  .  spes',  with  the  standing  figure  of  Britannia  on 
the  sea-shore  expectant 

March  6,  1876.    The  President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

Mr  Luard  brought  before  the  Society  a  set  of  the  printed  slips  in  proof, 
containing  the  whole  of  his  List  of  the  charters  and  documents  in  the 
University  Registry  from  1266  to  1544,  which  the  Society  had  agreed  to 
print.  Mr  Luard  gave  some  account  of  the  various  catalogues  which  had 
been  made  of  these  documents  from  time  to  time,  and  also  noticed  certain 
early  letters,  &c.  existing  elsewhere,  but  of  which  no  trace  is  to  be  found  in 
the  University  Registry.  ^The  List,  vrith  a  brief  introduction  by  Mr  Luard, 
will  be  found  printed  in  the  Society's  Communications,  VoL  m,  No. 
xxxviil) 

Mr  J.  W.  Clark  exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society  : 

(1)  A  bronze  axe,  marked  on  both  sides  with  three  double  lines  terr 
minating  at  each  end  in  circles,  found  at  Homingsey  in  November,  1860. 

(2)  Fourteen  shell  implements  from  Barbados  (ten  formed  from  the 
columella,  the  rest  from  the  lip  of  the  strombus  shell),  made  by  the  now 
nearly  extinct  aboriginal  race  of  Charibs.  The  shapes  suggest  the  uses  now 
fulfilled  by  our  hatchet,  adze,  chisel,  knife,  spoon,  &c. 


23 

(3)    A  bronze  stataette  of  antique  Egyptian  work,  five  inches  high, ' 
representing  Isis  seated  and  suckling  the  infant  Horus. 

Professor  Hughes  exhibited  a  coloured  drawing,  and  by  means  of  it 
described  an  amphora  with  pointed  foot,  2  ft.  7i  in.  high,  and  5  fL  8  in. 
in  greatest  diameter,  which  was  found,  at  the  depth  of  a  foot  and  a  half,  last 
January,  at  Haslingfield,  where  the  clay  meets  the  chalk  formation.  From 
the  same  neighbourhood  he  exhibited  also  a  spindle-whorl  of  baked  clay, 
and  a  bronze  .;^^. 

Professor  Oowell  exhibited  (on  behalf  of  the  present  owner,  whose  name 
was  not  mentioned)  a  manuscript  volume  of  the  University  Commissary's 
proceedings,  1599 — 1600.  It  must  have  been  borrowed  for  some  purpose 
from  the  University  Registry,  and  the  borrower  has  failed  to  return  it  to 
its  rightful  keeper. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  a  bronze  statuette,  apparently  of  Spes  Augusta, 
found,  in  the  autumn  of  1875,  at  Grosseto  on  the  coast  of  Tuscany,  and  gave 
a  detailed  description  of  it. 

The  figure  itself  measures  8^  ia  in  height,  bat  with  the  stilts  for  fixing 
it  in  a  pedestal  (from  which  it  must  have  been  separated  very  long  ago,  for 
the  patina  is  uniform  and  continuous)  is  a  little  more  than  10  inches  long, 
or  just  a  Roman  foot.  The  attributes  which  seem  to  justify  the  name— 
Hope — given  to  it,  are  the  attitude  of  the  right  hand,  which  is  stretched 
out  and  holds  a  lotus-flower ;  the  steady  energetic  forward  motion  indicated 
by  the  stride  of  the  legs;  and  the  pose  of  the  left  hand,  which  slightly  lifts 
the  long  robe  (xircoy  n-odi/pi;^),  that  hardly  embarrasses  the  lissome  figure — 
all  three  found  precisely  reproduced  on  the  obverse  of  a  large  brass  coin 
of  Claudius  I.,  which  bears  the  legend  spes  .  avovsta,  of  which  two  various 
examples  were  exhibited.  In  illustration  of  the  subject  Mr  Lewis  quoted 
epigrams  from  the  Greek  Anthology,  in  which  Hope  is  coupled  with 
Fortune  and  vrith  Nemesis  ;  an  intaglio  plasma  in  the  Stosch  collection  now 
at  Berlin,  engraved  with  an  identical  figure;  and  the  great  statue  of  this 
subject  in  the  Villa  Ludovisi  at  Rome,  which  bears  the  inscription 

Q  .  AQVILIVS  DIONVSIVS  ET 

NONIA  FAVSTINA  8PEM  BBS 

TITVERVNT. 

The  severe,  almost  stern,  expression  of  the  countenance  and  whole  figure 
well  corresponds  with  the  fact  that  apes  hnd  spero  (as  IKmsBJudiKmC^  also) 
are  used  for  the  anticipation  of  eml  as  well  as  of  good.  Mr  Lewis  also  called 
attention  to  the  freedom  with  which  the  hair  and  drapery  are  represented 
and  to  the  general  elegance  of  ornamentation,  while  the  stiffness  of  the 
fingers  and  other  limbs  would  prove  a  date  somewhat  earlier  than  the  finebt 
period  of  Greek  Art,  or  from  500  to  450  b.o. 


24 

May  1,  1876.     The  President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

Professor  G.  0.  Babington  gave  a  short  aocoxmt  of  the  ancient  cemetery 
in  the  grounds  of  G.  S.  Gibson,  Esq.,  of  Saffron  Walden.  The  bodies  are 
mostly  laid  side  by  side  with  much  regularity  in  shallow  trenches  in  the 
chalk.  They  are  very  numerous.  A  few  which  seem  much  older  than  the 
others  were  placed  irregularly,  or  even  over  each  other,  as  if  thrown  in 
without  care.  There  are  some  remarkable  holes  amongst  and  even  under 
some  of  them,  which  may  be  the  remains  of  British  hut-circles.  Their  sides  are 
singularly  under-cut.  Ashes  and  rubbish  were  found  in  them  in  consider- 
able quantity.  Probably  this  is  an  Anglo-Saxon  cemetery  placed  over  a 
British  settlement  But  there  is  much  still  to  determine  concerning  it 
before  a  decided  opinion  can  be  formed. 

Professor  Hughes  and  Mr  Marr  exhibited : 

(1)  A  collection  of  flint  flakes  from  Fen  Ditton,  which  they  considered 
to  have  been  made  for  use  as  flakes  or  for  the  manufacture  of  arrow-heads, 
as  many  cores  were  found  with  them. 

(2)  A  number  of  remains  from  pits  occurring  in  the  same  locality. 
These  consisted  of  bones  of  horse,  ox,  sheep  or  goat,  pig,  deer  (7)  and  bird; 
fragments  of  pottery,  most  of  it  apparently  Roman  ;  a  bronze  ring  (Roman) ; 
bits  of  iron ;  a  small  fragment  of  glass ;  shells  of  oyster,  mussel,  ^elk,  and 
Helix  aspersa  and  U.  nemoralis;  charred  wood,  burnt  and  unbumt  stones 
of  local  and  of  distant  origin.  They  considered  these  to  be  refuse  pits  of 
Roman  age.  They  said  they  were  investigating  other  similar  pits  in  the 
neighbourhood,  which  they  hoped  to  describe  on  a  future  occasion. 

Professor  Hughes  exhibited : 

(1)  A  series  of  bronze  and  stone  (neolithic)  implements  from  Brittany. 

(2)  A  collection  of  quartzite  implements  from  Bois  da  Rocher,  La 
Qanterie,  Dinan,  and  in  illustration  of  these  a  series  of  recently  found  flint 
implements  from  St  Acheul. 

(3)  Some  pieces  of  flint  and  chalcedony  from  Camac,  which  appeared 
to  have  been  rudely  dressed. 

In  describing  these  he  gave  reasons  for  beUeving  that  the  menhirt 
ranged  back  to  a  period  considerably  more  remote  than  the  dolment^ 
pointing  out  that  though  dolmens  were  placed  near  or  among  the  menhirs 
they  were  often  out  of  the  principal  lines  of  arrangement;  that  broken 
menhirs  were  used  in  the  building  of  dolmens ;  that  some  of  the  sculptures 
were  made  previous  to  the  placing  of  the  stones  in  the  dolmen,  as,  in  one 
case  at  least,  he  had  observed  that  the  supporting  stone  covered  part  of  the 
engraving  on  the  overlying  stone;  that  some  of  the  menhirs  had  been 
dressed,  e.g,  the  great  broken  menhir  near  the  Dol  er  Marchadourien; 
that  there  was  generally  around  the  base  of  the  menhirs  a  small  talus  due 
to  the  weathering  of  the  surface  of  the  granite,  so  that  had  they  been 


25 

originally  sculptured  the  figures  must  necessarily  have  been  destroyed, 
except  where  covered  up  and  protected;  that  the  instruments  associated 
with  the  dolmens  were  all  highly  finished  neolithic,  while  there  was  little 
evidence  as  to  the  instruments  of  the  time  of  the  menhirs.  On  the 
sculptured  stones  there  were  many  representations  of  implements  of 
neolithic  pattern,  while  others  seemed  ruder.  Implements  of  palsBolithic 
tyx>e  were  said  to  have  been  found  under  a  menhir  near  Saumur.  So 
that  the  evidence  as  far  as  it  went  allowed  the  supposition  that  the 
menhirs  ranged  from  paleeolithic  to  neolithic  times,  but  that  the  dolmens 
were  not  erected  till  well  on  in  the  later  period. 
Professor  Hughes  also  exhibited : 

(1)  A  rare  silver  coin  of  Coenwulf,  King  of  Merda  :  reo,  oba  .  moneta, 
from  Haslingfield. 

(2)  An  illuminated  MS.  Book  of  Hours,  of  French  execution,  dating 
from  the  latter  part  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (on  the  part  of  Mr  Oglesby  of  York)  an  intagho 
medallion  in  paste,  bearing  the  head  of  Jupiter  Ammon,  which  was  said  to 
have  been  found  in  the  year  1873  amongst  Roman  pottery  by  workmen 
engaged  in  clearing  for  the  new  railway  station  at  York. 

May  15,  1876.  Thirty-sixth  Annual  General  Meeting.  The 
President  (Mr  Bradshaw)  in  the  chair. 

Professor  Hughes  and  Mr  Man*  exhibited  a  series  of  remains,  chiefly 
obtained  from  black  earth-pits  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Cambridge.  They 
first  described  those  of  the  gravel  pits  at  Chesterford,  which  are  similar  to 
those  described  at  the  previous  meeting  (May  1, 1876),  both  as  regards  the 
shape  and  size  of  the  pits,  and  the  nature  of  the  contents.  Three  types  of 
black  pottery,  some  made  with  alluvial  clay  containing  shells,  and  several 
types  of  red  ware,  including  Samian,  were  obtained  from  these  pits ;  also 
bones  of  ox,  horse,  pig,  sheep  or  goat ;  shells  of  oyster,  mussel  and  whelk ; 
charred  wood,  burnt  flints,  and  various  kinds  of  stone  foreign  to  the  neigh- 
bourhood, and  sometimes  dressed  into  slabs,  the  whole  being  confusedly 
mixed  together. 

A  similar  series  was  exhibited  from  pits  exposed  during  the  working 
for  phosphatic  nodules  between  the  Observatory  and  the  Cemetery,  where, 
however,  they  stated  that  the  pits  had  not  yielded  such  a  variety  as  at 
Chesterford  or  Fen  Ditton,  although  the  surface  soil  abounds  in  remains  of 
all  ages  from  Elizabethan  tobacco-pipes  to  Roman  coins. 

They  stated  that  there  were  similar  pits  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Hajsh 
lingfield,  and  exhibited  three  Roman  vessels  and  a  Saxon  spear-head  from 
that  neighbourhood,  although  these  were  not  dug  out  of  the  black  earth- 
pits. 

They  observed  that  although  remains  of  all  ages  had  been  found  in  the 
surface  soil  round  the  pits,  yet  in  the  localities  which  they  had  hitherto 
explored,  the  contents  of  the  pits  themselves  were  exclusively  Roman* 


Professor  Hughes  commiinicated  the  results  of  an  exploration  of  three 
tumnli  on  the  property  of  I.  H.  Wilkinson,  Esq.,  of  Upper  Hare  Park. 

In  the  first,  in  a  grave  sunk  about  5  ft.  into  the  chalk,  over  which  was 
an  earth-mound  now  some  2  ft.  above  the  original  surface  soil,  portions  of  a 
human  skeleton  were  discovered,  and  on  it  a  very  fine  gold-hud  and 
jewelled  bronze  ornament  probably  of  Saxon  age. 

In  the  second  tumulus  scattered  (Romano-British  ?)  pottery  and  frag- 
ments of  human  bones  were  picked  out  of  the  disturbed  earth.  Two 
graves  similar  to  that  in  the  first  tumulus  were  discovered,  in  one  oi  which, 
in  the  chalk-rubble  at  the  bottom,  four  antlers  of  red  deer  were  found. 
One  of  these  had  a  portion  of  the  skull  attached,  the  other  three  had  been 
shed.  Above  the  antlers  were  portions  of  two  human  skeletons:  the  only 
skull  sufficiently  preserved  for  examination  seemed  to  belong  to  the 
dolichocephalic  type.  The  tumulus  was  circular,  about  twenty-five  yards  in 
diameter. 

In  the  third  tumulus  three  pre-Roman  sepulchral  urns  containing 
charred  bones  rested  on  burnt  earth  and  stones  and  charred  wood.  A  few 
bones  of  ox,  horse,  &&,  a  rude  flint  arrow-head,  and  some  flakes,  were  found 
in  the  earth. 

Professor  Hughes  explained  the  mode  of  formation  of  other  and  natural 
mounds  of  which  there  were  several  examples  in  the  neighbourhood^  and 
which  outwardly  exactly  resembled  the  artificial  tumuli  These  were  the 
heads  of  sand  and  gravel  J9t/7e«,  all  around  which  the  chalk  had  been  lowered 
by  the  chemical  action  of  the  acidulated  rain  water,  while,  owing  to  the 
porous  character  Of  the  soil,  no  runlets  could  be  formed  sufficient  to  carry 
away  the  sand  and  gravel  at  the  same  rate  as  the  decomposed  chalk. 

Professor  Hughes  exhibited  a  series  of  remains  obtained  during  explora- 
tions carried  on  with  CoL  Lane  Fox  at  Cissbury  near  Worthing,  referring  to 
Journ,  AfUh.  Inst,,  Vol.  T,  p.  367;  and,  for  comparison,  a  number  of 
wrought  fliuts  which  he  had  found  near  Grime's  Graves,  referring  to 
Greenwell,  Journ,  Ethn.  Soc,  Vol.  ii,  p.  419. 

Mr  G.  F.  Browne  c(Hnmunicated  some  notes  respecting  three  houses  at 
the  beginning  of  Trumpington  Street,  all  now  swept  away :  (1)  Hobson's 
house ;  (2)  the  White  Horse  (nicknamed  '  Germany  *  from  its  being  the 
place  where  the  early  reformers  met  in  secret) ;  and  (3)  the  late  Mr  Cory's 
house.    (See  Communications,  Vol  iii.  No.  xxxix.) 

Mr  Se'arle  exhibited  a  string  of  Saxon  beads  (twenty-seven  of  amber 
and  one  of  glass),  and  two  bronze  round  ornaments,  probably  for  harness. 
They  were  found  by  Mr  Roads  in  ono  of  his  fields  at  Foxton,  in  this  county, 
and  by  him  kindly  presented  (through  the  Rev.  £.  W.  Cory)  to  the 
Society. 


27 

Mr  Lewis  exhibited  (by  favour  of  ihe  owner,  Mr  Olark,  Fellow  of 
Queens'  College)  a  small  round  iongaeless  aiyer  Jibida,  bearing  the  engrayed 
legend  iesy  itaza&bni  in  letters  of  Norman  character. 

The  Secretary  read  the  Annnal  Report  of  the  Council  to  the  Society 
(seepages). 

The  Treasurer  submitted  his  statement  of  the  year's  accounts  (see 
page  6). 

The  new  Officers  and  other  members  of  Council  were  elected  (see 
page  6). 

N.6.  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  memorial  recently  submitted  to 
the  Council  of  the  Senate  by  thirteen  members  of  the  Cambridge  Antiquarian 
Society,  as  mentioned  above  in  the  Annual  Report  (see  page  4) : 

May  11, 1876. 
The  undersigned  Membersof  the  Senate  beg  leave  to  call  the  attention 
of  the  Council  to  the  importance  of  the  objects  of  local  and  general 
archaeology  which  e^ist  in  Cambridge,  and  to  suggest  that  the  time  has 
arrived  when  such  objects  ought  to  be  arranged  and  exhibited  in  an  appro- 
priate University  building. 

A  very  considerable  collection,  the  property  of  the  Cambridge  Anti- 
quarian Society,  is  at  present  distributed,  for  want  of  other  accommodation, 
between  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum,  the  University  Library,  and  the  rooms  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Society.  Thus  distributed,  the  collection  is  scarcely 
available  for  study ;  while  at  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum,  the  space  which  a 
part  of  it  occupies  is  required  for  other  purposes. 

The  following  resolution  of  the  Council  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  was 
conveyed  last  year  to  the  Vice-chancellor  in  a  letter  addressed  to  him  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  Society,  and  published  as  "deserving  attention" 
by  the  Buildings  Syndicate  in  their  Report  dated  June  3, 1875 :— "  That  it 
"  is  highly  desirable  tiiat  prompt  measures  should  be  taken  for  securing 
"  and  exhibiting  the  antiquities  found  from  time  to  time  in  the  neighbour- 
"  hood  of  Cambridge,  which  have  hitherto  for  the  most  part  been  dispersed, 
*^  owing  to  the  lack  of  any  central  room  in  which  they  might  be  stored 
''  and  exhibited  in  a  clear  and  instructive  manner ;  and  flirther,  that  the 
''  Vice-chancellor  be  respectfully  requested  to  bring  this  urgent  need  under 
"  the  notice  of  any  Syndicate  now  sitting  which  could  take  cognizance  of 
"  it,  and  of  the  Council  of  the  University,  if  it  seem  good  to  him  to  do  so." 
In  support  of  this  resolution,  the  Secretary  of  the  Antiquarian  Society 
pleaded  further,  and  the  plea  still  holds  good,  that  the  special  facilities  for 
acquisitions  of  this  class,  arising  from  the  operations  of  the  coprolite-diggers^ 
ought  to  be  turned  to  account  while  they  last;  and  added,  that  he  was 
authorized  to  express  the  willingness  of  the  Society  to  present  its  collections 


28 

to  the  University,  if  the  Uniyeraity  wonld  provide  room  in  which  to  place 
and  exhibit  them. 

This  arrangement  seems  very  desirabla  The  collections  thus  presented 
by  the  Antiquarian  Society,  once  properly  housed  and  exhibited,  would  be 
increased  by  donations  and  other  additions,  and  the  University  would  soon 
become  possessed  of  a  worthy  collection  of  local  and  general  antiquities, 
prse-historic,  primitive,  and  medifleval,  as  distinct  from  the  collections  of 
Fine  Art  proper  which  have  their  place  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum.  The 
advantage  and  importance  of  this  for  historical  aud  other  students  can 
hardly  be  overrated. 

In  the  opinion  of  the  undersigned,  an  opportunity  of  meeting  the  want 
which  they  point  out  has  arisen. in  connexion  with  tiie  New  Divinity  Schools 
to  be  built  opposite  St  John's  Collega  The  site  being  somewhat  larger 
than  is  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  the  Schools,  the  architects  invited  to 
competition  have  been  instructed  to  include  in  their  designs  supplementary 
buildings  to  be  erected  later.  According  to  the  views  of  the  Buildings 
Syndicate,  these  supplementary  buildings  are  destined  to  comprise  class- 
rooms for  literary  Professors  not  at  present  accommodated  in  any  Univer- 
sity building.  The  undersigned  beg  to  submit  that  the  needs  of  the 
literary  Professors  might  be  satisfied  in  combination  with  the  other 
special  need  which  is  the  object  of  the  present  memorial,  and  that  the 
space  might  be  apportioned  between  class-rooms  and  rooms  suitable  for 
storing  and  exhibiting  the  archsBological  collections ;  or  the  same  rooms 
might  serve  both  purposes  The  fact  of  the  supplementary  buildings  being 
destined  to  this  additional  and  important  use,  would  furnish  a  new  reason 
for  proceeding  with  them  as  soon  as  possible. 

The  undersigned  therefore  venture  to  urge  that  accommodation  be  pro- 
vided for  the  collections  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  in  the  buildings  supple- 
mentary to  the  New  Divinity  Schools,  and  to  hope  that  their  representation 
may  be  brought  under  the  notice  of  the  Divinity  Schools  Syndicate,  and 
in  due  time,  if  the  Council  think  proper,  of  the  Senate. 

(Signed)       EDWIN  GUEST.  BDW.  B.  COWELL. 

G.  M.  HUMPHRY.  H.  R.  LUARD. 
CHURCHILL  BABINGTON.      HENRY  BRADSHAW. 

C.  C.  BABINGTON.  T.  G.  BONNEY. 

JOHN  B.  B.  MAYOR.  J.  W.  CLARK. 

T.  McK.  HUGHES.  S.  S.  LBWI& 
SIDNEY  COLVIN. 


LAWS. 

I.  That  the  Society  be  for  the  encouragement  of  the  study 
of  History,  Architecture,  and  Antiquities;  and  that  such  Society 
be  called  "  The  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society/' 

n.  That  the  object  of  the  Society  be  to  collect  and  to  print 
information  relative  to  the  above-mentioned  subjects. 

III.  That  the  subscription  of  each  Member  of  the  Society 
be  One  Ouinea  annually;  such  subscription  to  be  due  on  the 
first  day  of  January  in  each  year :  on  tne  payment  of  which  he 
shall  become  entitled  to  all  the  Publications  of  the  Society,  during 
the  current  year. 

IV.  That  any  person  who  is  desirous  of  becoming  a  Member 
of  the  Society,  be  proposed  by  two  Membera,  at  any  of  the 
ordinary  Meetings  of  the  Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next 
Meeting:  but  sJl  Noblemen,  Bishops,  and  Heads  of  Colleges 
shall  be  balloted  for  at  the  Meeting  at  which  they  are  proposed. 

V.  That  the  management  of  the  affairs  of  the  Society  be 
vested  in  a  Council,  consisting  of  a  President  (who  shall  not  be 
eligible  for  that  office  for  more  than  two  successive  years),  a 
Treasurer,  a  Secretary,  and  not  more  than  twelve  nor  less  than 
seven  other  Members,  to  be  elected  from  amongst  the  Members 
of  the  Society  who  are  graduates  of  the  University.  Each  Mem- 
ber of  the  Council  shall  have  due  notice  of  the  Meetings  of  that 
body,  at  which  not  less  than  five  shall  constitute  a  quorum, 

VI.  That  the  President,  Treasurer,  and  Secretary,  and  at 
least  three  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council,  shall  be  elected 
annually  by  ballot,  at  a  General  Meeting  to  be  held  in  the  month 
of  May ;  the'  three  senior  ordinary  Members  of  the  Council  to 
retire  annually. 

VII.  That  no  Member  be  entitled  to  vote  at  any  General 
Meeting  whose  subscription  is  in  arrear. 

VIII.  That,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  the  Council  at 
their  Meetings  shall  elect  a  Chairman,  such  Chairman  having  a 
casting-vote  in  case  of  equality  of  numbers,  and  retaining  also  nis 
right  to  vote  upon  all  questions  submitted  to  the  Council. 


30 

IX.  That  the  accounts  of  the  receipts  and  expenditure  of 
the  Society  be  audited  annually  by  two  auditors,  to  be  elected  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting;  and  that  an  abstract  of  such 
accounts  be  printed  for  the  use  of  the  Members. 

X.  That  the  object  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the  Society  be, 
to  read  communications,  acknowledge  presents,  and  transact 
miscellaneous  business. 

XI.  That  the  Meetings  of  the  Society  take  place  once  at 
least  during  each  term :  and  that  the  place  of  meeting  and  all  other 
arrangements  not  specified  in  the  Laws,  be  left  to  the  discretion 
of  the  CounciL 

XII.  That  any  Member  be  allowed  to  compound  for  his 
future  subscriptions  by  one  payment  of  Ten  Guineas, 

XIII.  That  Members  of  the  Society  be  allowed  to  propose 
Honorary  Members,  provided  that  no  person  so  proposed  be  either 
resident  within  the  County  of  Cambridge,  or  a  member  of  the 
University. 

XIV.  That  Honorary  Members  be  proposed  by  at  least  two 
Members  of  the  Society,  at  any  of  the  usual  Meetings  of  the 
Society,  and  balloted  for  at  the  next  Meeting. 

XV.  That  nothing  shall  be  published  by  the  Society,  which 
has  not  been  previously  approved  by  the  Council,  nor  without  the 
author's  name  being  appended  to  it. 

XVI.  That  no  alteration  be  made  in  these  Laws,  except  at 
the  Annual  General  Meeting  or  at  a  Special  General  Meeting 
called  for  that  pui-pose,  of  which  at  least  one  week's  notice  shall 
be  given  to  all  the  Members ;  and  that  one  month's  notice  of 
any  proposed  alteration  be  communicated,  in  writing,  to  the 
Secretary,  in  order  that  he  may  make  the  same  known  to  all  the 
Members  of  the  Society. 


It  is  requested  that  aU  Communications  intended  for  the 
Society,  and  the  names  of  Candidates  for  admission,  be  for- 
warded to  the  Secretary,  or  to  the  Treasurer. 

Subscriptions  received  by  the  Treasurer,  or  by  his  Bankers^ 
Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cambridge ;  or  at  the  Bank  of  Messrs 
Smith,  Payne,  and  Smith,  London,  ''To  the  Cambridge  Anti- 
quarian Society's  account  with  Messrs  Mortlock  and  Co.,  Cam- 
bridge." 


CAMBEIDGE    ANTIQUARIAN 
COMMUNICATIONS, 


BEINO 


PAPERS    PRESENTED    AT    THE    MEETINGS 


OF  THE 


Camlinlifie  Antiquarian   ^ocietp. 


No.  XVIII. 

BEING  THE  FOURTH  AND  CONCLUDING  NUMBER  OF  THE 
THIRD  VOLUME. 

1873—1876. 


CAMBRIDGE: 

FBnrrsD  bt  o.  j.  olat,  m.a. 
AT  THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS. 


1LDCCC.LXXIX. 


CONTENTS. 


1873—1874. 

PAOB 

XXYHI.  Notes  on  Gharib  Implements  in  Barbados  and  the  neighbonring 
(West  Indian)  Islands.  Gommmiicated  by  the  Bev.  William 
GBIV7ITH,  M.A.,  St  John's  College 295 

1874—1876. 

XXTX.     On  three  Statuettes  fonnd  at  Tanagra.    Communicated  by  the 

Bey.  S.  S.  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christ!  College     •        .        .    803 

XXX.  On  the  Ancient  Onyx  known  as  the  *  Hantaan  Vase  *,  in  the 
Grand-Ducal  Museum  at  Brunswick.  Communicated  by  the 
Bey.  John  B.  Peabson,  B.D.,  Emmanuel  College  .        .        ,    807 

XXXT.     On  some  Ezoayations,  apparently  of  Boman  date,  recently  dis- 

ooyered  at  Fulboum.   Communicated  by  Jambs  Cabteb,  Esq.    813 
XXXTT.    On  the  Legend  of  the  Chapman  of  SwafQiam,  in  Norfolk.   Com- 
municated by  E.  B.  CowBLL,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  Professor  of  Sanskrit    817 
XXXTTT.   Notes  of  the  Episcopal  Visitation  of  the  Archdeaconry  of  Ely 
in  1685.    Communicated  by  Hbnbt  Bbadbbaw,  Esq.,  M.A., 

Uniyersity  Librarian 823 

XXXIY.  On  the  ABC  as  an  authorised  School-book  in  the  Sixteenth 
Century.  Communicated  by  Hbmby  Bbadbhaw,  Esq.,  MA., 
Uniyersity  Librarian 363 

1875—1876. 
XXXV.    On  the  Coyer  of  the  Sarcophagus  of  Bameses  in.  now  in  the 
FitzwiUiam  Museum.      Communicated  by  Samubl  Bibch, 

Esq.,  LL.D. 871 

XXXYI.    A  Description  of  the  Medrisen,  in  Algeria.     Communicated  by 

J.  W.  Clabk,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College       ....    879 
XXXVn.  On  the  Crook  in  the  right  hand  of  the  figure  of  Bameses  m. 
on  the  coyer  of  his  Sarcophagus  now  in  the  FitzwiUiam 
Museum.     Communicated  by  E.  H.  Palmes,  Esq.,  M.A., 

Lord  Almoner's  Beader  of  Arabic 383 

XXXYIII.  A  List  of  the  Documents  in  the  Uniyersity  Begistry,  from  the 

year  1266  to  the  year  1544.      Communicated  by  the  Bey. 

H.  B.  Luabd,  B.D.,  Uniyersity  Begistrary      ....    885 

XXXIX.    Notes  on  Hobson's  House,  the  White  Horse,  and  the  late 

Mr  Cory's  House.   Communicated  by  the  Bey.  G.  F.  Bbownb, 

St  Catharine's  College 405 

Index  to  Communications,  Vol.  in. 410 

Title  and  Contents  to  Communications,  YoL  in. 


XXVIII.    Notes  ^  on    Charts    implements  in  Bar- 
bados    AND     THE     NEIGHBOURING     (WeST      InDIAN) 

Islands.     Communicated  by  the  Bev.  William 
Griffith,  M.A.,  St  John's  College. 


[November  24,  1873.] 


A  GREAT  variety  of  types  and  a  large  number  of  some  types 
of  Indian  hatchets,  chisels,  &c.,  are  found  in  the  West  Indian 
Islands  and  on  the  mainland  frequented  by  the  Charib  Indians. 
These  Charibs  are  extinct  in  most  of  the  islands ;  but  a  settle* 
ment  of  them  remains  on  the  Windward  coast  of  St  Vincent,  in 
the  Charib  Territory  north  of  River  Byera  (ceded  to  them  in 
1660).  Many  fierce  fights  occurred  between  the  English  troops 
and  the  Charibs  reinforced  by  others  from  St  Lucia.  Such 
places  as  "Bloody  Bridge"  and  " Qod-save-the-King  Bridge," 
evidence  the  struggles  which  have  taken  place.  Near  War- 
ranarou,  on  Jan.  6,  in  company  of  the  Bev.  0.  M.  D.  Frederick, 
I  saw  a  party  of  nearly  pure  Charibs  engaged  in  grating  and 
washing  the  cassiva  root  to  obtain  Xhefiirine. 

They  are  somewhat  copper-coloured  (a  pale  yellow  Dutch 
cheese  is  perhaps  the  best  comparison),  round-fS^ced,  flat- 
featured,  oblique-eyed,  and  have  long  black  hair.  They  are 
thus  entirely  distinct  from  the  Negro.    In  former  days  their 

^  These  notes  were  compiled  during  a  residence  from  October  2, 1872| 
to  July  2, 1873.  A  large  collection  of  the  implements  here  described  was 
exhibited  to  the  Society  when  this  communication  was  read. 

21 


296 

heads  were  flattened,  while  children,  by  a  board  tightly  pressed 
on  them. 

Two  peculiarities  may  be  noticed.  They  are  buried  sitting 
crouched  up.  The  language,  which  is  fast  dying  out,  is  full  of 
repetitions  (e.g.  Warra-warrou),  and  is  in  part  at  least  different 
for  the  two  sexes.  ''What  is  the  Charib  for  rain?"  asked 
Mr  F.  "  If  a  man  was  talking  it  is  .  .  .  ;  if  a  woman,  • 
.  .  .  ;  if  she  used  the  man's  word  they  would  laugh  at  it." 
The  following  (proper  names  of  places)  will  give  an  idea  of  the 
language — Calliaqua,  Macariacaw,  Massaricaw,  Rabacaw — Cama- 
caribou,  Warranarou,  Wallibou,  Layou,  Bayabou.  The  Charibs 
and  negroes  may  still  be  seen  building  their  canoes,  cutting 
down  the  trees,  burning  and  chopping  them  hollow,  forcing 
them  open  by  transverse  logs  wedged  in ;  and  now  building  up 
the  gunwales  with  boarda  The  bow  and  stem  are  ultimately 
cut  open  and  a  piece  of  wood  inserted  with  the  grain  vertical, 
so  as  to  stand  the  necessary  strain.  The  "dug-outs"  or  "pi- 
rogues" thus  made  are  largely  used  in  6t  Vincent  and  St 
Lucia.    One  I  saw  in  course  of  making  was  25  ft.  long. 

St  Vincent  and  St  Lucia  being  volcanic  islands,  hard  stone 
is  found,  of  which  the  necessary  implements  for  boat-building, 
digging,  and  other  purposes,  could  be  made.  They  vary  in 
substance)  form,  size,  and  finish.  Some  are  as  carefully  worked 
2is  others  are  carelessly.  Of  those  I  obtained  in  these  islands 
all,  with  the  exception  of  one,  have  more  or  less  of  "  ears  "  to 
enable  them  to  be  fixed  to  the  handle. 

It  would  be  of  interest  to  ascertain,  in  any  caae  in  which  the 
stone  used  is  not  found  in  the  island,  where  it  could  have  been 
brought  from.  This  would  be  especially  easy  and  useful  in  the 
case  of  the  stone  hatchets  found  in  Barbados. 

The  greater  part  of  this  island  is  of  coral,  and  although 
the  northern  part,  "Scotland,"  is  certainly  volcanic,  stone  for 
hatchets  must  be  very  rare  in  the  island.  In  case  there  is  no 
formation  suitable  for  the  purpose,  a  few  pebbles  might  pro- 


297 

bably  be  picked  up  on  the  beach,  such  as  some  I  found  near 
Bird  River  in  St  Michaels  Parish,  where  a  large  cavern, possibly 
Charib,  occurs. 

Among  the  collection  of  implements,  two  stone  ones  only 
were  obtained  in  Barbados.  The  larger  one  was  picked  up  by  a 
boy  near  Codrington  College,  and  is  much  damaged.  The 
smaller  one,  of  jade,  was  picked  up  about  three  years  ago  by 
Alexander  M'CoUins  on  the  beach  at  Bath  Estate.  Its  hardness 
is  shown  by  its  perfect  surface  and  edge,  and  by  the  fact  that  he 
was  accustomed  to  use  it  to  scratch  glass,  which  it  did  sufiS- 
ciently  well  to  enable  him  to  cut  glass  to  measure.  Neither  of 
these  have  any  **  ears." 

The  majority  of  stone  implements  found  in  Barbados,  so  I 
was  informed,  were  of  this  green  jade.  But  even  Mr  Rawson, 
the  Qovemor,  who  has  large  collections  of  shells,  &c.,  and  many 
means  of  collecting,  has  only  six  or  seven. 

In  default  of  stone  for  their  implements,  the  native  Charibs 
in  Barbados  were  driven  to  use  the  next  best  material,  shell. 
This  was  usually  the  central  spire  or  the  spreading  undulating 
lip  of  the  queen  conch,  either  in  its  natural  or  fossilised  state. 
One  very  small  one  exhibited  may  be  of  bone. 

Some  of  them  seem  clearly  made  of  "living"  shells,  fresh 
from  the  sea.  Others  certainly  of  shells  long  dead,  for  the 
serpula3  and  other  worms  have  bored  into  them  deeply.  Nearly 
all,  with  the  exception  of  those  most  distinctly  made  of  fossil 
shells,  show  signs  of  weathering  and  surface  change,  owing  to 
their  exposure  to  air  and  water.  Their  position  when  found, 
viz.  in  the  earth,  in  the  mud  of  ponds,  or  on  the  sea  beach, 
shows  what  influences  they  have  suffered  from. 

They  appear  all  to  have  been  made  by  grinding  them  down, 
either  on  a  stone  or  on  each  other  (which  would  have  a  double 
effect),  sand  and  water  being  probably  used  in  each  case.  In 
each  case  where  this  has  been -done  far  enough  to  produce  the 
desired  edge,  without  entirely  cutting  away  the  natural  curves 

21—2 


298 

of  the  shell,  it  is  easy  to  recognise  by  their  means  the  part  of 
the  shell  from  which  it  was  derived.  It  has,  however,  been 
suggested  to  me,  and  the  suggestion  seems  a  good  one,  that  as 
the  first  edge  was  worn  away,  a  fresh  one  was  given  by  its 
being  further  ground  down ;  the  result  would  be,  what  we  do 
observe  in  them,  viz.  the  distinctive  marks  are  in  some  per- 
fectly clear,  in  others  partly  destroyed,  and  in  others  again 
entirely  so,  the  surfaces  and  outlines  being  even  and  unmarked 
by  any  of  the  natural  outlines  of  the  shell 

Supposing  this  theory  correct,  the  idea  of  a  black  man — 
Moses  O'Daniell,  son  of  the  schoolmistress  at  Society — who  has 
been  now  some  time  resident  in  NevLs,  is  not  altogether  wrong. 
"  The  spoon-shaped  ones,"  he  said  to  me,  '^  are  not  finished ; 
the  hollow  needs  cutting  right  out."  He  mentioned  having 
picked  up  only  one  stone  implement  (a  green  one)  in  the  island 
of  Nevis  in  sixteen  years*  stay  there.  This  suggests  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  whole  series  of  shell  implements  in  two  classes, 
according  to  the  part  of  the  shell  from  which  they  were  made, 
and  in  order  in  each  class  according  to  the  amount  of  work 
bestowed  on  them  to  bring  them  to  their  present  state.  Pro- 
bably most  of  those  which  in  their  outline  and  surface  have  lost 
all  marks,  can  with  some  care  be  properly  classified  by  carefully 
noting  the  grain  of  the  shell.  The  time  and  labour  needing  to 
be  thus  bestowed  would  be  very  great,  though  not  so  large  in 
the  case  of  the  natural  shells  as  in  that  of  the  fossils ;  or  of 
these  again  compared  with  the  stone.  An  incident  related  to 
me  at  Layou,  in  St  Vincent,  shows  how  ready  they  would  be  to 
use  the  necessary  time.  A  Hindu  coolie  on  an  estate  there 
wanted  a  needle.  Instead  of  going  to  the  store  and  buying  one 
ready  made,  he  got  a  piece  of  thick  iron  wire,  and,  after  a  week's 
patient  work  on  a  stone,  obtained  his  desired  needle.  How  well 
finished  some  of  their  work  was  we  can  see  by  several  of  the 
specimens  exhibited.  The  variety  of  forms  is  great.  Thus,  we 
find  the   edge   curved  or  straight,  bevelled  or  wedge-shaped, 


299 

rectangular  or  oblique.  The  sides  are  of  their  natural  shape, 
or  as  carefully  ground  down  and  narrowed  as  the  edges.  The 
tops  are  carefully  pointed  or  rough  (apparently  fractured), 
square  or  retaining  the  natural  curve  of  the  shell — a  curve 
which  fits  the  hand  with  remarkable  ease.  In  one  case,  for 
certain,  the  tool  has  an  edge  at  both  ends,  another  example  of 
which  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  W.  T.  Webb,  Principal  of 
Codrington  College.  No  doubt  those  made  by  different  work- 
men would  show  slightly  differing  types.  The  hollow  in  some 
cases  is  most  carefully  preserved,  in  others  it  is  ground  down  at 
the  end  to  a  knife  edge.  These  shapes,  among  other  uses,  sug- 
gest those  now  fulfilled  by  our  hatchet,  adze,  chisel,  gouge, 
knife,  and  spoon,  and  possibly  drill.  For  weapons — spears, 
arrows,  daggers,  &c. — they  do  not  seem  so  much  adapted. 

The  present  state  of  the  edges  and  tools  generally  is  de- 
serving of  notice.  They  are  in  some  instances  so  bruised  and 
blunted  as  to  need  a  fresh  edge  being  given  them,  as  is 
suggested  above.  Of  the  three  spoons,  two  are  evidently  broken 
off,  while  one  is  whole.  Mr  W.  A.  Culpeper,  Master  of  the 
Middle  School,  Christ  Church,  who  has  studied  them  for  several 
years,  says  that  he  has  invarwhly  found  these  broken.  His 
suggestion  is  that  they  were  looked  on  as  peculiarly  the  pro- 
perty of  their  owner,  and  were  snapped  at  his  death.  If  so,  the 
unbroken  specimen  (unique  to  his  knowledge)  must  have  been 
lost,  or  its  owner  must  have  died  unknown  (as,  for  instance,  on 
the  coast  in  a  storm),  with  it  in  his  possession.  The  method  of 
using  them  miist  have  varied  with  their  form.  Those  (of  stone) 
with  "  ears  "  evidently  were  intended  to  have  handles  tied  on,  as 
may  be  seen  in  modern  South  Sea  Island  weapons  Those  with 
the  curved  ends  seem  only  fitted  for  holding  in  the  hand,  in 
which  way  some  of  the  others  were  also  probably  used.  In  the 
case  of  the  smallest,  the  fingers  would  grasp  them.  The  larger 
number  may  have  been  used  with  a  heavy  stone  as  mallet,  the 
top  of  the  tool  possibly  being  guarded  by  being  inserted  in  a 


300 

hole  in  a  stick,  so  that  the  stick  should  be  directly  struck  and 
not  the  shell.  This  is  merely  my  own  suggestion.  Though 
those  made  from  fresh  shells,  at  all  events,  are  not  very  hard, 
these  would  be  useful  in  cutting  wood  (in  many  cases  previously 
charred) ;  in  hollowing  out  the  soft  rock  into  caverns,  of  which 
several  now  exist  with  tool-marks  on  the  walls ;  in  cutting  flesh 
or  fibrous  materials,  and  other  such  purposes.  The  coral  rock 
of  which  the  major  part  of  the  island  is  formed  is  very  soft,  but 
hardens  when  exposed  to  the  air. 

The  popular  name  among  all  classes  for  stone  and  for  shell 
tools  is  "  thunderbolts,"  as  their  cutting  edge  is  commonly  sup- 
posed to  enable  them  to  cleave  the  air  in  their  fall  to  the  earth 
in  thunderstorms. 

In  one  case,  I  heard  of  such  quantities  being  found  that 
they  were  used  to  mend  the  roads.  As  to  roads,  it  may  be 
mentioned  that  they  are  so  good,  beiug  cut  in  the  rock  which 
then  hardens,  that  people  from  other  islands  say  that,  whereas 
they  are  always  trying  to  make  bad  roads  good  by  mending, 
the  Barbadians  are  always  making  good  roads  bad. 

They  are  found  specially  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the 
springs,  which  are  met  with  "under  the  clifiF,"  at  intervals. 
These  afford  the  only  fresh  water  in  the  island,  and  would 
naturally  be  the  sites  for  Charib  villages,  as  now  for  choice 
estates.  The  College  springs,  which  now  supply  in  good  part 
Bridgetown,  fourteen  miles  off,  rise  in  a  little  depression,  now 
cleared  out  into  a  small  piece  of  ornamental  water.  In  removing 
the  thick  stratum  of  mud  from  this,  many  of  the  shell  imple- 
ments were  found  last  year,  and  doubtless  again  this  year. 
Along  with  them  were  found  conch,  clam,  and  other  shells,  of 
which  a  few  are  exhibited,  the  contents  of  which  were  doubtless 
eaten  by  the  Charibs.  As  the  mud  is  of  great  value  for  manure, 
and  is  carted  away  on  to  the  neighbouring  estates  of  College, 
Society,  Palmer's,  &c.,  specimens  from  this  spot  will  be  picked 
up  for  some  years  to  come  in  the  neighbourhood. 


301 

Similar  but  smaller  springs  occur  at  the  Bath  Estate,  whence 
several  of  the  specimens  come. 

The  other  locality  is  the  beach,  where  no  doubt  the  Charibs 
spent  much  of  their  time  fishing,  &c.  Many  tools  were  picked 
up  by  Rev.  G.  J.  Chester  at  Consett's  Bay,  below  the  College, 
half  a  mile  distant.  This  place  I  was  told  by  Mr  Culpeper 
was  the  best  locality  for  the  "  spoons." 

Note.  At  a  subsequent  meeting  of  the  Society  Mr  Griffith 
read  a  letter  from  Mr  Hawtayne,  acting  Colonial  Secretary  of 
St  Vincent  (W.  L),  criticising  his  previous  communication  upon 
Charib  antiquities  to  the  following  effect :  The  Yellow  Charibs, 
the  aborigines,  did  not  flatten  the  heads  of  their  children,  as 
did  the  Black  Charibs,  who  are  said  to  be  the  offspring  of 
marriages  between  the  first-mentioned  race  and  a  shipwrecked 
cargo  of  slaves  from  AMca.  The  Charib  prisoners  deported 
from  St  Vincent  in  1795  to  Balliceaux,  a  small  neighbouring 
island,  were  buried  by  the  sea- shore,  but  apparently  not  in  a 
sitting  posture.  Fragments  of  pottery  and  whelk  and  conch 
shells  were  found  in  their  graves  by  Mr  Hawtayne.  Stane  imple- 
ments both  there  and  in  Mustique  are  rare,  though  "  ears "  of 
pots  rudely  marked  with  grotesque  faces  are  not  uncommon. 
Shell  implements  are  found  in  Myreau  also.  Parcels  of  axes, 
knives,  &c.,  obtained  by  Mr  Hawtayne  in  various  islands,  are  in 
the  British  Museum,  and  in  the  possession  of  Dr  Barnard  Davis, 
of  Hanley,  Staffordshire.  A  curious  crescent-shaped  implement 
of  jade  has  been  seen  by  Mr  Hawtayne,  but  the  owner  believes 
it  has  some  wonderful  powers,  and  will  not  part  with  it.  The 
canoes  are  made  of  the  Gk)umier  tree,  which  yields  a  great 
quantity  of  fragrant  gum,  and  are  spread  open  with  the  aid  of 
wet  sand. 


TERRA    COTTA   STATUETTE 
FoiauL  at'    TajhCLgrcb  m'1873 

Brawn-  to  ^ije^  Caiiib  Ant  Soc  Conuru  VoV.Ul 


XXIX.  On  three  Statuettes  found  at  Tanagra. 
Communicated  by  the  Rev.  S.  S.  Lewis,  M.A., 
Corpus  Christi  College. 


[November  9,  1874.] 

As  in  these  latter  days  the  fertile  Canton  de  Yaud  and  the 
rich  pasture-lands  of  Wiltshire  are  said — it  may  be  with  a 
tinge  of  envy — ^to  be  less  notable  for  intellecttud  culture ;  so  in 
ancient  Greece  the  quick-witted  native  of  thin-soiled  Attica 
loved  to  speak  of  his  agricultural  neighbour  on  the  northern 
side  as  Boiania  S^ — a  sneer  perpetuated  even  by  one  of  them- 
selves, the  scholarly  Plutarch*  of  Chaeroneia.  Yet  what  could  be 
more  unjust?  The  beautiful  land  of  Thebes  and  Helicon,  whose 
legendary  heroes  were  sung  by  Aeschylus  and  his  successors, 
could  surely  appeal  in  justification  to  the  military  genius  of 
Epaminondas  and  to  the  poetry  of  Hesiod,  Corinna,  and  Pindar.* 
Tanagra,\the  birth-place  of  Corinna  and  capital  of  Eastern 
Boeotia,  has  within  the  last  year  yielded  a  new  and  quite  un- 
expected answer  to  the  reproach. 

The  dependent  sea-port  of  Aulis  had  been  described  by  Pau- 
sanias*  as  chiefly  inhabited  by  potters,  and  from  the  ruins  of 
Tanagra  herself  a  few  notable  statuettes  in  terra  cotta  had 
found  their  way  to  the  Pourtalfes-Gorgier*  collection ;  but  it 
was  only  in  the  winter  of  1873  that  the  accidental  discovery  by 
some  farm-labourers  in  the  vaUey  of  the  Yuri^mi  (the  ancient 
Asopos)  of  tombs  containing  pottery  of  very  varied  form,  both 
grotesque  and  graceful,  proved  that  Tanagra  had  been  the  site 
of  a  flourishing  school  of  this  branch  of  Fine  Art.  Here,  only 
16  miles  ofif  the  high  road  from  Athens  to  Euboea>  one  might 

^  Tovs  Boicorovff  17/iaff  ol  *AmKo\  Koi  nax^is  «cal  dvaia-OiJTovs  Koi  ^i$iovs 
...  npo<ntyop€vov  (Plut.  de  esu  eamis  1.  6). 
«  DL  19.  §  8. 
"  See  Catalogue  by  Panqfka  (Paris,  1834),  pL  31. 


304 

at  first  have  suspected  importation  rather  than  production  on 
the  spot,  yet  the  capital  of  Attica  has  yielded  nothing  at  all 
comparable  in  terra  ootta:  a  similar  contrast  is  presented  by 
Rubi  (now  Ruvo),  which  is  scarcely  mentioned  in  history,  and 
yet  has  far  surpassed  its  populous  and  storied  neighbour  Taren- 
tum  in  the  variety  and  beauty  of  the  vases  found  in  the  sepul- 
chres at  her  gates. 

.  Of  Tanagra  we  hear  from  Dicaearchus  who  visited  it  in  the 
time  of  Cassander  (318 — 307  B.c.)  that  the  town  stood  on  a  steep 
hill  and  looked  very  bright  from  a  distance ;  that  the  inhabit- 
ants were  hospitable  and  wealthy,  but  frugal,  and  mostly  land- 
holders; that  the  houses  were  adorned  with  porticoes  and 
encaustic  paintings :  while  Pausanias  writing  in  the  time  of  the 
Antonines  enumerates  the  temples  of  Dionysus,  Themis,  Aphro- 
dite, Apollo  and  Hermes^  (both  Kriophoros  and  Promachosi),  and 
notes  the  peculiarity  that  these  sacred  buildings  stood  by  them-* 
selves  apart  from  the  dwelling-houses.  In  this  last  respect,  as 
well  as  in  the  good  taste  of  her  citizens,  mediaeval  Pisa  furnishes 
a  close  parallel  to  Tanagra. 

The  shape  and  depth  of  the  recently  discovered  tombs  are 
very  various — sometimes  sarcophagi  covered  with  tiles  from 
three  to  five  feet  deep  in  the  soil,  and  occasionally  close  to  the 
surface, — more  often  small  square  sepulchres  sunk  in  the  earth 
with  a  tiled  roof,  flat  or  arched,  at  the  depth  of  from  six  to  nine 
feet  below  the  surface, — and  occasionally  walled  in  with  blocks 
of  stone  for  sides  and  roof  and  at  a  slighter  depth.  No  law  of 
orientation  can  be  distinguished :  though  they  more  often  lie 
towards  the  west  or  north. 

Of  the  many  hundreds  of  these  statuettes  which  are  finding 
their  way  into  collections,  both  continental  and  English,  but  a 
small  number  are  so  distinguished  by  gesture  or  adjunct  as  to 
enable  the  critic  at  once  to  determine  the  artist's  motive.  In 
the  veiled  matron  of  noble  mien  we  may  see  a  Hera  or  Demeter, 

^  Whose  birthplace  was  noted  on  the  neighbouring  Mount  KeiTfcion — 
an  obvions  instance  of  paronomoiia. 


305 

the  nude  figure  holding  a  ruddy  apple  or  a  mirror  may  well  be 
a  victorioua  Aphrodite,  the  maidens*  playing  with  astragali 
recall  Clytie  and  CameirOy  as  painted  by  Polygnotus,  and  the 
eager  youth  with  petasus  and  purse  a  Hermes;  but  how  are 
we  to  account  for  the  great  majority  of  the  figures  in  which, 
as  in  the  three  given  in  the  annexed  woodcut,  the  most 
transcendental  critic  can  find  no  more  than  homely  life  in 
noble  and  graceful  attitude?  A  French'  scholar  has  most  in*- 
geniously  suggested  that  these  calm  but  life-»like  figures  were 
intended  to  keep  the  deceased  in  company,-<^that  just  as  in  an 
earlier  age  they  sacrificed  slaves  and  captives  to  form  a  retinue 
in  the  halls  of  Hades,  so  a  later  age,  more  humane  and  artistic, 
substituted  for  such  victims  the  forms  in  clay  most  appro-^ 
priate  to  the  age  and  rank  of  the  departed.  A  happier  idea 
has  been  suggested — ^that,  as  the  Roman  was  escorted  to  the 
tomb  by  the  imaffinea  of  his  distinguished  ancestors,  so  in 
these  life-like  figures  the  more  refined  Qreek  was  surrounded 
by  portraits  of  his  surviving  relatives,  who  would  thus  accom- 
pany the  lost  one  to  the  world  below.  One  question  yet 
remains — the  period  of  Art-history  to  which  they  should  be 
assigned ;  and  here  the  critic  feels  less  difficulty. 

In  the  age  of  Alexander  the  Great  and  his  immediate  suc- 
cessors the  Boeotian  modellers  were  less  ambitious  to  express  the 
highest' ideal  of  the  Good  and  the  Beautiful  than-*-like  Lysippus 
and  Apelles — to  portray  the  True  in  its  most  lovely  and  perfect 
form.  Oenre  was  then  in  fact  the  fashion  in  modelling  as  in 
sculpture  and  painting ;  but  genre  with  more  careful  regard  to 
purity,  refinement,  and  nobility  of  type  than  has  been  generally 
associated  with  it  in  these  latter  days.  In  the  three  examples 
before  us  no  care  has  been  spared  to  render  the  contour  of  the 
figure,  even  where  fully  and  doubly  draped,  and  the  few  re- 

^  This  group,  perhaps  the  most  charming  object  of  the  whole  find,  is  now 
(1878)  in  the  choice  collection  of  Dr  Imhoof-Blamer  of  Wiuterthur. 

>  M.  L4on  Heuzoy  in  the  Monuments  grea  publics  par  la  Societe  des 
Stucies  ffrecqties,  nos.  2  and  3. 


306 

mains  of  colour  prove  that  it  was  applied  with  an  equal  regard 
to  simplicity  and  eflfect :  the  pose  and  style  of  the  figures  well 
bear  out  the  remark  of  Dicaearchus^,  that  in  Boeotia  he  found 
the  most  graceful  and  elegant  ladies  of  all  Greece.  The  hair  in 
this  case  is  of  a  reddish  brown,  and  its  arrangement  is  probably 
that  which  in  the  case  of  Theban  dames  was  known  as  Xa/t- 
'TToSlop* :  the  long  under-garment  {x'^rwv  iroBijfnjs:)  is  of  a  rose 
colour,  while  the  shawl  {TriirXos)  which  falls  over  the  shoulders 
and  across  the  bosom  is  sky-blue.  In  some  other  cases  it  is 
thrown  over  the  head,  and  thus  unites  veil  and  mantle.  The 
seated  youth'  is  clad  in  a  short  and  almost  sleeveless  tunic,  over 
which  falls  a  cloak  (x^a/^v?)  fastened  on  the  right  shoulder  by 
a  buckle.  His  broad-brimmed  hat  well  deserves  the  epithet 
i7XtoaT6p^9  (parasol)  given  to  that  of  Ismene  in  the  Oedipus 
Coloneus  (v.  313) :  it  would  doubtless  have  been  made  of  felt, 
as  we  know  was  generally  the  case  with  the  /eava-ia. 

The  hands  in  each  case  are  only  indicated  under  the  folds 
of  drapery — a  gesture  which  very  frequently  occurs,  and  is 
perhaps  significant  of  mourning :  an  opening  behind  of  various 
shape  supplies  the  technical  necessity  of  an  air-hole,  which 
would  be  requisite  for  the  process  of  baking.  From  the  rear 
of  the  figure  being,  in  every  instance  but  one,  left  unfinished 
in  detail,  we  may  infer  that  these  statuettes  must  have  been 
intended  to  be  placed  each  in  its  niche,  or  else  to  be'  ranged 
on  shelves  against  the  wall  of  the  sepulchre. 

In  closing  these  remarks  I  gratefully  acknowledge  my  obli- 
gations to  an  article  by  M.  Henry  Houssaye  in  the  Gazette 
Archiologique  (Paris,  1876),  and  to  R.  Kekul^'s  admirable  mono- 
graph Oriechische  Thonfiguren  aus  Tanagra  (Stuttgart,  1878). 

»  Dicaearchos,  Descr.  Graec,  §  17,  ed.  C.  Muller. 

»  Ibid.  §19. 

'  The  figure  of  the  seated  youth,  and  another  standing,  were  exhibited 
at  a  subsequent  meeting  of  the  Society ;  but  I  have  thought  it  better  to 
unite  the  two  notices  in  one,  and  to  include  three,  of  the  four  figures  ex- 
hibited, in  the  group  which  is  given  in  the  plate  which  accompanies  this 
paper. 


XXX,  On  the  Ancient  Onyx  known  as  the  '  Man- 
TUAN  Vase/  in  the  Grand-Ducal  Museum  at 
Brunswick.  Communicated  by  the  Rev*  John 
B.  Pearson,  B.D.,  Emmanuel  College. 


[May  10,  1875.] 


Beinq  at  Brunswick  in  January  last,  I  took  the  opportunity 
to  inspect  the  famous  Mantuan  Vase  which  had  been  restored  to 
Brunswick  in  the  preceding  year,  after  a  disappearance  of  more 
than  forty  years.  An  excellent  description  of  it  has  been  pub- 
lished at  Stuttgart  in  the  Kunsthandwerk  for  1874  by  !l?rofessor 
Riegel,  the  Director  of  the  Museum  at  Brunswick,  under  whose 
charge  the  Vase  now  is ;  but,  as  this  publication  is  perhaps  but 
rarely  to  be  met  with  in  this  country,  and  is  not  accessible  in 
Cambridge,  I  have  made  a  translation  of  the  memoir,  with  a 
view  of  bringing  it  more  easily  to  the  notice  of  the  members 
of  the  Antiquarian  Society.  I  have  not  reproduced  the  plate ; 
but  a  sketch  and  description  of  the  Vase,  including  the  mount- 
ing, will  be  found  in  the  Leipsic  Acta  Erudit,  1683 ;  and  also 
in  Gronovius'  Thesaurus,  Vol.  vii.,  1699. 


TaAKSLATiON  OF  PaoFKSsoB  Rieoel's  Memoib  on  the 
'Mantuak  Vase.* 

HUtory.  The  Onyx  Vase  represented  on  the  two  accompanyhig 
plates,  formed  a  part  of  the  coUection  of  the  Ducal  House  of  Gonzaga  at 
Mantua,  when  the  city,  during  the  war  of  the  Mantuan  succession,  was 
captured  and  plundered  by  an  Imperial  force  under  Colalto  on  the  18th 


308 

July,  1630.  It  fell  at  the  time  into  the  hands  of  a  private  soldier,  who 
for  the  yalue  of  its  gold  fittings  sold  it  to  an  Imperial  officer,  Baron  Ton 
Sirot,  for  17  ''schwere''  ducats.  Baron  Sirot  made  a  present  of  it  to  his 
Commander,  Duke  Franz  Albert  of  Sachsen-Lanenbnrg ;  who,  finding  that 
the  Milanese  goldsmiths  valued  the  vase  at  20,000  ducats,  made  von  Sirot, 
by  way  of  compensation,  a  present  of  2,000  ducats.  After  the  Duke's  death, 
in  1642,  the  vase  remained  in  possession  of  his  widow ;  and  on  her  death,  in 
1666,  it  passed  to  her  elder  sister,  the  third  wife  of  Duke  August  of  Bruns- 
wick, more  generally  known  as  the  founder  of  the  Library  at  WolfenbHttel. 
On  her  death  in  1676,  it  passed  to  her  son,  Duke  Ferdinand  Albert  of 
Brunswick,  the  fouuder  of  the  Beveren  line :  which  succeeded  to  power 
in  the  person  of  Ferdinand  Albert  II.,  generally  referred  to  as  Charles  I. 
Charles  I.  by  a  convention  in  1766  bought  in  tiie  claims  of  the  rest  of  the 
agnates  to  the  vase  and  other  art  treasures ;  and  incorporated  it  with  the 
rest  in  1767  in  the  museum  he  had  founded  at  Brunswick  in  1753.  In  the 
autumn  of  1806  it  was  taken  away  to  be  secured  from  the  French,  but 
replaced  in  the  Museum  in  1814.  In  January,  1830,  Charles  II.,  giving 
suitable  receipts  for  it,  had  it  taken  to  the  Grand-Ducal  residence.  How- 
over,  on  the  7th  September  in  the  same  year,  the  day  of  the  escape  of  the 
Grand  Duke,  no  traces  of  the  vase  were  to  be  found ;  in  the  autumn  of 
1873  it  was  found  among  the  eflfects  of  the  deceased  Duke  at  Geneva,  and 
27  March,  1874,  handed  over  to  the  writer  of  this  memoir,  for  the  Museum, 
in  his  capacity  as  its  Director.  It  is  now  included  among  the  Art  Col- 
lections of  the  Ducal  &mily,  as  was  intended  a  hundred  years  ago. 

The  Golden  Mountings*  As  we  have  mentioned,  the  Vase  in  1630  had 
a  mounting  of  gold,  which  it  still  possessed  when  taken  out  of  the  Museum 
by  Duke  Charles  in  1830.  The  mounting  consisted  of  a  base  (Fuss-Gestell), 
several  (two  ?)  hoops,  spout,  handle,  and  covering.  However,  the  vase,  when 
discovered  at  Geneva,  had  been  stripped  of  its  gold  mounting,  and  also 
exhibited  on  its  upper  edge  an  abrasure  (see  plate),  which  it  apparently 
suflfered  from  the  forcible  removal  of  the  mounting.  .  This  removal  of  the 
mounting  seems  actually  to  have  been  perpetrated  by  the  Duke  Charles 
himself  at  the  time  of  his  escape ;  a  supposition  in  favour  of  which  we 
have  the  discovery  of  the  case  that  should  have  contained  the  vase,  in  the 
carriage  the  Duke  had  quitted  at  Osterode  (a  town  in  Hanover,  on  the  road 
from  Brunswick  to  GSttingen).  The  iigury  fortunately  is  very  slight,  and 
at  a  point  where  the  vase  exhibits  no  engraving  of  any  kind.  Now  that 
the  vase,  for  the  first  time  for  many  centuries,  can  be  inspected  without  its 
gold  mounting,  there  can  be  no  doubt  whatever  that  it  was  originally 
without  any  mounting,  at  any  rate  such  a  mounting  as  that  which  it  had 
recently.  At  most,  it  can  only  have  had  a  slight  base,  and  a  small  stopper. 
The  deep  flntings  (Riefeln)  and  the  lower  aperture  for  the  spout,  which 
the  recent  mounting  required,  are  disfigurements,  and  are  additions  of 


309 

a  6nWquent  date;  they  prore  themselveB  to  be  workmanship  of  a 
barbaric  style  by  the  fact  that  they  are  carried  without  the  least  scruple 
through  parts  of  the  design  engraved  in  the  stone;  while  nevertheless 
they  are  so  happily,  or  perhaps  we  may  say,  so  tastefully  made,  that  in 
former  tiroes  no  one  hesitated  on  the  original  adaptation  of  the  mounting 
to  the  vase^  as  a  work  of  art  generally^  The  view  we  have  just  mentioned 
(that  the  mounting  was  originally  adapted  to  the  rase),  which  was  shared 
by  the  best-informed  persons,  and  consequently  cannot  be  looked  upon 
as  superficial,  is  seen  however,  now  the  mounting  is  away,  at  once  un- 
questionably to  be  erroneous.  With  reference  to  the  time  at  which  this 
golden  mounting,  removed  by  Buke  Charles,  may  have  been  added,  the 
drawings  to  be  fonnd  in  the  Museum  leave  its  late-gothic  character 
beyond  question ;  as  however  one  cannot  recognize  precisely  whether  the 
mounting  is  Italian  work  or  no,  to  fix  its  date  precisely  must  be  considered 
out  of  the  question.  A  general  idea  of  the  form  may  be  gained  from  the 
vignette  at  the  head  of  the  memoir,  taken  from  an  old  engraving* 

Substance  and  Style  (Stein  und  Technik).  The  Mantuan  Vase  is  cut  out 
of  a  sardonyx  of  a  kidney  form ;  it  is  composed  of  white  and  reddish-brown 
layers  to  the  number  of  five  or  six,  very  transparent  in  places  where  the 
colour  is  deep.  It  is  also  hollowed  out  inside,  so  that  it  forms  a  vessel  in 
the  form  of  an  ointment  jar,  and  on  its  exterior,  is  modelled  in  the  style 
of  a  cameo  in  an  artistic  form.  This  laborious  manipulation  of  the  hard 
stone,  displaying  not  only  much  perseverance  and  skill,  but  also  a  fine 
artistic  spirit,  must  have  required  a  considerable  number  of  years,  and  will 
always  excite  much  surprise.  Mineralogists  cannot  pronounce  distinctly 
on  the  locality  where  the  stone  was  found,  but  are  of  opinion  that  in  and 
for  itself  it  does  not  merit  a  high  position.  Consequently  the  excessive 
value  of  the  vase  is  to  be  found  in  the  scientific  and  artistic  treatment,  its 
painstaking  manipulation  in  the  interior  and  exterior ;  and  in  the  method 
and  manner  in  which  the  artist  has  succeeded  in  happily  combining  tho 
parti-coloured  layers,  the  transparency,  and  the  brilliance  of  the  stone, 
together  with  the  smooth  prominent  figures,  in  an  original,  and — as  a  work 
of  art— extremely  pleasing  result. 

The  coloured  representation  of  the  vase,  given  in  the  picture,  gives 
an  idea  of  these  peculiar  features ;  although,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  we  may 
not  foiiget,  that  the  full  brilliance  of  the  stone,  and  the  delicate  combination 
of  we  cannot  say  how  many  shades,  can  naturally  not  be  perfectly  repro- 
duced by  a  mere  representation.  As  for  the  style  in  which  the  figures 
in  relief  are  finished,  from  a  scientific  point  of  view,  it  seems  somewhat 
indistinct,  compared  with  the  style  of  execution  in  other  celebrated 
cameos ;  this  fancy  is  soon  seen  to  be  somewhat  deceptive,  as  one  readily 
recognizes  that  the  execution  clearly  and  distinctly  sets  forth  all  that  the 
artist  designed.    And  for  all  this,  it  is  still  considerably  more  slightly. 


310 

ezecnted  (weicher  gehalten),  than  for  instance  that  in  the  great  cameos  at 
Vienna,  so  that,  combined  with  the  effect  which  the  brilliancy  and  transpar 
rency  of  the  stone  exert  on  one,  this  deception  explains  itself  completely. 
By  this  scientific  mode  of  treatment,  the  pecnliar  distinction  of  our  Tase  is 
certainly  augmented  in  no  slight  degree. 

Size.  The  Yase  is  156  millimetres  (about  6}  inches)  high^  and  the 
diameter  at  the  broadest  point,  65  millimetres  (2^  inches);  that  of  the 
circular  stand  which  supports  it,  33  millimetres  (1^  inchesX 

Style,    The  peculiar  general  style  of  the  onyx,  which  we  hare  referred 
to,  rests,  as  has  been  already  indicated  in  other  words,  on  a  spirited  com* 
bination  of  the  ekmente  qf  the  picturesque  afforded  by  the  coloured 
layers  of  the  stone,  and  the  modelled  figures  in  relief  upon  it     For 
example,  in  the  group  which  stands   quite  at  the  right  hand  in  the 
coloured  representation,  we  perceite  the  way  in  which  the  artist  has 
worked  up  the  drapery  and  hair  of  the  sitting  figure  in  the  upper  brown 
layer,  and  the  arms,  face,  and  feet  in  the  white  layer  underlying  it»  and 
how,  in  order  to  bring  out  accurately  the  figuw  standing  in  the  rear,  he 
has  got  behind  the  wave-like  indentation  which  the  layer  of  white  makes 
at  this  point.     These  picturesque  ideas  of  the  artist  come  out  more 
plainly  in  contemplating  the  group  which  contains  the  priestess  and  the 
two  torches.    The  whole  of  this  group  rests  upon  the  dark  ground  of  the 
stone  ;  the  female  figure  to  the  left  in  the  rear,  and  the  small  male  statue 
on  the  right,  are  preserved  perfectly  white;  the  priestess  and  boy  are 
face,  breast,  and  feet  worked  out  of  the  same  white  layer,  while  the  hair 
and  drapery  are  cut  out  of  the  brown  layer  lying  over  the  white  one  we 
have  just  mentioned,  and  the  arms,  as  it  were  in  relief,  out  of  a  second 
layer  of  white  resting  again  on  the  brown  one.  The  result  is  that  the  brown 
drapery,  with  its  splendid  biilliancy,  and  a  charming  luminous  (spiegeln- 
den)  transparency  that  reminds  one  of  the  so-called  water  in  precious 
stones,  acts  as  a  veil  to  the  parts  of  the  body  situated  behind  it^  which 
still  gleam  in  white  through  it.    How  delicately  the  artist  balanced  each 
portion  of  the  work,  is  proved  for  example  by  the  two  torches  worked  out 
in  the  layer  of  white  in  the  middle,  of  which  the  foremost  is  somewhat 
the  taller,  and  more  defined  in  the  substance,  so  that  the  one  in  the  rear 
is  not  only  in  perepective  smaller,  but  also  darker,  and  apparently  more 
distant,  as  the  brown  ground  is  visible  through  it    As  a  match  to  the 
elements  of  the  picturesque,  the  forms  in  relief  deserve  our  special  notice. 
In  the  latter  we  recognize  in  general  an  excellent  Grecian  style,  without^ 
on  that  account,  omitting  to  notice  a  few  irregularities,  such  for  instance 
as  exhibit  themselves  in  the  figure  of  the  child  with  the  fruit  basket, 
which  is  set  by  far  too  low.    On  the  other  hand  the  noble  character  of  the 
figures  and  the  animation  inherent  in  most  of  the  profiles  should  escape 


311 

no  one.  Some  inference  for  deciding  upon  its  general  style  as  a  work  of 
art,  and  so  far  an  approximate  estimate  of  its  date,  may  be  drawn  from 
the  bunches  of  frait  and  heads  of  oxen,  which  form  an  ornamental  circle 
round  the  vase  above  the  figures  portrayed  upon  it 

ThA  iohole  RepruenUUion  refers  to  the  Festival  of  the  Spring,  in  the 
form  in  which,  agreeably  to  the  ideas  of  the  Greeks,  it  was  celebrated  in 
secret  worship,  at  the  so-called  Lesser  Eleusinia.  The  figures  in  relief, 
here  reproduced  in  elongated  form  in  the  second  of  the  Plates  before  us, 
divide  themselves  into  three  groups :  in  the  middle  there  is  the  alliance 
of  the  goddesses,  to  the  right  four  worshippers  with  oflferings,  and  to  the 
left  the  PriestesseSb  Each  of  these  groups  is  locally  separated  from  the 
other  two ;  the  one  in  the  centre  stands  in  front  of  what  from  its  style 
of  architecture  we  might  call  a  temple  :  the  group  to  the  right,  with 
festoons  of  drapery  above  it,  has  at  the  rear  a  sacred  tree :  the  group  to 
the  left  has  a  compartment  to  itself.  Between  this  group  and  that  of  the 
goddesses  there  is  a  vine  introduced,  its  foliage  being  sacred  to  Dionysus. 
An  explanation  of  all  the  separate  figures  is  impossible  without  protracted 
archsdological  investigations,  and  a  comparison  of  some  contradictory  views. 
A  few  genend  explanations  must  sufllce. 

In  the  group  of  goddesses,  we  see  Ceres'  serpent-chariot,  in  it  the 
goddess,  with  the  ear  of  ripe  com  in  her  hand,  and  at  her  side  Tripto- 
lemus,  tiie  Hero  of  Secrets,  who  founded  agriculture  in  Attica.    Floating 
above  the  deities,  we  see  a  winged  genius  advancing  in  the  air  out 
of  what  may  be  a  Hall  of  Columns ;  undoubtedly  a  personification  of 
Zephyrus,  spreading  his  moist   beneficent  pinions  over  a  female  form 
reposing  on  the  earth,  perhaps  the  goddess  Gsea.    We  recognize  hero 
the  elements  of  earth  and  air,  which  with  the  blessing  of  heaven  (in  a 
figurative  form)  are  the  means  of  bestowing  the  precious  fruits  on  man* 
kind.  There  approach  this  group  of  deities,  on  the  right  of  the  worshippers, 
first  a  female  with  the  little  pig  sacred  to  Demeter  as  her  offering,  and 
a  second  with  the  kid  sacred  to  Dionysus :  adjoining  these  two  females 
is  a  female  in  a  sitting  posture,  with  a  basket  of  fruit  in  her  lap,  and  an 
ear  of  com  in  her  right  hand :  behind  the  latter  is  a  child  upholding  with 
both  its  arms  a  basket  of  fruit  resting  on  its  head.    We  may  perhaps  here 
find  a  recognition  of  the  thought,  that  man,  in  gratitude  for  the  blessings 
of  heaven,  is  offering  the  first-fraits  of  the  fhiits  bestowed  on  him  to  the 
Deity  as  a  thank-offering,  with  a  silent  prayer  for  protection  and  favour 
for  the  future.    The  group  to  the  left  is  different.    Here  the  Priestess 
advances  with  the  sacred  torches,  to  visit  the  sacred  festival,  in  which 
these  offerings  are  presented.    Her  companion  has  a  poppy  in  her  hand, 
as  a  symbol  of  unlimited  fertility.    A  lad  advancing  in  front  of  her  carries 
a  basket  with  frait :  farther  still  in  front  of  him  stands  the  little  figure  of 
Priapus ;  the  outline  of  his  body  has  been  remodelled  by  subsequent 

22 


312 

alteratioDS.  In  this  group  again,  the  idea  of  fertility  is  indicated,  and  its 
continuance  is  intended  to  be  the  object  of  formal  entreaty  from  the 
appointed  Frieatefls.  In  the  lower  portion  of  the  onyx,  that  where  the 
figures  are  on  a  reduced  scale,  there  are  the  instruments  represented, 
such  as  were  employed  at  the  Festival  of  the  Eleusinia :  and  also  attributes 
of  the  two  Eleusinian  deities,  Demeter  and  Dionysus,  such  as  Thyrsus- 
staves,  torches,  masks,  fruit-baskets,  a  serpent,  &c.,  Ac.  In  order  per- 
fectly to  understand  the  general  design  of  the  representation,  and  the 
arrangement  of  the  separate  figures,  we  must  always  consider  ourselves 
obliged  to  keep  strictly  in  view  the  conditions  which  the  formation  of  the 
stone  imposed :  the  stone,  so  far  from  being  made  to  suit  the  views  of  the 
artist^  being  that  by  which  he  was  obliged  to  guide  himself,  so  as  to  adapt 
himself  to  its  various  peculiarities. 

General  Remit  The  Mantuan  Vase  is  a  piece  of  antique  (Grecian) 
workmanship,  distinguished  from  other  cameos  by  its  unique  form,  that  of 
an  ointment  vase;  the  large  number  of  coloured  layers,  the  transparency 
of  the  stone;  the  eminently  picturesque  style,  the  peculiar  delicacy  (weich- 
heit)  of  the  workmanship,  and  the  subject  of  the  design  engraved  on  it. 
As  to  its  original  design  and  actual  use  we  can  only  form  conjectures :  and 
the  same  is  true  of  the  phice  where  it  was  manufactured.  As  to  the 
age,  on  the  contrary,  we  are  justified  in  assuming  that  it  belongs  to  the 
second  half  of  the  era  of  the  Ftolemies,  or  that  of  the  Roman  Emperors 
down  to  Hadrian.  We  may  coi^jecture  with  great  plausibility  that  in 
the  separate  details  of  his  representation,  the  artist  has  followed  models 
of  the  most  flourishing  period  of  Hellenic  art. 

So  far  Professor  KiegeFs  memoir.  For  my  own  part,  I  am 
satisfied  that  we  have  in  the  Mantuan  Vase  a  real  onyx  un- 
guent-vase of  the  classical  era.  From  the  time  of  Herodotus 
down  to  that  of  Viigil,  and  of  the  Evangelists,  small  jars  of 
the  kind  were  evidently  used  for  the  purpose;  and  the  size 
indicated  by  the  word  Xlrpa  (less  than  a  pound  troy)  answers 
fairly  to  the  size  of  the  Mantuan  Vase.  I  may  mention  that 
the  vase  shows  no  tinge  of  dark  red,  a  colour  always  found  in 
the  oriental  onyx,  a  stone  which  the  ancients  and  modems 
agree  in  thus  distinguishing  from  the  common  onyx. 


XXXI.     On  some  Excavations,   apparently  of   Ro- 
man    DATE,     RECENTLY     DISCOVERED     AT     FuLBOUEN. 

Communicated  by  James  Carter,  Esq. 


[May  10,  1875.] 


In  making  a  cutting  through  some  rising  ground,  about  half  a 
mile  on  the  Cambridge  side  of  the  Fulbourn  Station  of  the 
Newmarket  and  Bury  Railway,  the  workmen  came  upon  three 
pits  or  wells  sunk  in  the  chalk.  These  pits  were  about  3  feet 
from  each  other,  and  were  situated  upon  the  summit  of  the  low 
hill  through  which  the  cutting  was  made. 

The  largest  of  them,  that  next  the  Fulbourn  Station,  was  a 
circular  shaft  sunk  for  about  10  feet  in  the  chalk.  It  was  care- 
fully built  up.  The  inner  surface  was  smooth,  and  coated  with 
a  layer  of  hard  cement,  about  3  inches  thick.  Then  came  an 
outer  and  thicker  layer  of  coarse  concrete,  about  10  inches  thick, 
which  was  reddened  by  the  action  of  fire.  At  about  6  feet  from 
the  top,  the  shaft  was  abruptly  reduced  in  diameter  from  9  feet 
3  inches  to  6  feet  3  inches,  leaving  a  set-off  or  ledge  20  inches 
wide,  and  was  carried  down  to  a  further  depth  of  nearly  4  feet 
in  the  chalk.  The  inner  surface  of  this  lower  and  smaller  por- 
tion was  blackened,  as  if  by  the  combustion  of  wood  and  other 
vegetable  substances,  and  contained  masses  of  black  carbon- 
aceous matter.  The  workmen  stated  that  at  the  junction  of  the, 
sides  with  the  floor  they  found  some  slabs,  placed  obliquely,  so 

22—2 


S14 

as  to  construct  a  sort  of  flae  for  draught,  but  of  this  I  saw  do 
traces.  The  upper  and  larger  portion  of  the  pit  was  filled  partly 
by  the  surface  soil,  below  which  was  a  thick  layer,  2  or  3  feet 
thick,  of  a  veiy  soft  calcareous  deposit,  which  the  workmen  called 
"Butter";  so  soft  was  it,  that  it  could  readily  be  rubbed  into  a 
paste  between  the  fingers.  I  analysed  this  substance,  and  found 
that  it  was  composed  of  slaked  lime,  containing  a  considerable 
quantity  of  water.  By  exposure  to  the  air,  it  became  quite  dry 
and  hard.  Below  and  by  the  side  of  this  soft  layer  of  lime  was 
a  layer  of  vesicular^  ^ngy,  calcareous  matter,  very  light,  and 
composed  of  pure  chalk,  carbonate  of  lime.  I  imagine  that 
this  layer  was  formed  in  this  way;  water  filtered  through  the 
lime,  of  which  it  dissolved  a  considerable  quantity,  and  subse- 
quently deposited  it,  as  evaporation  took  place,  upon  plants, 
&c.,  in  the  shape  of  carbonate  of  lime.  It  has  not  at  all  the 
appearance  of  having  been  produced  by  burning. 

At  the  point  of  junction  of  the  wide  and  narrow  portions  of. 
the  shaft  was  a  round-headed  opening,  which  led  into  a  second 
excavation  by  a  short  passage  about  2  feet  6  inches  long.  This 
second  pit  was  simply  sunk  in  the  hard  chalk,  and  was  not  built 
up,  after  the  fashion  of  the  first  pit,  by  boundary  walls  of  con- 
crete and  cement  It  was  of  equal  diameter  throughout  its 
whole  depth  and  not  narrowed  at  the  lower  portion.  I  could 
not  detect  any  traces  of  the  action  of  fire,  but  the  sides  of  the 
opening  communicating  with  the  first  were  burnt  and  reddened. 

The  side  of  the  shaft,  opposite  the  aperture  from  the  first 
pit,  was  perforated  by  another  similar  opening,  cut  through  the 
chalk,  which  led  into  a  third  excavation.  This  has  been  only 
partially  cleared  out:  it  appears  to  be  not  a  circular  shaft,  but  a 
cutting  with  parallel  sides,  the  floor  of  which  inclines  upwards, 
and  which  the  workmen  suppose  to  have  led  to  the  surface,  as 
if  for  the  removal  of  substances  from  the  second  pit ;  on  this 
point,  however,  I  cannot  speak  with  certainty. 

As  to  the  purpose  for  which  these  pits  were  constructed  :  it 


S15 

is  quite  evident  that  the  largest  and  deepest  of  them  was  used 
as  a  kiln  of  some  kind.  It  could  scarcely  have  been  for  burning 
bricks  or  pottery;  nor  could  I  detect  the  slightest  evidence  that, 
as  has  been  suggested,  it  was  ever  used  for  cremation.  The  occur- 
rence of  a  considerable  quantity  of  slaked  lime  seems  to  prove 
positively  that  it  had  been  a  lime-kiln :  this  appears  by  far  its 
more  probable  use.  I  suppose  the  chalk  was  put  into  the  up- 
per and  wider  part  of  the  kiln  and  the  fuel  in  the  lower  nar- 
rower portion.  The  opening  would  admit  of  the  removal  of  the 
lime  and  of  the  introduction  of  fuel ;  but  it  is  not  very  evident 
what  could  have  been  the  use  of  the  second  pit,  unless  it  could 
have  been  for  the  storage  of  the  quick  lime,  and  to  protect  it 
from  the  weather. 

We  have  no  very  positive  evidence  as  to  the  date  of  the 
construction  of  these  works,  but  so  far  as  an  opinion  can  be 
formed  by  the  objects  found  in  the  surface  soil  by  which  these 
pits  w^re  partially  filled,  they  may  be  regarded  as  Soman. 
I  saw  no  object  which  had  been  found  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  excavations;  but  the  soil  which  filled  the  upper  portion 
contained  broken  pottery,  both  red  and  black  ware  of  Roman 
date,  and  also  human  and  other  bones :  ox,  horse,  and  a  homed 
sheep.     A  good  many  human  skeletons,  perhaps  as  many  as 
thirty,  were  discovered  in  making  the  cutting  between  the  Ful- 
boum  Station  and  the  site  of  the  excavation — about  half  a 
mile.    The  soil  also  contained  abundant  fragments  of  potteiy 
and  bones  of  animals.    The  bones  have  evidently  been  long 
buried,  and,  as  is  usual,  the  crowns  of  the  teeth  in  the  skulls 
are  worn  very  sir.ooth  by  the  mastication  of  coarsely  grcmd 
com.    The  discovery  is  of  great  interest,  as  evidence  of  the 
manner  in  which  the  Romans  in  this  country  prepared  lime, 
and,  so  far  as  could  be  ascertained,  is  the  only  evidence  of  the 
kind  which  has  hitherto  been  acquired. 


XXXII.  On  the  LsaEND  of  the  Chapman  of  Swaff- 
HAM  IN  Norfolk.  Communicated  by  E.  B.Cowbll, 
Esq.,  M.  A.,  Professor  of  Sanskrit, 


[May  24,  1875.] 


I  GIVE  the  English  form  of  this  legend  in  the  words  of  Sir 
Roger  Twysden,  as  quoted  in  Blomefield's  'History  of  Norfolk,' 
870.  ed.,  VolvL  pp.  211—213. 

^  The  north  aisle  of  Swaffbam  Churdi  is  generaUy  reported  and  believed 
to  be  built  by  John  Chapman,  a  tinker  of  this  town :  the  history  of  it  I  shall 
here  transcribe  from  Sir  Roger  Twysden's  Remembranoes,  MS.  p.  299, 
published  by  our  great  antiquary,  Mr  Heame  of  Oxford,  and  shall  then 
give  my  opinion  on  it 

''The  story  of  the  Pedlar  of  Swaffham  Market  is  in  substance  this^; 
*  That  dreaming  one  night  if  he  went  to  London,  he  should  certainly  meet 
with  a  man  upon  London  Bridge,  which  would  tell  him  good  news;  he  was 
BO  perplext  in  his  mind  that  till  he  set  upon  his  journey  he  could  have  no 
rest;  to  London  therefore  he  hastes,  and  walked  upon  the  Bridge  for  some 
hours,  where  being  espied  by  a  shopkeeper  and  asked  what  he  wanted,  he 
answered, '  You  may  well  ask  me  that  question,  for  truly  (quoth  he)  I  am 
come  hither  upon  a  very  vain  errand,'  and  so  told  the  story  of  his  dream 
which  occasioned  the  journey.  Whereupon  the  shopkeeper  replied,  'Alas, 
good  Mend,  should  I  have  heeded  dreams  I  might  have  proved  myself  as 
very  a  fool  as  thou  hast;  for  'tis  not  long  since  that  I  dreamt  that  at  a 
place  called  Swafifham  Market,  in  Norfolk,  dwells  one  John  Chapman,  a 
pedlar,  who  hath  a  tree  in  his  back  side,  under  which  is  buried  a  pot  of. 
money.  Now,  therefore,  if  I  should  have  made  a  journey  thither  to  dig  for 
such  hidden  treasure,  judge  you  whether  I  should  not  have  been  counted  a 
fool.'    To  whom  the  pedlar  cunningly  said,  'Tes,  verily;  I  will  therefore 

*  Tho.  Caii  Yindic.  Antiq.  Acad.  Oxen.,  Vol.  i.  p.  84,  Append. 


318 

retam  home  and  follow  my  buBiness,  not  heeding  such  dreams  hencefor- 
ward/ Bat  when  he  caiue  home  (being  Batisfied  that  his  dream  was  ful- 
filled), he  took  occasion  to  dig  in  that  place,  and  accordingly  foaud  a  lar^o 
pot  full  of  money,  which  he  prudently  concealed,  putting  the  pot  among  the 
rest  of  his  brass.  After  a  time  it  happened  that  one  who  came  to  his 
house  and  beholding  the  pot,  observed  an  inscription  upon  it,  which  being 
in  Latin  he  interpreted  it,  that  under  that  there  was  another  twice  as 
good^  Of  this  inscription  the  pedlar  was  before  ignorant,  or  at  least 
minded  it  not;  but  when  he  heard  the  meaning  of  it  he  said,  ^'Tis  very 
true,  in  the  shop  where  I  bought  this  pot  stood  another  under  it  which  was 
twice  as  big  \*  but  considering  that  it  might  tend  to  his  further  profit  to 
dig  deeper  in  the  same  place  where  he  foimd  that^  he  fell  again  to  work, 
and  discovered  such  a  pot  as  was  intimated  by  the  inscription,  full  of  old 
coin;  notwithstanding  all  which,  he  so  concealed  his  wealth  that  the  neigh- 
bours took  no  notice  of  it.  But  not  long  after  the  inhabitants  of  Swaffham 
resolving  to  re-edify  their  church,  and  having  consulted  tlie  workmen  about 
the  charge,  they  made  a  levy,  wherein  they  taxed  the  pedlar  according  to 
no  other  rate  but  what  they  had  formerly  done.  But  he  knowing  his  own 
ability  came  to  the  church  and  desired  the  workmen  to  show  him  their 
model,  and  to  tell  him  what  they  esteemed  the  chaiige  of  the  north  aisle 
would  amount  to ;  which  when  they  told  him,  he  presently  undertook  to 
pay  them  for  building  it,  and  not  only  that,  but  of  a  very  tall  and  beautiful 
tower  steeple.'  This  is  the  tradition  of  the  inhabitants,  as  it  was  told  me 
there.  And  in  testimony  thereof  there  was  then  his  picture,  with  his  wife 
and  three  children,  in  every  window  of  the  aisle,  with  an  inscription  running 
through  the  bottom  of  all  those  vrindows,  via.  'Orate  pro  bono  statu  Johan- 
nis  Chapman... Uxoris  ejus,  et  Liberorum  suorum,  qui  quidem  Johannes 
banc  alam  cum  fenestris  tecto  et... fieri  fedt' 

"It  was  in  Henry  the  Seyenth's  time,  but  the  year  I  now  remember  not, 
my  notes  being  left  with  Mr  William  Sedgwicke,  who  trickt  the  pictures, 
he  being  then  with  me.  In  that  aisle  is  his  seat,  of  an  antique  form,  and, 
on  each  side  the  entrance,  the  statue  of  the  pedlar  of  about  a  foot  in  length, 
with  pack  on  his  back,  very  artificially  cut  This  was  sent  me  from  Mr 
William  Dugdale,  of  Blyth  Hall,  in  Warwickshire,  in  a  letter  dated  Jan. 
29th,  1652-3,  which  I  have  since  learned  from  others  to  have  been  most 
true. 

"Roger  Twysden." 

^  The  common  tradition  is,  it  was  in  English  rhyme  viz.: 
"  Where  this  stood 
Is  anotlier  as  good;'* 
Or  as  some  will  have  it : 

"Under  me  doth  lie 
Another  ntuch  richer  than  I." 


319 

Blomefield  remarks  that  the  story  is  to  be  found  in  Johannes 
Fungerus'  "  Etymologicon  Latino-Qrgecum,"  pp.  1110,  1111, 
ivhere  it  is  told  of  a  man  of  Dort  in  Holland.  Blomefield  also 
adds  that  the  north  aisle  of  the  church  was  certainly  built  by 
John  Chapman,  who  was  churchwarden  in  1462 ;  but  he  thinks 
that  the  figures  of  the  pedlar,  &c.,  were  only  put  "  to  set  forth 
the  name  of  the  founder;  such  rebuses  are  frequently  met  with 
on  old  works." 

The  story  is  also  told  in  Abraham  de  la  Fryme's  diary 
(Nov.  10,  1699)  as  a  "constant  tradition"  concerning  a  pedlar 
in  Sofifham,  alias  Sopham,  in  Norfolk. 

As  Fungerus'  book  is  not  a  common  one,  I  subjoin  the 
passage  to  which  Blomefield  alludes;  it  occurs  in  the  article 
Sonrnvs.  The  copy  of  the  "Etymologicon  Latino-Grsecum"  in 
the  University  Library  bears  the  date  *  Lugduni,  1607/ 

^^  Rem  quae  contigit  patrnm  memorid  at  yeram  ita  dignam  relatu,  et 
sfepenumero  mihi  assertam  ab  hominibus  fide  dignis  apponam:  Juvenis 
quidam  in  Hollandia,  Dordraci^  videlicet,  rem  et  patrimonium  omne  pro- 
degerat,  oonflatoqae  sere  alieno  non  erat  solvendo.  Apparuit  illi  quidam 
per  somniam,  monens  nt  se  conferret  Campos':  ibi  in  ponte  iodicium  ali- 
quem  factamm,  qnid  sibi,  ut  explicare  se  posset  illis  difficoltatibus,  institti- 
endum  foret  Abiit  eo,  cumque  totum  fere  diem  tristis  et  meditabundus 
deambulationem  supra  prsedictum  pontem  insumsisset,  misertus  ejus  pub- 
liens  mendicus,  qui  forte  stipem  rogans  illic  sedebat,  quid  tUj  inquit,  ctdeo 
tristuf  Aperuit  illi  somniator  tristem  et  afflictam  fortunam  suam,  et  qua 
de  causa  eo  se  contulisset  Quippe  somnii  impulsu  hue  se  profectum,  et 
exspectare  Deum  velut  a  machiuBy  qui  nodum  himc  plus  quam  Gordium 
evolvat.  At  mendicus,  Adeone  iu  dement  et  excor$y  lUfrettis  $omno,  quo 
nihil  i-naniiu,  hue  amperes  iter  f  Si  ht^juscemodi  nugis  esset  habetida 
Jidegy  poMsem  et  ego  me  cor^erre  Dordracum  ad  eruendum  thesaurum  sub 
cynoshaio  d^ossum  horti  ct^usdam  (fiierat  autem  hio  hortus  patris  som- 
iiiatoris  hujus),  mihi  itidem  pat^actum  in  somno.  Subticuit  alter,  et 
rem  omuem  sibi  declaratam  ezistimans  rediit  magno  cum  gaudio  Dordra- 
cum, et  sub  arbore  prsedicta  magnam  pecuni®  vim  invenit^  quse  ipsum 
liberavit  (ut  ita  dicam)  nezu,  inque  lautiore  fortona,  dissolute  omni  Kre 
alieno,  colliKavit." 

^  Dort.  "  Kempen. 


320 

We  see  by  this  extract  that  the  story  is  one  by  no  means 
confined  to  Norfolk,  but  equally  current  in  Holland  and  pro- 
bably elsewhere  on  the  Continent.  It  is  evidently  an  old  legend, 
located  by  popular  fancy  in  several  widely  distant  spots  (just 
like  that  of  Whittington  and  his  cat),  and  it  has  only  become 
connected  with  SwafFham  as  an  attempt  to  explain  the  for- 
gotten mystery  of  the  figure  of  the  chapman  and  his  pack  in 
the  parish  church. 

Modem  research  has  shown  that  a  very  large  proportion  of 
the  popular  legends  of  Europe  can  be  traced  in  their  oldest 
forms  to  the  East,  and  especially  to  the  early  Buddhist  writings, 
as  fables  and  stories  were  continually  used  by  the  Buddhist 
teachers  to '  illustrate  and  popularize  their  doctrines.  I  have 
not  succeeded  in  tracing  this  at  present  to  India  or  to  a 
Buddhist  source;  but  I  have  found  it  in  the  great  Persian 
metaphysical  and  religious  poem  called  the  Masnavi,  wiitten 
by  Jaldluddin,  who  died  about  A.  D.  1260,  and  therefore  it  may 
very  probably  have  come  to  him  from  a  still  more  Eastern 
home. 

I  subjoin  a  translation  of  the  legend  as  it  appears  in  the 
Mamavi,  only  slightly  compressing  it,  and  omitting  the  long 
metaphysical  and  mystical  digressions  with  which  the  author, 
more  mo,  continually  interrupts  the  course  of  the  story. 

In  his  prose  title  prefixed  to  the  chapter,  he  tells  his  readers 
that  the  man  is  sent  to  Cairo  to  learn  that  "a  man's  treasure  is 
only  to  be  sought  in  his  own  house,  though  he  may  have  to  go 
to  Egypt  to  find  it." 

A  certain  heir  in  Baghdad  possessed  boandless  wealth; 

He  wasted  it  all  and  was  left  destitate  and  forlorn. 

(Hereditary  wealth  is  never  faithful, 

For  unwillingly  it  parted  from  him  who  is  gone.) 

When  he  became  empty,  he  remembered  God, 

And  began  to  say  'O  God,  look  upon  me;' 

Ho  said  *0  God,  thou  gavest  me  wealth  and  it  is  gone; 

0  give  me  wealth  again  or  send  me  death.' 


321 

And  oue  night  he  saw  a  dream,  and  an  angeFi  voice  said  to  hlni, 

'In  Cairo  shall  thy  wealth  be  found; 

'In  a  certain  place  is  a  great  treaAure; 

'Thou  must  go  to  Cairo  in  search  for  it.' 

When  from  Baghdad  he  came  to  Cairo, 

His  back  became  hot  as  he  saw  the  face  of  the  country, 

In  his  hope  that  the  heavenly  voice  would  prove  true, 

That  so  he  might  find  a  treasure  there  to  banish  his  sorrow. 

The  voice  had  said  that  in  a  certain  street  in  a  certain  place 

A  treasure  of  marvellous  value  lay  buried. 

But  of  provisions,  little  or  much,  he  had  none  left; 

And  he  began  to  beg  of  the  common  people. 

But  shame  and  spirit  seized  the  hem  of  his  garment. 

And  be  began  to  gather  himself  up  for  endurance ; 

And  then  again  his  appetite  fretted  with  hunger, 

And  he  saw  no  escape  from  showing  his  want  and  begging. 

At  last  he  said  'I  will  go  out  sofdy  at  night, 

'That  in  the  darkness  I  may  not  feel  shame  at  begging. 

'Like  a  night-mendicant  I  will  pray  and  beg, 

'That  they  may  throw  me  half  a  ddnk  from  the  roofsi' 

In  this  thought  he  went  out  into  the  street^ 

With  this  intent  he  wandered  hither  and  thither. 

At  one  moment  shame  and  honour  stopped  him, 

At  another  hunger  said  to  him  'beg.* 

One  foot  forwards,  one  foot  backwards,  for  a  third  of  the  nighty 

Saymg,  'Shall  I  beg  or  shall  I  lie  down  with  parched  lipsT 

Suddenly  a  watchman  seized  him, 

And  angrily  beat  him  with  fist  and  stick. 

By  chance  it  had  h^pened  that  in  those  dark  nights 

The  inhabitants  had  been  greatly  vexed  with  robbers, 

And  the  Caliph  had  said,  'Cut  off  that  man's  hand, 

Whoever  wanders  abroad  at  night>  though  he  were  my  own  kinsman.' 

And  the  minister  had  sternly  threatened  the  watchmen, 

'Why  are  ye  so  pitiful  towards  the  robbers?' 

It  was  at  such  a  time  that  the  watchman  saw  him  and  smote  him, 

With  blows  of  stick  and  fist  without  number. 

The  poor  man  shrieked  and  cried  aloud  for  help ; 

'Strike  me  not,'  he  said,  'that  I  may  tell  thee  my  true  story.' 

He  answered,  'I  have  given  thee  a  respite,  speak  on; 

'Tell  me  how  thou  hast  come  out  by  night 

'Thou  art  not  of  this  place,  thou  art  a  stranger  and  one  unknown; 

'Tell  me  truly  in  what  treachery  art  thou  engaged. 

'The  officers  of  the  court  have  blamed  the  watchmen. 


322 

*  Saying,  "Why  are  the  thieves  now  so  manyt" 

'Their  number  is  made  up  of  thee  and  thy  friends, 

'Disclose  at  once  thy  evil  companions. 

*If  not,  I  will  take  on  thee  the  vengeance  for  all, 

'That  the  men  in  power  may  be  no  longer  bhuned.' 

The  other  replied,  after  many  oaths, 

'I  am  no  house-burner  or  purse-stealer; 

*I  am  no  robber  or  lawless  liver: 

'I  am  a  stranger  to  Cairo — a  man  of  Baghdad.' 

Then  he  told  the  story  of  the  dream  and  the  hidden  treasure  of  gold, 

And  the  heart  of  the  watchman  opened  at  its  truthfulness. 

The  heart  is  at  rest  in  upright  speech. 

As  a  thirsty  man  finds  rest  in  water. 

He  answered,  'Thou  art  no  thief  or  villain, 

*Thou  art  an  honest  man — only  an  owl  and  a  fooL 

'  For  such  a  fancy  and  dream  to  take  such  a  journey, 

'There  is  not  a  barley-corn's  worth  of  reason  in  thy  head. 

'Times  upon  times  have  1  seen  a  dream, 

'That  in  Baghdad  there  is  a  treasure  hidden, 

'Buried  in  such  a  street,  in  such  a  quarter,' 

(And  lo!  that  was  the  very  street  of  this  distressed  one,) 

'It  is  in  such  a  house,  go  thou  and  find  it,' 

(And  lo!  the  enemy  mentioned  his  own  name  as  that  of  the  house,} 

'Times  upon  times  have  I  seen  this  dream, 

'That  there  is  a  treasure  in  a  place  in  Baghdad; 

'But  in  spite  of  the  vision  I  never  stirred  from  my  place, 

'And  thou  from  a  dream  wilt  only  find  weariness  of  foot.' 

He  said  to  himself,  'The  treasure  is  in  my  own  house; 

'Why  then  should  I  have  poverty  and  sorrow  here? 

'I  have  been  dying  of  beggary  on  the  top  of  a  treasure, 

'Because  I  was  in  ignorance  and  behind  a  veil' 

At  the  good  news  he  became  drunk  with  joy  and  his  pain  was  gone, 

Silently  he  uttered  a  hundred  times  'Praise  to  God.' 

Back  to  Baghdad  he  returned  from  Cairo, 

Making  prostrations  and  bowings,  and  uttering  thanks  and  praise; 

All  the  way  amazed  and  drunk  with  joy  at  the  wonder. 

At  this  reverse  of  fortune  and  strange  journey  of  search. 

Note.    This  Communication  was  lurinted,  shortly  after  it  was  read  to 
the  Society,  in  the  Cambridge  Journal  of  Philology,  YoL  vi.,  pp.  189—195. 


XXXIIL  Notes  of  the  Episcopal  Visitation  of 
THE  Archdeaconry  of  Ely  in  1685.  Communi- 
cated by  Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Uni- 
versity Librarian. 


[May  24,  1876.] 


The  notes  which  are  here  laid  before  the  Society  are  the  me- 
moranda of  the  Episcopal  Visitation  of  the  Archdeaconry  of  Ely 
in  1685,  taken  at  the  time,  partly  in  the  handvsTiting  of  the 
Chancellor  of  the  diocese,  and  partly,  I  presume,  in  that  of  his 
clerk.  They  were  afterwards  worked  up  into  the  form  in  which 
they  appear  in  the  Bishop's  register.  But  as  such  autograph 
notes  do  not  often  come  to  light,  and  as  Episcopal  registers 
are  not  generally  very  easy  of  access,  I  have  asked  the  owner  to 
allow,  me  to  lay  them  before  our  Society  as  aflfording  a  view  of 
the  state  of  a  group  of  town  and  country  churches  as  they 
appeared  just  a  quarter  of  a  century  after  the  Bestoration.  The 
picture  is  such  as  will  scandalise  almost  any  one  of  the  rising 
generation,  though  there  are  yet  many  of  the  'older  inhabitants' 
who  can  recollect  a  state  of  things  if  not  as  bad,  yet  not  very 
much  better,  in  many  of  our  village  churches. 

The  papers  belong  to  Mr  John  Taylor,  of  Northampton,  who 
has  devoted  so  much  time  and  labour  to  the  illustration  of  the 
history  and  literature  of  his  own  county.     Mr  Taylor  tells  me 


324 


that  he  found  them  among  a  mass  of  waste  paper  which  was 
offered  for  sale  by  a  person  at  Market  Harborough,  not  long 
ago.  After  the  matter  had  been  worked  up  into  the  official 
entries  in  the  Bishop's  register,  the  memoranda  of  the  time 
must  have  been  left  among  loose  papers  *  of  no  account/  and  so 
eventually  turned  out  as  waste.  I  have  not  yet  been  able  to 
ascertain  who  the  Chancellor  was  at  this  time ;  whoever  he  was, 
he  wrote  a  good  scholarlike  hand. 

Some  of  the  sheets  are  no  doubt  wanting.  There  are  four- 
teen of  them,  all  loose  and  disconnected.  I  have  therefore 
sorted  them  into  two  packets  according  to  the  two  handwritings ; 
one  of  which  contains  the  parishes,  which  I  have  numbered 
I — ^Xiii,  and  the  other  xiv — LXVii.  For  further  arrangement, 
I  have  placed  the  separate  sheets  in  order  according  to  the 
dates  occurring  in  them,  beginning  with  the  earliest  Sheets 
5  and  6  have  each  lost  a  half.  By  means  of  the  following 
alphabetical  list  of  the  parishes  visited,  it  will  be  easy  to  find 
any  particular  one. 


List  of  Pabishes  mentionbo  in  ths  followiho  Notes. 


Abington  magna  18 

Abington  panra  19 

Babraham  17 

Balsham  16 

Barton  56 

Bas&ingbom  23 

Boxworth  27 

Cambridge : 
AU  HaUowg  46 
St  Andrews  47 
Bennet  65 
St  Buttolf  50 
St  Clements  49 
St  Edwards  52 
St  GUes  67 
Great  St  Maries  53 
Little  St  Maries  51 
St  Peters  66 
St  Sepulchres  48 
Trinity  46 

Castle  camps  15 

Shndi  oamps  14 

Chatteris  6 


Chettisham  10 
Childerly  28 
Comberton  44 
Cottenham  35 
Coveney  12 
Croyden  63 
Doddington  7 
Downham  9 
Dry  Drayton  29 
Elsworth  87 
Gamlingay  42 
Grandchester  54 
Little  Grandsden  38 
Haddenham  3 
Harleton  55 
East  Hatley  40 
Hungry  Hatley  41 
Hildersham  20 
Histon  58 
Impington  57 
Lollworth  30 
Maddingly  21 
Meepole  5 


Melbnm  22 
Meldreth  60 
Newton  13 
Oakington  59 
Orwell  62 
Over  33 
Pampesford  24 
Hampton  34 
Sarston  25 
Great  Shelford  31 
Stapleford  26 
Long  Stow  39 
Sntton  4 
Tadlow64 
Toft  43 

Tmmpington  82 
Wentworth  2 
Whaddon  61 
Wichamll 
Wichford  1 
Wilberton  8 
Willingham  36 


325 


[Sheet  1,  leaf  1]         I.    WiCHFORD.   Aug,  18. 

Vicar,     Mr  Bambridge.  Value.     £60  per  an. 

Patron,  Dr  Gower  in  right  of  the  Deane  and  Chapter  of 
Ely. 

0.  The  Chchyard  to  be  well  fenct  and  cleared  from  Weeds 
and  Bushes. 

Order.    The  \  p,         „  to  be  painted,  plasterd,  whited. 

Order.  The  Font  to  bee  kept  Cleane,  with  a  Plugg  and 
Cover.     And  Baptisme  not  to  bee  performd  with  a  Bason. 

Order.  The  Vicaridge  house  to  bee  Repaird,  or  rather  Re- 
built, for  the  pittifull  old  Cottage  is  Irreparable. 

NB.  This  parish  is  very  Conformable.  All  come  well  to 
Church  and  Sacraments.    Above  100  Communicants. 

(Lady  Walker  and  Colonel  Phil.  Herbert  are  the  onely 
persons  of  Quality  that  have  an  Interest  of  estates  in  this 
Parish, 

Qv^re.  Is  not  the  Schoolemaster  a  Fanatick  ?  I  was  told 
that  Hee  is  one.    Then  lett  him  bee  prohibited*.) 

[1.  1]  II.    Wentworth.    Aug.  18. 

Rector.    Mr  Appleford,  Value.    £60  per  an. 

Patron.    Deane  and  Chapter  of  Ely. 
The  Chancell  is  newly  Repair'd  in  part. 

■     The  Chancell  to  bee  finish t,  plasterd,  whited. 
The  Church  w*'^  is  in  a  most  ruinous  condition 
Order.     ,   to  bee  forthwith  Repaird. 

The  Churchyard  to   be   fenct  better,  for  tis 
.  miserably  unpall'd,  and  freed  from  Weedes. 
The  Rectory  house  is  tolerably  well. 

^  These  two  paragpraphs  seem  to  refer  to  this  parish ;  but  I  am  not 
certain  about  it,  as  they  are  written  on  the  other  half  of  the  sheet. 


326 

N.  B.     No  sort  of  Dissenter  in  the  parish. 

Ab*  20  familys. 

Ab'  30  Communicants. 

The  Incumbent  appears  Diligent  in  Catechizing. 


[2.  1]  III.    Haddenham.    Aug.  18.  85. 

Curate,     Mr  Patrick. 

Value.     £50  per  an.     Once  neere  £100.     Spoyld  by  Divid- 
ing rF[  ]. 

Impropriator.    Archdeacon,. 
Impropriation  very  considerable. 
About  1000  persons  ought  to  Communicate. 
Not  above  30  or  40  Actually  doe  Communicate. 
Men  of  better  note  in  the  parish  are  these 
Mr  March,  a  Justice  of  Peace. 
Mr  John  Towers. 
Mr  Thomas  Towers. 
Mr  Pamplyn. 
Mr  Bland. 
The  Curate  appeares  CarefuU  and  do*s  constantly  Catechize. 
Oi'der.    A  sylver  Patin  for  the  Bread  instead  of  a  Trencher 
w***  now  they  use. 

Order.    A  Napkin  to  be  bought  to  Cover  y*  Bread. 
Order,    The  Pale  to  bee  removd  out  of  the  Font  and  a  plug 
to  bee  putt  in :  The  Font  to  bee  kept  cleane. 

Oi^der.  One  of  the  pillars  is  much  broaken.  Divers  places 
in  the  church  are  dangerously  crackt.  The  steeple  is  like  to  fall 
Lett  all  these  things  bee  mended  out  of  hand. 

Recommend  the  speciall  Care  of  this  Important  place  to  the 
Archdeacon. 

f  Plaster'd. 
Order,    The  Church  and  Chancell  to  bee  \  Tm.'j.  j 

(  Whited. 


327 


[2.  2]  IV.    SUTTOK.    Aug.  19!  86. 

Vicar.    Mr  Gregory.  Valtie.    £60  per  an. 

p         '  J  Deane  and  chapter  of  Ely. 

Tenant.  Captain  Story.  Value  of  y*  Parsonage  £100 
per  an. 

0.  The  Church  to  bee  speedily  and  thoroughly  repair'd^ 
for  it  is  in  a  Lamentable  Case,  and  is  a  most  noble  structure. 

Order.  The  Chancell  to  be  also  repaird,  for  that  is  in  worse 
Condition  than  even  y*  Church  is»  The  very  Walls  of  the 
Chancell  like  to  fall. 

Recommend  it  effectually  to  y*  Deane  and  Chapter  that 
they  require  of  their  Tenant  to  mend  all  in  y*  ChancelL 

Order.    The  Churchyard  to  be  better  fenct. 

(On  opposite  side)  {Order.  That  ye  Schoole  bee  no  longer 
Taught  in  y*  Church). 

NB.  There  is  in  this  Parish  a  Schoole  endowd  w*  £20 
per  an.  The  schoolem'  (Mr  Poole)  is  putt  in  by  the  Deane  and 
chapter^ 

No  Papist  in  this  Parish,  But  six  familys  of  Quakers. 

The  Vicaridge  house  is  most  lamentable  and  Decrepitt, 
never  Tolerable,  never  a  Chamber  in  it. 

Order.  The  Church  to  bee  kept  cleane  for  y*  future,  it 
lyes  most  sordidly  for  the  present. 

Order.  The  Font  to  be  cleansd  and  kept  coverd,  and  that 
there  bee  no  Christning  w^  a  Bason. 

(On  opposite  page)  {Order.  A  chest  w**  three  locks  and  the 
Register  to  be  kept  there.) 

Order.  That  a  silver  Patin  bee  provided  for  y*  Coromunion 
Bread. 

Order.    A  Booke  of  Homilys,  Canons,  Table  of  Matrimony. 

The  vicar  seemes  to  Discharge  his  Trust  Well. 

23 


828 


[8. 1]  V.   Meepole.  Aug.  19. 

Bedtor.    Mr  Gr^ory  of  Sutton.  Val^te. 

Farsoru  Patron. 

The  Church  a  very  small  one. 

Order,  The  Chancell  to  be  Bepaird^  for  tis  in  a  rainoas 
condition. 

Order^  The  Carpett  for  the  Communion-Table  to  bee  pro- 
vided (that  w^  they  use  being  a  sordid  one). 

Order.  The  floore  of  ye  Chanoeli  to  be  mended ;  tis  sunk 
downe  at  pres\ 

Order.  The  Font  to  be  made  cleane  and  kept  so.  Tis 
useless  now  for  want  of  a  plugg  and  hold's  no  Water. 

Mr  Fortiy  (the  present  Highsheriff)  the  onely  Gentleman 

in  y*  place. 

Mr  Whinne) 

Mr  Carter  J  well  affected  Yeomen. 

Mr  Button,  The  Schoolemaster  licensed  and  teaches  our 
Chateohisme. 

One  female  Quaker  in  the  parisK 

Order.  The  Church  to  be  Swept  and  made  decent.  Then 
the  Churchwardens  to  see  that  y^  Gierke  do  keep  it  sa 

Order.  Homilys.  Canons.  Table.  Bible  and  two  Com* 
mon-prayer  bookes  to  be  wellbound. 

Order.  A  Chest  w^  three  Locks  and  the  parish  Register 
to  bee  kept  there  Lockt  upp.  ^ 

[3.  2]  VL   Chattebis.  Aug.  19. 

Vicar.    Mr  Strong.  Value.    £40  per  an. 

Impropriator,    Mr  Heately.        Value.    £160  per  an. 
Mr  Caryl,  a  Gentleman  ha*s  a  fine  Seat  hard  by. 
The  parish  abound's  w^  Quakers. 
0.    The  Chancell  to  be  repaird. 


S29 

The  Leadworke  w***  is  faulty  to  be  mended. 

The  floore  to  be  well  pavd.    The  Windowes  mended. 

Order.    The  Font  to  be  cleansd,  and  a  plugg  and  a  decent 
Cover  provided. 

The  Church  to  be  kept  alwayes  cleane.    All  the  holes  stopt 
that  no  Vermine  or  Birds  may  gett  in. 

A  booke  of  Homilys,  Canons,  Table. 

The  Bible  and  all  the  Church-bookes  to  be  well  bound. 

The  Chest  to  have  three  Locks. 

The  Register  to  be  laid  upp  there. 


[3.  2]  VII.    DODDINGTON.  Aug.  20. 

Hector.    Dr  Nalson.  Vahie.    Neere  £400  per  an. 

Patron.    S'  Sewster  Peyton. 
The  Chch  and  Chancell  needs  much  Repairing. 
Order.    That  it  be  done  speedily  and  eflfectually. 
£20  per  an.  Fabrick  Land. 

^  ^  ^  I  Gentlemen  y*  have  Interest  there. 

S' Sewster  Peyton)  / 


[4.  1]  VIIL     WiLBERTON.  Aug.  27. 

Ou/rate.    Mr  Smith.  Valtie. 

PcUron.    Archdeacon. 

Tenant  to  the  Archdeacon,  S'  Will.  Wren. 

Ab*  100  Communicants. 

Every  thing  heere  very  Decent. 

The  Chancell  and  Church  in  good  repaire. 

Prayers  heere  uppon  Wednesdays  and  Fridayes. 

A  Townehouse  Worth  ab*  £4  per  an.  for  the  poore. 

23—2 


330 


[4. 1]  IX.    DowNHAM.  Aug.  30. 

Rector.    Mr  John  Saywell.  Value,    £140  per  an. 

Bxtrm.    Bp  of  Ely. 

Parsonage  house  and  Outhouses  in  good  repair. 

The  parish  a  very  Orderly  One. 

Two  or  Three  Stubbome  Quakers. 

Two  or  Three  Children  Unbaptiz'd,  borne  of  a  Jew,  his 
name  Washingden. 

Constant  Catechising  and  keeping  Holydayes. 

[4. 1,  2]     X.    Chettishah.     Bept  5.     A  Chappell  of  ease  to 

S»Mar/8. 

Curate.    Mr  Bentham.  Value.    £20  per  an. 

Pdlron.    Deane  and  Chapter. 

This  Chappell  is  ruinous,  and  nasty.    Tum'd  into  a  Doto 
house. 

Order.    That  the  Holes  w**  the  Birds  come  in  bee  stopt* 

That  all  be  Cleansd  and  kept  Cleana 

That  all  be  Bepaird  and  Whited. 

Order.    That  a  Bible  bee  gotten,  for  yet  there  is  none, 
a  Book  of  Homilysl 

That  <     Book  of  Canons  >  be  bought 
,  Table  of  Degreesj 

AV  18  or  20  Communicants  in  this  [  .] 

No  Dissenter. 

Ord&r.    The  Font  to  be  Washt,  &  kept  cleane  w*^  jc^S. 

Order.    The  Westend  of  the  Chappell,  w**  is  Dangerously 
crackt,  to  bee  Secur'd. 

[4.  2]  XI.    WiCHAM.  Sept  6. 

Vkar.    Mr  Jazon.  Vahi^e.    About  £80  per  an. 

Riiron.    Deane  and  Chapter.     Tenant  for  the  Or.  Tith  Mrs 
Dillingham. 


331 

Not  ODe  Dissenter  heere.     192  Communicants. 
Steeple  much  Crackt,  But  already  mended. 
Yicaridge  house  in  good  repair. 


[4.  2]  XII.     COVENEY.  8^t  6. 

Hector.    Mr  Gottbed.  Value  £60  per  an. 

Ihtron.    Mr  Drake. 

A  wicked  Modus  spoyles  this  Living.  The  parish  being 
twelve  miles  Compass^  the  value  w^  be  great  but  for  y*  composi- 
tion. 

Out  of  this  £60  he  pays  the  Curate  of  Maney  a  Chappell 
of  ease. 

Order.  The  Font  to  be  cleansd,  to  have  a  plugg  and  Cover, 
and  christnings  to  be  no  more  w^  a  Bason. 

Order.  The  pavem*  of  the  Chch  to  be  mended  w"*  it  is 
broaken. 

Order.  That  Mr  Qottbed  do  pave  the  Chancell,  as  he 
promises  to  doe. 

Order.    A  new  Communion-Carpett. 

Ab*  50  Communicants.    Never  any  Dissenter  heere. 

One  Mrs.  Halyburton^  a  papist  lives  at  Maney  w^  Mr 
Widdrington. 


[6. 1]  XIII.    Newton.  Sq>t  17,  1685. 

Vicar.  late  Curate  to  Dr  Harrison. 

Patron.    Dr  Harrison  in  right  of  the  Deane  and  Chapter 
of  Ely. 
Value. 

'  paving  y*  floore  moyst  and  greene. 

Chancell  wants  *  pointing  and  Tyling 

^  Whiting. 


The  Clarke  want's  a  Common-prayer-booke.  This  is  Torne 
and  spoyld. 

(Hood 
The»W«.ta.   ^^^  ,H«mUy. 

( Canons. 

There  wants  a  Table  of  Degrees  of  Kindred. 

The  Font  is  foule  and  want's  a  plugg,  and  a  better  Cover. 

There  Wants  a  Patin^  and  they  use  a  Trencher  instead. 

There  want  Locks  uppon  the  Chest. 

The  Register  is  not  kept  as  it  ought  under  Three  Locks  and 
keys. 

The  Lead  worke  neere  the  porch  is  bad  and  it  raine's  in. 

Both  Church  and  Chancell  want  Slatting. 

The  Churchyard  is  Weedy  and  ill  fenct  in  some  places. 

There  are  in  all  ab*  30  familys  in  the  parish. 

The  Vicaridge-house  is  a  pittifuU  Cottage. 

Mr  Swann,  the  onely  man  of  Condition  in  the  parish,  who 
is  Tenant  to  the  Deane  and  Chapter.^ 

16.  2]  XIV.    Shudicamps.  Sept.  y»  9*^. 

Mr  WignelL    Vicar.    0.  D.  P.  a  Venerable  hum[  .] 

Value.    £25  per  Annum. 

Trin.  Coll.  f  -Pctr^oTW.    Value  £60  per  Annum. 

\  Pairons. 
The  Chancell  in  a  wretched  condition  y*  g[  .] 

Noe  Patin,  noe  Book  of  Homilies,  Cannons,  noe  Cha[         .] 
Noe  Carpet  layd  on«  noe  Linnen  for  the  Altar. 
Noe  Bible  but  of  an  old  Edition  100  years  agoe. 
The  Common  Prayer-book  torn  and  defective. 
The  Seats  in  y*  Chancell  spoyld,  y*  Dore  broak. 

^  With  Newton  ends  what  I  have  above  assumed  to  be  in  the  Chancel- 
lor's own  handwriting.  All  the  remaining  sheets  are  in  the  bandwritii^ 
which  I  have  assumed  to  be  that  of  his  clerk. 


The  Register  to  be  kept  under  3  Locks. 
Mr  Salmon  Tenant  to  Mr  Simon  Sterne. 
The  Body  of  the  Church  wants  paving  and  Pkistring  y* 
Seats  are  broaken. 

The  Church-porch  unpaved. 

The  Font  wants  a  Plugg.    A  Town-house. 

The  Yicaridge-house  in  a  falling  lamentable  Condition. 

About  30  Families. 

Mr 


Mr  R^  Bridge. 
Mr  Yates. 
Mr  WiUmgs. 
Lady  Allington. ' 
Mr  Turner. 
Well 


Cent 


estates  here. 


[6.  2]  XV.    [Castlb  CA]MPa  Sept.  y«  S**. 

#  #  #  #  # 

[  ]d  plaistred  both  whole 

andtite.   y*FoatweIL 

[  ]  kept,  a  Hood  and  Patin  wanting. 

[  ]ooks  spoiled  and  torn. 

The.Bible  to  be  new  bound    Noe  Book  of  Homilies. 

Noe  School  Here.    The  Parsonage  house  Very  welL 

About  50  Families  and  about  140  Communicants. 

Noe  Dissenters  tho  many  Sluggarda 

Mr  Scott  of  Bennet  ColL  Mr  of  the  Castile. 

[6.  2]  XVL    Balshim.  Bgpt  y^  9*^. 

Sector.    Dr  Templar.  Value.    £300  per  Annum. 

Patron.    Charter-house. 

The  Church  very  fair,  y*  Body  of  it  wants  mending. 
The  Chancell  Seats  and  Canopy  broaken. 


334 

Some  paving  wanting.  The  Stepp  to  y*  Altar  is  very  tigh, 
y*  Rails  to  be  restored. 

The  Olerks  book  tom«  A  Book  of  Homilies  and  Table  of 
Marriages  wanting. 

4  Excom'.    2  Quakers.    2  Anabaptists. 

About  250  Communicants.    16  Presented  for  neglect. 

The  Parsonage-house  very  well. 

1  Good  Scool-Dame  constant  at  Church.  Another  a 
Fanatick  never  comes. 

Mr  Linsey  Gent. 

[7.1]  XVII.     B  ABRAHAM. 

Vicar.    Mr  Barker.    Held  by  Sequestrat. 

Value.  About  £25  per  Annum.  Some  Land  belonging  to  it. 

Impropriator.    S'  Lavin'  Bennett 

Patron.    Ifl  Keeper  for  the  King. 

The  Bible  wants  binding  only. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  better. 

A  Book  of  Cannons  to  be  bought. 

The  Chancell  wants  little  only  y*  Seats  a  little  boarding 
and  2  small,  lights  want  glazing. 

The  Seats  in  the  Church  want  much  boarding. 

The.  Font  in  the  Church  wants  a  Plugg  and  a  Cover. 

Some  paving  wanting  in  y^  Church. 

The  Church-Porch  ill  crackt  and  wants  painting  and 
paving. 

The  Church-Yard  ore-grown  w***  weeds. 

Noe  Dissenter  of  any  kind.    About  20  Famylieai* 

Oent :   S'  Levin  Bennet.    Mr  Joselyn. 

[7. 1]  XVIII.    Abington  Magna. 

Vicar.    Mr  Boughton.     Held  by  Sequestration. 
Patron,    Mr  Bennet. 


335 

Value.    Not  full  £20  per  Annum. 

ImpropricUar.    Mr  Benuet. 

The  Chancell-floaring  is  all  green  for  it  stands  upon  springs 
and  besides  it  wants  paving  much  and  seat-boarding. 

The  Windows  all  break  to  be  mended. 

Order.  2  new  Common  Prayer-books.  A  new  Carpet, 
new  Cover  for  y^  Font  and  a  Book  of  Homilies,  and  the  setting 
up  y®  Seats  as  farr  as  they  will  goe. 

The  whole  Church  pittifuU  and  thatcht  and  that  eztream 
ill  great  Holes  in  it  at  w^  y^  Pidgeons  come  in,  once  a  Hand* 
some  Chiux^h  now  a  Dismall  one. 

Turn  y*  Desk,  the  Church  wants. paving. 

Noe  Yicaridge  House  a  poor  one  burnt  down  25  year  agoe. 

About  45  Families.  Noe  Dissenter  except  2  Quakers,  One 
Excom'  for  not  paying  Tithes  these  2  Abingtons  served  mom 
and  Afternoon  interchangeably. 

A  noble  from  Clarehall  given  by  Mr  Boughton  half  to  y* 
poor  half  to  y*  Church. 

[7. 1]         XIX.    ABmoTON  Paeva.    Sept  y*  18*^. 

Vicar.  *  Mr  Boughton. 

Patron.    BP  of  Ely. 

Value.    About  £20  per  Annimi  held  by  Institution. 

Impropriator.    Mrs  Dalton. 

The  Chancell  windows  are  broaken. 

Green  Raggs  are  hung  in  a  pue. 

Chancell  and  Church  want  whiting. 

The  Church  wants  tyling  pointing. 

The  tiles  to  be  removed. 

Sentences  obliterated  to  be  restored. 

Chancell  to  be  paved  where  wanting. 

The  Brick-work  in  y*  Porch  to  be  mended. 

A  Book  of  Cannons  to  be  bought  and  a  Patin  now  wanting. 


886 

Noe  Dissenter,  about  20  Families  and  none  Excomnnicate 
but  Winter  Flood. 

The  Yicaridge  house  Well,  a  Noble  {rem  Clarehall,  12  Acres 
of  Land. 

Oent.  Mr  Bennet,  comes  to  Church  here  but  lives  in  tother 
Abingdon. 

[7.  1]  XX.     HiLDBESHAM.  Sq>t  y*  18**. 

Rector.    Mr  Smith. 

Patron.    Mr  Smith  Himselfe. 

Value.    About  £100  per  Annum. 

Lady  Colson  Lady  of  the  Mannor. 

A  Side-Chappell  much  dilapidated  but  now  repairing. 

The  Pavement  wants  some  mending. 

Some  Seats  want  boarding. 

The  Chancell  and  Church  want  whiting  and  some  plastering. 

A  Patin  wanting.    The  Hood  to  be  new  lined. 

The  Rayls  to  be  sett  up.    A  Patin  wanting. 

The  Yestry  to  be  cleard  of  Tyles  and  filth  and  to  be  repaird. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  under  3  Locks. 

A  Terrier  to  be  brought  in  to  y®  Registers  Office. 

24  Families.    Noe  Alehouse. 

Noe  Seperatist.    All  come  well  to  Church. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  Holy-dajs. 

The  Bible  to  be  bound. 

0.    A  new  Common  Prayerbook  to  be  bought. 

Charity  a  noble  from  Clare-HaU. 

Parsonage  house  and  garden  very  well.    A  good  Houseu 

[7.  2]  XXI.    Maddinglt.  Sept  26. 

Vicar.    Mr  Value  £50  per  annum. 

Patron.  \ 


837 

The  Font  foul  and  noe  Plugg.    Some  Seats  want  boarding. 
Two  Heaps  of  Lime  and  Stone  in  Comers  to  be  removed. 
New  boards  for  the  Bearenow  in  peices. 
The  Church  and  Chancell  to  be  whited. 
3  Locks  to  be  sett  upon  the  Chest  for  y^  better  keeping  of 
the  B«gister. 

Some  underpinning  and  plastering  wanting  in  the  ChancelL 

The  2  Porches  want  Tyling. 

The  Chancell  wants  pointing  and  some  tyling. 

The  Sentences  to  be  renewd. 

Two  new  Prayer-books  wanting. 

A  new  book  of  Homilies  and  Cannons  wanting. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  Holy-days. 

£6  or  £7  per  annum  given  to  y*  Church. 

The  Vxcaridge  house  new  built 

[7.  2]  XXIL    Melbdkn.  Oct.  y*  12*^. 

Vicar,    Mr  Day.  Value  about  £40  per  Annum. 

Patron.^  ^  ,  ^,  ^  „, 

Parson,]  ^^^  ^""^  ^^^^'  ""^  ^^' 

Terumt.    S'  Ben  Ailoffi 

The  Chancell- Walls  decayd  for  want  of  Plastering. 

The  Chancell  floar  very  bad. 

The  Chancell  window  very  faulty  and  stopt  up. 

The  Chancell  Seats  broaken. 

The  Ministers  and  Clerks  Conunon  Prayer-book  want 
binding. 

The  Font  nasty  an  ill  Plugg  and  a  worse  Cover. 

The  Church  needs  much  paving. 

The  Chest  to  have  3  Locks  and  the  Register  to  be  kept 
there. 

The  Seats  in  the  Church  want  boarding. 

Homilies  and  Cannons  wanting. 


S38 

The  Church-porch  w^  huge  deep  Pitts  in  it  to  bee  new 
floaxd. 

The  Min'  p'tends  constant  Catechizing. 

About  70  Families.  about  12  Families  Holdcraft' 

Disciples. 

One  Metcalf  an  Anabaptist  Ezcom'. 

The  Vicaridge  House  w***  ye  Out-houses  reasonably  good 
and  well  in  Repairs. 

\7.  2]  XXIII.    Bassingborn.  Oct.  1^. 

Vicar.    Mr  Searles. 

Patron.\    Dean  and  Chap'  of  Westminster  value  £400  per 
Farson  J        Annum. 
Tenant.    Mr  Kgott. 

Value  of  the  Vicaridge  £80  per  Annum.    A  fair  Church. 
The  Chancell  leaded  and  all  well 

Noe  Fatin,  the  Seats  unbearded,  the  Chest  wants  three 
Locks  y^  Register  to  be  kept  there. 

The  Steeple  crackt  much  and  dangerously. 

The  Church  wants  floaring,  whiting. 

The  Font  foul,  noe  Plugg. 

Sentences  obliterated  to  be  restored. 

Scoolm'  Mr  Tingay  School  unlicensed.    Noe  Free  School 

Families  150,  Noe  Dissenters  many  Sluggards. 

[8. 1]  XXIV.    Pampesford.  Sept.  y*  18*^. 

Vicar.    Mr  Bowtell  of  Kings. 

Vaiw  abput  £20  per  Annum. 

Patron,  ) 

Impropnatari  ^'  "^^^^ 

The  Chancell  and  Church  want  a  little  pointing  and  whiting. 

The  Lime  and  Tyles  to  be  removed  out  of  the  Church. 

The  Font  foul  and  wants  a  Plugg. 


339 

The  Church  better  then  most. 

Homilies,  Cannons,  Table  of  Degrees  to  be  provided. 

The  Clerks  book  torn,  a  better  to  be  bought. 

The  Rayls  to  be  restored  to  y^  Altar. 

The  Register  to  be  lockt  up  as  it  ought. 

About  30  Families.    Not  one  Dissenter  of  any  kind. 

Constant  Catechizing.    Holy-days  well  kept. 

Most  come  to  y*  Holy  Sacram*.    Noe  Gentleman. 

The  Parish  very  poor. 

£10  or  £12  per  annum  given  to  y*  repairing  of  the  Church. 

Vicaridge  very  pittifull  part  of  it  burnt  10  or  12  year  agoe. 

[8. 1]  XXV.    Sarston.  Bept.  18**>. 

Vicar.    Mr  Haslop  of  Kings,  Mr  Haslop. 

Value.    £15  per  Annum  y^  Saffron  lost  w^  impoverishes  it. 

Patnm.  \    Mr  Greenhaigh  of  Harston  guardian  for  his 

Improprtator)        nephew  a  minor. 

The  Great  Tithes  about  £100  per  Annum. 

Hood,  Homilies,  Cannons,  Table  of  Marriage,  all  wanting 
and  a  Patin; 

T®  Min'  non  Resident  not  Constant  Catechizing  nor 
Holy-days. 

The  Bible  to  be  bound. 

A  new  Common  Prayerbook  to  be  bought. 

The  Church  walls  want  Plastering  within  and  w^'^out 

The  Chancell  a  dunge  on  the  Windows  stopt  up  w^  pease- 
straw. 

The  Chancell  wants  Seat-boarding,  paving,  glazing,  Plaster- 
ing.  Whiting. 

The  Rails  to  be  restored  from  y*  Belfiy  to  y^  Altar,  and  the 
Altar  steps  to  be  raised  as  heretofore. 

The  Dore  so  broaken  y*  Hoggs  may  creep  under  it. 

An  old  Vestry  open  to  y*  Air. 


340 

The  Font  nasty  and  noe  Plugg. 

The  Church-yard  weedy  and  full  of  Elders,  the  Walls  thereof 
want  coping,  the  Hoggs  have  rooted  up  the  Graves. 

Vicaridge-house  tumd  to  an  Ale-house  and  a  sign  upon  y* 
Dore,  it  rents  for  £6  per  Annum^  2*  6*  from  y*  Vicaiidge 
house  to  y*  poor. 

£50  a  year  in  Charity  to  y*  Church  and  poor. 

About  60  Families.    Noe  Dissenters  but  Esqr  Huddleston. 

[8. 1]  XXVI.    Staplefobd.  8^1  y^  18*»». 

Vicar,    Mr  Beaumont 

Value.    £60  per  Annum.     Saffiron  lost 

Patron*    Dr  Beumont  for  y*  Dean  and  Chapt.  of  Ely. 

Tenant.    Mr  Wakefield. 

Undertenant.    Mr  Peters. 

The  Church  half  thatcht  and  half  tyled,  the  vexy  thatch 
rotten. 

The  Sentences  obliterated. 

The  Seats  in  the  Church  want  boaniing,  they  are  much 
broaken. 

The  Church-Wall  leans,  needs  Buttresses  on  y*  other  side  y* 
Sparrs  coming  down. 

The  Church-porch  wants  pointing. 

The  Body  of  the  Church  to  be  paved,  the  font  has  noe  plugg 
and  a  bad  Cover. 

The  Church-yard  full  of  Weeds  and  ill  fenced. 

The  Bench  behind  the  Altar  to  be  pulld  down. 

The  Chancell  windows  broaken.  the  Saints  Bell  now  crackt 
to  be  new  cast. 

The  Church  very  foul,  full  of  heaps  of  tyle  and  dust. 

Noe  Dissenter  of  any  sort         about  60  Families. 

A  Common  Player-book  to  be  provided  for  y*  Clerk. 

The  poor-mans  Box  w%ut  a  Cover.    A  hood  westing. 


S41 

The  Register  to  be  well  kept,  HomiUes  Cannons  Table  of 
Degrees  to  be  provided 

3  Town-Houses  for  y*  Poor.  Catechizing  and  Holy-days 
observed 

[8.  2]  XXVII.    BoxwoRTH.  8ept  y*  19*^. 

BecUyr.    Mr  Smith  of  S*  Johns. 

Patron.    Mr  Cutts. 

Value  about  £140  per  Annum. 

Noe  Cover  nor  plugg  to  y*  Font  but  a  Bason. 

The  Seats  in  the  Church  want  paving,  boarding,  floaring. 

The  Clerk  has  noe  Book.    The  Desk  to  be  turned. 
<    The  Register  to  be  well  kept 

The  Church  and  Chancell  need  whiting. 

In  one  place  of  the  Church  it  rains  in. 

A  Table  of  Degrees,  a  Hood,  a  Terrier  wanting. 

The  Parsonage-house  found  very  ruinous  but  much  repaird 
and  more  doing  apace. 

Noe  poor  in  this  Parish. 

About  20  Families,  noe  Dissenters,  a  Regular  Parish  only 
Servants  come  not  to  y®  Sacram\ 

None  Excom'.    Noe  Gent 

Childerly  Parish  come  hither  to  Church* 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  Holy  days. 

[8.2]  XXVm.    Childerly. 

2  Rectories  swallowd  up,  and  2  Parishes  depopulated. 
Rector.    Mr  Smith  of  Boxworth.       Value.    £3  per  Annum. 
A  pretty  Chappell  there.    Scarce  any  Inhabitant  there. 

[8.  2]  XXIX.    Dry-Drayton.  Sept  y*  19*^. 

Rector.    Dr  Peachill.  Value.    £100  per  Annum. 

Poitron.    Mr.  Weld. 


342 

Town  Stock  4  mark  per  Annum.    The  Church-porch  untiled. 

The  Church-yard  not  well  fenced. 

The  town-plough  to  be  removed  out  of  the  Church, 

Some  Seats  in  the  Church  unbearded. 

Some  of  the  Pavem*  Sunk.     The  font  foul  without  a  Plugg. 

The  Chest  stands  open,  y®  Register  not  well  kept* 

Noe  Patin,  noe  Cannons,  y*  Bible  defective. 

Stones  and  Timber  to  be  removed  out  of  the  Chancell. 

The  Chancell  wants  paving  and  seat-boarding. 

A  wretched  Carpet.    The  Chancell  and  Church  want  whiting. 

The  Chancell  Crackt,  leaning  it  requires  Buttresses  or  much 
repairing. 

About  60  Families,  2  or  3  Dissenters,  Holdcrafks  Disciples. 

One  old  Excommimicate  Person  Mr  Will:  Oifford. 

Mr  Weld  a  suspected  Papist,  the  Chief  Gent 

The  Parsonage-House  pulld  down  about  8  or  10  years  ago, 
by  leave  from  my  Predecessour.  It  was  a  fine  new  House  and 
only  pulld  down  for  Mr  Welds  prospect. 

The  Stable  and  Out-houses  pulld  down,  and  y®  place  whereon 
they  stood  paled  round,  and  laid  to  Mr  Welds  house. 

Order,  a  Terrier  to  be  brought  in  for  y*  Ground. 

[9. 1]  XXX.    LoLLWORTH.  Sept  y^  19*»». 

Rector.     Mr  Dey.  Value,     £60  per  Annum. 

Patron,  \ 

X*  of  the  Manor.  J  ^  Edwards  of  Huntingdon. 

The  Church- Yard  wants  fencing  and  weeding. 

The  Church-Seats  want  boarding  and  floaring. 

The  Font  is  foul  and  wants  a  Plugg  and  Cover. 

The  Church  and  Chancell  want  Plastering,  whiting. 

The  Chancell  Pavem*  is  sunk.    The  Carpet  not  laid  on. 

Noe  Homilies,  noe  Hood,  noe  booke  of  Cannons. 

The  Chest  wants  3  Locks  y^  Register  to  be  kept  there. 


343 

The  Altar  to  be  fastned.    The  Belfry  full  of  Heaps  of  dust. 

It  rains  in  upim  the  Readers  Few.    A  Terrier  to  be  renewd. 

The  Parsonage  house  mean  some  part  of  it  ruinous,  yet  £300 
layd  out  upon  House  and  Outhouse,  but  some  few  years  since 
by  the  Present  Incumbent. 

Somew*  given  for  y*  repair  of  a  Causey  to  y*  Church. 

7  or  8  Acres  of  Land  given  to  y*  Church  and  poor,  but  now 
embeziled. 

About  7  or  8  Commimicants,  Town  stock  2  Cows,  but  now 
imbezilld. 

One  Dissenter  of  Holcrafts,  but  Shees  Excommunicate. 

Some  suspected  of  Fornication. 

But  13  Families.     Six  of  them  Cottagers.    Noe  Gent. 

[9. 1]        XXXI.    Great  Shelford.    Sept  20^. 

The  Vicar.    Mr  Crompton  held  by  Sequestration. 

Patron.    Y«  Bp.  of  Ely. 

Valv>e.     20  mark  per  annum. 

ColL  Turner  of  Saflfron-Walden  tenant  to  Jesus  ColL 

The  Parsonage  worth  200  per  annum,  70  or  £80  per  annum 
lost  in  the  Saffron. 

Scarce  anything  mended  here  this  40  years. 

The  Church  Seats  want  boarding.    The  Font  well. 

The  Church  and  Chancell  want  whiting. 

The  Vestry  all  ruinous.     The  Register  to  be  better  kept. 

A  good  Vicaridge  House. 

Tenn  pounds  per  Annum  to  y*  Poor.  2  or  3  Dissenters 
Excomm\  * 

Gent',  Mr  Baron  and  his  nephew. 

The  Chancell  roof 


the  Lead  work 
The  Stonework 
The  Timber 


all  rotten. 


24 


344 

A  good  Vicaridge  House. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  Holy  days. 

[9.2]  XXXII.    Tbumpington.    Sept.  22*. 

Dr  Linnet  Vicar. 

Value  of  Mr  Thoradikes  Augment :  £70  per  annum. 
The  Vicar  stands  to  reparations. 

The  Lease  worth  £140  per  Annum.    The  Vicar  pays  £70 
per  Annum  to  y*  Coll. 

The  Bible  wants  many  Chapters. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  in  y*  Chest  under  3  Locks. 

The  Side-Chappell  wants  paving. 

Some  Seats  want  Boarding.    Noe  Booke  of  Homilies. 

The  Church-Yard  ill  fenced. 

The  Vicaridge-house  in  good  plight. 

About  70  Families,    but  one  Stiff  dissenter. 

The  Town-house  3  Tenem*"  or  Cottages. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  Holydays. 

Gent'  Mr  Whitlock.    Mr  Thompson.    Mr  Jo.  Baron. 

[9.  2]  XXXm.    Over.    Aug.  7^.    Mr  King. 

Vicar.    Mr  King. 

Patron.    Trip.  CoU. 

Mr  Klirby  Impropriator. 

The  Church  needs  adorning.    Noe  Patin. 

The  People  lazy,  heedless,  noe  Conventicles. 

Noe  Gent,  all  Farmers.    Noe  House  for  y®  Vicar. 

[9.  2]  XXXIV.    Rampton.    Avg.  7"». 

Sector.    Mr  Value.    £80. 

Patron.    S'  Will.  Leman  of  North-HalL 

The  Church  Thatcht  Dilapidated  and  very  nasty. 


345 

The  Chancell  w*^  formerly  hpd  been  Beild,  now  much  decayd 
in  y®  roof  and  y®  timber  rotten. 

The  Windows  all  over-broaken,  the  Pidgeons  horribly  as 
well  as  Owls  bedaub  y*  Church. 

The  pavement  very  bad  foully  and  to  be  mended. 

One  Dissenter,  a  Quaker.    All  Farmers. 

about  60  Souls.    Goodwife  Smith  a  Whigg  Scool-Dame. 

[9.  2]  XXXV.      COTTENHAM.^ 

Hector.     Dr  Fitzwilliams. 

Patron,    B»  of  Ely.  Valus. 

The  Table  to  be  rayld  in,  the  Church  to  be  whited. 

£1  per  Annum  kept  from  the  Church. 

Goody  Purver  a  Whigg  Unlicensed  Scool-Dame. 

[9.  2]  XXXVI.     WiLLINGHAM. 

Mr  Southwold  an  Unlicensed  Scoolmaster,  the  Scool  worth 
£9  per  Annum. 

[10.  1]  XXXVII.    Elswobth. 

Hector.    Mr  Dickens.  Value.    £160  per  annum. 

Patron.    Mr  Desbrow  Hee  L*  of  y*  Manner. 

The  Church  and  Chancell  want  whiting. 

The  Church-Seats  want  boarding.     The  Dore  decrepit. 

The  font  foul.    The  town-plough  to  be  removed. 

The  Chancell  Seats  want  boarding. 

Constant  keeping  Holy-days.      About  50  Families. 

Noe  Dissenters,  2  Sermons  on  Sundays. 

Good  House  and  Outhouses  all  in  pretty  good  repair. 

[10.  1]     XXXVIII.    Little  Grandsden.    Sept  24*^ 

Rector.    Mr  Jessop.  Value.    £120  per  annum. 

Patron.    Bp  of  Ely. 

24—2 


346 

S'  R*  Cotton  L*  of  the  Mannor. 
The  Church  wants  paving,  boarding. 
The  Font  nasty  and  wants  a  Plugg. 

Noe  Patin,^  Hood,  Homilies,  Cannons  or  Table  of  Degrees, 
he  gives  the  Bread  upon  a  Napkin. 
The  Chancell- Windows  stopt  up. 
The  Chancell  wants  paving,  whiting. 
Severall  Cracks  in  the  Chancell  to  be  mended. 
Communions  but  twice  a  year  none  at  Whitsontide. 
The  Church- Yard  not  at  all  fenced.    None  unbaptized. 
The  House  very  firm  and  good,  the  Outhouses  well 
Noe  Gent. 
£4  per  aimum  to  y®  poor  and  Church. 

[10. 1]  XXXIX.    Lono-Stow.     Sept  25*^. 

Rector.    Mr  Cross.  Value.    About  £70  per  Annum. 

Patron.    Mrs  Simmons. 

The  Church  a  Pidgeon-house  the  Parish  plough  in  it. 

The  West  end  crackt.     Some  Seats  want  boarding. 

The  Font  stopt  up  w**^  Gait,  noe  Plugg  and  an  ill  Cover. 

The  Church-doar  all  broken,  a  new  One  to  be  made. 

The  Leadwork  good. 

The  Chancell  soe  clutterd  up  w*^  a  great  Monum*  that  it 
leaves  noe  Room  for  y®  Comunion  Table.,  Order  y*  removing 
of  it  into  y*  side  Chappell. 

The  Chancell  in  a  wofull  Case  the  Windows  and  Dore 
broaken. 

The  Surplice  Communion-plate  and  Clerks  Bible  and 
Common-Prayer-booke  stolen  and  y®  Chest  break. 

The  Broaken  Pulpit  to  be  mended,  the  Chancell  Scats  alsoe. 

A  Book  of  Homilies,  a  Book  of  Cannons  to  be  bought. 

A  monum*  for  S'  Ralf  Bovey  to  be  removed. 

A  new  Strong  house  built  by  the  Minester. 


847 


[10. 1]  XL.    East-Hatley.     Sept.  24*^. 

Rector.    Mr  Veivar.  Valii£. 

Patron.    S'  George  Downing. 

Monstrous  seats  built  in  the  Church,  and  a  dore  stopt  up 
Mr%ut  Leave. 

The  Old  Font  used  to  make  stepps  to  y®  Stable. 

A  Bell  broaken,  one  of  3  remaining. 

The  Way  to  y*  Church  stopt  up.    An  ill  Pulpit. 

A  broaken  Chalice.    Noe  Cover.    Noe  Flagon.    Noe  Patio. 

Noe  Hearse  cloath,  neither  Homilies  nor  Cannons,  noe 
Creed  L*  Prayer  or  10  Command', 

The  Begister  to  be  kept  as  it  ought,  and  a  Chest  w^  3 
Locks  to  be  provided. 

A  Terrier  to  be  forthw*^  made  and  delivred  in  to  y®  Regis- 
ters Office. 

The  house  very  mean  and  wants  thatching. 

[10. 2]  XLL    Hungry-Hatley.    Sept.  2&^. 

Hector.    Mr.  Thorey.  Value.    £80t 

Patron.    S'  E*  Cotton. 

A  Composition  here  between  y^  ]^£uiester  and  the  Encloser. 

The  Font  is  foul,  noe  Lead,  and  y*  Cover  rotten» 

The  Chancell  wants  paving. 

S'  R^  Cotton  has  promised  to  adorn  and  beut^y  it. 

The  Chest  has  3  Locks,  order  the  Begister  to  be  kept  there. 

Catechizing  and  keeping  Holydays.    Noe  Dissenter. 

12  Families  and  about  30  CommunicantSr 

The  Parsonage  house  firm  and  Fina 

Order    A  Terrier  to  be  brought  into  the  Office. 

[10.  2]  XLIL    Gamlingay.  Sept.  25*»». 

Parson.    Mr  Slaughter. 
Vicar,    endowd.    Mr  Osbom. 


348 

Patron.    B^^  of  Ely. 

The  Leadwork  well,  but  y*  Church  slovenly. 

The  Font  foul  noe  Plugg,  they  ufse  a  Basou,  forbid  it  for 
y*  future. 

The  Church-Seats  want  boarding. 

The  Vestry  wants  a  floor.    They  want  a  Book  of  Cannons. 

The  Chancell  wants  paving  and  whiting. 

The  Altar-Rayls  now  standing  at  y®  West-end  to  be  re- 
stored to  y*  Altar. 

The  Vicaridge-house  most  wretched. 

The  Parsonage  house  much  Dilapidated. 

The  Scoolmaster  teaches  without  a  Licence  and  is  Ex- 
communicate. 

Above  a  100  Families. 

About  30  or  40  unbaptized  followers  of  Cummin  y*  Tinker. 

[10.  2]  XLIII.    Toft.    S^t  25«». 

Bedor.    Mr  Boulton  of  X*  Coll. 

Value.    £80  per  Annum. 

Fatrm.    X*  Coll. 

Curate*    Mr  Holdsworth. 

About  30  Families,  noe  Qent. 

The  Church  wants  pointing,  it  rains  in  as  alsoe  into  a  side 
chappell  soe  that  the  walls  are  rotted,  y*  side  Chappell  on  y® 
other  side  most  foul  and  nasty. 

The  Church  Seats  want  paving  much  and  boarding, 

The  Partition  Seats  between  y*  Chancell  and  y*  Isle  break 
down  soe  that  all  lies  open. 

Noe  Hood,  Homilies,  Canons  nor  table  of  Degrees,  noe  Book 
for  y*  Clerke.  Noe  Patin,  noe  Register  belongs  to  y*  Parish,  qu. 
in  whose  keeping  and  order  a  new  Chest  w**^  3  Locks  for  it. 

The  Font  nasty,  noe  Plugg  and  a  rotten  Cover. 

Mortar  made  in  the  Church,  heaps  of  Brick,  Stones,  Dust 
all  over  it. 


349 

A  great  Crack  in  the  Chancell  plastering  and  whiting  much 
wanting  y*  Chancell  all  fould  w*^  Pidgeons,  y*  Chorch  a  Dove- 
house.     The  Dore  in  y*  Chancell  rotten. 

Noe  Catechizing,  no  Holidays,  not  30***  of  Jan*',  5***  of 
Novem',  29**^  of  May. 

A  very  Dangerous  Crack  in  the  Steeple*. 

Many  great  Cracks  in  y*  Chancell  quitar  thoro  y*  walls 
lean  extreamly  noe  way  but  to  sequester  y*  Living. 

The  Porch  wants  tyling. 

The  Church-yard  very  full  of  Weeds  and  Elders. 
-  The  Parsonage  house  well  built  but  extremely  neglected 
y^  Sparrs  on  y®  one  side  broaken.      Huge  Cracks,  all  wants 
underpinning,  very  good  outhouses,  Brew  house,  Bake-house, 
Bam,  Stable. 

The  fence  to  y*  House  falln  down,  another  Fence  to  y* 
Courty*  taken  away. 

[10. 2]  XLIV.    CoMBKRTON.    Sept.  25. 

Vicar.    Dr  Lewes.  Value.    £34  per  Annum. 

Curate.    Mr  Doughty  of  Emanuel 

Param.    ^  of  Ely. 

Patron.    Jesus  Coll. 

Tenant  to  y«  B»,  S'  Edward  Nevill  Sergeant. 

Under  Tennant,  Dan.  Battle  who  pays  £70  per  Annum. 

The  Vicaridge-house  very  mean. 

The  Church  tho  very  handsome  and  seems  Firm  wants 
boarding  or  paving  in  y*  seats. 

A  new  Bible  and  a  book  for  y*  Clerk  wanting. 

Noe  Patin,  Homilies,  Canons,  nor  Hood,  y*  Chest  wants  3 
Locks  for  y*  better  keeping  of  y*  Kegister. 

The  Chancell  wants  whiting,  tiling,  pointing. 

A  Heap  of  Stones  and  Lime  scuttles  and  rubbish  elsewhere 
to  be  removed  out  of  the  Church. 


350 

The  Font  wants  a  Plugg. 
About  50  Families,  noe  Dissenter. 

The  Parsonage  House  very  Ordinary  but  in  tolerable  repairs 
and  y®  out-hoiises  new  built  since  burning. 

[11. 1]    XLV.    All-Hallows.    Sept  26*.    Cambridge. 

Vicar,    Mr  Wakefeild  of  Jesus  Coll. 

Patron.    Jes:  Coll: 

ValtLe.    About  £20  per  Annum  all  benevolence. 

A  poor  mean  Yicaridge  house  Dilapidated. 

The  Church  very  handsome  and  neatly  adomd,  they  intend 
an  Organ. 

The  Chancell  Seats  want  boarding  the  Windows  want 
mending. 

The  Bible  is  Defective  and  wants  binding. 

The  Chalice  Cover  is  broaken.    A  Table  of  Degrees  wanting. 

The  Font  wants  a  PJugg  they  use  a  Bason. 

The  Church  foul  w«»»  is  y*  Clerks  fault. 

Some  Dissenters,  several  Quakers,  one  Muggletonian, 

but  3  Sacram*"  yearly. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  Holy-days  but  not  in  y* 
Afternoon. 

[11. 1]  XLVI.    Tbinity  Church.    S^t  26. 

Vicar.    Mr  Thomkinson. 

VaiiLe.    Scarce  £20  per  Annum  all  benevolence. 

Patron.    'BP  of  Ely  held  without  Institution. 

The  Church  very  well  they  promise  whiting. 

Vicaridge  house  very  well  and  lets  for  £30  per  Annum. 

The  Tanner  (a  Dissenter)  hangs  Skinns  on  y*  Church  walls. 

A  heap  of  Dung  laid  in  y*  Ch :  Yard  and  carried  out  thence 
the  Stable  dore  opening  into  it,  the  Ch:  Yard  is  made  a 
thoroughfare. 


351 

A  Table  of  Degrees  wanting. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  under  3  Locks. 

One  unbaptized.     Many  Dissenters. 

One  Margaret  Love  a  Dissenting  School-Dame. 

[11. 1]  XLVIL    S"^  Andrews,  Cambridge. 

Vicar.    Mr  Corey  of  Bennet. 
Value.    About  £40  per  Annum. 
Patron.    Dean  and  Ch  :  of  Ely. 
Monstrous  huge  Seats,  noe  hearse-Cloath,  noe  Fatin. 
Noe  Vicaridge-house,  noe  Prayers  on  Wednesdays  nor  Fri- 
days not  constant  Holy-days. 

Some,  not  many  Dissenters.     Not  constant  Catechizing. 
None  known  unbaptized.    The  Register  to  be  better  kept. 

[11.  1]    XLVIII.    Round   Church,  S''  Sepulchers,  Cam- 
bridge. 

Vicar.    Mr  Barker  of  Magdalen  Coll. 

Value.    About  £20  per  Annum  Benevolence. 

Patron.    The  Parish. 

The  Minister  has  noe  Licence.     The  Church  is  very  well. 

The  Bible  wants  y®  last  Chapter. 

The  Church  and  Chancell  to  be  whited. 

The  Sentences  obliterated  to  be  restored. 

Lumber  and  dirt  to  be  removed  out  of  the  Church. 

The  Chest  to  have  3  Locks,  the  Register  to  be  kept  there. 

None  known  to  be  unbaptized. 

Some  Excommunicate  Dissenters. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeping  of  Holy-days. 

The  Church  once  a  Synagouge  it  has  cost  much  repairing. 

[11. 1]    XLIX.    S''  Clements  Cambridge.    Sept.  26*^. 

Vicar.    Mr  Linford  unlicenced  uninstituted. 
Patron.    Jesus  Coll.  Vaixie.    Benevolence. 


352 

The  Font  wants  a  Plugg.     A  new  Table. 
The  Eegister  to  be  better  kept.    The  Chancell  fallow 
Seats  to  be  removed  and  the  Altar  w**^  Rails  to  be  restored. 
Severall  Excommunicated*. 

[11.  2]  L.    S**^  Buttolf;  Cambridge. 

Vicar.    Mr  Cook  of  Queens.         Value.    £20  per  Annum. 

Patron.    Queens  Coll. 

The  Font  is  foul. 

They  are  to  repair  y*  Chancell  wherein  there  is  a  great 
Crack. 

The  Church-Warden  promises  whiting,  they  have  laid  out 
much  money. 

A  Patin  (of  Silver  it  may  be)  to  be  bought. 

[11.  2]         LI.    Little  St  Maries.    Oct.  y*  6***. 

All  very  well 

Mr  Bickerton,  Vicar. 

Constant  Preaching,  Catechizing,  Holy-days. 

[11.  2]  LIL   St  Edwards  Church  in  Cambridge.  Oct.  y*  6*^. 

Vicar.    Mr  Tindall.  Valiie,    £20  per  Annum. 

Patrm.    Trin.  Hall. 

A  very  Dark  Church,  it  needs  whiting  and  plastering. 

The  Font  foul,  they  use  a  Bason. 

The  Windows  broaken  extremely. 

Some  Seats  want  mending.    A  Hears  cloath  wanting. 

The  Steeple  to  be  new  Cased. 

A  Great  Crack  over  y®  Kings  Arms. 

A  Book  of  Cannons  wanting. 

The  Church- wall  wants  Coping,  the  Stones  are  thrown  down. 

y*  Register  to  be  better  kept. 

Constant  Catechizing.    Prayers  twice  a  Weeke. 


353 


[11.  2]  LIII.    Great  St  Maries.. 

Curate.    Mr  Scot  of  Trinity.         Value.    £28  per  Annum. 

Patron.    Trin.  Coll. 

The  Font  without  a  Plugg. 

The  Rayls  to  be  restored. 

The  Church  ill  paved,  the  floar  in  many  places  sunk. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  under  3  Locks  and  Keys. 

Order  y®  Minester  to  have  Prayers  on  Wednesdays  and 
Frydays. 

Noe  Constant  Catechizing. 

3  or  4  Dissenters  Excommunicated  very  obstinate  Hold- 
croft's  disciples. 

8  or  9  will  not  come  to  Church. 

[12. 1]     LIV.    Grandchester.    Sept.  27***.    Sunday. 

Vicar.    Mr  Shorting,  Conduct  of  King's  Coll. 
Value.    About  £50  per  Annum. 
Patrm.    C.  C.  C. 

A  good  new  built  Vicaridge  House. 
A  good  hahsome  Church  and  in  good  order. 
The  minister  resides. 

Both  Church  and  Chancell  want  pointing. 
0,    A  good  Font  but  with  an  ill  Cover  and  noe  plugg. 
0.    A  Table  of  Degrees. 
0.    The  Seats  want  boarding. 

The  Chest  ought  to  have  3  Locks  for  y*  keeping  of  y* 
Register. 

A  Patin  to  be  bought.    Noe  Gentleman. 

Never  a  Dissenter.    £7  per  Annum  to  repair  y*  Church. 

[12. 1]  LV.    Harleton.  Sept  27*^ 

Rector.    DrCook.  Value.    £100  per  Annum. 

Patron.    Jesus  Coll. 


354 

Chest  and  Chancell  fine  and  firm. 
The  Seats  want  some  boarding. 

Some  paving  to  be  Ordered,  and  some  Wainscoating  iii  y* 
Chancell  Seats. 

About  30  Families  about  70  or  80"  Comunicants: 
0.    One  Excommunicate  Woman. 
The  Curate  ought  to  have  a  Licence; 

[12.1]  LVL    Babton. 

Vicar.    Mr  Witty.  Value.    £40  per  Annum. 

JPatron.    B^  of  Ely. 

Impropriator.    Kings  Coll. 

The  Church  made  a  Dovehouse,  a  heap  of  Lime  in  the 
Church  porch. 

The  windows  at  both  ends  much  broaken. 

The  Font  foul,  noe  Hole  in  it,  a  load  of  rushes  by  it,  they 
use  a  Bason  or  rather  a  black  nasty  Dish.  Noe  Patin,  noe  book 
for  y*  clerk. 

The  seats  to  be  new  boarded  in  Church  and  ChancelL 

The  altar  now  broaken  to  be  remended,  the  rayles  to  be 
refitted  and  set  up  again. 

The  Chancell  door  broaken. 

Noe  Constant  Catechizing,  noe  keeping  Holy-Days. 

A  heap  of  Dirt  behind  the  Altar,  y^  Church  and  Chancell  to 
be  whited. 

One  Quaker.    Some  unbaptized. 

Vicaridge  house  mean  but  pretty  strong. 

[12.  1]  LVII.     IMPINGTOK. 

Vicar.    Mr  Lloyd.  Value,    About  £50. 

Parson  and      'x     Dean  and  Ch :  of  Ely  who  have  given 
Impropriators,  J        about  £40  per  Annum  Augmentation. 
Tenant.     Mr  Pepys. 


Church  and\ 
Chancell     /  '^^^^   ^ 


S55 

rtiling 

whiting 

pointing 

Plaistring 
Heaps  of  Stones  in  y®  Belifty  to  be  removed. 
That  noe  bason  be  used  in  Baptism. 
The  Church  Seats  to  be  mended. 
The  Font  foul,  an  ill  corer  and  noe  plugg. 
A  great  Logg  in  the  Chancell  to  be  removed. 
That  they  provide  Homilies  Canons,  Table  of  Degrees. 
That  they  provide  a  Chest  w***  3  Locks  and  y*  Register  to  be 
kept  there. 

That  y*  Altar  stand  Altarwise. 

Seldome  Catechizing.     Noe  keeping  Holydays. 

The  Elder-Trees  to  be  cutt  down  in  y*  Ch :  yard. 

About  25  Houses.  Noe  Vicaridge  House. 

Mr  Recorder  Pepys  Gent. 

S'  Tho :  Willis  has  y«  Royalty  for  X*  Coll : 

[12.  2]  LVIIL  HiSTON.    Sept.  28. 

Vicar.     Mr  Ashley.    Resident. 

Value.    £60  or  £70  per  Annum. 

Patron.    S' Tho  ^  Willis. 

Impropriator.    Mr  Robert  Willis. 

The  paving  in  y*  Alley  now  bad  and  sunk  to  be  well  laid 
and  mended. 

A  Chimney  in  the  Choirch  to  be  puUd  down. 

The  Church-Windows  to  be  mended  and  secured  from  y* 
Birds  getting  in. 

The  Windows  now  want  glazing. 

The  West  and  North-Doors  of  the  Church  want  mending. 

There  ought  to  be  3  Locks  to  y*  Chest. 

The  Chancell  wants  Tyling,  pointing,  paving,  plaistering. 
Whiting. 


356 

The  Rails  now  in  the  side  Chappell  to  be  restored  to  y* 
Altar. 

A  new  Booke  for  y*  Clerk.     The  Bible  to  be  new  Bound. 

A  Herse  cloath  to  be  bought 

Ivy  and  Elder  in  y*  Ch :  Yard  to  be  cut  down. 

3  Female  Dissenters.     1  Excommunicate. 

Some  Lands  given  to  Charity. 

The  Vicaridge  House  well.    About  80  Families. 

[12.  2]  LIX.    Oakington.    Sept  28. 

Vicar,    Mr  Palmer  of  Queens.         Value.    £40  per  Annum. 
Patron,}     ^  ^  ,, 

Parsm]     Q^^ens  Coll: 

Mr  Fortry  Tenant  for  y«  great  Tythes  to  Q.  CoU, 
The  Church  lies  in  great  neglect  like  a  Bam  or  Dovehouse. 
The  Kings  Arms  and  y®  10  Commandm^  taken  down. 
fTyling 

pointing 

plaistering 

Whiting 
A  very  Fine  East  window  in  the  Chancell. 
The  Chancell  wants  mending  in  y*  outside. 
A  pitifuU  Carpet.    Mr  Palmer  0.  D.  P.  absent,  sick. 
The  place  served  by  strangers,  a  great  mischeife  to  iU 
The  Clerke  comes  up  behind  y®  Altar. 
The  North-door  in  y*  Church  now  very  rotten  to  be  repaird. 
A  sad  Pulpit.    The  Font  nasty. 
Heaps  of  Lime  to  be  removd. 
Homilies  and  Cannons  to  be  provided. 
The  walls  want  much  plaistring  and  the  Seats  mending. 
The  Leadwork  on  y*  North  Isle  wants  mending. 
A  poor  mean  Vicaridge  house  but  firm  and  much  laid  out 
upon  it. 


Church  andl  want 
Chancell    ^ 


357 

Q.  a  Register.     Q.  any  unbaptized. 

A  Stranger  comes  every  Lds  Day  soe  that  there  can  be  noe 
Catechizing  or  Holy-days. 

This  y®  most  scandalous  Parish  and  worst  in  y*  Diocese  for 
y®  people  are  most  vile. 

A  Fanatick  Schoolmaster  Rob*.  Richardson. 

3  or  4  Quakers  and  their  Families. 

Severall  Excommunicated. 

Mr  Stutfeild.  ) 

Mr  1     «^^*^- 


[13. 1]    LX.    Meldreth.    Oct.  4*^    Cambridgshirr 

Sequestrator,     Mr  Todd. 

Valv£.    £15  or  £20  per  Annum. 

Parson  and  ]     Church  of  Ely.    Mr  Hagger  Tenant. 
Patron,    ]         Valuer  £140. 

Mr  Sedgwick  L*  of  the  Manner. 

The  Reading  Desk  stands  strangely  in  y*  midst  of  the 
Church  and  noe  Ledge  to  it. 

The  Church  a  Dovehouse.    The  Windows  unglazed. 

A  Window  stopt  up  by  Mr  Pikes  monument. 

Another  narrow  window  stopt  up. 

The  Sealing  in  the  Chancell  full  of  great  Holes. 

A  Vestry  stopt  up. 

A  whole  Vestry  w^  served  for  a  Buttress  pulld  down. 

Seats  broaken  miserably.    The  Chancell  in  a  sad  pickle. 

The  Graves  uncoverd. 

The  Gravestones  lye  about  y*  Church  and  great  heapes  of 
other  stones  and  dust. 

About  60  Families. 

A  poor  pittifull  house  w**  y*  Clerk  lives  in  y*  Vicaridge  house. 

The  font  foul,  pavem*  very  faulty. 

Sacram**  twice  per  Annum. 


358 

Noe  Hood,  noe  Homilies  or  Cannons. 

Many  unbaptized  Dissenters  Mr  Holcrafts  Disciples. 

Noe  Gentleman.^    Mr  Stacey  an  Attorney  there. 

[13. 1]  LXL    Whaddon.    Oct  y*  4*^. 

Vicar.    Mr  Lion.  Valtie.    £50  per  Annum. 

„  [    Church  of  Windsor. 

Jrarson.     ) 

Parsonage  £160  per  Annum.    Tenant  Mr  Tempest. 

m,     -r^     .  TTT     .    f  Cover  and 
The  Font  Wants  j      p. 

There  want  Inscriptions.    Lumber  to  be  removed. 

Some  Seats  want  boarding. 

Three  Locks  to  be  made  to  y*  Chest. 

the  Register  to  be  kept  there.    The  Loft  to  be  mended. 

Some  pavem*  of  South  and  North  Isles  to  be  supplied. 

A  very  good  Vicaridge.    about  32  Families. 

about  2  Dissenters.    Gent.    S'  Henry  Pickering. 

[13. 1,  2].  LXIL    Okwell.    Oct.  y»  7*. 

Rector.    Dr  Chamberlain. 

Vicar.    Mr  Martin  put  in  by  the  Rector. 

Patron.    Trinity  Coll. 

Value.    Of  the  Parsonage  £100,  of  the  Vicarage  £40. 

School  taught  in  the  Church. 

The  Font  much  prophaned.     Seats  much  broaken. 

Pavem*  very  faulty.     A  Fine  ChancelL     0.    Rayls, 

There  wants  three  Lociks. 

The  Bible  now  all  torn  to  be  bound. 

The  Register  to  be  kept  there  under  3  Locks. 

The  Chancell  Seats  want  mending. 

The  Chancell  wants  Plaistering. 

About  60  Families. 


359 

Many  Dissenters,  about  30  Holdcraft  and  Oddyes  Disciples 
most  of  them  Excommunicate. 

The  Pavement  extreme  faulty  sunk  uneven. 

£12  per  Annum  given  to  repair  the  Church  and  to  y*  poor. 

It  rains  in  in  many  places. 

Homilies  Cannons  and  Table  of  Marriage  wanting. 

The  Vicaridge  house  falln  down  about  20  years. 

The  Parsonage  house  well. 

Constant  Catechizing  except  in  exigencies. 

Noe  Conventicle.    Noe  Gentleman. 

[13.  2]  LXIII.    Croyden.    Oct.  r  7"*. 

Vicar.    Mr  Taylor,  Resident.  Value.    £40. 

Patron.    Mr  Slingsby.        Parson.    S'  George  Downing. 

A  Strange  S*  Antholins  Seat. 

They  make  their  mortar  in  the  Chancell. 

The  Church  open  to  y*  Air  for  tis  now  tiling. 

The  Chancell  new  paved. 

S'  George  Downings  Vault  w%ut  Leave.  About  20  Families, 

The  Font  abominable  w*^  a  Clout  in  it. 

A  great  Crack  near  to  y®  Belfry. 

The  Wings  or  Side-Chappells  all  in  ruins  and  want  paving. 

Catechizing  and  Holy-Days.    The  Seats  want  boarding. 

One  Common  Prayer-book  to  be  bound. 

A  Trenchar  for  the  Bread. 

0.    Homilies,  Canons,  Table.    Register. 

Vicaridge  house  repaird.     Chest  wants  Locks. 

O,    Church-yard. 

[13.  2]  LXIV.    Tadlow,     October  y«  7*^. 

Vicar.     Mr  Veivar. 

Value.    It  goes  into  the   Lease,  but  is  about    £30  per 
Annum, 

25 


360 

Patron.    S'  George  Downing.    A  poor  small  church. 

About  10  Families.    The  Town  Depopulated. 

A  pittifull  torn  Bible.    Noe  Dissenter. 

Mr  Veivar  fails  often. 

One  Prayer  book  wanting.    Homilies,  Canons. 

A  Chest  with  3  Locks,  Register  to  be  kept  there. 

The  Windows  broaken.       Noe  Seats  in  y®  Chancell 

Sentences  Obliterated. 

The  Church  wants  tyling,  pointing,  Whiteing. 

The  Chancell  newly  repaird,  Whited. 

A  Foul  nasty  Font  without  Plugg  or  Cover. 

Heaps  of  Filth  and  Dirt 

The  Church  Yard  lies  weedy  and  ill  fenced. 

[14. 1]    LXV.   Bennet  Church  in  Cambridqe.    Oct.  y*  8*^. 

Vicar.    "Mr  Garret  of  Bennet  Value.    £22. 

ParsofL  )     g  n  11 . 

Patron,  j 

The  Chancell  extreme  fine.    The  Bible  to  be  bound. 

The  Ch :  needs  some  plaistring. 

The  Bible  to  be  bound.    One  book  to  be  bought. 

Cannons  wanting.     Constant  Catechizing. 

The  Church  Yard  used  to  dry  Cloaths  and  Skinns. 

Noe  Dissenters  many  Idle. 

The  Arch-Deacon  keeps  his  Court  here. 

[14. 1]  LXVI.    S^  Petters.     Oct.  r  9**^- 

Vicar.    Mr  Millington.         Value.    Not  £10  per  Annum. 

Held  by  Sequestration. 

The  Bible  unbound  and  imperfect. 

A  Book  for  y®  Clerk  wanting. 

A  better  Carpet  to  be  provided.     0.     Table. 


361 

Church  and  Chancell  need  boarding  in  the  Seats  Flaistring 
and  whiting. 

The  Register  to  be  lockt  up. 

Severall  Dissenters  Independents. 

Seats  by  the  Altar  to  be  removed.    Noe  house. 

None  Excommunicate.    A  Scool-Dame  a  Fanatick. 

£8  6*.  8d.  per  Annum  to  jr®  Fabrick.     Noe  Patin. 

Constant  Catechizing  and  keeps  Holy-Days. 

[14. 1]  LXVIL  S*^  Giles  Church  in  Cambridge.    Oct.  y«  9**. 

Vicar.    Mr  Millington  by  Sequestration.       Value.    £8  158. 

Patron.    ¥•  Bp  of  Ely. 

Tenant  to  y*  B"*  S'  John  Rouse  who  must  repair  y*  ChancelL 

Value.    £80  per  Annum  a  great  penny-worth. 

Church  and  Chancell  to  be  new  whited. 

Sentences  for  the  ChancelL 

A  new  Bible  or  the  old  new  bound. 

A  Carpet  to  be  like  y®  pulpit  Cloath. 

A  Book  of  Homilies  and  Canons  to  be  provided. 

S'  John  Rouse  to  be  sent  to  to  seat  y*  Chancell  w***  Deal. 

A  Book  of  y*  new  Edition  wanting  for  y®  Clerk. 

The  font  foul.     A  Hearse  Cloath  wanting. 

A  Chest  w*^  3  Locks  for  y*  Register. 

The  Seats  want  boarding. 

Some  Dissenters  Anabaptists.     Some  Children  unchristned. 

Catechizing  and  Hplydays. 


25—2 


XXXIV.  On  the  A  B  C  as  ak  authoristo  School- 
book  IN  THE  Sixteenth  Century.  Communicated 
by  Henry  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  M.A.,  University 
Librarian. 


[May  24,  1875.] 


A  DISCUSSION  has  been  carried  on  for  some  years  past  concern- 
ing  the  nature  of  a  book  spoken  of  in  the  early  part  of  Queen 
Elizabeth's  reign  as  the  ABG.  By  the  foundation  charter  of 
a  flourishing  school  near  London  the  boys  are  to  be  taught  the 
Orammar  and  the  ABO.  No  doubt  is  felt  about  the  meaning 
of  the  word  Orammar;  but  opinions  have  been  much  divided 
as  to  the  nature  of  the  ABC,  some  holding  that  a  mere  spelling 
book  is  meant,  others  insisting  that  the  book  is  an  elementary 
religious  book  containing  the  rudiments  of  Christian  doctrine 
as  taught  by  the  Church  of  England  and  in  a  measure  pub- 
lished by  public  authority.  On  the  solution  of  this  nice  question 
the  future  history  of  the  school  was  to  turn.  If  it  could  be 
shown  that  the  ABG  was  an  elementary  religious  book  issued 
by  public  authority,  it  was  supposed  that  the  Endowed  School 
Commissioners  would  not  have  power  to  secularise  the  founda* 
tion  and  divert  its  endowments  to  any  other  purpose  than  that 
of  ''education  in  accordance  with  the  principles  of  the  Church 
of  England." 


3G4 

The  question  interested  me  very  much  from  a  bibliographi- 
cal point  of  view;  and,  in  consequence  of  a  communication  from 
one  of  the  Governors  of  the  school,  I  was  induced  to  see  what 
the  accessible  facts  really  were,  and  to  send  my  friend  the  re- 
sults of  my  investigation.  It  has  occurred  to  me  since,  that  the 
{acts  so  collected  might  have  an  interest  for  some  of  the  mem- 
bers of  our  Society.  My  letter,  docked  of  its  beginning  and 
end,  was  as  follows : 


King's  College,  Cambridge, 
January  15,  1874, 


Let  me  give  you  as  briefly  as  I  can  the  results  of  my  re- 
searches into  the  history  of  the  ABC ;  two  points  concerning 
which  now  stand  out  with  perfect  clearness : 

(1)  It  was  an  elementary  book  for  children,  containing  the 
Alphabet  and  the  Lord's  Prayer,  with  other  elementary  religious 
matters  necessary  for  a  child  to'know. 

(2)  It  was  published  by  public  authority,  and  was  subject 
to  modification  from  time  to  time  according  to  the  temper  of 
the  times,  just  precisely  as  the  Prayer-Book  was. 

Four  early  editions  of  the  ABC  are  at  present  known,  and 
there  are  traces  of  four  others,  ranging  from  about  1538  to 
about  1640.  These  are  amply  sufficient  to  illustrate  the  state- 
ments made  above  with  respect  to  the  general  idea  of  the  work, 
and  its  modification  from  time  to  time  by  public  authority. 

A  few  facts  put  chronologically  will  help  to  ^  clearer  view 
of  the  case. 

1534.  The  Roman  supremacy  over  the  Church  of  England 
abolished  by  King  Henry  VIII. 

1536.     The  printed  English  Bible  first  published  in  England. 


365 

1538.  The  Epistles  and  Gospels  in  the  Communion  ser- 
vice first  printed  separately  in  English  and  used  in  the  service. 

1544.  The  Litany  in  English  first  printed  for  public  use  in 
the  Church  service. 

1545.  The  Primer  (or  Layman's  prayer-book)  as  reformed 
by  King  Henry  VIII  first  published. 

1547.  King  Henry  VIII  died  at  the  end  of  January,  and 
King  Edward  VI  came  to  the  throne. 

1518.  Fart  of  the  Communion  service  first  printed  and 
used  in  English,  in  March. 

1548.  Queen  Catherine  died,  in  October. 

1549.  The  English  Prayer-Book  first  printed  and  used  in 
Church,  at  Easter. 

1552.  The  English  Prayer-Book  considerably  revised,  it  is 
said  under  Bucer's  influence,  and  printed. 

1553.  March  25.  Letters  Patent  to  John  Day  for  the 
exclusive  right  of  printing  the  English  Catechism  and  the 
ABC. 

1553.  July.  King  Edward  VI  died  and  Queen  Mary  suc- 
ceeded to  the  throne.' 

1554.  The  Stationers'  Company  incorporated. 

1558.  Nov.  Queen  Mary  died  and  Queen  Elizabeth  suc- 
ceeded to  the  throne. 

1559.  The  English  Prayer-Book  again  revised. 

I  will  now  say  something  of  those  editions  of  the  ABC 
of  which  copies  are  known  still  to  exist. 

I.    London,  Printed  by  ThomcLS  Petit,  vfithovt  date,  but  ahoi^ 

1538.     8vo. 
The  earliest  edition  of  the  ABC  I  have  been  able  to  find  ia 
one  printed  by  Thomas  Petit,  in  London,  and  of  which  the  only 
known  copy  is  preserved  among  Abp  Sancroft's  books  at  Em- 
manuel College,  Cambridge  \     This  is  in  Latin  and  English. 

^  I  have  an  exact  transcript  of  this  book. 


366 

The  essence  of  the  ABC  in  older  times  was  the  Alphabet,  the 
Lord's  Prayer,  and  the  Ave  Maria.  It  seems  not  to  have 
been  until  1536  that  the  Creed  and  the  Commandments  were 
brought  into  prominence  as  matters  of  elementary  teaching. 
Petit's  edition  of  the  AJBC  gives  the  Pater  noster,  the  Ave 
Maria,  and  the  OredOy  both  in  Latin  and  in  English ;  but  the 
Commandments  are  not  brought  prominently  forward  at  alL 
The  Graces  before  and  after  meals  are  almost  precisely  those 
given  in  the  Sarum  Manual  (or  Book  of  occasional  offices)  in 
use  in  the  unreformed  English  Church  for  centuries.  Again  we 
find  here  the  parts  of  the  service  requisite  to  enable  a  child  to 
serve  ai  mass,  as  it  is  commonly  called,  or,  as  it  is  here  ex- 
pressed, to  help  a  priest  to  sing  (mass).  Thomas  Petit  printed 
in  London  from  1536  till  a  little  into  King  Edward's  reign ; 
but,  all  things  considered,  I  am  satisfied  that  the  present  edition 
must  have  been  printed  about  1538. 

IT.  London,  Printed  by  William  Powell,  ivUkout  date,  hut  pro^ 
hably  in  1547.  8vo.  . 
The  next  edition  is  one  printed  in  ^London  by  William 
Powell,  of  which  the  only  known  copy  is  preserved  among 
Mr  Grenville's  books  in  the  British  Museum.  This  book  has 
a  semblance  of  public  authority,  though  Powell  was  not  the 
King's  Printer,  yet  from  the  title  it  is  clear  that  all  others  were 
to  be  set  aside  and  this  revised  edition  alone  used.  In  what 
does  this  revision  consist  ?  First,  the  instructions  for  serving 
at  mass  are  wholly  omitted.  This  is  of  some  importance  in 
tracing  the  sequence  of  the  editions.  Secondly,  the  Command- 
ments are  here  given  in  full,  instead  of  being  merely  in  the  form 
of  memorial  verses  as  in  Petit*s  edition.  (3)  Whatever  could 
bo  taken  from  the  Reformed  Primer  of  1545,  here  appears, 
agreeing  with  that.  (4)  The  great  variety  of  Graces  before 
and  after  meals  is  hero  very  much  cut  down  and  simplified. 
(5)  A  very  brief  Catechism  is  here  added  (with  the  elements  of 


3G7 

the  Christian  religion)  which  had  no  place  in  the  earlier  book. 
At  the  same  time  it  must  be  noticed  that  this  edition  occupies 
a  middle  place  between  the  earlier  and  later  books,  the  cate- 
chisms being  singularly  colourless,  avoiding  any  strong  expression 
of  reformed  doctrine,  thus  pointing  without  fail  to  the  very 
commencement  of  King  Edward's  reign,  when  the  authorities 
were  feeling  their  way,  and  were  unwilling  to  give  offence  to 
either  party.  The  printer,  William  Powell,  commenced  busi- 
ness early  in  1547,  at  the  beginning  of  King  Edward's  reign, 
and  went  on  into  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign.  The  prayer  is  some- 
times for  the  King,  and  sometimes  for  the  King,  the  Queen, 
and  the  Church.  This  can  only  point  to  a  time  when  King 
Edward  was  on  the  throne,  and  the  Queen  Dowager  (Catherine 
Parr)  was  still  living.  The  date  of  this  edition  must  therefore 
be  1547  or  the  beginning  of  1548 ;  and,  from  all  considerations, 
it  was  most  probably  issued  early  in  1547. 

III.    London,  Printed  by  John  Day,  without  date,  hut  between 
March  and  July  1553,    8vo. 

The  next  edition  of  which  we  have  a  copy  is  the  one  printed 
in  London  by  John  Day  under  the  authority  of  King  Edward's 
Letters  Patent  dated  March  25, 1553.  Of  this  edition  the  only 
known  copy  is  preserved  in  the  library  of  Saint  Cuthbert's  Col- 
lege, XJshaw ;  but  of  this  copy  unfortunately  only  half  (leaves 
1,  4,  5,  8)  has  come  down  to  us\  Still  enough  remains  to  illus- 
trate the  points  insisted  on  above,  namely,  the  general  idea  of 
the  book,  and  its  modification  by  public  authority.  The  Re- 
formed doctrines  had  made  great  progress  between  the  begin- 
ning and  the  end  of  King  Edward's  reign.  These  changes  had 
found  their  way  into  the  Prayer-Book  published  in  1552 ;  and 
the  effect  of  the  change  is  seen  in  comparing  Powell's  and 
Day's  editions  of  the  ABC.  The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Creed 
correspond  to  the  text  in  the  Prayer-Book.  The  Ave  Maria 
^  I  have  an  exact  transcript  of  all  that  remains  of  this  oopj. 


368 

has  disappeared  altogether.  The  Commandments  are  exactly 
as  in  the  Communion  Service  in  the  Prayer -Book^  the  petitions 
(Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  &c.)  being  given  after  each.  The 
Graces  at  meals  are  altogether  altered.  The  old  Catholic  typQ 
of  Grace  has  entirely  disappeared,  and  a  modern  invention  of 
the  time  supplies  its  place.  Of  the  missing  leaves,  the  con- 
tents of  2  and  3  are  easily  determined ;  and  as  for  leaves  6  and 
7, 1  have  little  doubt  that  after  the  Graces,  which  would  end 
with  the  first  few  lines  of  leaf  6,  there  followed  a  very  short 
catechism,  such  as  in  Powell's  edition,  which  was  followed  in 
its  turn  by  the  very  brief  Graces  with  which  Powell's  edition 
and  this  of  Day* s  both  conclude.  The  types  used  in  the  book, 
and  its  general  appearance,  correspond  exactly  to  those  of  the 
Catechism  printed  at  the  same  time  by  Day,  and  which  has 
the  date  1553  and  the  King's  Letters  Patent  printed  at  the 
beginning.  A  copy  of  the  Catechism  is  in  the  University 
Library,  Cambridge. 

IV.    ZhMiUy  Printed  for  ike  Stationers'  Company^  1631.    8vo. 

The  latest  edition  known  is  an  Irish  version  of  the  book 
made  under  the  care  of  William  Bedell,  Bishop  of  Eilmore, 
and  printed  in  Dublin  in  1631.  Two  copies  of  this  are  pre- 
served, one  in  the  British  Museum,  and  one  among  Abp  San- 
croft's  books  at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge.  I  merely  men- 
tion this  to  show  that  the  book  preserved  its  identity  through 
a  hundred  years,  and  continued  to  be  published  by  authority. 
In  fact,  the  whole  history  of  the  Irish  vernacular  press  illus- 
trates and  confirms  this  view  in  a  remarkable  manner.  The 
first  book  published  in  Ireland  in  the  Irish  language  was  the 
Alphabet  with  the  Church  Catechism  and  Articles,  in  1571- 
The  next  was  the  New  Testament  in  1602.  The  third  was  the 
Prayer-Book  in  1608.  The  fourth  was  the  ABC  in  1631,  fol- 
lowed by  a  second  edition,  of  which  no  trace  now  remains,  but 
which  must  have  been  printed  before  1641.     The  only  other 


369 

Irish  book  known  at  all  to  have  issued  from  this  press  is  a  mo- 
dified reprint  of  this  very  ABC  with  the  addition  of  Perkins's 
Six  Principles  of  Christian  Doctrine,  which  came  out  under  the 
Commonwealth  in  1652.  So  that,  whichever  way  we  turn,  we 
find  the  ABC  taking  its  place  as  a  book  of  elementary  religious 
instruction,  by  the  side  of  the  Bible  and  Prayer-Books  and 
other  Church  books  issued  by  authority. 

I  must  now  say  a  few  words  about  those  editions,  alluded 
to  above,  of  which  copies  have  not  yet  been  discovered. 

I.  London,  Printed  by  Richard  Lant. 
Herbert,  in  his  edition  of  Ames's  Typographical  Antiquities, 
page  590,  mentions  this  edition  thus :  ''  The  A.B.C,  with  the 
"  Pater-noster,  Aue,  Crede,  and  Ten  Commaundementtea  in  En- 
*'gly88he,  newly  translated  and  set  forth  at  the  Kynges  most 
**gracyov>s  commaundement.  It  begins  with  five  different  AJpha- 
"bets,  and  Gloria  Patri;  then,  the  Pater-noster,  &c.  Grace 
"  before  meat,  and  after."  What  he  says  of  its  being  printed 
only  on  one  side  of  the  paper  merely  implies  that  what  he  saw 
was  a  proof-sheet,  probably  used  for  binder's  waste;  but  he  does 
not  tell  us  to  whom  it  belonged.  We  know  of  Lant's  printing 
from  1542  to  1562,  that  is  from  sometime  before  the  death  of 
King  Henry  VIII  to  sometime  after  the  accession  of  Queen 
Elizabeth.  From  the  words  newly  translated  on  the  title,  and 
from  the  existence  of  the  Ave  Maria  in  the  text,  I  should  be 
inclined  to  place  this  edition  of  the  ABC  between  Petit's  and 
Powell's  editions.  Herbert  adds  the  words  'Licenced  by  the 
Company';  but  as  the  Stationers'  Company  was  not  incorpo- 
rated till  Queen  Mary's  reign,  and  this  cannot  have  been  printed 
in  her  reign,  the  Licence  must  refer  to  an  edition  put  forth  at 
the  beginning  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign,  of  which  unfortu- 
nately not  the  slightest  trace  otherwise  has  come  down  to  us. 
The  Stationers'  Registers  will  probably  give  the  exact  date  of 
the  Licence  for  this  edition. 


370 

II.    London,  Printed  by  Richard  Jones^  1588. 

Herbert,  in  his  edition  of  Ames's  Typographical  Antiquities, 
page  1046,  has  this  entry  among  books  printed  by  Richard 
Jones,  under  the  year  1588  :  *  The  A.B.  C.  for  children,  nevoly 
deuised  witii  syllables,  the  Lordes  praier,  our  Belief,  and  the  ten 
Commandements'  In  a  foot-note  he  adds :  ' This  was  allowed 
'him  again  in  1590,  on  this  proviso,  that  there  shaJbe  no  ad- 
*ditions  made  to  the  same  hereafter.  But  it  was  cancelled  by 
'order  of  a  Court  holden  15  May,  1605.'  Here  we  find  the 
ABC  retaining  its  identity  as  in  all  the  other  cases,  and  also 
allusions  to  the  insertion  of  unauthorised  additions,  showing 
that  the  book  even  in  1590  retained  its  character  of  an  autho- 
rised school-book. 

I  am  afraid  I  have  fairly  exhausted  your  patience,  and  that 
of  any  persons  to  whom  you  may  communicate  these  remarks ; 
but  I  am  glad  to  have  had  an  opportunity  of  carrying  through 
an  investigation  which  has  never  apparently  occupied  any  one's 
attention  hitherto,  and  which  nevertheless  has  a  great  many 
points  of  interest  in  connexion  with  the  history  and  literature 
both  of  the  English  Church  and  of  English  education. 


Note.  Within  a  few  weeks  after  my  reading  the  above 
communication  to  the  Society,  I  received  from  Dr  Reeves,  the 
Dean  of  Armagh,  a  copy  of  the  ABC  with  the  Assembly's 
Shorter  Catechism,  printed  at  Glasgow  in  1852.  So  that  where 
I  have  said  that  it  retained  its  character  for  a  hundred  years,  I 
might  with  equal  justice  have  said  three  hundred.  The  details 
in  this  recent  edition  are  of  course  in  harmony  with  the  doc- 
trine of  the  Established  Church  of  Scotland ;  but  the  old  lines 
are  all  followed;  the  skeleton  is  the  same;  and  the  ABC  of 
1852  is  the  lineal  descendant  of  the  book  issued  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  the  Eighth. 


XXXV.     On  the  Cover  op  the   Sarcophagus   of 

EiAMESES   III.   NOW   IN   THE    FiTZWILLIAM    MuSEUM. 

Communicated  by  Samuel  Biroh^  Esq.,  LL.D. 


[November  8,  1875.] 


One  of  the  most  valuaUe  Egyptian  monuments  in  the  Fitz- 
william  Museum  at  Cambridge  is  the  cover  of  the  granite  sar*- 
cophagus  of  Barneses  IIL,  the  celebrated  monardi  of  the  20th 
dynasty.  It  was  presented  to  the  University  of  Cambridge  by 
the  traveller  and  excavator  Behsoni  in  1823.  That  traveller 
removed  it  from  the  tomb  of  the  king  in  the  Biban-el-Moluk, 
or  Valley  of  the  Tombs  of  the  Kings,  at  Thebes.  The  lid  of 
the  sarcophagus  is  of  red  granite,  and  measures  about  ten  feet 
long  by  eight  feet  wide.  Bameses  is  represented  on  the  upper 
part  of  the  lid  in  very  salient  relief,  under  the  attributes  of  the 
god  Sekar,  or  Socharis,  one  of  the  solar  types  of  the  god  Ba, 
often  conjoined  with  Ptah  or  Hephaistos,  and  Osiris,  especially 
as  the  judge  of  Ear-neter  or  Hades.  Bameses  stands  full  face, 
his  long  hair,  or  head-dress,  tia/mms^  ornamented  at  the  ends 
and  having  an  uraeus  serpent,  the  Egyptian  emblem  of  royalty, 
on  the  forehead.  On  the  top  of  his  head  is  a  symbolic  head- 
dress consisting  of  the  sun's  disk,  aten,  placed  between  two 
ostrich  feathers,  emblems  of  truth,  and  referring  to  the  "  hall  of 
the  two  truths"  in  Hades,  over  which  Sekar,  or  Socharis,  in 
his  character  of  judge  of  the  dead,  presided,  that  being  the 


372 

name  of  the  Hall  of  the  Great  Judgment  of  the  Dead.    They 
are  placed  upon  two  cows'  horns,  the  meaning  of  which  is  as 
yet  unexplained  in  this  attire.     There  is  a  peculiarity  about 
this  representation  not  observed  elsewhere,  the  feathers  and 
horns  are  sculptured  five  deep.    The  body  of  the  king  is  repre- 
sented as  mummied,  or  wrapped  in  bandages  like  Osiris  and 
the  mummies,  his  hands  free  and  crossed ;  the  right  holds  the 
crook,  hek,  emblem  of  ruling ;  and  the  left  the  three-thonged 
whip,  nex^Xf  symbolic  of  dominion ;  and  both  the  special  attri- 
butes of  Osiris,  who  is  represented  with  them  and  in  this  atti- 
tude.   At  the  left  side  of  the  king  is  the  head  of  the  goddess 
Isis,  wearing  a  throne,  or  seat,  her  name  and  emblem.     The 
rest  of  her  figure  is  wanting,  but  she  has  been  draped  in  a  long 
garment,  placing  her  right  hand  at  the  back  of  the  head  of  the 
Osiris*  king,  and  her  left  hand  on  his  body  to  support  his 
mummy  upright.     On  the  other  side  is  the  goddess  Nephthys, 
the  sister  of  Osiris,  wearing  a  long  head-dress,  namms,  tied 
with  a  (Town,  or  fillet,  meh,  and  having  on  her  head  an  emblem 
composed  of  a  hemispherical  basket,  used  for  the  word  Neb, 
'  lord,'  or  *  lady,'  surmounting  the  square  or  rectangle,  the  hiero- 
glyph of  the  word  a, '  abode,'  the  two  reading  with  the  feminine 
article  Nebta,  the  Egyptian  name  of  Nephthys.    This  goddess 
wears  a  long  garment  and  stands  in  the  same  attitude  as  her 
sister  Isis,  her  left  hand  placed  behind  the  king  and  her  right 
supporting  him  on  his  body.     Under  her  feet  is  the  Egyptian 
emblem  nub,  or  *  gold,'  represented  as  a  kind  of  collar,  and  one 
often  seen  under  the  feet  of  Isis  and  Nephthys  in  these  scenes 
on  sarcophagi.     Between  each  goddess  and  the  king  is  a  pecu- 
liarly elongated  figure,  wearing  long  hair  and  elevating  the 
hands  at  the  back  of  the  king.     Before  this  figure  is  a  snake, 
not  the  uraBUS.    A  similar  snake,  painted  black,  is  represented 


^  All  deceased  wore  considered  to  be  Osiris,  or  Osiri.in,  after  their 
decease,  and  so  named  from  the  19th  dynasty.  , 


373 

round  the  body  of  Rameses  IX.  in  the  Biban-el-Moluk^  The 
elongated  figure  also  occurs  in  some  of  the  scenes  of  the  sarco- 
phagi*, but  the  one  that  generally  receives  the  figure  of  Osiris 
is  one  of  the  types  of  Athor,  the  Egyptian  Venus,  especially 
that  in  which  she  appears  as  goddess  of  the  West.  Bound  the 
side  of  the  lid  are  parts  of  two  horizontal  lines  of  hieroglyphs 
meeting  at  the  top  under  the  head  and  passing  to  the  feet,  at 
which  were  two  jackals  seated  on  pylons,  the  Ap-heriu,  or 
'  openers  of  the  Sun's  path,'  of  the  B^ameter  or  Hades ;  that 
passing  on  the  right  side  of  the  lid  is  most  complete.     It  reads 


31    1 


w 

He$ar         iuUn     Xeh  neb  tata 

The  Osiris,  king  of  the  upper  and  lower  country,  lord  of 
the  two  countries. 


(?i^  ^=  °  ]  ^ 


0 

Ha     mer  Ma  Amen         meri  ta        Ra 

RA-U6EB-iiA        Amen  meri,        son  [of]  the  Sun. 

^  „n  ^  tr^  ( mn 

meri         neteru       neb  6au  Ramessu 

Beloved  of  the  gods,  lord  of  diadems,  Bamessu. 

?    i    )  «   1     ^^^k  1 

hek  An  ma         xT^  ^^^       ^^         ^^^^ 

Buler  of  On,    the  truth  spoken'.     Thou    art   a  god. 

^  Ohampollion,  Notices  descriptiveg,  p.  170. 
'  Sharpe,  Egypt.  Inscr.  PI.  41. 

*  Or  justified,  i.e,  acquitted,  or  found  truthful,  at  tho  final  jud^ent— 
hiB  word  true  .against  his  enemies  or  detractors. 


57* 

user 
Thou  art         provided,      not  are  the  opposers  to  thee. 


unU'k  em         user  nen  x^if  "^^ 


«— ^^  vj  ^=^         111  ^^^^^^ 


Hi 
(a  «n    nalc  ma    ypi  am  ten         tmn 

Thou  hast  been  given    justification    from    them,    they 


sen         em  Hetar      ...        mtes    Hek         An 

are       as Osiris   [Ba]M£SES,  ruler  of  On. 

The  line  to  the  left  of  the  sarcophagus  has  only  the  begin- 
ning remaining.    It  reads 


Tetu  Hesar        suten  Ra   tuer      Ma   Amen     meri 

The  words        Osirian    king      Ra  user  Ma  Amen  meri 

§  =  i\\^  -^-^  11 

pu      ma-xru  au         k        em         ta        a 

is     truth  spoken.     Thou      art  as  my  son...* 

These  inscriptions  are  portions  of  an  early  formula  found 
on  the  coffin  of  Menkara,  or  Mycerinus,  of  the  fourth  dynasty, 
and  continued  till  this  and  even  a  later  period.  In  that  older 
monument  the  name  of  the  goddess  Nut  appears,  and  she  is 
said  to  stretch  her  wings  over  the  Osiris,  or  deceased  monarch, 
figured  and  embalmed  on  the  model  of  Osiris.  Mythically  the 
body  of  Osiris  was  supposed  to  be  canopied  by  the  Heaven,  and 
received  in  the  arms  of  the  West,  all  the  principal  sepulchres 
being  situated  on  the  left  bank  of  the  river  Nile.     The  inside 


375 

of  the  lid  is  occupied  by  a  figure  of  the  goddess  Isis  standing 
draped,  facing  to  the  right,  in  the  usual  female  garment  and 
wearing  the  throne ;  her  name  and  emblem  on  the  symbol  gold. 
The  goddess  Nut,  or  the  Ether,  usually  appears  in  this  place, 
and  Isis  evidently  wa^  considered  one  of  the  forms  of  that 
goddess.    Above  is  a  figure  of  the  heaven. 

The  lower  part,  or  chest,  of  the  sarcophagus^  is  in  the 
Museum  of  the  Louvre,  and  has  the  unusual  shape  of  a  car- 
touche. The  scenes  with  which  it  is  sculptured  refer  to  the 
passage  of  the  sun  through  the  lower  hemisphere  or  heaven, 
and  Isis  and  Nephthys  are  at  the  head  and  feet,  on  the  em- 
blems of  gold,  in  the  act  of  kneeling.  They  here  represent 
the  lamentation  of  the  dead  Osiris  by  these  goddesses  over  him 
at  his  bier. 

The  tomb  of  Rameses  IIL  is  one  of  the  most  magnificent 
in  the  valley  of  the  tombs  of  the  kings,  and  the  representations 
are  of  considerable  interest*.  Its  entrance  is  open  to  the  sky, 
and  at  the  end  of  the  passage  the  ceiUng  is  supported  by  four 
pillars  with  capitals  formed  by  the  heads  of  bulls,  the  horns 
curved  inwards,  as  in  the  head-dress  of  the  king.  The  scenes 
in  it  represent  Isis  and  Nephthys  kneeling  before  the  god 
Chnoumis  and  the  Scarabaeus.  On  the  right  wall  of  the  first 
corridor  is  the  goddess  of  truth,  Jf a,  winged,  kneeling,  on  the 
emblem  'lord,'  or  'dominion,'  facing  the  entrance,  repeated 
again  on  the  left  wall.  These  goddesses,  respectively  the  lotus 
and  papyrus  emblems,  have  the  'upper'  and  the  'lower'  coun- 
try. On  the  right  wall  of  the  first  corridor  is  the  figure  of 
Ifameses  III.  adoring  the  solar  disk  and  the  sun  disk  on  a  hill, 
between  a  crocodile  and  a  serpent,  both  referring  to  the  sun's 
path.    The  other  scenes  chiefly  relate  to  the  usual  passage  of 

^  De  Rong^,  MonumenU  EffypHen$  dan9  U  Mu$ee  du  Louvre.  8vo. 
Paris,  1855. 

*  Champollion,  NoHeet  deseriptivei.  Fol.  Paris,  1844»  p.  407  and  foil. 
Champ(>lIion-Figeac,  VlSgypte^  p.  347. 

26 


376 

the  sun  in  the  lower  heaven  during  the  night,  and  through  the 
regions  of  the  Kameter,  or  Hades.  The  tomb  is  particularly 
distinguished  by  eight  small  halls  pierced  laterally  in  the  walls 
of  the  first  and  second  corridor.  In  these  are  representations 
not  of  a  mythical  nature  but  of  objects  of  civil  and  political  life, 
as  the  work  of  the  kitchen,  the  rich  and  sumptuous  furniture 
of  the  palace,  the  weapons  and  military  standards  of  the  army, 
the  war  galleys  and  transports  of  the  fleet,  and  twelve  repre- 
sentations of  the  Nile,  or  Hapi,  and  Egypt.  It  is  the  fifth 
tomb  in  the  valley,  and  a  papyrus  with  the  plan  and  description 
is  said  to  have  been  found  by  ChampoUion  in  the  Museum  of 
Turin*.  It  had  clearly  been  accessible  and  apparently  rifled  at 
an  early  period,  for  the  hieratic  inscriptions  on  its  walls  record 
the  names  of  different  scribes  who  had  visited  it  in  Pharaonic 
times,  as  Greek  inscriptions  do  the  Greek  and  Roman  travellers 
who  penetrated  during  the  period  of  the  Roman  empire.  The 
mummy  of  Rameses  had  been  destroyed  and  his  tomb  in  recent 
times  rifled  of  its  contents ;  sepulchral  figures  of  the  king  there 
once  deposited  being  found  in  the  Museums  of  Europe. 

The  fracture  of  the  lid  of  the  coffin  is  also  probably  of 
ancient  date,  and  even  in  the  flourishing  times  6f  the  monarchy 
thieves  and  robbers  opened  the  royal  sarcophagi,  tore  away  the 
gold  and  other  valuable  ornaments,  and  burnt  the  wooden  cof- 
fins deposited  inside  the  massive  stone  sarcophagi. 

Rameses  III.'  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  monarchs 
in  the  annals  of  Egypt.  A  period  of  political  confusion  and 
foreign  conquest  of  the  country  preceded  his  advent  to  the 
crown.  His  father,  Setnecht,  had  indeed  succeeded  in  driving 
out  the  foreign  invaders  and  re-establishing  the  native  dynasty 

1  ChampoUion-Figeac,  L'Egypte,  p.  348.  It  appears  however  to  be  a 
plan  of  the  grave  of  his  successor,  Rameses  lY.  Lepsius,  R.,  Grundplan 
des  Grabes  des  Konigt  Rameses  IV.  (4to.  Berlin,  1867). 

*  For  the  principal  events  of  the  life  of  Rameses  III.  see  Ohabas,  Fi, 
Recherches  pour  sermr  ^  Vhistoire  de  la  XIX,  dyncutie,  1873,  and 
Eisenlohr,  Der  grosse  Harrispapyrus,    Leipzig,  1872. 


377 

of  the  Theban  kings,  the  20th  of  the  lists  of  Manetho.  But 
Ramesea  had  a  great  task  before  him,  called  to  the  throne  at  a 
youthful  age.  Already  in  her  decline  Egypt  had  recourse  to 
foreign  mercenaries,  the  ShariUana,  or  Sardinians,  under  which 
name  are  probably  comprised  the  various  nationalities  of  the 
Qreek  isles,  and  the  Kahaka  and  Mahiaia,  Libyan  tribes 
on  the  West,  and  the  ShoMi^  and  Asiatics  on  the  East.  The 
first  task  of  Rameses  was  to  restore  the  civil  government  and 
military  discipline,  while  the  disposition  and  organization  of 
foreigners  established  in  Egypt  had  become  one  of  the  most 
important  questions.  In  his  fifth  year  he  defeated  the  Maxyes 
and  Libyans  with  gieat  slaughter  when  they  had  invaded 
Egypt  led  by  five  chiefs ;  and  in  the  same  year  he  had  also  to 
repulse  the  Sato,  or  eastern  foreigners,  who  had  attacked 
Egypt.  The  maritime  nations  of  the  West,  it  appears,  had 
invaded  Palestine  and  the  Syrian  coast  in  his  eighth  year, 
and,  after  taking  Carchemish,  a  confederation  of  the  Pulumtu, 
supposed  by  some  to  be  the  Pelasgi,  Tekkaru  or  Teucri,  ^akd- 
lusa  or  Siculi,  Twnau  or  Daunians,  if  not  Danai,  and  Uasasa  or 
Osci,  marched  to  the  conquest  of  Egypt.  It  is  possible  that 
they  reached  the  mouth  of  the  eastern  branch  of  the  Nile. 
But  Rameses  concentrated  an  army  at  Taha  in  Northern  Pales- 
tine, and  marched  back  to  defend  the  Nile.  Assisted  by  his 
mercenary  forces,  he  inflicted  a  severe  defeat  on  the  confede- 
rated West,  and  returned  with  his  prisoners  to  Thebes.  In 
his  eleventh  year  the  Mashuasha,  or  Maxyes,  assisted  by  the 
Tahennu,  or  Libyans,  again  invaded  Egypt  to  suffer  a  fresh 
defeat,  and  the  country  seems  from  this  period  to  have  re- 
mained in  a  state  of  tranquillity.  The  other  events  of  his 
reign  were  of  a  more  pacific  nature.  In  an  eastern  site  called 
Ainau,  supposed  to  be  half-way  between  Hebron  and  Rehoboth, 
he  had  made  a  great  tank,  or  reservoir,  surrounded  by  a  lofty 
wall.  He  had  despatched  a  fleet  to  Arabia,  which  had  returned 
laden  with  the  spices  and  gums  of  that  country  to  Coptos,  and 

26—2 


378 

which  were  thence  transported  by  men  and  on  the  backs  of 
asses  to  Thebes.  From  Ataka,  the  supposed  scriptural  Aihak, 
he  had  received  ingots  of  copper  or  brass  the  colour  of  gold, 
and  he  continued  to  work  the  turquoise  mines  at  the  Sarbit 
el  Khadim  in  Mount  Sinai.  Some  small  wars  carried  on  in 
Ethiopia  against  the  black  races  alone  disturbed  the  peace  that 
Egypt  otherwise  enjoyed.  To  the  three  principal  Egyptian 
cities  he  had  made  enormous  gifts  during  the  years  of  his 
reign,  and  the  temples  of  Turn  at  Heliopolis,  Ptah  at  Memphis^ 
and  Ammon  at  Thebes,  were  restored,  embellished,  maintained, 
and  supplied  with  all  things  necessary.  The  vast  temple  at 
Medinat  Habu,  his  palace  and  his  treasury,  still  remain  to 
attest  his  magnificence  and  grandeur ;  and,  if  his  domestic  life 
was  that  of  an  ordinary  Egyptian  monarch,  he  was  as  distin- 
guished in  the  battle-field  as  the  palace.  Treason  no  doubt 
disturbed  his  latter  days,  and  it  is  not  known  how  he  died,  but 
he  expired  after  a  reign  of  31  years  and  some  months,  and  left 
the  throne  to  his  son,  it  is  supposed  about  B.C.  1200.  It  is  of 
this  heroic  monarch  that  the  University  of  Cambridge  possesses 
the  lid  of  the  sarcophagus,  a  monument  of  great  value  and 
antiquity,  and  one  deserving  every  care  for  its  due  preserva- 
tion *. 

1  The  lid  is  figared  by  Torke  and  Leake  in  their  account  of  the  princi- 
pal Egyptian  monuments  in  England,  M$mo%r$  qf  the  Roy.  Soe.  qf  Literch 
ture,  Vol.  I.  4to.  London,  1827;  and  in  a  priyately  printed  dissertation, 
Egyptian  Antiquitut,  by  J.  P.  Cory,  M.A.,  there  is  an  account  of  the  coffin 
and  inscriptioa 


XXXVI.  A  Description  of  the  Medrasen,  in  Al- 
geria. Communicated  by  J.  W.  Clark,  Esq., 
M.A.,  Trinity  College. 


[November  8,  1875.] 


The  Medr&sen'  is  a  remarkable  sepulchral  monument  in 
Algeria,  situated  about  50  miles  soutk  of  Constantino.  There 
are  two  others,  called  respectively  El  Djedar  ('the  enclo- 
sures'), in  the  province  of  Oran,  and  Le  Tombeau  de  la  Chr^ 
tienne,  in  a  conspicuous  situation  on  the  cliff,  west  of  Algiers. 
These  three  have  certain  features  in  common ;  being  all  built 
of  enormous  blocks  of  limestone,  fitted  together  without  mortar; 
and  of  pyramidal  shape,  with  a  square  or  circular  base.  The 
base  of  the  Medrdsen  is  circular,  about  18  feet  high,  and  193  feet 
in  diameter.  Sixty  engaged  columns,  without  bases,  and  with 
plain  capitals  and  square  abacus,  support  a  massive  cornice, 
consisting  of  a  *  fillet  and  cavetto*  molding  repeated  twice,  of 
which  the  second  half  projects  considerably  beyond  the  first. 
Above  this  rises  a  truncated  cone,  consisting  of  23  steps,  each 
two  feet  high  and  three  broad  :  the  entire  structure  being 
60  feet  in  height     The  summit  is  a  circular  platform,  37  feet 

^  A  model  of  the  Medr&sen  was 'exhibited  and  presented  to  the  Society 
by  Mr  Clark  at  the  meetiug  at  which  the  present  communication  was  read. 


380 

•  in  diameter,  haviDg  a  hole  in  the  centre,  about  the  use  of 
which  much  controversy  has  arisen.  Mr  Blakesley  was  of 
opinion  that  it  had  never  been  closed  by  a  stone,  and  that 
the  aperture  extended  to  the  interior.  Subsequent  explora- 
tions, however,  have  shewn  the  fallacy  of  this  view :  and  as 
an  observer  in  the  last  century  (Peysonel),  who  visited  the 
monument  in  1724,  records  the  fact  that  a  tree  grew  on  the 
summit,  it  would  appear  likely  that  the  central  stone  had 
either  never  been  placed,  or  been  removed  by  some  of  those 
who  have  used  the  Medr^en  as  a  quarry. 

The  monument  has  suffered  a  good  deal  from  this  kind 
of  spoliation,  most  of  the  cornice  and  nearly  all  the  first  row 
of  steps  having  disappeared.  Besides  this  there  are  in  three 
or  four  places  vast  rents  in  the  conical  portion,  indicating  at- 
tempts to  penetrate  into  the  interior. 

The  French  have  made  many  attempts  to  explore  it.  In 
1849  an  entrance  was  discovered  on  the  eastern  side,  upon 
the  third  row  of  steps,  which  had  apparently  been  closed 
originally  by  a  trap  door;  but  progress  was  soon  arrested 
by  d^ris  fallen  from  above.  In  1855  fresh  explorations 
revealed  the  existence  of  a  sort  of  vestibule  on  the  east ;  but 
all  attempts  to  reach  the  interior  failed. 

In  1866,  M.  Bauchetet,  an  officer  of  engineers,  employed 
to  make  a  model  (of  which  the  one  exhibited  is  a  copy)  for 
the  Exhibition  of  1867,  discovered  certain  mason's  marks  at 
equidistant  points  on  the  circumference;  and  on  digging, 
found  at  one  of  those  points  a  passage  which  seemed  to  lead 
into  the  interior.  He  was,  however,  recalled  to  Constantino, 
and  the  work  was  abandoned. 

Lastly,  in  1873,  the  Soci^t^  Archfologique  de  Constantine 
took  the  matter  up  seriously,  with  ample  authority  and  suf- 
ficient funds.  They  found  that  M.  Bauchetet's  passage  ended 
abruptly,  and  had  probably  been  made  by  previous  explorers. 
Abandoning  this,  they  concentrated  all  their  energy  upon  the 


381 

entrance  from  the  third  row  of  steps.  After  a  labour  of  two 
months  they  cleared  out  the  passage  to  which  this  led,  and 
found  in  the  centre  of  the  monument  a  chamber  about  four 
yards  wide  by  two  broad,  with  a  bench  of  stone  round  three 
sides.  The  walls  and  roof  of  this  were  of  blocks  of  stone,  put 
together  like  those  of  the  exterior,  while  the  passage  leading 
to  it  was  partly  of  stone,  and  partly  plastered.  Wherever 
there  was  plaster  it  had  been  coloured  purple.  The  roof  was 
supported  on  beams  of  wood,  most  of  which  appeared  to  have 
been  placed  there  by  previous  explorers.  There  was  evidence 
that  the  whole  had  been  set  on  fire,  as  the  wood  was  charred, 
and  quantities  of  lime,  the  remains  of  calcined  blocks  of  lime- 
stone, blocked  up  the  sepulchral  chamber.  Neither  bones  nor 
coins  were  met  with,  and  only  a  few  fragments  of  rude  pottery. 
It  was,  therefore,  clear  that  the  tomb  had  been  rifled  pre- 
viously, and  that  it  had  been  fired  by  its  explorers,  indignant 
at  finding  nothing  in  it  to  reward  their  labour.  Examination 
of  the  vestibule  on  the  east  revealed  a  pavement  of  plaster, 
coloured  purple  like  the  passage,  but  no  columns  or  ornaments 
of  any  kind.  It  was  further  discovered  that  a  vast  quantity  of 
tombs  had  existed  in  the  neighbourhood,  one  of  which  seemed 
to  be  a  miniature  copy  of  the  Medr&en,  and  contained  a  skele- 
ton. A  wall  of  enclosure  had  surrounded  the  whole.  It  was 
therefore  concluded  that  the  Medrdsen  was  the  centre  of  a 
necropolis  of  considerable  extent. 

The  latest  opinion  respecting  the  name  is  that  it  is  the 
plural  of  Madras,  a  legendary  ancestor  of  the  tribes  of  that  part 
of  North  Africa,  from  whom  Massinissa,  whose  capital  was 
Cirta  (Constantine),  claimed  descent.  If  this  be  so,  the  legend 
that  the  Medrdsen  is  a  royal  tomb  may  be  true,  the  plural 
number  indicating  that  several  persons  were  there  interred. 

Of  the  three  monuments,  the  only  one  mentioned  by  an 
ancient  author  is  '  Le  Tombeau  de  la  Chr^tienne,'  which  Pom- 
ponius  Mela  calls  *  commune  sepulchrum  regies  gentis' 


382 

The  architecture  would  appear  to  indicate  that  the  tomb 
was  constructed  by  an  artist  who  had  seen  Roman  work,  and 
who  blended  it  with  the  traditional  style  of  his  country.  Other- 
wise it  is  difficult  to  explain  the  union  of  the  columns  and 
cornice— which  are  classical  in  character — -with  the  barbario 
design  of  the  truncated  cone.  A  very  remote  date  canuot. 
therefore,  be  assigned  to  the  monument. 


XXXVIL     On   the  Crook  in  the  right   hand  of 

THE    FIGURE    OF    RaMESES    III.    ON    THE    COVER    OF 

HIS  Sarcophagus  now  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Mu- 
seum. Communicated  by  E.  H.  Palmer,  Esq., 
M.A.,  Lord  Almoner's  Reader  of  Arabic. 


[November  22,  1875.] 


Db  Birch,  in  Lis  description  of  the  cover  of  the  granite  sar- 
cophagus of  Barneses  III.,  which  was  read  at  the  last  meeting 
of  the  Antiquarian  Society,  notices  the  crook  which  appears  in 
the  right  hand  of  the  figure  of  the  king,  and  speaks  of  it  as 
the  emblem  of  ruling. 

In  illustration  of  this  point,  I  take  the  opportunity  of  ex- 
hibiting and  offering  to  the  Society  a  specimen  of  the  mehjd/n 
or  camel-stick  of  the  desert  Arabs,  which  is  variously  used  as 
a  goad,  or  a  whip,  or  to  hold  the  halter,  or  to  gather  prickly 
herbs  of  which  the  camel  is  fond,  and  to  hand  the  beast  such 
provender. 

Serving  as  it  does  so  many  different  purposes  connected 
with  the  driving,  &c.,  of  the  camel,  it  came  to  be  regarded 
as  a  fitting  emblem  of  the  possession  of  these  animals.  And 
since  in  the  desert  all  power,  wealth,  and  authority  is  mea- 
sured by  the  number  of  camels  possessed,  it  is  easy  to  see  how 
this  instrument  became  a  symbol  of  royalty.     It  was  one  of 


384 

the  earliest  forms  of  the  sceptre,  ancLis  sculpt\ired  on  Assyrian 
as  well  as  Egjrptian  monuments. 

Thus  held  in  the  right  hand  and  representing  the  sove- 
reignty of  the  Desert,  it  is  happily  balanced  by  the  three- 
thonged  horse-whip  held  in  the  left,  and  symbolic  of  wealth 
and  dominion  over  man  and  beast  in  cities. 

The  specimen  now  exhibited  is  of  latig  barri  or  wild  almond 
wood,  and  was  given  to  me  by  a  Bedawf  in  the  Tlh  (the  Desert 
of  the  Wanderings),  in  whose  family  it  had  been  used  for 
several  generations. 


XXXVIII.  A  List  of  the  Documents  in  the  Uni- 
versity Registry,  from  the  year  1266  to  the 
YEAR  1644.  Communicated  by  the  Rev.  H.  R 
LuARD,  B.D.,  University  Registrary. 


[March  6,  1876.] 


The  earliest  catalogue  of  the  University  documents  was  com- 
piled by  Mr  William  Rysley  in  1420.  Very  few  of  these  are 
missing.  In  1587,  Robert  Hare  of  Caius  College  completed  his 
great  collection  of  the  charters  and  privileges  granted  to  the 
University,  of  which  he  caused  three  copies,  one  a  sumptuous 
one  on  vellum,  the  other  two  on  paper,  to  be  made.  These  are 
now  preserved  in  the  Registry,  each  differing  from  the  other  in 
some  respects.  In  1622,  Matthew  Wrenn  of  Pembroke  Hall, 
afterwards  Master  of  Peterhouse,  and  successively  Bishop  of 
Hereford,  Norwich,  and  Ely,  made  a  list  of  the  "Scripta  et 
Munimenta  reperta  in  Archivis  Academise."  With  very  few 
exceptions  these  are  all  in  the  Registry  at  present.  In  the  year 
1852,  the  University  Commissioners  published  an  account  of 
the  documents  relating  to  the  University  and  Collegas,  and  in 
the  first  volume  gave  an  abstract  of  the  Records  received  from 
the  Tower.  We  have  some  here  which  are  wanting  in  that 
collection,  now  in  the  Record  office,  but  we  want  many  which 
it  has. 


386 

The  existing  documents  were  examined  and  carefally  re- 
paired some  few  years  since,  and  are  placed  in  such  a  condition 
as  to  be  easily  accessible,  and  to  be  in  no  danger  of  being  lost 
or  further  injured.  Many  of  them  had  suffered  grievously  from 
damp  in  past  years. 

The  earliest  document  which  the  University  possesses  is  so 
late  as  the  year  1266.  The  earliest  in  the  Record  office  is 
dated  16  July^  13  Hen.  III.,  i.e.  1229.  This  is  a  permission  to 
scholars  of  the  University  of  Paris  to  come  to  England,  and 
remain  for  purposes  of  study. 

In  Mr  Shirley's  collection  of  the  Royal  Letters  of  the  reign 
of  Henry  III.,  several  concerning  Cambridge  are  printed :  one 
from  the  King  directing  that  no  student  is  to  be  allowed  to 
remain,  who  is  not  under  the  tutorship  of  a  master  of  the 
schools,  another  complaining  of  the  exorbitant  rents  a8  likely 
to  drive  the  students  away,  and  ordering  the  lodgings  to  be 
taxed  according  to  custom.  The  King  speaks  of  the  great 
multitude  of  scholars  that  flocked  to  the  University  *'  studendi 
causa^  e  diversis  partibus  tam  cismarinis  quam  transmarinis." 
There  is  also  a  letter  to  the  King  from  R  de  Gedenye, 
Chancellor,  probably  in  1260;  a  name  not  known  among  our 
Chancellors  till  Mr  Shirley's  work  appeared. 

In  the  following  List  I  have  numbered  only  those  docu- 
ments which  now  exist  in  the  Registry ;  but  I  have  included 
also  some  which  have  disappeared  since  Rysley's  catalogue  was 
made.  These  last  are  included  in  brackets.  Those  marked  * 
are  included  in  the  "Abstract  of  Records  received  from  the 
Tower,"  printed  by  the  University  Commissioners  in  1852. 
The  documents  which  remain  are  all  contained  either  in  boxes 
or  drawers,  or  are  bound  up  in  one  or  other  of  the  volumes  of 
papers  which  have  been  put  together  during  the  last  few  years. 
The  references  to  Hare's  collection  are  to  the  paper  copy,  bound 
in  three  volumes. 


387 


List  of  Documents,  &a 

1.  De  taxationibus  faciendis  domuum  Scholarium  do  quinquen- 
nio  in  quinquenniam.     7  Feb.  1266.    50  Hen.  III. 

{Hare  i.  19)  vol.  i.  1. 

*2.  Litene  patentes,  Quod  duo  Aldermanni  associentur  majori 
et  ballivis  ad  pacem  conservandam  et  ad  assisam  panis,  vini,  kc,  De 
r^ratariis,  Ac.  et  mnndatione  plateanim.  22  Feb.  1268.  52  Hen. 
III.  {Ha/re  i.  20)  vol.  L  2. 

*[Lit  pat.  quod  vicecomes  juvabit  Cancellarium  ad  i*epnmendos 
transgressores  cum  fuerit  requisitus.     20  JuL  1269.     53  Hen.  HI.] 

3.  Compositio  inter  scholares  et  burgenses  Cantebrigise  per  Ed- 
ward um  regis  primogenitum  facta,  auctoritate  regia  confirmata.  Apr. 
1270.     54  Hen.  III.  {Ha/re  i.  21)  vol.  i.  3. 

*[Lit.  pat.  quod  non  fiant  tomeamenta  per  quinque  miliaria  in 
circuitu.     20  Jul.  1270.     54  Hen.  Ill] 

[Compositio  inter  Universitatem  et  rectorem  Sancti  Benedict!  de 
pulsatione  campanse.     1273.] 

4.  Decretum  regentium  et  non-regentium,  &a,  Joh.  Hooke 
Canoellario  prsesente,  quod  rectores  etiam  habebunt  coerdtionem 
transgressionum  et  potestatem  congregaudi  in  quibusdam  oaaibos  bI 
canoellarius  noluerit.     17  Mart.  1275.     3  Edw.  I. 

{Hwre  I.  28)  vol.  i.  4. 

5.  Scriptum  Domini  Hugonis  Episc.  Elien.  limitans  jurisdic- 
tionem  turn  Arcbid.  Eliens.  tum  Mag.  Glomerite  et  Cane.  Univers. 
(Two  copies  of  this.)     1276.    4  Edw.  I.  {Hare  l  33)  vol.  i.  5,  6. 

[Mandatum  Nicholai  P.  quarti  episcopo  Norwicensi  quod  terminet 
caueam  inter  Universitatem  et  quendam  magistrum  Radulium  de 
Lejcestria  pendentem.     1290.] 

6.  Confirmatio  per  Will  de  Luda  Episc.  Eliens.  compositionis 
facte  inter  Cane.  XJniversitatis  et  Mag.  R.  de  Leycestria  in  oontro- 
versia  de  distinctione  sedium.     19  Apr.  1290.    18  Edw.  I.    vol.  i.  7. 

*7.  Carta  de  confirmatione  privilegioruro  antiquorum  TJniversi- 
tatis.     6  Feb.  1291-2.     20  Edw.  I.  {Hare  i.  38)  Drawer  i.  1. 

*8.  Breve  contra  regratarios,  ne  ante  horani  tertiam  exerceant 
mei*caturaro  et  quod  forisfacturse  assignentur  Hospitali  S.  Johannia 


388 

ad  Bustentationem  pauperum  scholarium  XJniversitatia.     1  Jun.  1293. 
31  Edw.  I.  {Ha/re  i.  42)  voL  l  8. 

9.  Compositio  per  officialem  Episc.  Eliena  controversiie  inter 
IJniy.  et  Prioratum  de  Bemwelle  de  quibasdam  domiboa  jossa  et 
auctoritate  episcopali.     23  JuL  1293.     21  Edw.  1.  vol.  i.  9. 

10.  Sententia  Hugonis  Episc.  Eliens.  super  concordia  inter  Hen. 
de  Boyton  Cane.  Univ.  et  magistros  in  Theologia  &c.  6  Apr.  1294. 
22  Edw.  I.  {Hare  L  44)  vol.  i.  10. 

*11.  Confirmatio  lit.  pat  Hen.  Ill  de  cleiicis  et  scholaribus  ad 
mandatum  Oancellarii  incarcerandis.     28  Oct.  1 294.     22  Edw.  I. 

{Ha/re  1.  45)  vol.  i.  11. 

*12.  Lit.  pat.  vicecomiti  Cantebrig.  ne  fiant  torneamenta  et 
hastiludia  in  villa  Cant,  seu  per  quinque  milia  circumqnaque.  7  Nov. 
1305.     33  Edw.  J.  {Hare  l  49)  vol.  i.  12. 

13.  iDstrumentum  de  concordia  facta  inter  Universitatem  et 
conventum  fi*atrum  Pi'eedicatorum  et  Minorum  Cantebrigite.  Burde- 
galis.     17  Jun.  1306.     34  Edw.  L  {Hare  l  50)  Drawer  i.  2. 

[Confirmatio  cart®  de  requirendo  viceoomite  in  defectu  majona, 
Edw.  I.] 

*  [Lit.  pat.  ne  fiant  hastiludia  per  quioque  miliaria  in  circuita. 
5  Jun.     2  Edw.  II.] 

*  14.  Confirmatio  lit.  pat.  Hen.  Ill  et  Edw.  I  contra  r^iratarioe, 
et  quod  foriisfactaree  assignentur  Hospitali  S.  Johannis.  5  Jun.  .1309. 
2  Edw.  IL  {Hare  i.  64)  Draww  i.  3, 

*15.  Confirmatio  lit  pat  Hen.  III.  et  Edw.  I  de  clericis  et 
Bcbolaribus  malefactoribus  per  vicecomitem  capiendis  ad  mandatum 
Cancellarii.     5  Jun.  1309.     2  Edw.  II.  {Hare  i.  63)  vol.  i.  13. 

*  [Carta  confirmans  privilegia  ab  Henrico  III  et  Edwardo  I  con* 
cessa.     5  Jun.  2  Edw.  II.] 

16.  Concordia  inter  Univ.  et  Nicolanm  le  Barber  super  domo 
ex  opposite  B.  MarisB  ubi  deoretistse,  canonistse,  legistie,  &a  legere 
coDsueverunt     23  JuL  1309.     3  Edw.  II.  vol.  i.  14. 

17.  See  No.  61gs  below. 

18.  lit.  pat  quod  scholares  possint  convenire  burgenses  et  alios 
laicoB  coram  Cancellario.     8  Apr.  1314.     7  Edw.  II. 

{Hare  i.  65)  vol  i.  16. 


389 

*  [lit.  pat.  pro  tuitione  scholarinm  et  saoram.   3  Oct.   8  Edw.  II.] 

19.  Carta  de  confirmatione  priyilegiorum  antiquomm,  recitann  et 
confirmans  cartam  2  Edw.  II  cum  augmentatione  privilegiorum  no- 
vorum  U  Feb.  1316-7.     10  Edw.  II.  {Hare  i.  66)  vol.  i.  17. 

[Nova  confirmaiio  Univeraitatis  per  Johannem  Papain  "^"^TT. 
Anno  2.     1317—18.] 

*20.  lit.  pat.  qnod  inquisitioneB  super  grayibus  transgression i- 
bus,  ubi  altera  pars  est  scholaris,  tam  per  forinseooe  quam  per  intriu- 
seoos  capiantur,  et  quod  tranflgressores  in  castro  custodiantur.  3  Jnn. 
1317.     10  Edw.  XL  {Hofre  i.  71)  vol.  l  18. 

*21.  Breve  quod  mulieres  publicsB  eiciantur  e  villa  et  suburbiis 
Cant     6  Jun.  1317.     10  Edw.  II.  {Hare  l  72)  vol.  l  19. 

*22.  licentia  appropriandi  advocationes  eoclesiarum  Universi- 
tati  ad  valorem  £40.  p.  a.  non  obstante  statute.  5  JuL  1321.  14 
Edw.  II.  {HavB  I.  74)  Drcwm  i.  4. 

[Jobannis  Papie  XXII.  suspensio  sententie  exoommunicationis 
late  per  canonem  in  eos  qui  exponunt  decretalem  Exivi  de  paradiso. 
Anno  6.     26  Mart.  1322.] 

*  [Breve  directum  certis  judicibus  ad  inquirendum  de  trans- 
greasoribus  contra  libertates  Universitafcis.     18  MaL    15  Edw.  II.] 

[Jobannis  Papse  XXII  declaratio  utrum  Cbristus  aliquid  babuit 
in  proprio  vel  communL     Anno  7.     12  Nov.  1322.] 

[Jobannis  Papse  XXII  statutum  quod  incipit  Ad  conditorem 
cananum.     Anno  7.     8  Dec  1322.] 

[Jobannis  Papse  XXII  responsiones  ad  fratres  minores  impug- 
nantes  duo  statuta  quorum  unum  incipit  Ad  cimdUarem,  alind  Own 
inter  nonnuUaa.     Anno  9.     10  Nov.  1324.] 

[Jobannis  Papie  XXII  mandafcum  quod  sua  statuta  legantur 
in  scolis  canonum.     Anno  9.     1324 — 25.] 

*23.  Carta  de  confirmatione  privilegiorum  antiquoram.  3 
Mart  1326-7.     1  Edw.  III.  {Hare  i.  96)  Drawer  i.  5. 

[Lit.  pat.  quod  malefactores  capiantur  per  vicecomitem  si  a  can- 
oellario  requiratur.     3  Mart  1326-7.     1  Edw.  III.] 

*24.  Lit  pat  quod  scbolares  possint  con  venire  burgenses  et 
alios  laicoB  coram  Cancellario  in  omnibus  actionibus  personalibus. 
24  Mart  1326-7.     1  Edw.  III.  {Hare  i.  103)  vol.  I.  20. 


390 

*26.  Lit.  pat.  de  protectione  Cane.  mag.  et  schol.  ac  aenrien- 
tium  et  bonorum  suoram.     24  Mart  1326-7.     1  Edw.  III. 

{Hare  l  102)  voL  i.  21. 

*  [Confirmatio  lit.  pat.  Hen.  Ill,  Edw.  I  et  II  contra  r^pratario^ 
et  quod  forisfacturs  assignentur  Hospitali  S.  Johannis.  24  Mart 
1326-7.     1  Edw.  III.] 

*[Lit  pat.  Liceotia  appropriandi  ecdesiam  £40  Uniyersitati 
(sc.  Aula  Universitatis).     27  Mart  1326-7.     1  Edw.  IIL] 

*26.  Carta  (de  Nottingham)  confirmans  omnia  privilegia  an- 
tiqua.     22  Oct  1327.     1  Edw.  IIL  (Hare  i.  103)  Dratoer  l  6. 

*  27.  Lit  pat.  quod  mulieres  publicsB  e  villa  et  suburbiis  eician- 
tur.     23  Oct  1327.     1  Edw.  IIL  (Hare  i.  209)  vol.  i.  22. 

*  28.  Mandatum  de  protectione  Oanc.  mag.  et  schol.  ac  de  privi- 
legiis  et  libertatibua  oonseryandis.     4  Dec.  1335.     9  Edw.  IIL 

(Hare  I.  113)  voL  i.  23. 

*  29.  Lit  pat.  quod  major  et  ballivi  fitcieut  temptatioiiem  seu 
assaiam  panis  et  cerviBiao  ad  requisitionem  Ganoellarii  20  Mart 
1335-6.     10  Edw.  IIL  (Hare  i.  114)  vol  i.  24. 

*30.  lit  pat  quod  major,  ballivi,  2  Aldermanni,  4  burgenses, 
et  2  de  qualibet  parochia  juramentum  pnestabunt  coram  Cancel- 
lario  ad  pacem  Univ.  et  vilLe  ooniservandam.  20  Mart  1335-6.  10 
Edw.  IIL  (Hare  l  116)  vol.  i.  25. 

31.  Grant  by  the  University  of  the  Advowson  of  Domos  Uni- 
versiutis  (Clare  Hall)  to  Elizabeth  de  Burgo  Lady  de  Clare  and  her 
heirs  in  consequence  of  her  gift  of  the  patronage  of  the  church  of 
litlyngton.     5  Apr.  1340.  vol.  l  26. 

32.  Indultum  Simonis  Ep.  Eliensis  pro  amputandis  appellationi- 
bus  et  querelis  frivolis  cum  inhibitione  pro  defensioDC  juris  ecclesiad 
suflB.     17  Mart  1341-2.     (2  copies.)         (Hare  i.  136)  vol.  l  27,  28. 

*33.  Lit  pat.  quod  Canoellarius  habeat  oognitionem  in  omnibus 
contractibus  rerum  mobilium,  et  quod  idem  Canoellarius  non  moles- 
tetur  de  false  imprisonamento.  19  Sept  1343.  17  Edw.  III.  (2 
copies.)  (Hare  L  138)  vol.  i.  29,  30. 

34.  Exemplificatio  literarum  de  salva  custodia  incarceratorum 
ad  mandatum  CancellariL     28  Feb.  13)3-4.     18  Edw.  IIL 

(Hare  I.  139)  vol.  i.  31. 


391 

35.  Fuadatio  Cistse  de  Neele.     25  Feb.  1344-5.        Drawer  i.  7. 

36.  Confirmation  by  Thomafi  Bp  of  Ely  of  the  grant  of  hia 
predecessor  Simon  (No.  32).    2  Aug.  1347.      (Hwre  l  140)  vol.  i.  32. 

37.  Statuta  Collegii  de  Valence  Marie  (AuL  Pemb.).     1347. 

Drawer  x» 

38.  Indentura  XJmy.  de  quodam  messuagio  in  Cant,  concesso  in 
perpetuum  Coll.  de  Valence  Mai-ie  ut  habeatur  memoria  Rogeri  de 
Heydon.     12  Dec.  1351.    25  Edw.  III.  {Hare  l  144)  vol.  i.  33. 

39.  Statuta  Collegii  Trinitatis  de  Norvico  (AuL  Trin.).  29 
Mai.  1352.     26  Edw.  III.  Drawer  x. 

40.  Mandatum  ut  non  obstantibus  regis  prohibitionibus  Cancel- 
larius  procedat  in  judicio  causarum  suae  cognitionis.  8  Dec.  1355. 
29  Edw.  III.  vol.  L  34. 

[Translatio  Collegii  Corporis  CbriBti  a  manu  laicorum  in  patro- 
natum  ducis  Lancastriea  cum  statutis  ejnsdem  collegii.     1356.] 

41.  Lit.  pat.  de  burgensibus  coram  Cancellario  conveniendis. 
12  Mart.  1358-9.    33  Edw.  III.  {Hare  i.  148)  vol.  l  35. 

42.  Statuta  Aulse  de  Clare.     27  Mart.  1359.     33  Edw.  III. 

Drawer  x. 

*43.  Mandatum  ne  scholares  in  cansis  aliquibus  privilegia  sua 
tangentibus  extra  Universitat*  m  in  curiam  Chiistianitatis  evocentur. 
22  Mai  1362.     36  Edw.  III.  {Hare  i.  149)  vol.  i.  36, 

44.  Lit.  pat.  ne  restitutio  lit.  pat.  regis  in  anno  regni  xxvi  con- 
oessarum  cedat  in  prsejudicium  aliaiTim  libertatum  Universitatis. 
12  Jun.  1364.     38  Edw.  Ill  {Hare  i.  150)  vol.  i.  37. 

[licentia  ooncessa  per  Urbanum  Papam  V  pro  triennio  bene- 
ficiatis  stadere  volentibus.     Anno  6.     1367-68.] 

[Executoria  super  eadem  licentia  TJrbani  Papse  V.  Anno  6. 
1367-68.] 

45.  Citatio  e  Curia  Cantuar.  ad  curiam  Cancellarii  de  Mag.  Job. 
de  Donevico  non  recte  electo  in  Cana     30  Oct.  1369.  vol.  i.  38. 

46.  Obligatio  Johannis  Gogh  in  40«.  de  observandis  privilc^is 
Universitatis.     21  Nov.  1369.  v6l.  i.  39. 

27 


392 

47.  Lit.  pat.  no  mandatum  regis  in  causa  disoordiie  inter 
scholares  AuIsb  suae  et  scholares  Anise  Clar.  tendat  in  pnejudidnm 
libertatum  Univ.    8  MaL  1373.    47  Edw.  III.    {Ha^e  1. 156)  voL  L  40. 

48.  Decretum  Universitatis  (Johanne  de  Donewico  Oanoellario) 
de  approbatione  regulte  Fratrum  ordinis  beatsB  Marise  de  Monte 
Carmeli.    23  Feb.  1374-5.    49  Edw.  III.       {Hwre  i.  156)  vol.  l  41. 

[Carta  Clajdon,  quod  Cancellarius  propter  incarcerationes  non 
inqoietetnr  per  brevia.     Edw.  III.] 

[Carta  de  placitis  coram  Canoellario,  quod  Cancellarius  cognoscat 
in  omnibus  causis  scholarinm,  mahemio  et  felonia  exceptis.  Edw. 
III.] 

*  [Carta  confirmationis  omnium  privilegiorum.  4  Jul.  1378.  2 
Ri.  II.] 

49.  Reoorda  et  placita  coram  Cancellario  Ric.  Le  Scrope  in  le 
ToUebouth.     2  RL  IL     1378,  1379.  voL  i.  42. 

50.  Breve  regis  de  subsidio  per  decimam  et  quintodecimam  per 
Cane,  et  scholares  solvendam.     7  Jul.  1378.     2  Ri  II.        vol  i.  43. 

*51.  Lit  pat  quod  victualia  regratariorum  et  forestallatorum 
forisfacta  assignentur  Hospitali  Sancti  Jobannis.  12  JuL  1378. 
2  Ri.  IL  {Ha^  i.  185)  vol  i,  44. 

52.  Carta  pro  assisa  panis  et  potus  per  majorem  et  ballivoe  ad 
mand.  et  in  prsesentia  CancellariL    4  Aug.  1378.    2  Ri  IL    vol  i.  45. 

53.  Breve  regis  de  subsidio  quod  de  custodibus  hospitiorum  nihil 
exigatur  ad  regis  subsidium.    10  Feb.  1378-9.    2  Ri  IL     vol.  i.  46. 

[Idcentia  curatis  studere  volentibus  ab  Urbano  Papa  YI  per 
cardinales  ad  triennium.     Anno  4.     1381-82.] 

54.  Lit.  pat.  quibusdam  Commissariis  directse  ad  cognoscendum 
super  a8poi*tatione  et  combustione  munimentorum  et  aliamm  rerum. 
10  Aug.  1381.     5  Ri.  IL  {Hare  l  212)  Drau>er  i.  8. 

55.  Breve  de  non  ulterius  procedendo  in  transgressionibus  ali- 
quibus  audiendis  prseterquam  in  his  quae  contra  Cane,  et  schol. 
perpetrate  sunt    23  Oct.  1381.    5  Ri.  IL     {Ha/re  i.  213)  vol.  i.  47, 

5^.  Mandatum  ne  Cancellarius  et  socii  sui  ulterius  procedant 
in  executione  commissionis  susb  de  feloniis  et  transgressionibus 
audiendis  et  terminandis.     9  Dec.  1381.     5  Ri.  11.  vol.  i.  48: 


393 

*57.     Carta  pro  assisa  et  assaia.     17  Feb.  1381-2.     6  Ei.  II. 

(Hare  i.  210)  vol.  i.  49. 

There  is  also  an  office  copy   of  this  from  the  Kecoifi  office, 

made  20  Apr.  1838.  vol.  i.  50. 

*58.  Maadatum  justioiariis  et  aliis  ministris  regis  de  libertatibus 
Univ.  allocandis  et  quod  major  et  ballivi  Cane,  non  impediant  in 
assisa  et  assaia.    13  Mart.  1381-2.    5  Ri.  11.     {Ha/re  i.  211)  vol.  i.  51. 

59.  Kevocatio  inhibitionis  per  decannm  R.  Marise  de  Arcubus 
Lond.  Guidon!  de  Zouche  Cancellario  feustse  in  causa  inter  clericum 
et  oppidanum.     5  Mai  1382.  vol.  i.  52. 

60.  Denuntiatio  per  offidalem  Archidiaconi  Eliensis  facta 
eujusdam  in  Chesterton  Buspensi  pro  contumacia  coram  Cancellario. 
12  Jun.  1382.  vol.  i.  53. 

61.  Breve  Cancellario  transmissum  de  modo  vendendi  vinum  de 
Vasconiay  Bupella,  Oaeye,  Hispania,  et  de  Rino.  26  Nov.  1382. 
6  Ei.  II.  (Hare  i.  217)  vol.  i.  54. 

61a.  Breve  regis  Thesaurariis  subsidii,.  custodes  coUegiorum  et 
scholares  ezemptos  esse  a  decimis  et  quintodecimis  pro  hospitiis, 
libris,  vessellamentis,  equis,  et  omnibus  bonis  vi  Pari.  Glocest  Ita 
tamen  ut  pro  terris  acquisitis  post  annum  8™  Edw.  I.  solvant  ad 
subddium.     3  Dec.  1382.     6  Ei.  II.  vol.  i.  15. 

This  document,  which  does  not  bear  any  King's  name,  but  which 
really  belongs  to  Richard  II,  has  been,  since  Wrenn's  time,  looked 
upon  as  belonging  to  Edw.  II,  and  it  was  accordingly  so  bound  up 
in  the  volume,  before  its  actual  date  was  discovered. 

62.  Grant  to  John  of  Nottingham  of  the  fee  farm  for  the  assise 
for  his  life.     8  Jan.  1383-4.     7  Ei.  II.  vol.  i.  55. 

Also  three  acquittances  to  the  University.     8,  9,  11  Ei.  II. 

vol.  I.  56,  57,  58. 

63.  Mandatum  de  mundandis  plateis  et  rivis  et  aqueeductibtis. 
22  Jun.  1383.     7  Ei.  II.  vol.  i.  59. 

*64.  Carta  de  omnibus  placitis  coram  Cancellario,  ubi  scholaris 
est  altera  paos,  prseter  feloniam  et  mahemium.  10  Dec.  1383.  7 
Ei  II.     (2  copies.)  (Hare  i.  219)  vol.  i.  60,  61. 

65.     Mandatum  vicecomiti,  custodi  castri,  atque  majori,  de  re- 

27—2 


394 

cipiendis  incarcerandis  ad  placitnm  Cancellarii.     10  Dec  1383.      7 

Ri.  II.  {Hare  i.  220)  vol.  i.  62. 

[Carta  quod  major  intendat  Oancellario  in  correctionibua    Hi.  II.] 

*[Lit.  pat  quod  Cancellarius  habeat  deputationem  et  delibera- 
tionem  busselli  cum  proficuis  ex  eisdem  provenieiitibns»  et  quod  sum- 
monere  possit  homines  de  villa  Cantebrigin  ad  prsosentandum  de  fore- 
stallatoribus.     10  Dec.  1384.     5  Ei.  II.] 

*Q^.  Mandatum  quod  major  et  ballivi  non  impediant  Cancel- 
larium  in  materia  busselli  aut  in  aliorum  privilegiorum  executions. 
12  Dec.  1384.     8  Ri.  II.  {Han^  i.  226)  vol.  i.  63. 

[Mandatum  quod  major  et  ballivi  non  impediant  victualarios 
sub  poena  centum  librarum.     12  Dec.  1384.     8  Ri.  II.] 

*67.  Lit.  pat.  ne  officialis  curise  Cantuarise  transmittat  citationes 
seu  inbibitiones  ad  impediendos  processus  coram  Cancellario.  16  Dec 
1385.     9  Ei.  II.     (2  copies.)  (Hcvrs  i.  227)  vol.  i.  64,  65. 

[Licentia  ab  Urbano  Papa  YI  quod  beneficiati  possunt  stare  in 
studio  per  quinquennium.     Anno  9.     1386«87.] 

*68.  lit.  pat.  quod  candelsB  et  focalia  sub  nomine  victualium 
reputabuntur.     7  Apr.  1386.     9  Ri.  II.         (Ha/re  i.  228)  voL  i.  66. 

69.  Breve  Cancellario  transmiasum  de  villa  mundanda  a  fimis  et 
Bordibus  in  adventum  regis  et  dominorum  consilii  sui  ad  Parliamentum. 
8  Aug.  1388.     12  Rl  II.  {Ha/re  i.  234)  vol.  i.  67. 

70.  Concessio  priori  et  conventui  de  Bemewell  de  augmentatione 
dierum  fefise  de  Bernewelle,  soil.  14  dierum,  ad  festum  Sanctse  Ethel- 
dred».     16  Oct.  1388.     12  Ri.  II.  Drawer  i.  9. 

71.  litene  protectionis  Cancellarii,  procuratorum,  et  aliorum 
ministrorum  Universitatis  cum  omnibus  privilegiis  suis  per  quin- 
quennium duratursB.     20  Apr.  1389.     12  Ri.  II.  vol.  i.  68. 

-  72.  lit.  pat.  quod  null  us  minister  in  civitatibus  vel  in  buigis 
mercandiset  de  vinis  vel  victualibus  in  grosso  vel  in  retallo.  2  Jul. 
1389.  voL  I.  69. 

*73.  lit.  pat.  ne  scholares  aut  servientes  sui  ab  hominibus 
villse  Cant,  indicti  graventur  seu  attachientur  usque  in  proximum 
Parliamentum.    26  Nov,  1390.    14  Ri,  II.     {Ha/re  i.  244)  vol.  i.  70. 


895 

74.  lit.  pat.  quod  Cancellarins  et  major  inqnirant  de  nocu- 
mentis  contra  formam  statati  dudum  apud  Cantebrigiam  editl  12 
Dea  1390.  (JETore  i.  243)  vol.  i.  71. 

*76.    A  repetition  of  No.  73.    28  Nov.  1391.     15  Ri.  II. 

(Hare  l  247)  vol  i.  72. 
[Mandatum  vicecomiti  quod  assistat  Cancellarium  in  incarcerando 
malefactorum  in  defectu  majoris.     30  Jan.  1391-2.     15  Hi.  II.] 

pVfandahim  qnod  episcopus  Eliensis  non  mittat  citationes  ad 
impediendum  citationes  in  curia  Oancellarii  13  Feb.  1391-2.  15 
Ri.  II.] 

76.  Bond  in  £10  from  Ralpb,  canon  of  Croxton  monasteiy,  to 
read  Canon  Law  lectures  for  3  years  in  Cambridge.     29  May  1392. 

vol,  I.  73. 

77.  (1)  Conoessio  per  sorores  domus  S.  Loonardi  de  Stratford 
atte  Bowe  de  quodam  tenemento  in  vico  scholarium  ad  usum  IJni* 
veraitatia.     19  MaL  1395.     19  Ri.  II.     (Hcvre  i.  253)  Drawer  i.  10. 

(2)  litene  attomatus  pro  seisina  ejusdem.  19  MaL  1395.  19 
Ri  IL  Drawer  I,  11. 

*78.  Commissio  de  pace  conservanda  in  villa  Cantebrigi®  et 
suburbiisy  sal  vis  Academiffi  piivilegiis.     9  Feb.  1396*7.     20  Ri.  II. 

vol.  I.  74. 

79.  Indenture  between  the  University  and  the  Prior  of  Barnwell, 
1  June  1397.     {French.)  vol.  i.  75. 

[Indiilgentia  concessa  per  Bonifacium  Papam  IX  celebrantibus  in 
capella  TJniversitatiB.     Anno  10.     1398-99.] 

80.  Mandatum  Cancellario,  procuratoribus,  to,,  ut  respondeant 
Uteris  regis  Francis  de  schismate  Romano,  sub  forisfiictura  omnium 
privilegiorum.     20  Nov.  1398.  {Hars  i.  263)  vol  i.  76. 

81.  Mandatum  regis  pro  sententia  Universitatis  conscribenda  de 
schismate  dirimendo.     6  Jan.  1398-9.     22  RL  II.  vol.  i.  77. 

82.  Responsum  Universitatis  regi  de  schismate.  24  Jan.  1398-9. 
22  RL  IL  vol.  I.  78. 

*83.  lioentia  graduatis  adeundi  ad  sedem  Apostolicam  pro 
proviaionibus  et  expectationibus  benefioiorum.  27  Apr.  1399.  22 
RL  II.  Drawer  i.  12. 


396 

*84.  Carta  oonferens  privilegia  omnuu  10  Nov.  1399.  1 
Hen.  IV.  (Mare  n.  1)  Box  i.  1. 

[Litera  Bonifadi  PapsB  IX  quod  Cancellarius  in  sua  electione 
confirmatur.     Anno  12.     1400-01.] 

*85.  Lit  pat.  quod  Cancellarius  solvat  Johanni  de  Notyngham 
id  quod  a  retro  est  de  annuitate  sua  x  marcarum  de  firma  aasis» 
panis,  etc.  (see  No.  62).     14  Mart  1401.    2  Hen.  IV. 

{Hare  ii.  5)  voL  i.  79. 

[Breve  directum  vicecomiti  ad  recipiendum  imprisonandos  ad 
mandatum  Cancellarii     Hen.  lY.] 

86.  Breve  regis  directum  majori  et  ballivis  de  non  molestando 
Cancellario  in  assisa,  assaia,  bussello,  &c.    8  Sept  1403.     4  Heu.  IV. 

voL  I.  80. 

*  87.  Breve  quod  frater  Johannes  Chestro  admittatur  ad  actum 
scholasticum  post  fratrem  Philippum  Boydell.  11  Jun.  1404.  5 
Hen.  IV,  (ffwre  ii.  16)  Drawer  i.  13, 

[Notificatio  de  electione  Gregorii  Papse  XII.     1406.] 

88.  Lit  pat  Edwardo  duci  Eboracensi  et  aliis  nobilibns  pro 
conservatione  pacis,  de  non  intromittendo  se  in  causas  XJniversitatis. 
16  Jun.  1412.     13  Hen.  IV.  vol.  i.  81, 

89.  Trial  in  the  Exchequer.  Joh.  Arondell,  custos  liberie  capellae 
Sanctse  Marise  Magd.^  alias  <*  Steresbrugge  Chappell,"  juxta  Barnwell 
versus  Ballivos  villse  Cantebrigue.  (Arondell  claimed  "stallaginm  et 
pickagium  de  omnibus  personis  cum  quibuscunque  mercandisis 
mercandisantibus  super  terra  dicta  Chappell  Yard."  Verdict  for 
Arondell.)     4  March  1412 — 3.     (Copy  made  in  the  xviith  century.) 

vol.  L  82. 

.  90.  Mandatum  de  modo  observandi  stat  antiq.  176  de  habitibus 
baccalaureorum  secundum  ritum  Oxoniensem.  21  Oct.  1414.  2 
Hen.  V.  {Hwre  n.  35)  vol.  r.  83. 

91.  Mandatum  ut  baccalaurei  in  habitibus  conformentur  ad 
ritum  Oxoniensem  sab  poena  £1000.     4  Dec.  1414.     2  Hen.  V. 

{Hare  ii.  36)  voL  i.  84, 

92.  lit.  pat  quod  scholares  juris  civilis  lecturis  intersint  et 
bedellis  persolvant  collectas  suas.     24  Apr.  1415.     3  Hen.  V. 

{Hare  ii.  37)  Drawer  i.  14. 


397 

93.     A  similar  mandate  to  No.  92.     1  MaL  U15.     3  Hen.  Y. 

(Hwte  II.  38)  vol.  L  85. 

*[L]t.  pat.  quod  Oancellarius,  major,  et  vicecomes  capiant  Buk- 
worth,  Strangwys,  Alnewik,  et  alios.    20  Jun.  1415.     3  Hen.  V.] 

*94.  Lit.  claus.  quod  vicecomes,  major,  et  ballivi  villse  Cante- 
brigisB  intendant  Cancellario  ad  paoem  conservandam  cam  fuerint 
requisiti      23  Jun.  1415.      3  Hen.  V.     {Hwre  ii.  37)  Drawer  i.  15. 

95.  Letter  of  the  Duke  of  Exeter  to  the  University,  recom- 
mending his  clerk  Guy  Wiseham  for  a  degree  before  going  to  the 
general  council  called  bj  the  Pope  in  May.  English.  10  Jan. 
[1415-6.]  vol.  I.  86. 

96.  Letter  of  the  Cardinals  of  Constance  to  the  Universitji 
announcing  the  election  of  Otho  Colonna  (Martin  Y)  to  the  Papacy. 
Constance  22  Dec.  1417.  vol.  i,  87. 

97.  Breve  Yicecomiti  in  querela  inter  Joh.  Ajlesham  et  Joh. 
Ejkingale  de  catallis  captis.     23  Oct.  1418.     6  Hen.  Y.     vol.  i.  88. 

*98.  Commissio  Cancellario,  majori,  aliisque  directa  de  pace 
custodienda  et  statuto  contra  LoUardos  in  villa  et  libertate  Cante- 
brigisB,  salva  juriadictione  CancellariL     24  Oct.  1418.     6  Hen.  Y. 

{Han-e  II.  81)  vol.  i.  89. 

99.  Ordinatio  Convocationis  provincisB  Eboracensis  de  promo- 
tione  graduatorum.  14  Jan.  [1421]  when  Hen.  [Bowett]  was  Abp 
of  York.  voLi.  90. 

100.  Indentura  inter  TJniversitatem  et  Aulam  S.  Trinitatis  de 
concessione  parcellas  teme  prope  vicum  Scholarum.  28  Jan.  1421-2. 
9  Hen.  Y.  Drawer  i.  16. 

101.  Exequies  decretse  Mag.  BL  Holme^  Aul.  Beg.  Mag.  propter 
amplificationem  Librarise,  <feo.     21  Jun.  1424.  vol.  i.  91. 

102.  Obligatio  quorundam  in  £20  de  observandis  privilegiis 
Universitatis.     18  Jan.  1424-5.     3  Hen.  YI.  vol.  i.  92. 

103.  Aula  Begis  sese  obstrinxit  ad  exequisus  annuas  Bic.  de 
Holme  (nuper  custodis)  in  utroque  jure  licentiati  quia  multos  libros 
multumque  auri  contulit.    20  Mai.  1425.    3  Hen.  YT.    Drawer  i.  17. 

104.  Petitio  Boberti  Filii  Hugonis  Canoell.  ut  Joh.  Henley  (frater 
de  ord.  Pr»ed.)  admittatur  in  Doctorem.    23  Mart.  1425-6.   vol.  i.  93. 


398 

105.  litera  TJniversitatis  Archiep.  Cant.  &c.  contra  Frandsci 
privignum  qui  docuit  decimas  personales  de  prascepto  legis  non 
deberi,  sed  (ubi  consnetado  contraria  non  fuerit)  in  pauperes  aliosqne 
po88e  solvi.  Eum  itaque  ut  hereticum  damnandum  approbant.    1426. 

vol.  L  94. 

106.  Litera  TJniyersitatis  ad  Archiepisc.  Cantaariae  et  coepiaoo- 
pos  snos  in  concilio  Lond.  convocatoa  contra  FranciBci  privignum  et 
pro  defensione  oblationum  decimarum«     22  Jun.  1426.     4  Hen.  VT. 

(Hare  u.  96)  vol  i.  95. 

107.  Pope  Martin  V.  to  the  Prior  of  Barnwell,  and  John 
Depyng,  Canon  of  Lincoln,  to  enquire  into  the  pretensions  of  the 
University  to  exemption  from  archiepiscopal  and  episcopal  jurisdic- 
tion.    6  July  1430.  vol  i.  96. 

108.  Processus  Bamwellensis  ex  mandate  Martini  Fape  Y,  cum 
buUia  Joh.  XXII  et  Bonifacii  IX.     10  Oct.  1430.         Dratoer  l  18. 

109.  Carta  confirmana  privilegia  omnia.  20  Jan.  1430-1. 
9  Hen.  VI.  {Hare  il  124)  Box  i.  2. 

[Litera  Papalis  sub  plumbo  transmissa  pro  general!  concilio  in 
civitate  Basiliensi,     1431.] 

110.  Protestatio  solennis  &cta  per  Cancellarium  et  procnratores 
contra  omnem  innovationem  et  nominatim  in  processu  Bemewellensi. 
26  Nov.  1431.  vol.  I,  97. 

111.  A  similar  instrument  to  110.     20  June  1432.      vol.  i.  98. 

112.  Statutum  cistse  magistri  Ricardi  Bylljngforth.  Fundator 
annumeratus  est  inter  benefactores.     5  Sept.  1432.  vol  i.  99. 

113.  Copia  decreti  inter  magistrum  et  soc.  ColL  Corporis  Christi 
et  Galf.  Couper  perp.  Yic.  Eccl.  S.  Botolphi  Cant  de  augmentatione 
Vicariaa.     5  Jan.  1432-3.     11  Hen.  VL  JDratoer  i.  19. 

114.  Confirmation  by  Pope  Eugenius  IV  of  the  exemption  of 
the  University  from  archiepiscopal  and  episcopal  jurisdiction,  upon 
petition  of  the  University,  and  upon  declaration  of  the  Prior  of  Bam- 
weU  that  after  due  examination  it  appeared  that  the  University 
had  enjoyed  such  exemption  from  the  dates  of  the  grants  of  Popes 
Honorius  and  Sergius.     18  Sept.  1433.  vol.  i.  100. 

115.  Honorii  I.  confirmatio  privilegiorum  Univ.  Cant.  a.d.  624, 
et  confirmatio  Sergii  I.  a.d.  689.     (Two  xvth  century  copies.) 

{Hare  i.  1,  3)  vol.  i.  101,  102. 


399 

116.  An  objection  against  the  Barnwell  process  answered, 
(x VII tk  century.)  vol.  i.  103. 

117.  Bond  of  £40  of  Gerard  Wake  and  Thomas  LoUeworth 
(fishmoDgers)  to  the  ChanceUor  and  Proctors.  15  Nov.  1435.  14 
Hen.  VI.  vol.  i.  104. 

[lit.  pat.  de  concessione  manerii  de  Ruyslip  cum  placea  de  North- 
wood  TJniyersitati  ad  sustentationem  schelarum  publicarum  et  ad 
opus  communis  librariee.     10  Jul.  1438.     16  Hen.  VL] 

118.  Bond  of  John  Langton  (clerk)  to  relieve  the  University  of 
the  payment  of  6«.  Sd.  annually  Magistro  de  Shengey  pro  quadam 
vacua  placea  vocata  Crouched  Hostell.    25  Nov.  1440.    19  Hen.  VI. 

vol.  I.  105. 

119.  Perdonatio  generalis  concessa  TJniversitati  contra  pr»- 
munire,  Ac.    7  Nov.  1446.    25  Hen.  VI.     {Hare  ii.  126)  vol.  i.  106. 

120.  Provocatio  ad  Papam  et  curiam  Cantuar.  per  Oancell.  Bob. 
Aiscogh  contra  extemam  auctoritatem.  24  Nov.  1447.  A  similar 
instrument  to  N«   110,  111.  vol.  i.  107. 

121.  Letter  to  a  Bishop,  notifying  a  grant  to  him  of  the  Doc- 
torate in  Jure  Canonico  sent  by  W.  Aiscogh,  proctor.  16  Dec.  [be- 
fore 1454.]  vol  vm.  1. 

122.  Testimonium  conversationis  et  gradus  Job.  Liawysby,  A.M. 
20  Feb.  1455-6.  vol.  i.  108. 

*123.  Confirmatio  compositionis  inter  Cancellarium  Universitatis 
et  -Prsepositum  CoUegii  Begalis  per  regem.  18  Feb.  1456-7.  35 
Hen.  VI.  Drato&r  i.  20. 

*124.  Carta  de  mimdatione  viarum  et  de  meretricibus  per 
4  milia  banniendis.     12  Apr.  1459.     37  Hen.  VI. 

{Ha/re  ii.  145)  Drawer  i.  21. 

[litera  regis  CanceUario  Roberto  Woodlark  quod  neque  comes 
comitatus  neque  major  villse  se  intromittant  de  assessionibus  scho- 
larium  vel  aliquorum  sub  junsdictione  CancellariL  38  Hen.  VL 
1459.] 

•  *125.     Carta    confirmans   omnia    privilegia.      12    May    1463. 
3  Edw.  IV.  {Haa^e  ii.  150)  vol.  i.  109. 

126.  Bond  of  Edmund  Conyngesburgh  to  the  Chancellor,  <fec. 
in  twenty  marks.     22  May  1464.     4  Edw.  IV.  vol.  i.  110. 


400 

127.  Bond  of  Gerard  Skipwyth  to  the  Chancellor,  &c.  in  ten 
marks.     30  May  1464.     4  Edw.  lY.  vol.  i.  111. 

128.  Indentura  inter  XJniversitatem  et  Willelmnm  Harward  et 
Willebnum  Bakon,  carpentarios,  de  opere  noYarum  scholarum. 
25  Jon.  1466.  6  Edw.  lY.  On  the  back  is  endorsed  the  receipt  of 
the  carpenters,  1467.  vol.  i.  112. 

129.  The  bond  in  £10  of  Harward,  and  Bakon  and  others. 
25  Jun.  1466.     6  Edw.  IV.  vol.  l  113. 

130.  Exemplificatio  statntorum  cistsB  S.  Johannis.  13  Nov. 
1466.    (Two  copies.)  voL  i.  114,  115. 

131.  Obligatio  Andrese  Docket  prsesidentis  S.  Margaretas  et 
beati  Bemardi,  Qwenes  College  vulgariter  nuncupati,  et  Scholarinm 
in  summa  20*.  ad  obsequium  voluntati  ultimfe  Will.  Sjday  medici 
qui  iis  tenementum  vocatum  Bjlneje  legavit  pro  remedio  siii  et  suorum 
animarum.     23  Oct.  1470.     10  Edw.  IV.  Bratoer  i.  22. 

[Notificatio  Innocentii  Papea  VIII.] 

132.  Statutum  a  cistarum  custodibns  in  posterum  observandum. 
2  Jun.  1489.     [Stat.  183,  p.  89.]  vol.  i.  116. 

133.  Articles  claimed  to  be  signed  by  the  Vice-Chancellor,  and 
as  touching  wrongs  done  by  the  Mayor.  1491.  English,     vol,  i.  117. 

134.  Testimonium  magistrum  Bobertum  Symson  artium  doc- 
torem  receptum  esse  in  numerum  Academicoinim^  undo  invidia  tem- 
porum  exciderat.     1  Jul.  1491.  vol.  i.  118. 

135.  Certificate  from  Bobert  de  Attylborow,  prior  of  the  Augus- 
tinians  at  Cambridge,  that  he  has  commissioned  John  Dewryk,  4&c.  to 
redeem  and  pledge  again  any  jewels  in  any  of  the  University  chests. 

.27  Sept.  1491.  vol.  i.  119. 

136.  Charta  magistri  Thomas  Barowe,  Archidiaconi  Coleces- 
trensis  (qui  J&240  sponte  contulit  ad  instaurationem  serarii  et  sedifica- 
tionem  eoclesiffi  beatse  Marise,  et  benefactoribus  propter  haec  beneficia 
annumeratur)  pro  exequiis  suis.     21  Jan.  1494-5.  vol.  r.  120. 

137.  Indenture  between  Queens'  College  and  William  Wylde, 
executor  of  John  Drewell ;  the  College  to  provide  2  priests,  fellows, 
to  sing  masses  and  pray  for  the  soul  of  John  Drewell,  out  of  revenues 
from  lands  at  Abbotsley,  Haslingfield,  and  Pampiaworth.  15  Mart 
1494-5.  Drawer  I.  23. 


401 

138.  Breve  regis  Gancellario  transmissniB  de  proclamatione 
&oienda  pro  piscibus  impaocandis  secundum  tenorem  actus  parlia- 
menti  tempore  regis  Edwardi  lY.  editi.  26  Aug.  1495.  11  Hen. 
VII.  (Hare  in.  3)  vol.  i.  121. 

139.  Lit.  pat.  confirmantes  literas  37  Hen.  YI.  de  meretricibus 
extra  Universitatem  banniendis.'    4  Jan.  1495-6.     11  Hen.  YII. 

(Hare  in.  1)  Drawer  i.  24. 

140.  Testimonium  pro  Johanne  GjUyson  et  Adamo  Ljghton  cum 
Tenia  rus  abeundi  ad  sex  septimanas.   10  Feb.  1501-2.   17  Hen.  YII. 

vol.  1.  122. 

141.  Bond  in  500  marks  of  the  Mayor,  &c.  of  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge to  abide  by  the  award  of  John  Fysher,  ha.  arbiters  in  the  ques- 
tions at  issue  between  the  University  and  town.  10  Apr.  1502.  17 
Hen.  YII.  {Uwre  iii.  7)  vol.  i.  123. 

142.  The  26  motions  made  by  counsel  for  appeasing  divers  great 
variances  between  the  Yice- Chancellor  and  the  Mayor.  21  May  1502. 

17  Hen.  YII.  Drawer  i.  25. 

143.  The  Award  between  the  University  and  the  Town. 
11  July  1502.     17  Hen.  YH.  {Hare  iii.  8)  vol.  i.  124. 

After  the  30  Articles  follows :  "  These  be  the  names  of  them 
whiche  by  the  decree  of  us  the  seid  arbitrators  shall  enjoye  like  privi- 
ledges  of  the  seid  Universite  as  Scholares  shall  doe." 

144.  Fundatio  Dominad  Margaretce  comitissa  de  uno  lectore 
publico  in  sacra  theologia  cum  statutis.    8  Sept  1502.    18  Hen.  YII. 

(Ha/re  in.  33)  vol.  xxxix.  1.  1. 

145.  Indenture  of  the  Composition  between  the  University  and 
Town  after  the  Arbitrators'  Award.  This  contains  the  30  Articles 
of  the  Award  and  the  same  list  of  privileged  persons.     12  May  1503. 

18  Hen.  YII.  (Hare  in.  21)  vol.  i.  125. 
There  is  an  imperfect  copy  of  this,  containing  the  first  7  Articles, 

in  Drawer  i.  26. 

146.  litera  Rogeri  episcopi  Carleolensis  gratias  agens  profavore 
exhibito  magistro  Eicardo  Branspath.     1  Jun.  1504.         vol.  i.  126. 

147.  Fundatio  dominie  Margaretee  de  uno  concionatore  in  sacra 
theologia.     30  Oct.  1504.  (Ha/re  iii.  40)  Drawer  xxxix. 


402 

148.  liber  de  fiindatione  exequiamm  pro  rege  Henrico  VIL 
Mart.  1506.  B<m  3. 

149.  Award  respectmg  Midsummer  Fair  in  a  dispute  between 
the  Chancellor,  Masters,  dca  of  the  University  and  the  Prior  and 
Conyent  of  Barnwell.    18  June  1506.    21  Hen.  YII.    Drawer  l  27. 

150.  An  indulgence  granted  to  all  benefactors,  kxi.  "capelbs 
beatsB  et  gloiioB»  Yirginis  MarisB  in  mari  Eliensis  diooesis."      1511. 

voL  I.  127. 

151.  Licence  from  the  Prior  of  Castle  Acre  to  John  Household 
to  proceed  in  divinity  and  to  take  the  required  oaths  in  the  Uni- 
versity.    20  Dec.  1512.     4  Hen.  VIII.  Dratoer  r.  2%. 

152.  Admissio  magistri  Johannis  West  in  prsedicatorem.  1  Apr. 
1513.  voL  I.  12& 

153.  Permission  to  W.  Pepys,  inceptor  in  sacra  theologia,  from 
the  Prior  of  Norwich,  to  take  the  required  oaths,  (fee.     24  May  1513. 

Drawer  i.  29. 

154.  Licence  from  the  Prior  of  Augustinians  to  W.  Wetherall  to 
take  the  oaths,  d^a  on  adm.  to  B.D.     10  June  1513.     Drawer  l  30. 

155.  Letter  of  attorney  from  Will  Robson,  S.T.P.,  Ac.,  to 
John  Fawne,  S.T.P.,  Yice-Chancellor,  ''ad  recipiendum  in  usum 
Universitatis  a  Joh.  Pechy  milite  et  Wil.  Petley  de  Halsted, 
yoman,  80  marcas."     14  Nov.  1513.  vol.  i.  129. 

156.  Concessio  Philippe  Underwood  monacho  domus  Cartusin 
ab  Edm.  Knuttres,  V.  C.  etc.  participationis  honorum  universorum 
specialis  in  vita  pariter  et  in  morte.     3  Mart  1517-8.         vol  i.  130. 

157.  Compositio  iacta  concorditer  inter  JoL  Tenin,  Coll.  R^;in. 
prsesidem  et  Will.  Melton  Ecd.  Ebor.  Cancel!,  pro  perpetuo  saoerdote 
Hugonis  Trotter  in  Coll.  Begin.,  qui  contulit  £333.  6«.  %<L  eidem 
coUegio.     11  Dea  1519.     11  Hen.  VIIL  vol  i.  131. 

158.  Litera  Clementia  Papas  YII.  jam  electi  se  commendans 
precibus  et  sufiragiis  Universitatis.     26  Nov.  1523.  vol  l  132. 

159.  Foundation  of  3  Lectures  of  gift  of  Sir  Rob.  Reda 
10  Dec.  1524.     16  Hen.  YIIL  {Han^e  iiL  56)  Box  l  3. 

160.  Commendatio  fratris  Johannis  Prions  Ordinis  de  Monte 
Carmelo  pro  Thoma  i^gidio  S.T.B.  ut  in  ordinem  Doctorum  coopte- 
tui\    8  Sept.  1526.  voL  l  133. 


403 

161.  Confirmatio  lit.  pat  6  RL  XL  quod  Cancellarius  babeat 
potestatem  supervidendi  falsa  pondera  et  falsas  meusuras  in  nun- 
dinifl  de  Steresbriga     4  Nov.  1533.     25  Hen.  VIII.  vol  l  134. 

162.  Carta  de  tribns  stationariis  dve  librorum  impressoribus. 
20  Jul.  1534.     26  Hen.  VIII.  {Hare  iil  70)  vol  i.  135. 

163.  Charter  respecting  tithes  and  first-fruits  on  lands  of  the 
Universities  and  Colleges  of  Eton,  <&&  21  Feb.  1536-7.  28  Hen. 
VIII.  Drawer  I.  31. 

164.  lit.  pat  confirming  the  grant  to  the  Margaret  Header 
out  of  the  Exchequer.    26  June  1542.    34  Hen.  VEIL    Drawer  i.  32. 

165.  lit  pat.  concerning  the  grant  of  the  Margaret  Preacher- 
ship  and  payment  of  £10  annually  out  of  the  Exchequer  to  the 
Preacher.    26  June  1542.     34  Hen.  VIII.  Drawer  i.  33. 

166.  Letters  patent  confirming  agreement  between  the  Uni- 
versity and  Priory  of  BamweU  concerning  Midsummer  Fair.  6  July 
1544.     36  Hen.  VIII.  Drawer  i.U. 

167.  Letters  patent  securing  £10  p.  a.  from  the  Exchequer  in 
lieu  of  that  annuity  payable  out  of  the  late  Monastery  of  St  Peter's, 
Westm.     (20  Nov.  20  Hen.  VIL)     12  Oct  1544.         Drawer  i.  35. 

168.  licentia  appropriandi  Ecclesiam  de  Burwell  Univ.  Cant. 
28  Nov.  1544.     36  Hen.  VHI.  {Hare  in.  91)  vol.  i.  136. 

169.  Acknowledgment  of  £220  borrowed  out  of  the  Billyng- 
forth  and  Bowser  Chest  by  the  University,  to  be  repaid  out  of  the 
Burwell  rents.    The  repayment  endorsed.    30  Dec.  1544.    vol.  l  137. 

170.  litera  fratrum  minorum  intercedens  pro  fratre  Job.  Celer, 
S.  T.  P.,  quern  Universitas  denuntiaverat  peijurum  atque  suspensum 
ab  actibus  scolasticis  ob  defectum  sermonis  dootondis.  (No  date; 
XV  th  century.)  vol.  i.  138, 

171.  Petitio  cleri  contra  monachos.  Articuli  concementes  grava- 
mina quatuor  ordinum  fratrum.    (No  date;  xvth  cent)     vol.  i.  139. 

172.  Litera  ab  Universitate  prselato  alicui  Bomss  agenti,  ut 
assistat  Mag.  Roberto  de  Stratton  in  obtinenda  dispensatione  pro 
benefidatis  hie  moram  trahentibus.  (No  date;  xvth  cent.)  vol.  1. 140. 


XXXIX.  Notes  on  Hobson's  House,  the  White 
Horse,  and  the  late  Mr  Cory's  House.  Com- 
municated by  the  Rev.  G.  F.  Browne,  M.A., 
St  Catharine's  College. 


[May  15,  1876.] 


I.     On  the  site  of  Hobson^s  house. 

Mr  C.  H.  Cooper,  in  his  Annals  of  Cambridge  (ill.  237), 
says  that  the  White  Swan,  in  St  Botolph's  parish,  pulled  down 
about  1760  for  the  improvement  of  Catharine  Hall,  was  called 
Hobson's  house,  but  that  an  old  tradition  made  Joseph  Stanley's 
house,  at  the  south-west  comer  of  Peas  Hill,  the  residence  of 
Hobson,  the  two  houses  adjoining  on  the  west  being  on  the  site 
of  his  stables.  The  Editor  of  the  Cambridge  Portfolio  says  that 
Hobson  lived  at  the  south-west  comer  of  Peas  Hill,  and  as  a 
proof  of  Hobson's  popularity  he  says  that  two  public  houses  bore 
his  name  as  a  sign,  one  being  "  Hobson's  House"  opposite  Catha- 
rine Hall.  Hobson,  as  is  well  known,  lived  in  St  Benet's  parish, 
so  that  the  White  Swan  in  St  Botolph  was  not  his  residence. 
Nor  was  it  called  "  Hobson'js  House."  At  the  time  when  Dr 
Wodelarke  entered  in  his  Memoriaie  Nigrum  an  account  of  the 
sites  purchased  for  the  erection  of  Catharine  Hall,  he  believed 
that  he  had  purchased  the  White  Swan,  then  called  Rasour's 
tenement  (a.d.  1460 — 70).  The  purchase  was  not  completed, 
and  the  College  only  acquired  the  tenement  in  1516,  when  it  is 


406 

described  as  'the  Swan.*  They  sold  it  to  John  Mere  in  1556, 
and  bought  it  again  of  Cornelius  Archer  in  1676,  when  it  con- 
sisted of  two  houses  with  a  frontage  of  60  feet  to  Trumpington 
Street,  occupying  the  southern  half  of  the  present  grove  between 
the  College  and  the  street  It  had  long  appeared  in  leases, 
&c.,  as  *  Archer's  house,'  and  a  portion  of  the  old  College,  built 
on  a  scrap  of  the  site  purchased  at  an  earlier  date,  was  called 
'Archer's  Court.'  Cornelius  Archer  was  Hobson's  cousin  (see 
Hobson's  will). 

Hobson's  house  adjoined  it  to  the  north.  It  was  in  St  Benet's 
parish,  so  that  the  junction  of  the  two  houses  was  the  boundary 
of  the  parishes.  Dr  Wodelarke  bought  in  1459  two  tenements 
in  Mill  Street,  extending  eastwards  to  a  tenement  called  'le 
George,'  belonging  to  Corpus  Christi  College.  These  tenements 
extended  from  Mill  Street  107  feet  towards  High  (Trumpington) 
Street  at  the  south  end,  and  90  feet  at  the  north  end,  so  that 
the  George  extended  westwards  from  Trumpington  Street  about 
170  feet.  In  the  sale  of  the  Swan  (1556)  it  is  said  to  be 
bounded  on  the  north  by  the  'George,'  a  tenement  of  Corpus 
Cliristi  College,  in  the  occupation  of  John  Cooke,  innholder  and 
carrier.  In  1580  the  'George'  is  described  as  a  tenement  'lately 
of  Corpus  Christi  College,  now  of  Helen  Hobson,  widow.'  This 
was  the  mother  of  Thomas  Hobson  the  carrier.  Her  husband, 
also  Thomas  and  a  carrier,  settled  in  Cambridge  in  1561,  and 
died  in  1568.  The  well-known  Thomas  Hobson  died  at  the 
age  of  86  in  1631,  leaving  the  house  where  he  dwelt  in  St  Benet 
parish  to  his  grandson  Thomas.  In  1637  Catharine  Hall  ac- 
quired it  They  at  once  pulled  down  the  stables,  &c.,  in  the 
yard,  which  the  College  books  call  Hobson's  yard,  but  left  the 
house  standing,  and  its  rent  was  long  entered  as  from  "Hob- 
son's house."  In  1760  it  was  pulled  down.  In  Essex's  plan 
(1745)  the  house  is  shewn  with  a  frontage  of  24  feet,  the 
house  and  yard  having  had  originally  60  feet  of  frontage  to 
Trumpington  Street,  the  northern  half  of  the  present  grove. 


4U7 

It  was  then  known  in  the  College  books  as  Mr  Sadler's  house. 
The  yard  and  stables  originally  extended  over  the  north-east 
quarter  of  the  present  court  of  St  Catharine's,  and  over  part,  if 
not  the  whole,  of  the  site  of  the  Chapel.  The  old  back  ap- 
proach to  Catharine  Hall  from  the  High  Street  was  on  the 
north  of  Hobson's  house. 

II.     On  the  site  of  the  White  Horse,  or  "  Germany,"  and  on 
the  late  Mr  Cori/s  hoiise. 

Strype,  who  was  a  member  of  Catharine  Hall,  says  in  his 
J^ifs  of  Parker  (p.  6 ;  there  is  a  similar  passage  in  his  Annals) 
that  the  White  Horse,  which  belonged  to  Catharine  Hall,  was 
the  place  of  meeting  of  those  who  in  secret  favoured  the  re- 
formed doctrines.  It  was  "  afterwards  nicknamed  Germany  by 
"their  enemies.  This  house  was  chose  because  they  of  Kings 
"CoDege,  Queens'  College,  and  St  John's,  might  come  in  with 
"the  more  privacy  by  the  back  door," — why  they  of  St  John's 
it  is  difficult  to  see.  The  Editor  of  the  Cambridge  Pwifolio 
discusses  the  claims  of  Mr  Cory's  house  to  be  the  White  Horse. 
In  his  engraving  of  the  old  stall-work  found  there  he  describes 
it  as  "  from  the  White  Horse."  He  determines,  however,  that 
the  White  Horse  must  be  supposed  to  have  been  incorporated 
with  the  Bull  Hotel,  since  there  is  no  evidence  that  Catharine 
Hall  ever  sold  the  White  Horse. 

The  College  papers  shew,  on  the  contrary,  that  the  White 
Horse  was  sold  twice  by  the  College.  They  shew  also  that  it 
was  not  Mr  Cory's  house.  The  first  entry  in  Dr  Wodelarke's 
Memoricde  Nigrum  records  the  acquisition  of  a  tenement  called 
Fordham  place  in  14«55.  The  conveyance  is  in  the  College 
Treasury,  and  is  endorsed  "  for  the  White  Horse."  The  next 
entry  records  the  acquisition  of  a  tenement  lying  between  Ford- 
ham  place  and  the  vennel  called  Pluttys  lane,  in  1461.  The 
latter  tenement  included  a  small  house  set  between  the  two 
main  houses.     John  Caunterbury  had  these  houses  for  his  life, 

28 


408 

and  only  the  reversion  was  given  to  the  College.  In  March, 
1498,  part  of  the  property  had  come  into  possession,  and  was 
sold  to  William  Myles.  It  was  Fordham  place,  or  the  White 
Horse,  the  tenement  adjoining  the  Black  BulL  Its  frontage  to 
the  High  Street,  including  an  entry,  was  31  feet.  Above  the 
entry  was  a  "garrith,"  which  extended  5  feet  over  the  kitchen  ^ 
of  the  tenement  adjoining  on  the  north.  In  Dec.  1498,  the 
rest  of  the  property  came  to  the  College,  including  *  the  tene- 
*  ment  in  which  John  Caunterbury  lately  dwelt,'  and  other  pro- 
perty '  between  the  Bull  on  the  hoop  and  Nuttys  lane.' 

In  1509  the  executors  of  William  Myles  conveyed  to  the 
College  the  property  he  had  bought  in  1498. 

In  1513  a  complete  list  of  the  College  property  was  made. 
It  includes  these  two  tenements,  one  '  commonly  called  FonL- 
ham  place,'  the  other  '  commonly  called  the  Corn-house.' 

In  1556  the  whole  was  sold  to  John  Mere  for  £100.  The 
White  Horse  is  described  as  next  the  Black  Bull,  and  as  having 
the  small  tenement  set  betwixt  it  and  the  Corn-house. 

Thus  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  house  now  in  the  oc- 
cupation of  Mr  Jones,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Bull,  stands  on 
the  southern  portion  of  the  site  of  the  White  Horse,  New  King's 
Lane  running  through  the  old  entry  to  the  White  Horse,  and 
absorbing  also  the  5  feet  of  kitchen  and  garrith.  The  White 
Horse  property  extended  to  the  north-west  till  it  abutted  on 
Fluttys  lane,  so  that  the  back  entrance  mentioned  by  Strype  is 
accounted  for.  The  remaining  tenement  was  Mr  Cory's  house 
The  plan  of  the  property  as  purchased  by  King's  College  a  few 
years  ago  shews  a  frontage  of  54  feet  for  Mr  Cory's  house  and 
the  small  tenement  annexed,  occupied  b^  Mr  Troughton,  and 
90  feet  in  all  from  the  north-east  comer  of  Mr  Cory's  house  to 
the  north-east  comer  of  the  Bull.  Thus  Mr  Cory's  54  feet  with 
the  36  feet  already  accounted  for  from  the  old  deeds  relating  to 
the  White  Horse,  exactly  fill  up  the  space  between  the  Bull 
and  Pluttys  lane,  i.e.  Old  King's  Lane.     The  name  Corn-honse, 


409 

given  iu  some  of  the  Catharine  Hall  deeds  to  the  house  after- 
wards known  as  Mr  Cory's,  is  an  example  of  the  mistakes  which 
arise  from  a  neglect  of  abbreviations.  Dr  Wodelarke  calls  it 
'  tenementum  de  comerio/  and  since  Fluttys  lane  left  the  High 
Street  at  an  angle  of  about  70*,  no  more  apt  name  than  'comer 
house'  could  have  been  devised.  The  well-remembered  appearance 
of  projection  beyond  the  line  of  houses  to  the  south  was  caused 
by  a  change  in  the.  line  of  frontage  of  the  White  Horse,  Fuller's 
plan  shewing  a  continuous  curve  in  place  of  the  straight  face 
of  the  Bull  and  of  Mr  Jones's  house. 


INDEX. 


A.  B.  C,  on  the,  363 

Abington  Magna,  visitation  of,  1685, 

334 
Abington  Parva,  visitation  of,  1685, 

335 

B. 

Babington,  Charles  C,  on  the  Mu$ea 
or  Studiola  in  Dr  Legge's  building 
at  Galas  College,  177 
Babraham,  visitation  of,  1685,  334 
Bacon,  Sir  Francis,  an  aooonnt  of 
the  election  of,  as  burgess  in  par- 
liament in  April,  1614,  203 
Bale,  Bp,  a  letter  from,  to  Abp 

Parker,  157 
Balsham,  visitation  of,  1685,  333 
Banks,  S.,  catalogue  of  subscriptions 
for  the  relief  of  sufferers  from  the 
cattle  plague  in  1747  at  Cotton- 
ham,  107 
Barbour,  John,  poems  by.  Ill 
Barnwell  Abbey,  notes  on  some  re- 
mains of  moats  and  moated  halls 
at,  287 
Barton,  visitation  of,  1685,  354 
Bassingbom,  visitation  of,  1685,  338 
Beaufort,  Thomas,  Duke  of  Exeter, 

letter  to  the  University,  273 
Bentley,  Dr,  letter  to  Lord  Chan- 

ceUor  King,  175 
Birdi,  Samuel,  on  the  cover  of  the 
sarcophagus  of  Ramescs  III.,  371 


Blomfield,  Arthur  W^  some  aooonnt 

of  St  Vigor's  Church,  Fulbonm, 

215 
Bonney,  T.  G.,  two  letters  of  Sir 

Isaac  Newton,  153 
Bozworth,  visitation  of,  1685,  341 
Bradshaw,  Henry,  on  two  hitherto 

unknown  poems  by  John  Barbour, 

111 

—  a  view  of  the  state  of  the  Uni- 

versity in  Queen  Anne's  reign, 
119 

—  on  the  '  Image  of  Pity/  135 

—  an  inventory  of  the  stuff  in  the 

coU^^  chambers  (King's  Col- 
lege), 1598, 181 

—  list  of  members  of  King's  Col- 

lege, 1598,  195 

—  on  the  engraved  device  used  by 

Nicolaus  Gotz  of  Sletistat^ 
237 

—  note   on   a   book    printed   at 

Cologne  by  Gotz  in  1477, 244 

—  on  two  eng^vings  on  copper  by 

G.  M.,  a  Flemish  artist  of  the 
XV— XVIth  century,  247 

—  on  the  engravings  fastened  into 

the  Lambeth  copy  of  the 
Salisbury  Primer,  or  Horm^ 
printed  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde 
(about  1494),  255 

—  on  three  engravings  on  copper 

fastened  into  the  Cambridge 
copy  of  the  Utrecht  Breviary 
of  1514,  255 


411 


Bradshaw,  Henry,  on  the  oldest 
written  remains  of  the  Welsh  lan- 
guage, 263 

—  on  the  collection  of  portraits 

belonging  to  the  University 
before  the  civil  war,  276 

—  notes  of  the  episcopal  visitation 

of  the  archdeaconry  of  Ely 
in  1685,  323 

—  on  the  A.  B.  C.  as  an  authorised 

school-book   in   the    XYlth 
century,  363 
Brent  Pelham,  visitation  of  church, 

A.1).  1297,  63 
Brocklebank,  T.,  notaries  public  in 
King's  College,  Cambridge,  47 

—  letter   from   Peter  Salmon  to 

Samuel   Collins,   provost   of 
King's  College,  1630,  211 
Bronze    ram   in    the  museum   at 

Palermo,  269 
Bronze  statuette,  remarks  on  a,  231 
Browne,  G.  F.,  notes  on  Hobson's 
house,  the  White  Horse,  and  the 
late  Mr  Cory's  house,  405 

C. 

Cambridge,  visitation  of  churches  in, 

1686,  350—353,  360,  361 
Cambridge,  Caius  College,  on  the 

Musea  or  Studiola  in  Dr  Legge's 

building,  177 

—  King's  College,  notaries  public 

in,  47 

—  — -  an  inventory  uf  the  stuff  in  the 

college  chambers,  1598, 181 

—  University,  a  view  of  the  state 

of  the  University  in  Queen 
Anne's  reign,  119 

letter  to,  from  Thomas  Beau- 
fort, Duke  of  Exeter,  273 

on  the  collection  of  portraits 

belonging  to  the  University 
before  the  civil  war,  275 


Cambridge  University,  a  list  of  the 
documents    in     the     University 
Registry,  1266—1544,  385 
Carter,  James,  on  some  excavations 

at  Fulboum,  313 
Castle  Camps,  visitation  of,  1685,333 
Cattle  plague,  catalogue  of  subscrip- 
tions for  the  relief  of  sufferers 
from  the  cattle  plague  in  1747  at 
Cotteuham,  107 
Chapman,  John,  of  Swaffham,  317 
Charib  implements,  notes  on,  295 
Chatteris,  visitation  of,  1685,  328 
Chettisham,  visitation  of,  1685,  330 
Childerly,  visitation  of,  1685,  341   - 
Clark,  J.  W.,  a  description  of  the 

Medr&sen  in  Algeria,  379 
Collins,  Samuel,  provost  of  Song's 

College,  Salmon's  letter  to,  211 
Columbaria,  remarks  on,  287 
Comberton,  visitation  of,  1685,  349 
Cooper,  Charles    Henry,  some  ac- 
count of  Richard  Sault,  mathe- 
matician, 37 
Cory,  Mr,  notes  on  his  house,  405 
Coton,  notes  on   some  remains  of 

moats  and  moated  halls  at,  287 
Cotteuham,  catalogue  of  subscrip- 
tions for  the  relief  of  sufferers 
from  the  cattle  plague  in  1747,  in 
the  parish  of,  107 
—  visitation  of,  1685,  345 
Coveney,  visitation  of,  1685,  ?31 
Cowell,  £.  B.,  on  the  legend  of  the 
Chapman  of  Swaffham  in  Norfolk, 
317 
Croyden,  visitation  of,  1685, 359 


D. 

Doddington,  visitation  of,  1685,  329 
Downham,  visitation  of,  1685,  330 
Dry  Drayton,  visitation  of,  1685,  341 


412 


Daport,  Dr,  an  account  of  the  elec- 
tion of  Sir  Francis  Bacon  and  Dr 
Bamaby  Goche  as  burgesses  in 
parliament  in  April,  16U,  203 

R 

Earith,  remarks  on  a  bronze  statu- 
ette found  at,  231 
East  Hatley,  visitation  of,  1685,  347 
Edwards,  Dr  John,  a  view  of  the 

state  of  the  University,  119 
Elsworth,  visitation  o(  1686,  345 
Ely,  visitation  of  the  archdeaconry 

of,  1685,  323 
Engravings,  on  two  engravings  on 
copper,  by  G.  M.,  247 

—  on  three  engravings  on  copper, 

&stened  into  the  Cambridge 
copy  of  the  Utrecht  Breviary 
of  1514,  255 

—  on  the  engravings  &stened  into 

the  Lambeth  copy  of  the  Salis- 
bury Primer  or  /forcp,  printed 
by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  (about 
1494),  257 

P. 

Fen  Ditton,  notes  on  some  remains 
of  moats  and  moated  halls  at^  287 
Fish-ponds,  remarks  on,  287 
Fulboum,  some  account  of  St  Vigor's 
Church  at,  215 

—  on  some  excavations  at,  313 
Fumeaux    Pelham,    visitation     of 

church,  A.D.  1297,  53 


G. 
Gamlingay,  visitation  of,  1685,  347 
Goche,  Dr  Bamaby,  an  account  of 
the  election  of,  as  buigess  in  par- 
liament in  April,  1614,  203 


Gotz,  Nicolaus,  of  Sletxstat,  on  the 

engraved  device  used  by,  237 
-~  note   on   a   book    printed  at 

Cologne,  1477,  by,  244 
Grantchestei',    notes    on   some  re- 
mains of  moats  and  moated  halls 
at,  287 
—  visitation  of,  1685,  353 
Great  Shelford,  visitation  of;i685,343 
GriflSth,  William,  notes  on  Charib 
implements  in  Barbados,  295 


Haddenham,  visitation  of,  1685,  326 
Harleton,  visitation  of,  1685,  353 
Hildersham,  visitation  of,  1685,  336 
Histon,  visitation  of,  1685,  355 
Hobson's  house,  notes  on,  405 
Hungry  Hatley,visitation  of,1685,347 

I. 
Image  of  Pity,  on  the  earliest  en- 
gravings of  the  indulgence,  135 
Impington,  visitation  of,  1685,  354 


Lewis,  6.  S.,  remarks  on  a  bronxe 
statuette  found  at  Earith,  Hunts., 
231 

—  on  a  bronze  ram  now  in  the 

museum  at  Palermo,  259 

—  on  three   statuettes   found  at 

Tanagra,  303 
LitUe  Gransden,  visitation  o^  1685, 

345 
LoUworth,  visitation  of,  1685,  342 
Long  Stow,  visitation  of,  1685,  346 
Luard,  Henry  Richards,  visitation 
of  the  churches  of  Pelham  Fur- 
neaux  and  Brent  Pelham,  in  Hert- 
fordshire, A.]>.  1297,  53 

—  a  letter  from  Bishop  Bale  to 

Archbishop  Parker,  157 


413 


Luard,  Henry  Richards,  letter  from 
Dr  Bentley  to  Lord  Chancellor 
King,  176 

—  a  letter  to  the  University  from 

Thomas   Beaufort,  Duke   of 
Exeter,  273 

—  list  of  the  documents  in   the 

University  Registry,   1266 — 
1544,  385 

M. 

Maddingly,  visitation  of,  1685,  336 

Manor  house  and  college  boundary 
wallS)  remarks  on,  287 

'  Mantuan  vase,'  on  the  ancient 
onyx  known  as  the,  307 

Mayor,  John  E.  B.,  materials  for  the 
life  of  Thos.  Morton,  Bp  of  Dur- 
ham, 1 

—  letters  of  Abp  Williams  (xxviii 

— XLVU)  with  materials  for 
his  life,  61 
Medr&sen,  a  description  of  the,  in 

Algeria,  379 
Meepole,  visitation  of,  1685,  328 
Melbum,  visitation  of,  1685,  337 
Meldreth,  visitation  of,  1685,  357 
Moats  and  moated  halls,  notes  on 

some  remains  of,  at  Goton,  Grant- 

chester,  Barnwell  Abbey,  and  Fen 

Ditton,  287 
More,  John,  199 
More,  Sir  Thomas,  199 
Morton,    Thos.,    Bp    of    Durham, 

materials  for  the  life  of,  1 
Musea,  or  Studiola,  in  Dr  Legge*s 

building  at  Gains  Goll^ge,  177 

N. 
Newton,  visitation  of,  1685,  331 
Newton,  Sir  Isaac,  two  letters  of, 

153 
Notaries  public  in  King's  College, 

Cambridge,  47 


O. 

Oakington,  visitation  of,  1685,  356 
Orwell,  visitation  of,  1685,  358 
Over,  visitation  of,  1685,  344 


Palermo,  on  a  bronze  ram  now  in 

the  museum  at,  259 
Paley,  F.  A.,  on  the  west  towers  of 

York  Minster,  269 

—  remarks   on  manor-house  and 

college  boundary  walls,  fish- 
ponds, and  columbaria,  287 

—  notes  on  some  remains  of  moats 

and  moated  halls  at  Coton, 
Grantchester,  &a,  287 
Palmer,  E.  H.,  on  the  crook  in  the 

right  hand  of  the  figure  of  Ra- 

meses  III.,  383 
Pampesford,  visitation  of,  1685, 338 
Parker,  Abp,  a  letter  to,  from  Bp 

Bale,  157 
Pearson,  John  B.,  on  the  ancient 

onyx   known   as   the    'Mantuan 

vase,'  307 
Pelham    Fumeaux,    visitation     of 

church,  A.]>.  1297,  53 
Portraits,  on  the  collection  of,  be- 
longing to  the  University  before 

the  civil  war,  275 

R. 
Rameses  III.,  on  the  cover  of  the 

sarcophagus  of.  371 
^—  on  the  crook  in  the  right  hand 

of  the  figure  of,  383 
Rampton,  visitation  of,  1685,  344 

S. 
Salmon,  Peter,    letter    to   Samuel 
Collins,  provost  of  King's  College, 
1630)  211 


414 


BarcophagTis  of  Barneses  III.,  on 

thecoverof  the,  371 
Sarston,  visitation  of,  1685,  339 
Sault,  Richard,  some  account  of,  37 
Shudicamps,  visitation  of,  1685,  332 
Stapleford,  visitation  of,  1685,  340 
Sutton,  visitation  of,  1685,  327 
Swaffham  in  Norfolk,  on  the  legend 

of  the  Chapman  of,  317 

T. 

Tadlow,  visitation  of,  1686,  359 
Tanagra,  on  statuettes  found  at,  303 
Toft,  visitation  of,  1685,  348 
Trumpington,  visitation  of,  1685, 344 


Visitation  of  the  archdeaconry  of 
Ely  in  1685,  notes  of,  323 

—  of  the  churches  of  Pelham 
FumeauK  and  Brent  Pelham, 
in  Hertfordshire,  a.]>.  1297, 
63 


W. 
Welsh    language,    on   the    oldest 

written  remains  of,  263 
Weutworth,  visitation  of,  1685,  325 
Whaddon,  visitation  of,  1685,  3o8 
White  Horse,  notes  on  the,  405 
Wicham,  visitation  of,  1685,  330 
Wichford,  visitation  of,  1685,  325 
Wilberton,  visitation  of,  1685,  329 
Williams,  Abp,  letters  of  (xxviii — 
ZLVii),  with  materials  for  his  life, 
61 
Willingham,  visitation  of,  1685,  345 
Wright,  William    Aldis,    on  some 
entries  relating  to  the  marriage 
and  children  of  John  More,  199 
—  an  account  of  the  election  of 
Sir  Francis  Bacon  and    Dr 
Bamaby  Goclje  as  burgesses 
in  parliament  in  April,  1614, 
203 


York  Minster,  on  the  west  towers 
of,  269 


End  of  Vol.  III. 


CAMBRIDGE:   PRINTED  BY   C.  J.  CLAT,    M.A.   AT   THE    VNIYEBSITY   PRESS. 


LIST    OF   THE    PUBLICATIONS    OF    THE 
CAMBRIDGE   ANTIQUARIAN   SOCIETY. 


REPORTS. 
Reports  I— X  (1841— 1850).    Ten  numbers.    1841—1850.    8vo. 

PUBLICATIONS.    QUARTO  SERIES. 
I.      A  Catalcmie  of  the  original  library  of  St  Catharine's  Hall,  1475.  Ed. 

by  Professor  CoRMBy  B.D.    1840.    U,  ed. 
II.      Abbreviata  Cronica,  1377—1469.    Ed.  by  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    1840. 
With  a  facsimile,    2*.  6d, 

III.  An  account  of  the  Consecration  of  Abp.  Parker.  Ed.  by  J.  Qoodwin, 

B,D.    1841.     With  a  facsimile,    3s,  ed, 

IV.  An  application  of  heraldir  to  the  illustration  of  Uniyersity  and 

Collegiate  Antiquities.   By  H.  A.  Woodham,  A.B.    Part  I.  1841. 
With  illustrations. 
y.      An  application  of  heraldry,  &;c.    By  H.  A.  Woodhah,  M.A    Part 
II.    1842.     With  illustrations. 

\*    Nos.  IV  and  V  together,  9#.  6rf. 
VI.      A  Catalogue  of  the  MSS.  and  scarce  books  in  the  library  of  St 

John's  College.    By  M.  Cowib,  M.A.    Parti.    1842. 
Yll.     A  description  of  the  Sextry  Bam  at  Ely,  lately  demolished.    By 

Professor  WiLUS,  M.A.    1843.     With  ^plates,    3#. 
VIIL    A  Catalogue  of  the  MSS.  and  scarce  books  in  the  library  of  St 
John's  College.    By  M.  Cowie,  M.A.    Part  II.    1843. 
*#*    Nos.  VI  and  VIII  together,  9«. 

IX.  Architectural  Nomenclature  of  the  Middle  Ages.     By  Professor 

Willis,  M.A.    1844.     With  3  plates, 

X.  Roman  and  Roman- British  Remains  at  and  near  Shefford.    By  Sir 

Henbt  Dbyden,  Bart.,  M.A.    And  a  Catalogue  of  Coins  from  the 

same  place.  By  C.  W.  Kino,  M.A.  1845.   With  4  plates,    6s,  ed, 

XL      Specimens  of  College  plate.    By  J.  J.  Smith,  M.A.    1845.     With 

13  plcUes.    15«. 
XII.     Roman-British  Remains.      On  the  materials  of  two  sepulchral 
vessels  found  at  Warden.    By  Professor  Henslow,  M.A.    1846. 
With  2  plates,    4s. 
*^*    Nos.  I— XII,  with  a  title-page,  form  Vol.  I  of  the  Society's  Quarto 

Publications. 

XIII.  Bvangelia  Augnstini  Gregoriana.    A  description  of  MSS.  286  and 

197  in  the  Parker  Library.    By  J.  Goodwin,  B.D.    1847.     With 
II  plates.    20s. 

XIV.  Miscellaneous  Communications,  Part  I :  I.  On  palimpsest  sepulchral 

brasses.  By  A.  W.  Franks.  With  1  plate,  II.  On  two  British 
shields  found  in  the  Isle  of  Ely.  By  C.  W.  Goodwin,  M.  A.  With 
4  plates.  III.  A  Catalogue  of  the  books  bequeathed  to  C.  C. 
Collie  by  Tho.  Markaunt  in  1439.  Ed.  by  J.  O.  Ualliwell. 
IV.  The  genealogical  history  of  the  Freyille  Family.  By  A«  W. 
.Franks.     With  3 plates.    1848.    15«. 

XV.  An  historical  inquiry  touching  St.  Catharine  of  Alexandria:    to 

which  is  added  a  Semi-Saxon  legend.    By  C.  Uardwick,  M.A. 
1849.     With  2  plates,    i2s. 
\*     Nos.  XIII— XV,  with  a  title-page,  form  Vol.  II  of  the  Society's 
Quarto  Publications. 


REPORTS  AND  COMMUNICATIONa     OCTAVO  SBRIB& 

Reports  XI— XIX  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1850—69) ;  Commn- 
nications,  Octavo  ISeries,  Nos.  I — IX.    Nine  nnmbers,    1851 — 1859. 

*#*  Communications,  Octavo  Series,  Nos,  I — IX,  with  a  tiUe-page, 
contents  and  index,  form  Vol  I  of  the  Society's  Antiqitarian  Com- 
munications,   1859.    11«. 

Reports  XX— XXIV  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1859—64);  Com- 
munications, Nos.  X — ^XIV.    Five  numbers.    1860 — 1864. 

*«*  Communications,  Nos.  X— XIV,  with  a  title-page,  contents,  and 
index,  form  Vol.  II  of  the  Society's  Antiquarian  Communications. 
1861.    lOs. 

Report  XXV  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1864—65);  Communica- 
tions, No.  XV  (marked  by  mistake  XIV).    1865.    2*.     - 

Report  XXVI  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1865 — 66) ;  Communicar 
tions.  No.  XVI  (marked  by  mistake  XV).    1866.    2s, 

Report  XXXIII  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1866—73,  and  Reports 
XXVII— XXXII);  Communications,  No.  XVII.    1878.    Si. 

Report  XXXVI  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1873—76,  and  Reports 
XXXIV,  XXXV);  Communications,  No.  XVIII.    1879.    3». 

%*  Communications,  Nos.  XV— XVIII,  with  a  title-page,  contents, 
and  index,  form  Vol.  Ill  of  the  Society's  Cambridge  Antiquarian 
Communications.    1879.    I5s. 

Report  XXXVII  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1876—77);  Communi- 
cations, No.  XIX.    1878.    3«. 

Report  XXXVIII  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1877—78);  Communi- 
cations, No.  XX.    1878.    3«. 

Report  XXXIX  (with  Abstract  of  Proceedings,  1878—79);  Communi- 
cations, No.  XXI.    In  ths  Press, 


PUBLICATIONa    OCTAVO  SERIES. 

I.  The  Anglo-Saxon  legends  of  St  Andrew  and  St  Veronica.    Ed.  by 

C.  W.  Goodwin,  M.A.    1861.    2*.  6rf. 

II.  Fragment  of  a  Graeco-Egyptian  work  upon  magic.    Ed.  by  C.  W. 

Goonwm,  M.A.    1852.     With  afacnmile.    3«.  ^. 

III.  Ancient  Cambridgeshire.    By  C.  C.  Babington,  M.A.    1853.  With 

4  plates  and  a  map,    Zs.  Qd. 

IV.  A  History  of  Waterbeach.     By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1859.     With 

3  plates,    5s, 

v.  The  Diary  of  Edward  Rad;  to  which  are  added  several  letters  of 
Dr.  Bentley.    Ed.  by  H.  K  Luajid,  H.A.   1860.    28.  6d, 

VI.  A  History  of  Landbeach.  By  W.  K  Clay,  B.D.  1861.  With 
1  plate,    4s,  6d, 

VII.  A  History  of  Homingsey.    By  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1865.    2s,  Bd. 

*«*       Nos.  IV,  VI,  and  VII,  with  a  title-page,  form  a  volume  entitled: 
'  Three  Cambridgeshire  Parishes :  or  a  History/  &c    1865.    12#. 

VIII.  The  Correspondence  of  Richard  Person,  M.A.,  formerly  Regius 

Professor  of  Greek.    Ed.  by  H.  K  Luabd,  M.  A.    1867.    4s,  ed, 

IX.  The  Historv  of  Queens*  College.    Part  I.    1446—1560.    By  W.  G. 

SsABLE,  M.A.     1867.    Ss, 

X.  Historical  and  Architectural  Notes  on  Great  St  Mary's  Church.  By 

S.  Sandabs,  M.  a.    Together  with  the  Annals  of  the  Church.    By 
Canon  Venables,  M.A.     1869.     With  1  plate,    Ss. 

XL     A  History  of  Milton.    By  the  late  W.  K.  Clay,  B.D.    1869.   3*. 

*»*      Nos.  IV,  VI,  VII,  and  XI,  with  a  title-page,  form  a  volume  entitled : 
'  Histories  of  the  Four  Adjoining  Parishes,'  &c.  1861—1869.  15#. 

XIL  The  Coins,  Tokens,  and  Medals  of  the  Town,  County  and  University 
of  Cambridge.    By  W.G.  Seable,  MA.    1871.    2s. 

XIII.  The  History  of  Queens' College.    Part  IL    1560—1662.    By  W.  G. 

Seable,  M.A.    1871.    Ss. 

XIV.  The  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Parish  of  Bottisham  and  of  the 

Priory  of  Anglesey.    By  Edw.  Hailstone,  Jun.     With  7  plates. 
187a     12*. 

XV.  An  annotated  List  of  Books  printed  on  vellum  to  be  found  in 
the  University  and  College  Libraries  at  Cambridge;  with  an 
appendix  on  the  bibliography  of  Cambridge  libraries.  By  6. 
Sandabs,  M.A.     187&    2s. 

XVI.  A  Supplement  to  the  History  of  the  Parish  of  Bottisham  and  the 
Priory  of  Aoglesey.    By  Enw.  Hailstone,  Jun.    1878.    Is. 

Josselin's  Historiola  Coll^i  Corporis  Christ!  et  Beatae  Mariae 
Cantabrigme.    Ed.  by  J.  W.  Clabk,  M.A.    Jttst  ready. 

List  of  books,  pamphlets,  and  single  sheets,  published  and  privately 

Srinted,  concerning  the  University  of  CJambridge.     By  Vf.  Q. 
EABLE,  M.A.    In  the  Press. 

A  History  of  Queens'  College.     By  W.  G.  Ssablb,  M.A.     Part 
III.    In  preparation. 


OCCASIONAL   PUBLICATIONS. 

Catalogae  of  Coins,  Roman  and  Engluh  seriea,  in  the  Mnseam  of  the  Cam- 
bridge Antiquarian  Society.     1847.    8to. 

On  the  Cover  of  the  Sarcophagos  of  Rameses  III,  now  in  the  Fitswilliani 
Museum.    By  Samuel  Biboh,  Esq.,  LL.D.    1875.    4to. 

*^*  This  paper  has  also  been  printed  in  the  Society's  Ccmmunicatiofis, 
VoL  III,  No.  XXXV. 

List  of  the  Members  of  the  Society,  May  26, 1879.    8vo. 

NoTB.-— The  Secretary  of  the  Society  is  the  Rey.  S.  S.  Lxwib,  Corpus 
Christi  College,  Cambridge;  to  whom  all  communications  relating  to  the 
Society  may  be  addressed. 

September,  1879. 


CONTENTS. 

Beport  and  Abstract  of  ProceedingB  1873 — 1876,  pp.  1—32. 

COMMUNICATIONS. 
1873—1874 

PAOX 

^Yin.  Notes  on  Gharib  Implements  in  Barbados  and  the  neighbouring 
(West  Indian)  Islands.  Commnnicated  by  the  Bev.  William 
Griffith/ M.A.,  St  John's  Ck>llege         •       •       •       •       .    295 

1874—1876. 

XXIX.  On  three  Statuettes  found  at  Tanagra.    Ck)mmunioated  by  the 

Bev.  S.  S.  Lewis,  M.A.,  Corpus  Christ!  College     .        .        .     303 

XXX.  On  the  Ancient  Onyx  known  as  the  *  Mantuan  Vase  *,  in  the 

Grand-Ducal  Museum  at  Brunswick.    Communicated  by  the 
BeT.  John  B.  Pbabson,  B.D.,  Emmanuel  College  .        ...     307 

XXXL  On  some  Excavations,  apparently  of  Boman  date,  reoently  dis- 
covered at  Fulbourn.   Communicated  by  Jahbs  Cabteb,  Esq.     313 

XXXn.    On  the  Legend  of  the  Chapman  of  SwafiEham,  in  Norfolk.   Com- 
municated by  E.  B.  CowzLL,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  Professor  of  Sanskrit    317 
XXXni.  Notes  of  the  Episcopal  Visitation  of  the  Arohdeaoonxy  of  Ely 
in  1685.    Communicated  by  Henby  Bbadsbaw,  Esq.,  M.A., 

University  Librarian 323 

XXXIY.  On  the  A  B  C  as  an  authorised  School-book  in  the  Sixteenth 
Century.  Communicated  by  Hbnbt  Bbadsbaw,  Esq.,  M.A., 
University  Librarian      ...•••..    363 

1875—1876. 
XXXY.    On  the  Cover  of  the  Sarcophagus  of  Barneses  m.  now  in  the 
Fitzwilliam  Museum.     Communicated  by  Samtjxl  Bibcb, 

Esq.,  LL.D 871 

XXXYI.   A  Description  of  the  Medrifeen,  in  Algeria.    Communicated  by 

J.  W.  Clabk,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Trinity  College       ....    879 
XXXYII.  On  the  Crook  in  the  right  hand  of  the  figuztf  of  Bameses  m. 
on  the  cover  of  his  Sarcophagus  now  in  the  Fitzwilliam 
Museum.     Communicated  by  E.  H.  Palxeb,  Esq.,  M.A*, 

Lord  Almoner's  Beader  of  Arabic 883 

XXXVIIL  A  List  of  the  Documents  m  the  University  Begistry,  from  the 

year  1266  to  the  year  1544.     Communicated  by  the  Bev. 

H.  B.  LuABD,  B.D.,  University  Begistrary      .        .        •       .885 

XXXIX.    Notes  on  Hobson^s  House,  the  While  Horse,  and  the  late 

Mr  Cory's  House.    Commuxucated  by  the  Bev.  G.  F.  Bbowkb, 

St  Catharine's  College 405 

Index  to  Communications,  VoL  in. 410 

Title  and  Contents  to  Communications,  Vol.  in. 

cambbidok:  fbintbd  by  o.  j.  clax,  ii.a«  ai  the  VHiVBBam  fbjhb. 


OCT   C  0  :0oJ